Design method for simulating motorcycle engine crankshaft position signal based on six pairs of motor poles

Abstract

A design method for simulating the crankshaft position signal of a motorcycle engine based on six pairs of motor poles comprises: a first step of setting a Hall sensor: one pair of the six pairs of motor poles is extended along the axial direction of the crankshaft to form a pair of special-shaped poles, corresponding to the six pairs of N and S poles, three phase Hall sensors are arranged at adjacent intervals around the motor stator, and corresponding to the pair of special-shaped poles, a special-pole Hall sensor is arranged around the motor stator adjacent to one of the phase Hall sensors, and both the phase Hall sensor and the special-pole Hall sensor are bipolar latch Hall sensors; a second step of selecting a Hall signal: the three phase Hall sensors output three phase Hall signals respectively, and the special-pole Hall sensor outputs a position Hall signal; a third step of processing the Hall signal: the three phase Hall signals and the position Hall signal are used to obtain a corresponding logic circuit or software program through a logic expression to generate a simulated crankshaft position signal with a gap.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention primarily relates to the field of operation control for motorcycles equipped with an integrated starter generator (ISG) system. Specifically, the invention utilizes specific magnet inlaying rules on the motorcycle motor rotor to simulate the engine crankshaft position signal collected by the Hall effect sensor, which enables the fuel injection control unit (FI-ECU) to accurately calculate the injection and ignition timings, thereby controlling the efficient operation of the engine. Background Art

[0002] When a motorcycle engine is running, it uses the engine crankshaft position signal to calculate the current crankshaft position and engine speed, thereby accurately determining the timing of fuel injection and ignition. Currently, most motorcycles equipped with an integrated starter generator (ISG) system on the market use a magnetic induction trigger mounted on the outside of the motor rotor to sense the specific boss structures on the rotor. This generates a boss signal (a boss structure consisting of a number of rectangular bosses evenly distributed on the rotor's outer surface, with one or two bosses removed at specific locations to form a gap. The gaps allow the rotor position corresponding to each boss signal within a circle to be determined). This boss signal is then transmitted to the electronic fuel injection control unit (FI-ECU) to determine the timing of fuel injection and ignition, and calculate engine speed. This method not only requires the addition of a circle of bosses on the outside of the motor rotor, but also requires the installation of a larger magnetic induction trigger on the outside, close to the bosses.

[0003] The existing method of obtaining the crankshaft position signal (i.e., the boss signal) increases the manufacturing cost and installation process of the motor. At the same time, the magnetic induction trigger installed on the outside of the motor rotor is more susceptible to damage, which poses a hidden danger to the reliable operation of the engine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a design method for simulating motorcycle engine crankshaft position signals based on six pairs of motor magnetic poles. This method, designed to acquire crankshaft position signals, simplifies motor manufacturing, reduces costs, and improves engine operation reliability. Specifically, based on a stator equipped with three Hall sensors, the magnet structure at specific locations on the motor rotor, which are at a fixed angle to the engine crankshaft, is modified to form a special-shaped magnet. A new Hall sensor is added to the existing three Hall sensors to detect the special-shaped magnet. The method then processes the four collected Hall signals to generate a simulated crankshaft position signal. The electronic fuel injection (FI-ECU) uses this simulated crankshaft position signal to determine injection and ignition timing, calculate engine speed, and control efficient and reliable engine operation.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0006] A design method for simulating motorcycle engine crankshaft position signals based on six pairs of motor poles includes the following steps:

[0007] The first step is to set up the Hall sensors: one of the six pairs of motor poles is extended along the crankshaft axis to form a pair of special-shaped poles. Corresponding to the six pairs of N and S poles, three phase Hall sensors are adjacently spaced around the motor stator. Corresponding to the pair of special-shaped poles, a special-pole Hall sensor is also provided adjacent to one of the phase Hall sensors around the motor stator. Both the phase Hall sensor and the special-pole Hall sensor are bipolar latch-type Hall sensors.

[0008] The second step is Hall signal selection: when the rotor rotates one circle, the three phase Hall sensors respectively output three phase Hall signals (U, V, W), and the different magnetic pole Hall sensor outputs a position Hall signal (PCB). The three phase Hall signals (U, V, W) have 12 high and low level states respectively, and the position Hall signal (PCB) has 2 high and low level states;

[0009] The third step is Hall signal processing: the three phase Hall signals (U, V, W) and the position Hall signal (PCB) are expressed through logic to obtain the corresponding logic circuit or software program to generate a simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS) with a notch.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention:

[0011] In the third step of Hall signal processing: when the notch type of the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS) is 12-1 and the high-low level ratio is 2:1, the corresponding logic circuit or software program is obtained through the logical expression CPS = (U⊕V)·PCB' to generate the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS).

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention:

[0013] In the third step of Hall signal processing: when the notch type of the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS) is 24-2 and the high-low level ratio is 2:1, the corresponding logic circuit or software program is obtained through the logical expression Y2 = (U⊕V)·PCB', CPS = double the frequency of Y2 to generate the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS).

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention:

[0015] In the third step of Hall signal processing: when the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS) has a notch type of 36-2 and a high-low level ratio of 1:1, the logical expression

[0016] Y2=((U'·V·W)+(U·V'·W)+(U·V·W'))·((W·PCB)'), CPS=double the frequency of Y2 to obtain the corresponding logic circuit or software program to generate the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS).

[0017] The beneficial technical effect of the present invention is: based on the design method of simulating the crankshaft position signal of a motorcycle engine with six pairs of motor poles, three phase Hall signals are obtained through the three phase Hall sensors, and the position Hall signal is obtained through the different magnetic pole Hall sensor. The three phase Hall signals and the position Hall signal are processed by a corresponding logic circuit or software program to generate the simulated crankshaft position signal for determining the position of the engine crankshaft. Furthermore, through this design method, a crankshaft position signal with a notch type of 12-1 and a high-low level ratio of 2:1 can be simulated, a crankshaft position signal with a notch type of 24-2 and a high-low level ratio of 2:1 can also be simulated, and a crankshaft position signal with a notch type of 36-2 and a high-low level ratio of 1:1 can also be simulated, which facilitates subsequent control operation of the engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a signal conversion diagram of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the logic circuit of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a signal conversion diagram of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the logic circuit of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a signal conversion diagram of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the logic circuit of Example 3 of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the following statements are made accordingly:

[0025] A design method for simulating motorcycle engine crankshaft position signals based on six pairs of motor poles includes the following steps:

[0026] The first step is to set up the Hall sensors: one of the six pairs of motor poles is extended along the crankshaft axis to form a pair of special-shaped poles. Corresponding to the six pairs of N and S poles, three phase Hall sensors are adjacently spaced around the circumference of the motor stator. Corresponding to the pair of special-shaped poles, a special-pole Hall sensor is also provided adjacent to one of the phase Hall sensors around the circumference of the motor stator. Both the phase Hall sensor and the special-pole Hall sensor are bipolar latch-type Hall sensors. To facilitate more efficient installation of the Hall sensors and achieve electrical connection, the three phase Hall sensors are respectively located in adjacent winding slots in the motor stator, and the special-pole Hall sensor is located in a winding slot with the same phase as any of the three phase Hall sensors.

[0027] The second step is Hall signal selection: when the rotor rotates one circle, the three phase Hall sensors respectively output three phase Hall signals (U, V, W), and the different magnetic pole Hall sensor outputs a position Hall signal (PCB). The three phase Hall signals (U, V, W) have 12 high and low level states respectively, and the position Hall signal (PCB) has 2 high and low level states;

[0028] The third step is Hall signal processing: the three phase Hall signals (U, V, W) and the position Hall signal (PCB) are expressed through logic to obtain the corresponding logic circuit or software program to generate a simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS) with a notch.

[0029] For a given motor with six magnet pairs, the three-phase Hall signals collected during actual operation form six Hall combination states with the other two Hall signals within each complete high-low level cycle (i.e., the Hall sensor passes through a pair of adjacent magnet north and south poles). During one rotation of the rotor, 36 level states (i.e., 18 cycle signals) are generated. Simultaneously, the position Hall signal (hereinafter referred to as the PCB signal) collected by the newly added Hall sensor at the opposite magnetic pole is logically operated with the three-phase Hall signals to ultimately generate a notched crankshaft position signal (hereinafter referred to as the CPS signal).

[0030] The number of pole pairs of the ISG motor magnet of a motorcycle is 6, and the corresponding CPS signal types include 12-1, 24-2, 36-2, etc. (36-2 means that when the rotor rotates one circle, 36 periodic signals appear in the CPS signal, and the levels of two adjacent same-level states are reversed, and so on). The following is a detailed description of each embodiment:

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] The motor rotor has 6 pairs of magnetic poles and needs to generate a 12-1 type CPS signal. When the rotor rotates one circle, the three-phase Hall signal (U, V, W) forms 12 level states (36 Hall combination states). When the high and low level ratio is 2:1, 12 periodic signals can be obtained through the 36 Hall combination states. Then, by inverting one of the level states, a 12-1 CPS signal can be obtained. The specific signal conversion is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0033] Based on the three-phase Hall signal (U, V, W) and the position Hall signal (PCB), the corresponding logic circuit (such as Figure 2 ) or software program, you can generate a 12-1 type CPS signal, and Figure 1 and Figure 2 In which X=U⊕V, Y=PCB'.

[0034] Example 2:

[0035] The motor rotor has 6 pairs of magnetic poles. The notch position type of the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS) is 24-2. Based on Example 1, a double frequency process is performed to obtain a 24-2 type CPS signal. The specific signal conversion is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0036] Through the logical expression: Y2=(U⊕V)·PCB', and CPS= Y2 double frequency processing, the corresponding logic circuit is designed (such as Figure 4 ) or software program, a 24-2 type CPS signal can be generated, and Figure 3 and Figure 4 Where X=U⊕V, Y1=PCB'.

[0037] Example 3:

[0038] The motor rotor has 6 pairs of magnetic poles and needs to generate a 36-2 type CPS signal. When the rotor rotates one circle, the three-phase Hall signal (U, V, W) forms 12 level states (36 Hall combination states). When the high and low level ratio is 1:1, 18 periodic signals can be obtained through the 36 Hall combination states. Inverting one of the level states can obtain an 18-1 signal Y2. Then, by doubling the frequency of signal Y2, a 36-2 type CPS signal can be obtained. The specific signal conversion is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0039] Through the logical expression: Y2=(U'·V·W)+(U·V'·W)+(U·V·W')·(W·PCB)', and CPS= double frequency processing of Y2, the corresponding logic circuit is designed (such as Figure 6 ) or software program, a 24-2 type CPS signal can be generated, and Figure 5 and Figure 6 In Y1=(U'·V·W)+(U·V'·W)+(U·V·W'), X=W·PCB.

[0040] In summary, the Hall signals obtained based on the four Hall sensors can accurately simulate the engine crankshaft position signal. Using this solution can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost of the motor, shrink the motor installation space, reduce the installation process, and improve the reliability of engine operation.

Claims

1. A design method for simulating the crankshaft position signal of a motorcycle engine based on six pairs of motor poles, characterized in that: The steps include: The first step is to set up the Hall sensor: one pair of the six pairs of motor poles is extended along the crankshaft axis to form a pair of special-shaped poles. Corresponding to the six pairs of N and S poles, three phase Hall sensors are arranged at adjacent intervals around the motor stator. Corresponding to the pair of special-shaped poles, a special-pole Hall sensor is arranged adjacent to one of the phase Hall sensors around the motor stator. Both the phase Hall sensor and the special-pole Hall sensor are bipolar latch Hall sensors. The second step is the selection of the Hall signal: when the rotor rotates one circle, the three phase Hall sensors respectively output three phase Hall signals (U, V, W), and the different magnetic pole Hall sensor outputs a position Hall signal (PCB), the three phase Hall signals (U, V, W) respectively have 12 high and low level states, and the position Hall signal (PCB) has 2 high and low level states; The third step is Hall signal processing: the three phase Hall signals (U, V, W) and the position Hall signal (PCB) are expressed through logic to obtain the corresponding logic circuit or software program to generate a simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS) with a notch.

2. The design method for simulating the crankshaft position signal of a motorcycle engine based on six pairs of motor poles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the third step of Hall signal processing: when the notch type of the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS) is 12-1 and the high-low level ratio is 2:1, the corresponding logic circuit or software program is obtained through the logical expression CPS=(U⊕V)·PCB' to generate the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS).

3. The design method for simulating engine crankshaft position signal based on a motorcycle six-pole motor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the third step of Hall signal processing: when the notch type of the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS) is 24-2 and the high-low level ratio is 2:1, the corresponding logic circuit or software program is obtained through the logical expression Y2=(U⊕V)·PCB', CPS=double the frequency of Y2 to generate the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS).

4. The design method for simulating the crankshaft position signal of a motorcycle engine based on six pairs of motor poles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the third step of Hall signal processing: when the notch type of the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS) is 36-2 and the high and low level ratio is 1:1, through the logical expression Y2 = ((U'·V·W)+(U·V'·W)+(U·V·W'))·((W·PCB)'), CPS = double the frequency of Y2, the corresponding logic circuit or software program is obtained to generate the simulated crankshaft position signal (CPS).

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