Wind turbine tower health monitoring system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wind turbine tower health monitoring system and method, and relates to the technical field of wind turbine tower monitoring, wherein the wind turbine tower health monitoring system comprises a wind monitoring module, a tower load monitoring module, a tower load cycle monitoring module and a data processing module, wherein the wind monitoring module is arranged on the blades of the wind turbine and used to obtain the wind value; the tower load monitoring module is arranged on the tower and used to obtain the current load value of the tower; the tower load cycle monitoring module is arranged on the tower corresponding to the position of the tower load monitoring module and used to obtain the current load cycle number of the tower; the wind monitoring module, the tower load monitoring module and the tower load cycle monitoring module are all electrically connected to the data processing module. The present invention overcomes the limitations of traditional monitoring methods, improves the effectiveness and accuracy of tower monitoring, and reduces the maintenance cost of the wind turbine tower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine tower monitoring, and in particular to a wind turbine tower health monitoring system and method. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and renewable form of energy, wind power generation has developed rapidly. The performance and health status of each component of a wind turbine, including the generator nacelle, blades and tower, directly affect the power generation efficiency and operational safety of the entire unit. As a key component supporting the unit, the tower not only bears the weight of the generator nacelle and blades, but also bears the vibration and torque load caused by wind. With the advancement of wind power generation technology, especially the increase in the generating capacity of the unit and the development of box-type transformer-mounted technology, the tower faces greater challenges, and its load-bearing capacity and fatigue resistance have become important indicators to ensure the safe operation of the unit. Therefore, the health monitoring and maintenance of the tower has gradually become an important research direction in the wind power industry.

[0003] Currently, the health monitoring of wind turbine towers mainly relies on regular manual inspections and traditional online monitoring systems.

[0004] However, manual inspections are limited in their effectiveness in long-term operation due to their long cycle, high cost, and the possibility of secondary damage to tower connection components. Existing online monitoring systems usually rely on a single data source and are difficult to reflect the health of the tower in real time. There is a clear gap between monitoring technology and actual needs, which makes it impossible for operators to ensure the safety and efficiency of tower operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine tower health monitoring system and method, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that operators are unable to ensure the safety and operating efficiency of the tower.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the wind turbine tower health monitoring system proposed in the present invention comprises:

[0007] A wind monitoring module, which is arranged on the blades of the wind turbine generator set and is used to obtain wind force values;

[0008] A tower load monitoring module, which is disposed in the tower and is used to obtain a current load value of the tower;

[0009] A tower load cycle number monitoring module, which is arranged at the tower corresponding to the position of the tower load monitoring module and is used to obtain the current load cycle number of the tower;

[0010] The data processing module, the wind monitoring module, the tower load monitoring module and the tower load cycle monitoring module are all electrically connected to the data processing module.

[0011] In one embodiment, the wind monitoring module is installed on the leading edge of the blade or the root of the blade.

[0012] In one embodiment, the tower load monitoring module is installed at the middle section of the tower and / or at the connection between the tower and the foundation.

[0013] In one embodiment, the tower load cycle monitoring module is installed at the upper section and / or middle section of the tower corresponding to the position of the tower load monitoring module.

[0014] The present invention further proposes a wind turbine tower health monitoring method, which uses the wind turbine tower health monitoring system as described above. The wind turbine tower health monitoring method comprises:

[0015] According to the wind force value, obtaining the current material yield strength of the tower;

[0016] According to the current load value of the tower, the number of fatigue limit cycles of the tower is obtained;

[0017] Obtaining fatigue damage accumulation of the tower according to the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower and the current load cycle number of the tower;

[0018] The health condition of the tower of the wind turbine generator set is monitored according to the current material yield strength of the tower and the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower.

[0019] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the current material yield strength of the tower according to the wind force value comprises:

[0020] Obtaining the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower;

[0021] According to the wind force value and the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower, the current stress value of the tower is obtained by using Formula 1;

[0022] Comparing the current stress value of the tower with the preset material yield strength value of the tower to obtain the current material yield strength of the tower;

[0023] The formula 1 is:

[0024]

[0025] Wherein, σ is the current stress value of the tower, F is the wind force value, and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower.

[0026] In one embodiment, before the step of obtaining the number of fatigue limit cycles of the tower according to the current load value of the tower, the wind turbine generator set tower health monitoring method includes:

[0027] Corresponding to the current load cycle number of the tower, the current load value of the tower is obtained multiple times to obtain a current load value group of the tower;

[0028] According to the current load value group of the tower, obtaining a current load representative value of the tower;

[0029] The current load representative value of the tower is used as the current load value of the tower.

[0030] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the current load representative value of the tower according to the current load value group of the tower includes:

[0031] The average value of the current load value group is used as the representative value of the current load of the tower; or,

[0032] The median of the current load value group is used as the representative value of the current load of the tower; or,

[0033] The mode of the current load value group is used as the representative value of the current load of the tower.

[0034] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower according to the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower and the current load cycle number of the tower includes:

[0035] According to the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower and the current load cycle number of the tower, the fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower is obtained by using Formula 2;

[0036] Obtaining fatigue damage accumulation of the tower according to the fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower;

[0037] The formula 2 is:

[0038]

[0039] Where D is the cumulative value of fatigue damage of the tower, n i is the current load cycle number of the tower, N i is the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower.

[0040] In one embodiment, the step of monitoring the health of the tower of the wind turbine generator set according to the current material yield strength of the tower and the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower includes:

[0041] If the current stress value of the tower is less than the preset material yield strength value of the tower, the current material yield strength of the tower is healthy;

[0042] If the fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower is less than a preset value, the fatigue damage accumulation condition of the tower is healthy.

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention forms an efficient health monitoring system by integrating a wind monitoring module, a tower load monitoring module, a tower load cycle monitoring module and a data processing module on the tower of a wind turbine generator set. The system can acquire and analyze multi-source data such as wind, load and cycle number in real time, thereby improving the assessment capability and prediction accuracy of the tower health status. It not only overcomes the limitations of traditional monitoring methods and improves the effectiveness and accuracy of tower monitoring, but also ensures the safe operation and efficient power generation of wind turbines, thereby ensuring the service life of wind turbines and reducing maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a wind turbine tower health monitoring system provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a wind turbine tower health monitoring system provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the wind turbine tower health monitoring system provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for monitoring the health of a wind turbine tower provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Detailed flowchart of step S10 in FIG.

[0050] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0051] 10. Blades; 20. Tower; 30. Foundation;

[0052] 100. Wind monitoring module; 200. Tower load monitoring module; 300. Tower load cycle monitoring module; 400. Data processing module.

[0053] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0056] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0057] Currently, the health monitoring of wind turbine towers mainly relies on regular manual inspections and traditional online monitoring systems.

[0058] However, manual inspections are limited in their effectiveness in long-term operation due to their long cycle, high cost, and the possibility of secondary damage to tower connection components. Existing online monitoring systems usually rely on a single data source and are difficult to reflect the health of the tower in real time. There is a clear gap between monitoring technology and actual needs, which makes it impossible for operators to ensure the safety and efficiency of tower operation.

[0059] In order to solve this technical problem, the present invention proposes a wind turbine tower health monitoring system and method.

[0060] See also Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the wind turbine tower health monitoring system includes a wind monitoring module 100, a tower 20 load monitoring module, a tower 20 load cycle monitoring module and a data processing module 400. The wind monitoring module 100 is arranged on the blade 10 of the wind turbine and is used to obtain the wind value; the tower 20 load monitoring module is arranged on the tower 20 and is used to obtain the current load value of the tower 20; the tower 20 load cycle monitoring module is arranged on the tower 20 corresponding to the position of the tower 20 load monitoring module, and is used to obtain the current load cycle number of the tower 20; the wind monitoring module 100, the tower 20 load monitoring module and the tower 20 load cycle monitoring module are all electrically connected to the data processing module 400.

[0061] It should be noted that the wind monitoring module 100 is an ultrasonic anemometer, which can calculate the wind force applied to the blade 10 based on the wind speed and wind direction data, combined with the geometric shape and aerodynamic model of the blade 10. The tower 20 load monitoring module is a strain gauge, which can monitor the strain changes of the tower 20 in real time, so as to calculate the current load value of the tower 20. The tower 20 load monitoring module can also be a load sensor, which can directly measure the axial and lateral loads of the tower 20. The tower 20 load cycle monitoring module is an accelerometer, which can identify the cycle process of each wind load and operating load through strain gauge data and wind speed information. The data processing module 400 is a data acquisition system that supports multi-channel input so as to simultaneously access data from multiple sensors.

[0062] Specifically, the wind monitoring module 100 is arranged on the blade 10 of the wind turbine generator set, and is mainly used to obtain the wind value in real time. The wind monitoring module 100 monitors the wind speed and wind direction through sensors, and can accurately reflect the current wind energy resource status. Through the acquired wind data, the data processing module 400 can dynamically evaluate the impact of wind on the tower 20 structure, and provide the necessary basic 30 data for subsequent load and fatigue analysis.

[0063] The load monitoring module of the tower 20 is installed on the tower body of the tower 20. It monitors the current load value of the tower 20 in real time through sensors, reflecting the actual load borne by the tower 20. Through the arrangement of sensors, the monitoring range covers the key parts of the tower 20, ensuring that the load changes caused by wind force, unit operation and other factors can be captured in time. The accuracy and timeliness of the load monitoring data of the tower 20 are ensured, which further provides an important basis for judging the structural safety of the tower 20.

[0064] In addition, the tower 20 load cycle monitoring module is set corresponding to the position of the tower 20 load monitoring module, and is specifically responsible for obtaining the current load cycle number of the tower 20. By regularly recording the load changes of the tower 20 during operation, fatigue damage data of the tower 20 can be effectively accumulated. By monitoring these cycle numbers, the data processing module 400 can evaluate the fatigue state of the tower 20 and its impact on long-term operation.

[0065] The data processing module 400 is responsible for analyzing and processing the received wind force, load and cycle number data, and evaluating the health status of the tower 20 through the preset algorithm and mathematical model. The data processing module 400 can integrate the information of each module, calculate the material yield strength, fatigue damage accumulation and other indicators of the tower 20 in real time, and provide accurate support for the subsequent tower 20 health status judgment.

[0066] In the technical solution provided by the present invention, an efficient health monitoring system is formed by integrating a wind monitoring module 100, a tower 20 load monitoring module, a tower 20 load cycle monitoring module and a data processing module 400 on the wind turbine tower 20. The system can acquire and analyze multi-source data such as wind, load and cycle number in real time, thereby improving the assessment capability and prediction accuracy of the health status of the tower 20. It not only overcomes the limitations of traditional monitoring methods and improves the effectiveness and accuracy of monitoring the tower 20, but also ensures the safe operation and efficient power generation of the wind turbine, thereby ensuring the service life of the wind turbine and reducing maintenance costs.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wind monitoring module 100 is installed on the leading edge of the blade 10 or the root of the blade 10 .

[0068] Specifically, the installation position of the wind monitoring module 100 is of great significance, and can significantly improve the accuracy and timeliness of wind monitoring. The wind monitoring module 100 can be selectively installed at the leading edge or the root of the blade 10 .

[0069] If the wind monitoring module 100 is installed on the leading edge of the blade 10 , it can be ensured that the wind monitoring module 100 can respond quickly when the wind speed changes, and can obtain real-time data of wind speed and wind direction more accurately.

[0070] If the wind monitoring module 100 is installed at the root of the blade 10, the relative stability of this position can be used to avoid the influence of the severe vibration of the blade 10 on the monitoring data of the wind monitoring module 100 under high wind speed conditions, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data. At the same time, the installation at the root also facilitates subsequent maintenance and replacement. Not only does it optimize the location selection of the wind monitoring module 100, but it also enhances the overall monitoring capability of the system, allowing the wind turbine generator set to more effectively respond to changes in the external environment.

[0071] In this embodiment, by properly installing the wind monitoring module 100 at the leading edge or root of the blade 10, the system can accurately and real-time obtain wind data, thereby providing accurate input information for the load monitoring module and data processing module 400 of the tower 20. The accuracy of this information is the basis for realizing the health monitoring of the tower 20, and is helpful for evaluating the load-bearing capacity and fatigue state of the tower 20 under different wind conditions.

[0072] In an embodiment of the present invention, the tower 20 load monitoring module is installed at the middle section of the tower 20 and / or at the connection between the tower 20 and the foundation 30 .

[0073] Specifically, the installation position of the tower 20 load monitoring module is crucial for accurately evaluating the load-bearing capacity and operating status of the tower 20 .

[0074] If the load monitoring module of the tower 20 is installed in the middle section of the tower 20, it is helpful to monitor the dynamic load borne by the tower 20 in real time during operation. The middle section of the tower 20 is usually the area where the transmission and change of force are most obvious when the tower 20 is subjected to wind and other external forces. Therefore, the load monitoring module of the tower 20 installed in the middle section of the tower 20 can reflect the load-bearing capacity of the tower 20 under different working conditions. This dynamic monitoring can not only quickly capture the impact of wind changes on the tower 20, but also provide important data support for subsequent fatigue analysis.

[0075] If the load monitoring module is installed at the connection between the tower 20 and the foundation 30, the load monitoring module can obtain the stress conditions between the tower 20 and the foundation 30 in real time, ensuring that potential structural problems can be detected in time under high wind speeds or extreme weather conditions, such as excessive stress at the connection and settlement of the foundation 30, which helps to take maintenance measures in time and avoid major accidents.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present invention, the load cycle number monitoring module of the tower 20 is installed at the upper section and / or the middle section of the tower 20 corresponding to the position of the load monitoring module of the tower 20 .

[0077] Specifically, the installation position of the load cycle monitoring module of the tower 20 provides a solid foundation 30 for accurately monitoring the fatigue state of the tower 20 .

[0078] If the load cycle monitoring module of the tower 20 is installed in the upper section of the tower 20, the load cycle caused by wind changes and unit operation can be effectively captured. The upper section of the tower 20 is usually subject to greater wind force, and its load cycle number has a direct impact on the fatigue life of the entire tower 20. Therefore, monitoring at this position can timely record the load changes of the tower 20 under different wind speeds and operating conditions, providing important data support for subsequent fatigue analysis. By obtaining these cycle times in real time, the fatigue condition of the tower 20 can be predicted, thereby providing a scientific basis for the maintenance and overhaul of the tower 20 and reducing the risk of accidents.

[0079] If the load cycle monitoring module of the tower 20 is installed in the middle section of the tower 20, it can prevent vibration interference caused by the height of the tower 20, and monitor the load changes of the tower 20 under normal working conditions. It ensures that the load cycle monitoring module of the tower 20 can accurately capture the relationship between the load cycle number and the actual load, so as to better evaluate the health status of the tower 20.

[0080] Please continue reading Figures 1 to 3 , and see Figure 4 The present invention further proposes a wind turbine tower health monitoring method, which uses the wind turbine tower health monitoring system as described above. The wind turbine tower health monitoring method includes:

[0081] Step S10: obtaining the current material yield strength of the tower 20 according to the wind force value;

[0082] Step S20, obtaining the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower 20 according to the current load value of the tower 20;

[0083] Step S30, obtaining fatigue damage accumulation of the tower 20 according to the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower 20 and the current load cycle number of the tower 20;

[0084] Step S40: monitoring the health of the tower 20 of the wind turbine generator set according to the current material yield strength of the tower 20 and the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower 20.

[0085] Specifically, the execution body of step S10 is the wind monitoring module 100. The wind monitoring module 100 is installed at the leading edge of the blade 10 of the wind turbine generator set, and the wind monitoring module 100 collects the wind value of the surrounding environment in real time. The monitoring system calculates the wind load on the tower 20 by combining with meteorological data, and evaluates the current material yield strength of the tower 20.

[0086] The execution subject of step S20 is the load monitoring module of the tower 20. The load monitoring module of the tower 20 is installed in the middle section of the tower 20, and monitors the load borne by the tower 20 in real time through sensors. The load monitoring module of the tower 20 uses a preset fatigue limit model to convert the current load value of the tower 20 into the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower 20. The load monitoring module of the tower 20 combines the historical load data with the current monitoring data, dynamically updates the estimated value of the fatigue limit cycle number, and stores it in the data processing module 400.

[0087] The execution subject of step S30 is the load cycle monitoring module of the tower 20. The load cycle monitoring module of the tower 20 is installed at the upper section or the middle section of the tower 20 corresponding to the position of the load monitoring module of the tower 20, and obtains the current load cycle number of the tower 20 in real time. The data processing module 400 compares the fatigue limit cycle number with the current load cycle number, calculates the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower 20, so as to judge the structural safety of the tower 20.

[0088] The execution body of step S40 is the data processing module 400 . The data processing module 400 performs a comprehensive analysis on the results obtained from step S10 to step S30 to evaluate the overall health of the tower 20 .

[0089] More specifically, as an exemplary illustration, in a certain wind farm, the wind monitoring module 100 installed at the leading edge of the blade 10 first obtains the current wind speed of 12 m / s, and after calculation, it is concluded that the wind load of the tower 20 at this wind speed is 2.5 tons. Through material mechanics calculation, the monitoring system evaluates that the yield strength of the current material is 50 MPa.

[0090] Next, the load monitoring module of the tower 20 in the middle section of the tower 20 monitors in real time that the actual load borne by the tower 20 is 2 tons. The data processing module 400 calculates the fatigue limit cycle number as 20,000 times through the fatigue limit model. At the same time, the load cycle number monitoring module of the tower 20 in the upper section of the tower 20 records that the current load cycle number is 15,000 times. The data processing module 400 compares these two values ​​and deduces that the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower 20 is 75%.

[0091] After comprehensive analysis, the data processing module 400 finds that the material yield strength of the tower 20 is still within a safe range, but because the fatigue damage is close to the warning value, the data processing module 400 promptly issues an alarm to remind the maintenance team to conduct further inspection of the tower 20.

[0092] This embodiment effectively evaluates the health of the tower 20 through real-time monitoring and analysis of the wind turbine tower 20, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the wind turbine and reducing potential failure risks. The implementation of this method not only optimizes the maintenance management process of the wind turbine tower 20, but also provides a basis for extending the service life of the wind turbine.

[0093] It should be understood that the present method for monitoring the health of the tower 20 of a wind turbine generator set applies the health monitoring system for the tower 20 of a wind turbine generator set as described above. The specific structure of the health monitoring system for the tower 20 of a wind turbine generator set refers to the above-mentioned embodiment. Since the present method for monitoring the health of the tower 20 of a wind turbine generator set adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0094] Please continue reading Figure 4 , and see Figure 5 In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining the current material yield strength of the tower 20 according to the wind force value includes:

[0095] Step S11, obtaining the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower 20;

[0096] Step S12: according to the wind force value and the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower 20, using Formula 1 to obtain the current stress value of the tower 20;

[0097] Step S13, comparing the current stress value of the tower 20 with the preset material yield strength value of the tower 20 to obtain the current material yield strength of the tower 20;

[0098] The formula 1 is:

[0099]

[0100] Wherein, σ is the current stress value of the tower 20 , F is the wind force value, and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower 20 .

[0101] Specifically, in step S11, the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower 20 is determined by the design parameters of the tower 20, and the data processing module 400 obtains the parameters through the pre-stored design data of the tower 20. This step ensures that the subsequent stress calculation has an accurate basis 30.

[0102] In step S12, the data processing module 400 substitutes the wind force value collected in real time into the formula 1 to calculate the current stress value of the tower 20, which can reflect the external wind force acting on the tower 20, thereby providing a basis for subsequent safety assessment.

[0103] In step S13, the data processing module 400 compares the current stress value calculated in step S12 with the preset material yield strength value. If the current stress value is less than the preset material yield strength value, it indicates that the tower 20 is within a safe range; conversely, if the current stress value exceeds the preset material yield strength value, it indicates that the tower body of the tower 20 may be at risk of damage or failure.

[0104] In an embodiment of the present invention, before the step of obtaining the number of fatigue limit cycles of the tower 20 according to the current load value of the tower 20, the health monitoring method of the wind turbine tower 20 includes:

[0105] Step A10, corresponding to the current load cycle number of the tower 20, obtaining the current load value of the tower 20 multiple times to obtain a current load value group of the tower 20;

[0106] Step A20, obtaining a current load representative value of the tower 20 according to the current load value group of the tower 20;

[0107] Step A30 : taking the current load representative value of the tower 20 as the current load value of the tower 20 .

[0108] Specifically, the execution body of step A10 is the data processing module 400. The data processing module 400 will repeatedly obtain the current load value of the tower 20 within a certain time interval to ensure the accuracy and stability of the data. Multiple current load values ​​within a certain time interval form a data group, namely the current load value group, to reflect the current load value group of the tower 20 at different time points.

[0109] The execution body of step A20 is the data processing module 400. The data processing module 400 performs data processing on the current load value group obtained in step A10, such as taking the average value or the median, to determine a current representative load value. The current load representative value can more accurately reflect the actual working state of the tower 20 and eliminate the influence of instantaneous fluctuations.

[0110] The execution body of step A30 is the data processing module 400. The data processing module 400 identifies the current load representative value calculated in step A20 as the current load value of the tower 20. This value will be used for subsequent fatigue limit cycle calculations to ensure data accuracy and reliability during the monitoring process.

[0111] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining the current load representative value of the tower 20 according to the current load value group of the tower 20 includes:

[0112] Step A21, taking the average value of the current load value group as the current load representative value of the tower 20; or,

[0113] Step B21, taking the median of the current load value group as the current load representative value of the tower 20; or,

[0114] Step C21: taking the mode of the current load value group as the current load representative value of the tower 20.

[0115] Specifically, the execution body of step A21 is the data processing module 400 . The data processing module 400 uses the average value of the current load value group as the current load representative value of the tower 20 .

[0116] The execution body of step B21 is the data processing module 400. The data processing module 400 uses the median of the current load value group as the current load representative value of the tower 20. The data processing module 400 sorts the current load value group according to the numerical value and selects the middle value as the current load representative value. When the number of elements in the load value group is an even number, the average of the two middle values ​​is taken.

[0117] The execution body of step C21 is the data processing module 400. The data processing module 400 identifies the value with the most occurrences in the current load value group as the current load representative value. If there are multiple modes, one of them can be selected as the current load representative value.

[0118] More specifically, the average value of the current load value group in step A21 can reduce the influence of extreme values, so that when there is an occasional high load or low load situation, it will not cause excessive fluctuations in the result. The calculation method is simple and clear, easy to implement, can quickly obtain results, is suitable for real-time monitoring, and takes into account all data collection points, can more comprehensively reflect the load condition of the tower 20, and is suitable for use when the load data is relatively evenly distributed.

[0119] The median of the current load value group in step B21 is not affected by extreme values, and can effectively reduce the impact of abnormal values ​​(e.g., instantaneous high load or low load) on the results, so it is more reliable when there is noise or abnormality in the data. The median can better represent the center position of the data, especially in the case of asymmetric data distribution, and can provide a more accurate representative value of the load. The median is still valid when the data distribution is uneven, and is suitable for load data with skewed distribution.

[0120] The mode of the current load value group in step C21 is the value that appears most frequently in the data set, which can effectively reflect the typical load condition that the tower 20 bears most of the time. In some cases, the load of the wind turbine generator set may show a specific periodic or frequent pattern, and the use of the mode can better describe these conditions. The calculation method of the mode is simple, does not involve complex statistical models, is easy to understand and apply, and is suitable for rapid evaluation of load status.

[0121] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower 20 according to the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower 20 and the current load cycle number of the tower 20 includes:

[0122] Step S31, according to the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower 20 and the current load cycle number of the tower 20, using Formula 2 to obtain the fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower 20;

[0123] Step S32: Obtain the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower 20 according to the fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower 20; the formula 2 is:

[0124]

[0125] Wherein, D is the cumulative value of fatigue damage of the tower 20, n i is the current load cycle number of the tower 20, N i is the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower 20.

[0126] It should be noted that fatigue limit refers to the maximum stress value that a material can withstand under cyclic loading without fatigue failure. The number of cycles to fatigue limit (also known as the end point of the SN curve) refers to the number of cycles that a material can withstand under a specific stress level.

[0127] Specifically, the formula 2 in step S31 can clearly compare the current load cycle number with the fatigue limit cycle number, and can intuitively reflect the fatigue degree of the tower 20. The fatigue damage accumulation value obtained by calculation is between 0 and 1, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to quickly evaluate the fatigue state of the tower 20. If it is close to 1, it means that the fatigue damage of the tower 20 is close to the limit and needs to be repaired.

[0128] The execution subject of step S32 is the data processing module 400. The data processing module 400 sets a warning threshold. For example, if it exceeds 0.7, it can be considered that the fatigue damage of the tower 20 is in a warning state; if it reaches or exceeds 1, it means that the tower 20 has reached the fatigue limit and immediate measures need to be taken. In addition, according to different ranges of fatigue damage accumulation values, the fatigue damage of the tower 20 can be divided into multiple levels (such as safety, warning, and danger), and different warning information can be output accordingly.

[0129] More specifically, step S31 provides a simple and effective method to quantify the fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower 20, so that the monitoring system can track the fatigue state of the tower 20 in real time. Step S32 helps maintenance personnel to understand the health of the tower 20 in a timely manner through the evaluation of the fatigue damage accumulation value, so as to make corresponding maintenance decisions and ensure the safety and operating efficiency of the wind turbine. Such a monitoring and analysis process is of great significance for extending the service life of the equipment and reducing the risk of failure.

[0130] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of monitoring the health of the tower 20 of the wind turbine generator set according to the current material yield strength of the tower 20 and the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower 20 includes:

[0131] Step S41: If the current stress value of the tower 20 is less than the preset material yield strength value of the tower 20, the current material yield strength of the tower 20 is healthy;

[0132] Step S42: If the fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower 20 is less than a preset value, the fatigue damage accumulation condition of the tower 20 is healthy.

[0133] Specifically, the executor of step S41 is the data processing module 400. The data processing module 400 compares the current stress value calculated in real time with the preset material yield strength value. If the current stress value is less than the material yield strength value, it means that the tower 20 is within the normal working range and does not exceed the bearing capacity of the material. In this case, the data processing module 400 can mark the current material yield strength of the tower 20 as "healthy" and record the status for subsequent analysis and maintenance decisions. If the data processing module 400 finds that the current stress value is close to or exceeds the material yield strength value, it will trigger an alarm to remind maintenance personnel to check to prevent potential structural failure.

[0134] The executor of step S42 is the data processing module 400. The data processing module 400 compares the calculated fatigue damage accumulation value with the preset fatigue damage threshold. If the current fatigue damage accumulation value is lower than the set warning value (for example, 0.7), it means that the fatigue state of the tower 20 is still within a safe range. In this case, the data processing module 400 marks the fatigue damage accumulation status of the tower 20 as "healthy" and records this status for future reference. If it is found that the fatigue damage accumulation value is close to or exceeds the preset value, the system will issue an alarm, indicating that further inspection and maintenance of the tower 20 is required.

[0135] For ease of understanding, a specific implementation is shown here:

[0136] In a certain wind farm, the basic parameters of the tower 20 are: the height of the tower 20 is 80 meters, the diameter R is 4 meters, the material of the tower 20 is steel, and the air density is 1.225 kg / m 3 , the wind speed is 12m / s, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower 20 is The wind force value F obtained by the wind force monitoring module 100 is 100000 N. The current load value of the tower 20 obtained by the tower 20 load monitoring module is 60 kN. The data processing module 400 obtains the fatigue limit cycle number N of the tower 20 according to the current load value of the tower 20 and the SN curve (stress-life curve) of the material of the tower 20. i The load cycle monitoring module of the tower 20 obtains the current load cycle number n of the tower 20. i 5000 times.

[0137] Steps S10 to S40 are executed to obtain the current stress value of the tower 20 according to the wind force value and the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower 20 using Formula 1:

[0138] The fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower 20 is obtained by using the formula 2:

[0139] The current stress value of the tower 20 is about 7958Pa, and the safety standard of stress depends on the yield strength of the material. For general steel, the yield strength is usually between 250,000 and 400,000Pa (i.e., 250MPa to 400MPa). Since the current stress value of the tower 20 is much lower than the yield strength of steel, it means that the current stress level of the tower 20 is within a safe range and can withstand the applied load without material yield or damage. The fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower 20 is 0.1. The current fatigue damage accumulation value of 0.1 for the tower 20 indicates that the tower 20 still has 90% of the remaining load-bearing capacity after 5,000 load cycles, indicating that the tower 20 can still operate safely within the expected service life.

[0140] Through the above analysis, the health monitoring results of the tower 20 indicate that the tower 20 is in good condition in terms of stress, fatigue damage and life, and has a relatively long safe service life.

[0141] It should be noted that the calculated fatigue damage value of 0.1 means that after enduring 5,000 load cycles of 60 kN, the tower 20 has experienced fatigue damage equivalent to 10%, indicating that the tower 20 still has 90% of remaining fatigue life. This is very important for maintenance decisions and safety assessments.

[0142] It should be understood that since the current load value of the tower 20 has different amplitudes (sizes), the fatigue life of the material is also affected differently. Each different current load value of the tower 20 will have a different number of fatigue limit cycles N. i , N i It is determined based on material properties and stress levels. For the current load value of the tower 20 of 60 kN in this exemplary embodiment, that is, in each load cycle of the current load cycle of the tower 20, the tower 20 bears the current load value of the tower 20 of 60 kN, and the corresponding fatigue limit cycle number can be found through the SN curve (stress-life curve) of the material.

[0143] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine tower health monitoring system, characterized in that: include: A wind monitoring module, which is arranged on the blades of the wind turbine generator set and is used to obtain wind force values; A tower load monitoring module, which is disposed in the tower and is used to obtain a current load value of the tower; A tower load cycle monitoring module, which is arranged at the tower corresponding to the position of the tower load monitoring module and is used to obtain the current load cycle number of the tower; The data processing module, the wind monitoring module, the tower load monitoring module and the tower load cycle monitoring module are all electrically connected to the data processing module.

2. The wind turbine tower health monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind monitoring module is installed on the leading edge of the blade or the root of the blade.

3. The wind turbine tower health monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower load monitoring module is installed at the middle section of the tower and / or at the connection between the tower and the foundation.

4. The wind turbine tower health monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower load cycle monitoring module is installed at the upper section and / or the middle section of the tower corresponding to the position of the tower load monitoring module.

5. A wind turbine tower health monitoring method, characterized in that: The wind turbine tower health monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is applied, and the wind turbine tower health monitoring method comprises: According to the wind force value, obtaining the current material yield strength of the tower; According to the current load value of the tower, the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower is obtained; Obtaining fatigue damage accumulation of the tower according to the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower and the current load cycle number of the tower; The health condition of the tower of the wind turbine generator set is monitored according to the current material yield strength of the tower and the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower.

6. The wind turbine tower health monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the current material yield strength of the tower according to the wind force value comprises: Obtaining the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower; According to the wind force value and the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower, the current stress value of the tower is obtained by using Formula 1; Comparing the current stress value of the tower with the preset material yield strength value of the tower to obtain the current material yield strength of the tower; The formula 1 is: Wherein, σ is the current stress value of the tower, F is the wind force value, and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the tower.

7. The wind turbine tower health monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before the step of obtaining the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower according to the current load value of the tower, the wind turbine generator set tower health monitoring method includes: Corresponding to the current load cycle number of the tower, the current load value of the tower is obtained multiple times to obtain a current load value group of the tower; According to the current load value group of the tower, obtaining a current load representative value of the tower; The current load representative value of the tower is used as the current load value of the tower.

8. The wind turbine tower health monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the current load representative value of the tower according to the current load value group of the tower comprises: The average value of the current load value group is used as the representative value of the current load of the tower; or, The median of the current load value group is used as the representative value of the current load of the tower; or, The mode of the current load value group is used as the representative value of the current load of the tower.

9. The wind turbine tower health monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower according to the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower and the current load cycle number of the tower comprises: According to the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower and the current load cycle number of the tower, the fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower is obtained by using Formula 2; Obtaining fatigue damage accumulation of the tower according to the fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower; The formula 2 is: Where D is the cumulative value of fatigue damage of the tower, n i is the current load cycle number of the tower, N i is the fatigue limit cycle number of the tower.

10. The wind turbine tower health monitoring method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of monitoring the health of the tower of the wind turbine generator set according to the current material yield strength of the tower and the fatigue damage accumulation of the tower comprises: If the current stress value of the tower is less than the preset material yield strength value of the tower, the current material yield strength of the tower is healthy; If the fatigue damage accumulation value of the tower is less than a preset value, the fatigue damage accumulation condition of the tower is healthy.

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