A tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell

Abstract

A tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell, using an axial positioning method to detect the shell's straightness, circular runout, coaxiality and end face verticality. The workpiece is mounted on the first positioning conical shaft and the second positioning conical shaft of the detection tool and axially clamped. Two cones are used to match the apertures at both ends of the cylindrical workpiece, respectively, and the workpiece axis automatically coincides with the connecting center line of the two cones, so that the measurement reference and the design positioning reference coincide. The right end cone is pushed to clamp the workpiece by the pressure of the spring, and the workpiece rotates freely under the clamping state. The measuring table frame is installed on the slider seat of the high-precision rolling linear guide pair, and the linear movement of the measuring table frame can be realized. The present invention can measure the runout of any position of the outer contour feature of the cylindrical shell, thereby reflecting the shape and position tolerances of the workpiece measurement part, such as coaxiality, roundness, cylindricity, verticality, flatness, straightness, etc. The operation process is convenient and suitable for batch detection at the production site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing measurement, in particular to a tool used for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell.

[0002] The present invention is suitable for measuring the outer contour form and position tolerance of cylindrical parts based on the inner or outer circles at both ends, and is particularly suitable for batch inspection of parts and components of missile and rocket products. It can quickly measure the outer circle runout, step end face runout and outer circle straightness of the product. Background Art

[0003] With the rapid development of domestic and international trade, there is a great demand for a small thin-walled cylindrical shell for special purposes. Each shell needs to be fully inspected for geometric dimensions, which is a huge workload. The form and position tolerance inspection of the shell is a very important indicator, and the data of this indicator will affect the working accuracy of the product. In the past, the form and position tolerance inspection of the cylindrical shell was completed on a three-coordinate measuring machine. The operation was relatively complicated, the inspection cost was very high, the inspection efficiency was low, and the requirements for operators were also high. Due to the large batch size of products and low inspection efficiency, the products also need to be repeatedly turned over, and the auxiliary work time is also long, which seriously restricts the production rhythm. Therefore, developing inspection tooling and realizing online inspection has become an effective way to solve the problem.

[0004] A roundness detection device is disclosed in the invention patent with publication number CN 220145778 U. The specific operation is to clamp one end of the workpiece and detect the roundness of the workpiece by controlling the rotation of the motor. The detection component can adjust the position horizontally or vertically to realize the roundness detection of different size positions on the workpiece to be detected. However, for long cylindrical workpieces, due to their own weight and straightness, it is difficult to perform full coverage detection of the roundness in the length direction.

[0005] An invention patent with publication number CN 117091551 A discloses an automatic detection device for bearing inner rings and bearing outer rings. The invention realizes the alternating loading of bearing inner rings and bearing outer rings, and completes synchronous height detection, roundness detection, and inner and outer wall defect detection of bearing inner rings and bearing outer rings. The parts detected in the invention are small workpieces with an aspect ratio of less than 1.

[0006] In the invention patent with application publication number CN 115164690 A, a large-scale titanium cylinder measuring workbench is disclosed, which can measure the straightness and ovality of titanium cylinders. The invention mainly measures the maximum outer diameter difference on the cylinder section through a measuring mechanism and a bracket mechanism installed in a cross structure. A single person can easily and accurately complete the data measurement, which can be used for the straightness and ovality measurement of titanium cylinders, a key component of high-end copper foil product manufacturing equipment.

[0007] In the invention patent with the authorization publication number CN 105203005 B, a cylindrical part outer contour shape and position tolerance measuring instrument is disclosed. Its features include a positioning device, a first measuring device, a second measuring device and a base. The invention belongs to the field of measuring instruments and is suitable for measuring the outer contour shape position of cylindrical parts based on the inner hole.

[0008] A cylinder roundness detection device is disclosed in the utility model patent with the authorization publication number CN 213147670 U. The movable plate of the utility model is slidably connected to the frame through a sliding assembly, and a positioning through hole with a coincident central axis is opened in the middle of the movable plate and the fixed plate, so that the staff can quickly disassemble or install the cylinder. As the motor drives the cylinder to rotate at a constant speed, the dial indicator can intuitively display the roundness of the cylinder, thereby greatly improving the detection efficiency of the cylinder roundness.

[0009] In the utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN 218628095 U, the utility model relates to the field of measuring tool technology, specifically a tool for measuring the roundness of a conical cylinder. The utility model solves the problem that the taper of the existing conical cylinder is difficult to measure after processing, and develops a measuring tool that is simple and convenient to use, and solves the problem that the taper and roundness of the conical container in various dimensions can be effectively measured and controlled; the measuring method is simple and convenient, and the work efficiency is improved. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing detection means in the technology, such as complex operation, high cost, low efficiency, high workpiece turnover frequency, and failure to meet the requirements of mass product detection, the present invention proposes a tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell.

[0011] The present invention includes a tooling base, a support, a positioning tapered shaft, a digital display measuring meter, a rolling linear guide pair and a fork assembly. There are two supports, namely a first support and a second support; the two supports are respectively located at the two ends of the upper surface of the tooling base; there are two positioning tapered shafts, namely a first positioning tapered shaft and a second positioning tapered shaft, and the first positioning tapered shaft is installed on the first support through a pair of radial rolling bearings, and the second positioning tapered shaft is also installed on the second support through a pair of radial rolling bearings. The fork assembly includes a fork support rod, a fork slider and a fork handle. The fork support rod is installed on the second support; one end of the fork support rod is hinged to the fork handle through a latch shaft; the slide groove at one end of the fork handle is sleeved on the slide column of the fork slider.

[0012] The rolling linear guide pair is fixed to one side of the upper surface of the tooling base; the digital display measuring meter is installed above the rolling linear guide slider seat (8) via a support rod.

[0013] The upper surface of the tooling base is provided with a support moving slideway, through which the distance between the first support and the second support can be adjusted to meet the measurement of workpieces of different specifications. A rolling linear guide rail mounting surface is provided on one side of the upper surface of the tooling base, and the rolling linear guide rail is fixed to the tooling base by guide rail screws.

[0014] The distance between the first support and the second support is determined according to the length of the workpiece to be measured.

[0015] When installing the fork assembly, the fork positioning sleeve, the fork slider and the fork limiting ring are sequentially mounted on the second positioning tapered shaft from the inside to the outside, and the outer circumferential surface of the inner end of the fork positioning sleeve is fitted with the inner circumferential surface of the second bearing end cover; the fork positioning sleeve and the fork slider are both clearance-matched with the second positioning tapered shaft; the fork limiting ring is fixedly connected to the second positioning tapered shaft.

[0016] The first positioning tapered shaft comprises a shaft, a sleeve, a pair of radial rolling bearings and a positioning cone. One end of the shaft is a cone section. The pair of radial rolling bearings are sleeved on the shaft; the sleeve is located between the two radial rolling bearings. The positioning cone is sleeved on the cone section at one end of the shaft in a tight fit. The shape of the positioning cone is adapted to the mating surface of the workpiece.

[0017] The second positioning cone shaft comprises a shaft, a pair of radial rolling bearings, a sleeve and a spring. One end of the shaft is a positioning cone; the pair of radial rolling bearings are sleeved on the shaft; the sleeve is located between the two radial rolling bearings. A spring and a spring stopper sleeve are sleeved between the radial rolling bearing and the positioning cone. The shape of the positioning cone at one end of the shaft is adapted to the mating surface of the workpiece.

[0018] The conical surfaces of the first positioning conical axis and the second positioning conical axis are both working surfaces. The length of the horizontal projection of the conical surface is 150 mm; and the conical angle of the conical surface is 60°.

[0019] In the fork assembly, the upper end of the fork handle is in the shape of a groove, and the spacing between the inner surfaces of the two side plates of the groove is adapted to the outer dimensions of the fork slider; the symmetrical two side surfaces of the fork slider are provided with protruding slide columns, and each slide column is respectively embedded in the strip slide groove located at the upper end of the fork handle on that side. A fork support rod is mounted on the fork handle, and the fork support rod is located below the groove; the fork support rod is hinged to the fork support rod through a latch shaft, and the center line of the latch shaft is perpendicular to the center line perpendicular to the width direction of the fork handle. There is a through axial hole for installing the shaft at the geometric center of the fork slider, and the center line of the axial hole is perpendicular to the center line space of the width direction of the fork handle. The fork limit ring is in the shape of a circular ring and is mounted on the shaft.

[0020] The coaxiality of the first positioning tapered axis and the second positioning tapered axis is ≤Φ0.02mm; the parallelism of the rolling linear guide rail and the center lines of the first positioning tapered axis and the second positioning tapered axis is ≤0.04mm.

[0021] In the present invention, the loading and unloading and measuring operations of the workpiece are performed on one side of the rolling linear guide pair of the measuring tool. The first support and the second support are installed at both ends of the tool base, and the two support components can adjust the spacing position along the middle guide rail of the tool base. The rolling linear guide pair is installed on one side of the tool base, and the measuring table frame is installed on the slide seat of the rolling linear guide pair, and the measuring table frame can move to any position along the guide rail.

[0022] The key technologies of the present invention are: 1. The finishing of the first positioning tapered shaft and the second positioning tapered shaft adopts a grinding method, that is, each cylindrical surface and the positioning tapered surface are ground at one time to ensure the coaxiality requirements. 2. The first support and the second support adopt a combined processing method, that is, they are welded together and then the bearing holes and the grooves at the bottom are processed to ensure their accuracy consistency. After passing the test, they are marked and separated. 3. The processing of the tooling base adopts welding, annealing, rough machining, tempering, semi-finishing, artificial aging, and finishing, and it is ensured that the finishing process is completed at one time.

[0023] The invention adopts axial positioning method to detect the straightness, circular runout, coaxiality and end face verticality of the shell. The workpiece is positioned with the inner holes at both ends, installed on the first positioning cone shaft and the second positioning cone shaft of the detection tool and axially clamped.

[0024] The cylindrical workpiece suitable for detection by the present invention has an aspect ratio of up to 16, and a large number of detectable parts and shape parameters. Moreover, the working principle and design structure of the present invention are very different from those of other inventions. Therefore, the technical characteristics of the present invention are not mentioned in other inventions.

[0025] The external dimensions of the invention are length×width×height=2700mm×320mm×360mm, which can meet the detection needs of various types of cylindrical shells.

[0026] Installation accuracy requirements: The key point of the present invention is that the first positioning conical surface and the second positioning conical surface have high requirements for centering, and their mutual coaxiality is stipulated to be ≤Φ0.02mm; the parallelism between the rolling linear guide and the common axis of the left and right positioning conical surfaces is ≤0.04mm;

[0027] The technical measures for installation and debugging are: 1. The grooves at the bottom of the first and second supports match the slide rails in the middle of the tooling base, and the original marked positions of the first and second supports are kept consistent. After adjusting the distance between the two supports, they are fixed with T-bolts. 2. High-precision bearings are used for assembly. The bearings in the left support have a transition fit with the hole and an interference fit with the shaft; the bearings in the right support have a transition fit with the hole and a clearance fit with the shaft. 3. The spring is adjusted to the appropriate compression amount to ensure that the workpiece can be pressed tightly and there is no swing when the workpiece rotates. 4. The rolling linear guide pair is installed and fixed tightly to the positioning surface. 5. Use a calibration rod to calibrate the tooling accuracy.

[0028] Inspection operation process: Before the inspection, the position of the first support or the second support can be adjusted according to the length of the cylindrical shell of different models, so that the first support and the second support are moved to the appropriate position along the guide rail in the middle of the base and then fixed, which can meet the installation inspection of the cylindrical shell of the same model. When inspecting the shell, insert the inner hole of the small end of the shell into the positioning conical surface on the left end of the inspection tool, turn the operating handle to the left, and then insert the inner hole of the large end of the shell into the positioning conical surface on the second end of the inspection tool. After releasing the operating handle, the shell is automatically positioned and clamped under the action of the spring force. In this state, the shell can rotate freely.

[0029] Adsorb the magnetic base of the measuring table frame onto the slider seat of the rolling linear guide, install the digital measuring table on the table frame, adjust the measuring table contact to contact the measured surface of the shell, and keep the measuring table contact with appropriate compression. The table frame slides along the rolling linear guide to detect any part of the shell, and can measure the straightness, circular runout, coaxiality and end face verticality of the shell respectively. It only takes a few minutes to complete a single piece inspection, which is 5 to 6 times more efficient than the three-coordinate measuring machine, and is suitable for batch inspection on production lines.

[0030] The present invention has the characteristics of reasonable structure, simple operation, quick workpiece positioning and clamping, and accurate and reliable measurement results, and can meet the batch detection needs of production sites.

[0031] The main technical features of the present invention are:

[0032] 1. The principle that the cone will automatically align with the circular hole surface of the workpiece when it is matched is used to automatically align the axis of the workpiece and position the aperture at both ends of the cylindrical workpiece, ensuring that the measurement datum and the designed positioning datum coincide, making the datum misalignment error zero.

[0033] 2. Use two cones to position and clamp the workpiece, so as to achieve installation and clamping of the workpiece. The workpiece can rotate when the two cones are axially clamped.

[0034] 3. The clamping mechanism is mainly composed of a spring and a positioning tapered shaft. The positioning tapered shaft can slide axially by turning the fork handle. After releasing the fork handle, the positioning tapered shaft is pushed by the spring force to press the two ends of the workpiece.

[0035] 4. The fork assembly can drive the positioning tapered shaft at one end of the tooling to move axially, realizing the rapid installation and removal of the workpiece.

[0036] 5. The measuring mechanism includes a rolling linear guide pair and a multi-degree-of-freedom measuring table frame. The measuring table frame can slide freely along the guide rail to realize the detection function of different parts of the workpiece.

[0037] 6. The base of the present invention adopts a box-type structure, which is stable and does not deform, ensuring the overall precision requirements of the tooling.

[0038] 7. The present invention is suitable for measuring thin-walled cylindrical shells with a large aspect ratio.

[0039] The innovation of the present invention is:

[0040] 1. Automatic positioning. The two ends of the tooling use two conical positioning surfaces (including outer conical and inner conical positioning surfaces) to automatically align the center line of the cylindrical workpiece. In addition, the inner hole of the first conical positioning surface and the shaft are installed with Morse taper, which can be quickly changed to other positioning methods, such as changing the outer cone to the inner cone positioning surface, to meet the positioning requirements of different workpieces. The automatic positioning of the tooling is achieved through this technical solution.

[0041] 2. Automatic clamping. The present invention adopts a spring part at the right end, and uses the spring force to drive the positioning cone shaft to move, which can axially press the workpiece and automatically position it, realizing rapid loading and unloading of the workpiece before and after detection.

[0042] 3. Workpiece rotation. The left end conical positioning surface of the present invention can rotate but cannot be displaced. The second end conical positioning surface can rotate and axially move, and the workpiece can be rotated when the workpiece is clamped.

[0043] 4. Fork mechanism. You can use your right hand to push the fork handle to the left, and push the cone positioning surface to move axially to install or remove the workpiece. After releasing the fork handle, the cone positioning surface automatically presses the workpiece under the thrust of the spring.

[0044] 5. The multi-degree-of-freedom measuring table frame is fixed on the slider seat of the high-precision rolling linear guide pair, so that the measuring table frame slides smoothly along the guide rail with high movement accuracy.

[0045] 6. The measuring range of the present invention is adjustable, and the distance between the two supports can be set and fixed within 400mm to 2400mm. The size range of the workpiece to be measured is: diameter φ50mm to φ250mm, length 200mm to 2000mm.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. The working principle of the present invention is feasible. The present invention uses the principle that the cone will automatically align with the center when it is matched with the circular hole surface of the workpiece. Two cones are used to match the apertures at both ends of the cylindrical workpiece respectively. The axis of the workpiece will automatically coincide with the connecting center line of the two cones, that is, the measurement reference and the design positioning reference coincide. The pressure of the spring is then used to push the cone at the second end to clamp the workpiece, and the workpiece can rotate freely in the clamped state. The measuring table frame is installed on the slider seat of the high-precision rolling linear guide pair, which can realize the linear movement of the measuring table frame.

[0048] 2. The present invention can measure the runout at any position of the outer contour feature of the cylindrical shell, thereby reflecting the size of the shape and position tolerances such as coaxiality, roundness, cylindricity, verticality, flatness, straightness, etc. of the measured part of the workpiece.

[0049] 3. The operation process of the present invention is convenient. It generally takes only a few minutes to install the workpiece, perform the measurement operation, and remove the workpiece. When testing batches of products, the measuring table can be fixed after adjusting the measuring range. It only needs to install the workpiece for testing, which is suitable for batch testing at the production site.

[0050] 4. The present invention adopts a replaceable positioning cone to adapt to the detection of workpieces of different specifications. The positioning cone and the shaft are installed with Morse taper. This assembly method is tight and reliable, has high matching accuracy, and is easy to install and disassemble. By replacing positioning cones of different specifications (either outer cone or inner cone), the detection needs of various thin-walled cylindrical shells can be met.

[0051] 5. The invention has simple structure, accurate and reliable measurement, simple operation, single-person operation and low inspection cost;

[0052] 6. The present invention is applicable to a wide range of workpiece sizes. Currently, the present invention is applicable to the detection of shape and position tolerances of thin-walled cylindrical shells of different types with diameters ranging from about 50 mm to 250 mm and lengths ranging from about 200 mm to 2000 mm.

[0053] 7. The present invention uses a high-precision calibration rod to debug and regularly calibrate the tooling accuracy to ensure that its accuracy meets the use requirements.

[0054] 8. The performance of the present invention is stable and reliable. After several years of application, tens of thousands of products have been tested and the product quality meets the user's requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the present invention. Figure 1 a is the main view, Figure 1 b is the left view, Figure 1 c is a top view.

[0056] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Top view of the .

[0058] Figure 4 : is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first positioning conical axis and the second positioning conical axis. Figure 4 a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first positioning tapered shaft assembly, Figure 4 b is a schematic structural diagram of the second positioning tapered shaft assembly.

[0059] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fork assembly. Figure 5 a is the main sectional view, Figure 5 b is a top view.

[0060] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fork support rod. Figure 6 a is the main view, Figure 6 b is the left view, Figure 6 c is a top view.

[0061] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the support structure. Figure 7 a is the main view, Figure 7 b is the left view, Figure 7 c is a top view.

[0062] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the tooling base. Figure 8 a is the main view, Figure 8 b is the left sectional view, Figure 8 c is the top view, Figure 8 d is a partial cross-sectional view.

[0063] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the measuring fixture calibration rod.

[0064] In the figure: 1. Fork positioning sleeve; 2. First bearing end cover; 3. Second positioning tapered shaft; 4. Digital measuring meter; 5. First positioning tapered shaft; 6. Centripetal rolling bearing; 7. Anti-drop support plate; 8. Rolling linear guide slider seat; 9. Multi-degree-of-freedom magnetic seat table frame; 10. Tooling base; 11. Spring stopper sleeve; 12. Bearing stopper sleeve; 13. T-bolt; 14. Fork limit ring; 15. Fork slider; 16. Support; 17. Spring; 18. Second bearing end cover; 19. Guide screw; 20. Rolling linear guide; 21. Fork support rod; 22. Fork handle; 23. Pin shaft. 24. Elastic retaining ring; 25. Shaft. 26. Fastening screw; 27. Set screw; 28. Support moving slideway; 29. ​​Rolling linear guide mounting surface; 30. Slideway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] This embodiment is a tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell, including a tool base 10, a support, a positioning tapered shaft, a digital display measuring meter 4, a rolling linear guide pair and a fork assembly. There are two supports, namely the first support and the second support; the two supports are fixed to the two ends of the upper surface of the tool base by T-bolts 13 respectively; there are two positioning tapered shafts, namely the first positioning tapered shaft 5 and the second positioning tapered shaft 3, and the first positioning tapered shaft is installed on the first support through a pair of radial rolling bearings 6, and the second positioning tapered shaft is also installed on the second support through a pair of radial rolling bearings. There is a bearing sleeve 12 between each pair of radial roller bearings. The fork assembly includes a fork support rod 21, a fork slider 15 and a fork handle 22.

[0066] The distance between the first support and the second support is determined according to the length of the workpiece to be measured.

[0067] The upper surface of the tooling base 10 is provided with a support moving slideway 28, through which the distance between the first support and the second support can be adjusted to meet the measurement of workpieces of different specifications.

[0068] A rolling linear guide rail mounting surface 29 is provided on one side of the upper surface of the tooling base, and the rolling linear guide rail is fixed on the tooling base by guide rail screws.

[0069] The rolling linear guide 20 in the rolling linear guide pair is fixed to one side of the upper surface of the tooling base by a guide screw 19, and a multi-degree-of-freedom magnetic seat frame 9 is fixed to the upper surface of the rolling linear guide slider seat 8; the digital display measuring meter is installed above the multi-degree-of-freedom magnetic seat frame through a support rod.

[0070] A shift fork positioning sleeve 1, a shift fork slider 15 and a shift fork limiting ring 14 are sequentially mounted on the second positioning tapered shaft 3 from the inside to the outside, and the outer circumferential surface of the inner end of the shift fork positioning sleeve is fitted with the inner circumferential surface of the second bearing end cover 2; the shift fork positioning sleeve and the shift fork slider are both clearance-matched with the second positioning tapered shaft; the shift fork limiting ring is fixedly connected to the second positioning tapered shaft by screws.

[0071] A fork support rod 21 is mounted on the second support; one end of the fork support rod is hinged to the fork handle 22 via a latch shaft 23; a slide groove at one end of the fork handle is sleeved on the slide column of the fork slider 15.

[0072] The first positioning tapered shaft 5 comprises a shaft 25, a sleeve 12, a pair of radial rolling bearings 6 and a positioning cone 5. One end of the shaft is a cone section. The pair of radial rolling bearings are sleeved on the shaft; the sleeve is located between the two radial rolling bearings. The positioning cone is sleeved on the cone section at one end of the shaft in a tight fit. The shape of the positioning cone is adapted to the mating surface of the workpiece, and the conical surface is the working surface. The length of the horizontal projection of the conical surface is 150 mm; the cone angle of the conical surface is 60°.

[0073] The second positioning cone shaft 3 includes a shaft, a pair of radial rolling bearings, a sleeve and a spring 17. One end of the shaft is a positioning cone; the pair of radial rolling bearings are sleeved on the shaft; the sleeve is located between the two radial rolling bearings. A spring and a spring stopper sleeve 11 are sleeved between the radial rolling bearing and the positioning cone. The shape of the positioning cone at one end of the shaft is adapted to the mating surface of the workpiece, and the conical surface is the working surface. The length of the horizontal projection of the conical surface is 150 mm; the cone angle of the conical surface is 60°.

[0074] The first support has an axial hole for mounting the first positioning tapered shaft 5; the diameter of the axial hole is the same as the outer diameter of the radial rolling bearing. The second support has an axial hole for mounting the second positioning tapered shaft 3; the diameter of the axial hole is the same as the outer diameter of the radial rolling bearing. The axial hole of the first positioning tapered shaft is coaxial with the axial hole of the second positioning tapered shaft. The lower surface of the first support has a slide groove that cooperates with the movable slideway on the tooling base.

[0075] The structure of the second support is similar to that of the first support, except that a mounting hole for mounting the shift fork support rod 21 is provided on the second support.

[0076] In the fork assembly, the upper end of the fork handle 22 is in the shape of a groove, and the spacing between the inner surfaces of the two side plates of the groove is adapted to the outer dimensions of the fork slider 15; the symmetrical two side surfaces of the fork slider are provided with protruding slide columns, and each slide column is respectively embedded in the strip slide groove 30 located at the upper end of the fork handle on the side. The fork handle is provided with a fork support rod 21, and the fork support rod is located below the groove; the fork support rod is hinged to the fork handle through a latch shaft 23, and the center line of the latch shaft is perpendicular to the center line perpendicular to the width direction of the fork handle. There is a through shaft hole for installing the second positioning tapered shaft 3 at the geometric center of the fork slider 15, and the center line of the shaft hole is perpendicular to the center line space of the width direction of the fork handle 22. The fork limit ring 14 is in the shape of a ring and is provided on the second positioning tapered shaft.

[0077] The rolling linear guide pair includes a rolling linear guide slider seat 8 and a rolling linear guide 20, which adopt the existing technology. The digital display measuring meter 4 is a standard measuring tool. The multi-degree-of-freedom magnetic seat meter frame 9 adopts the existing technology.

[0078] In the present invention, the coaxiality of the first positioning tapered axis and the second positioning tapered axis is ≤Φ0.02mm; the parallelism of the center line of the rolling linear guide rail and the first positioning tapered axis and the second positioning tapered axis is ≤0.04mm. The specification of the calibration rod used in the present invention is φ120mm×6mm×1800mm, its accuracy is 1 / 3 of the workpiece accuracy, and the surface roughness is Ra0.8.

Claims

1. A tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tooling base (10), a support, a positioning tapered shaft, a digital display measuring meter (4), a rolling linear guide pair and a shift fork assembly; wherein the support comprises two, namely a first support and a second support; the two supports are respectively located at two ends of the upper surface of the tooling base; the positioning tapered shaft comprises two, namely a first positioning tapered shaft (5) and a second positioning tapered shaft (3), and the first positioning tapered shaft is mounted on the first support via a pair of radial rolling bearings (6), and the second positioning tapered shaft is also mounted on the second support via a pair of radial rolling bearings; the shift fork assembly comprises a shift fork support rod (21), a shift fork slider (15) and a shift fork handle (22); the shift fork support rod is mounted on the second support; one end of the shift fork support rod is hinged to the shift fork handle via a latch shaft (23); a slide groove at one end of the shift fork handle is sleeved on the slide column of the shift fork slider; The rolling linear guide pair is fixed to one side of the upper surface of the tooling base; the digital display measuring meter is installed above the rolling linear guide slider seat (8) via a support rod.

2. The tooling for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the tooling base (10) is provided with a support moving slideway (28), through which the distance between the first support and the second support can be adjusted to meet the measurement of workpieces of different specifications; a rolling linear guide rail mounting surface (29) is provided on one side of the upper surface of the tooling base, and the rolling linear guide rail is fixed to the tooling base by guide rail screws.

3. The tooling for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When installing the shift fork assembly, the shift fork positioning sleeve (1), the shift fork slider (15) and the shift fork limiting ring (14) are sequentially mounted on the second positioning tapered shaft (3) from the inside to the outside, and the outer circumferential surface of the inner end of the shift fork positioning sleeve is made to fit with the inner circumferential surface of the first bearing end cover (2); the shift fork positioning sleeve and the shift fork slider are both clearance-matched with the second positioning tapered shaft; and the shift fork limiting ring is fixedly connected to the second positioning tapered shaft.

4. The tooling for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning tapered shaft (5) comprises a shaft (25), a sleeve (12), a pair of radial rolling bearings (6) and a positioning cone; one end of the shaft is a cone section; the pair of radial rolling bearings are sleeved on the shaft; the sleeve is located between the two radial rolling bearings; the positioning cone is sleeved on the cone section at one end of the shaft in a tight fit; the shape of the positioning cone is adapted to the mating surface of the workpiece.

5. The tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The second positioning cone shaft (3) comprises a shaft, a pair of radial rolling bearings, a sleeve and a spring (17); one end of the shaft is a positioning cone; the pair of radial rolling bearings are sleeved on the shaft; the sleeve is located between the two radial rolling bearings; a spring and a spring stop sleeve (11) are sleeved between the radial rolling bearing and the positioning cone; The shape of the positioning cone at one end of the shaft is matched with the matching surface of the workpiece.

6. The tooling for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The conical surfaces of the first positioning conical shaft (5) and the second positioning conical shaft (3) are both working surfaces; the length of the horizontal projection of the conical surface is 150 mm; and the conical angle of the conical surface is 60°.

7. The tooling for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the fork assembly, the upper end of the fork handle (22) is in the shape of a groove, and the distance between the inner surfaces of the two side plates of the groove is adapted to the outer dimensions of the fork slider (15); the two symmetrical surfaces of the fork slider are respectively provided with protruding slide columns, and each slide column is respectively embedded in a strip-shaped slide groove (30) located at the upper end of the fork handle on the side thereof; A shift fork support rod (21) is mounted on the shift fork handle, and the shift fork support rod is located below the groove; the shift fork support rod is hinged to the shift fork support rod via a latch shaft (23), and the center line of the latch shaft is perpendicular to the center line of the shift fork handle in the width direction; a through shaft hole for mounting the shaft (25) is provided at the geometric center of the shift fork slider (15), and the center line of the shaft hole is perpendicular to the center line space of the shift fork handle (22) in the width direction; the shift fork limiting ring (14) is in the shape of a circular ring and mounted on the shaft.

8. The tooling for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the first support and the second support is determined according to the length of the workpiece to be measured.

9. The tooling for detecting the shape and position tolerance of the outer contour of a small thin-walled cylindrical shell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The coaxiality of the first positioning tapered axis and the second positioning tapered axis is ≤Φ0.02mm; the parallelism of the rolling linear guide rail and the center lines of the first positioning tapered axis and the second positioning tapered axis is ≤0.04mm.

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