High-precision elevation stakeout method using RTK instrument combined with laser leveler

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-precision elevation setting method for combining an RTK instrument with a laser leveler. The method is implemented based on a laser elevation setting algorithm and is characterized in that it includes the following steps: confirming the RTK measuring instrument, laser leveler, laser receiver, RTK centering rod or super-long centering rod, tape measure, and leveling point information; using Android Studio or Xcode as a development environment to develop a laser elevation setting algorithm and install the laser elevation setting algorithm software to an RTK notebook or smart phone; calculating calibration values; calculating the laser elevation of the leveler; calculating the filling and excavation values ​​of the centering rod position; and repeating measurement and setting. The present invention realizes millimeter-level elevation setting by a single person. The combination of RTK and laser leveler can set out the filling and excavation values ​​of random positions at the construction site with an accuracy of millimeter level. Even if the design elevation of random positions at the construction site is different, setting can be performed. Compared with leveling elevation setting, the setting efficiency is greatly improved, and compared with RTK elevation setting, the setting accuracy is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of elevation setting out, in particular to a high-precision elevation setting out method combining an RTK instrument with a laser leveler. Background Art

[0002] At present, RTK surveying instruments have the problem that the horizontal coordinate setting out accuracy is relatively high and stable, but the elevation setting out accuracy is poor and unstable. Especially when the satellite signal is poor, the elevation setting out accuracy is even worse and cannot meet the needs of daily engineering surveying and setting out.

[0003] Therefore, in general, if a level is used for elevation stakeout, it requires the cooperation of at least two people. The measurement and stakeout process is cumbersome and inefficient. The more mature laser leveling instruments on the market can emit horizontal plane lasers with millimeter-level deviations at 360 degrees for millimeter-level elevation stakeout. However, laser leveling instruments are mainly used for stakeout when the design elevation of the entire site is consistent. For the situation where the design elevations of different locations at the construction site are inconsistent, it is difficult for the laser leveling instrument to display the fill and cut values. For the situation where the design elevations of different locations at the construction site are inconsistent, the RTK instrument can display the fill and cut values ​​of random locations as long as the surface file or road stakeout file is edited, but the accuracy of the fill and cut values ​​is poor.

[0004] In summary, in view of the above situation, I took advantage of the shortcomings of RTK instruments and laser levelers, and proposed a high-precision elevation layout method combining RTK instruments with laser levelers to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision elevation layout method combining an RTK instrument with a laser leveler to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The RTK instrument is combined with a laser leveler to provide a high-precision elevation setting method. This method is based on a laser elevation setting algorithm and includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Confirm the RTK measuring instrument, laser leveler, laser receiver, RTK centering rod or extra-long centering rod, tape measure, and leveling point information, use Android Studio or Xcode as the development environment to develop the laser elevation setting out algorithm and install the laser elevation setting out algorithm software to the RTK handbook or smartphone;

[0009] S2. Calculate the calibration value;

[0010] S3. Calculate the laser elevation of the leveler;

[0011] S4. Calculate the filling and excavation value of the centering rod position;

[0012] S5. Repeat the measurement and setting out.

[0013] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S2 are:

[0014] S2.1. Extend the RTK centering pole to a certain height and enter the height reading in the software;

[0015] S2.2. Use a tape measure to measure the actual height of the centering rod and enter it in the software;

[0016] S2.3. Use the scale on the centering rod to measure the actual reading at the top of the centering rod and enter it in the software;

[0017] S2.4. Fasten the laser receiver to a certain scale position on the centering rod with a fastening buckle and enter the reading in the software;

[0018] S2.5. Click the "Calculate and save calibration values" button on the software, and the software will automatically calculate and save the following correction values:

[0019] Centering rod height correction value = centering rod calibration corresponding actual height - centering rod calibration height reading;

[0020] Laser receiver height correction value = actual reading at the top of the centering pole - laser receiver calibration reading.

[0021] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S3 are:

[0022] S3.1. Place the centering rod on the level point and input the level point elevation into the software;

[0023] S3.2. Select the type of centering rod in the software;

[0024] S3.3. Place the laser receiver facing the laser leveler, extend and retract the centering rod so that the laser receiver receives the laser and emits a buzzer, record the centering rod alignment height reading and enter it into the software;

[0025] S3.4. Center the centering rod as much as possible, read the reading on the laser receiver screen and enter it into the software;

[0026] S3.5. Click the "Calculate Laser Elevation" button in the software, and the software will calculate the laser elevation of the laser leveler using the following formula:

[0027] Laser leveling instrument laser elevation = centering rod ground level point elevation + centering rod calibration height reading + centering rod height correction value + laser receiver height correction value + laser receiver reading / 1000.

[0028] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S4 are:

[0029] S4.1. Move the RTK and laser receiver combined centering pole to the point to be measured on the construction site, open the RTK handbook to view the design elevation of the point, and enter it in the "Laser Elevation Stakeout" software;

[0030] S4.2. Select the type of centering rod in the software;

[0031] S4.3. Place the laser receiver facing the laser leveler, extend and retract the centering rod so that the laser receiver receives the laser and emits a buzzer, record the centering rod alignment height reading and enter it into the software;

[0032] S4.4. Center the centering rod as much as possible, read the reading on the laser receiver screen and input it into the software;

[0033] S4.5. Click the "Calculate Cut and Fill Values" button in the software, and the software will calculate the ground elevation and cut and fill values ​​using the following formula;

[0034] Ground elevation = laser leveling instrument laser elevation + centering rod calibration height reading + centering rod height correction value + laser receiver height correction value + laser receiver reading / 1000;

[0035] Fill and cut value = design elevation of centering rod position - ground elevation;

[0036] The software displays Fill or Cut depending on the fill and cut value.

[0037] Preferably, in step S5, for other points to be measured in the construction site, steps S4.1 to S4.5 are repeated to perform measurement and layout.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention realizes millimeter-level elevation staking out by a single person, and the combination of RTK and laser leveling instrument can lay out the numerical accuracy of fill and excavation at random positions on the construction site to the millimeter level, and even if the design elevations of random positions on the construction site are different, it can be laid out. Compared with the elevation staking out by a level instrument, the layout efficiency is greatly improved, and compared with the elevation staking out by RTK, the layout accuracy is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 The flowchart of the high-precision elevation layout method of the RTK instrument combined with the laser leveler of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] See also Figure 1 The present invention proposes a high-precision elevation setting method combining an RTK instrument with a laser leveler. The method is implemented based on a laser elevation setting algorithm and includes the following steps:

[0043] S1. Confirm the RTK measuring instrument, laser leveler, laser receiver, RTK centering rod or extra-long centering rod, tape measure, and leveling point information, use Android Studio or Xcode as the development environment to develop the laser elevation setting out algorithm and install the laser elevation setting out algorithm software to the RTK handbook or smartphone;

[0044] S2. Calculate the calibration value;

[0045] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S2 are:

[0046] S2.1. Extend the RTK centering pole to a certain height and enter the height reading in the software;

[0047] S2.2. Use a tape measure to measure the actual height of the centering rod and enter it in the software;

[0048] S2.3. Use the scale on the centering rod to measure the actual reading at the top of the centering rod and enter it in the software;

[0049] S2.4. Fasten the laser receiver to a certain scale position on the centering rod with a fastening buckle and enter the reading in the software;

[0050] S2.5. Click the "Calculate and save calibration values" button on the software, and the software will automatically calculate and save the following correction values:

[0051] Centering rod height correction value = centering rod calibration corresponding actual height - centering rod calibration height reading;

[0052] Laser receiver height correction value = actual reading at the top of the centering pole - laser receiver calibration reading;

[0053] S3. Calculate the laser elevation of the leveler;

[0054] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S3 are:

[0055] S3.1. Place the centering rod on the level point and input the level point elevation into the software;

[0056] S3.2. Select the type of centering rod in the software;

[0057] S3.3. Place the laser receiver facing the laser leveler, extend and retract the centering rod so that the laser receiver receives the laser and emits a buzzer, record the centering rod alignment height reading and enter it into the software;

[0058] S3.4. Center the centering rod as much as possible, read the reading on the laser receiver screen and enter it into the software;

[0059] S3.5. Click the "Calculate Laser Elevation" button in the software, and the software will calculate the laser elevation of the laser leveler using the following formula:

[0060] Laser leveling instrument laser elevation = centering rod ground level point elevation + centering rod calibration height reading + centering rod height correction value + laser receiver height correction value + laser receiver reading / 1000;

[0061] S4. Calculate the filling and excavation value of the centering rod position;

[0062] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S4 are:

[0063] S4.1. Move the RTK and laser receiver combined centering pole to the point to be measured on the construction site, open the RTK handbook to view the design elevation of the point, and enter it in the "Laser Elevation Stakeout" software;

[0064] S4.2. Select the type of centering rod in the software;

[0065] S4.3. Place the laser receiver facing the laser leveler, extend and retract the centering rod so that the laser receiver receives the laser and emits a buzzer, record the centering rod alignment height reading and enter it into the software;

[0066] S4.4. Center the centering rod as much as possible, read the reading on the laser receiver screen and input it into the software;

[0067] S4.5. Click the "Calculate Cut and Fill Values" button in the software, and the software will calculate the ground elevation and cut and fill values ​​using the following formula;

[0068] Ground elevation = laser leveling instrument laser elevation + centering rod calibration height reading + centering rod height correction value + laser receiver height correction value + laser receiver reading / 1000;

[0069] Fill and cut value = design elevation of centering rod position - ground elevation;

[0070] The software will display "Fill" or "Cut" according to the fill and cut values;

[0071] S5. Repeat the measurement and layout. In step S5, for other points to be measured in the construction site, repeat steps S4.1 to S4.5 to perform measurement and layout.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] See also Figure 1 In actual application, the RTK instrument of the present invention is combined with a laser leveling instrument to perform high-precision elevation setting out, specifically, including the following steps:

[0074] The RTK instrument combined with the laser leveling instrument is a high-precision elevation setting method. The principle is to use the surface setting or road setting function of the RTK instrument to provide the design elevation data of random positions on the construction site, and then use the laser leveling instrument and the laser receiver installed on the RTK centering pole to calculate the ground elevation of the centering pole position by telescoping the RTK centering pole combined with the laser elevation setting algorithm. Finally, the design elevation and the ground elevation are compared to calculate the fill and cut value;

[0075] The design elevation position can be staked out based on the fill and cut values;

[0076] It should be noted that the method of the present invention combines the laser elevation setting out algorithm to perform elevation setting out;

[0077] Step 1: Calculate the calibration value;

[0078] There are two cases for calculating the calibration value. The first case is that the laser receiver is fastened to the RTK centering pole with a fastening buckle.

[0079] The second case is that the laser receiver is fastened to the extra-long centering pole (the length can reach 5 meters) with a fastening buckle;

[0080] The maximum telescopic height of the RTK centering pole is 2.25 meters, and the maximum actual telescopic length of the laser receiver is 0.85 meters, which is suitable for staking out areas with a small slope in the construction site.

[0081] For construction sites with large slopes, extra-long centering rods are required;

[0082] The calculated calibration value includes the centering rod height correction value and the laser receiver height correction value;

[0083] The following uses the RTK centering pole as an example to introduce the steps for calculating the calibration value (the calculation principle and steps for an extra-long centering pole are the same);

[0084] Step 1: First extend the centering rod to a certain height, such as 1.6 meters, and then enter 1.6 in the centering rod height reading input box of the software;

[0085] Step 2: Use a tape measure to measure the actual height of the centering rod that has just been extended to 1.6 meters (the height from the tip of the centering rod to the top of the centering rod), for example, 1.592 meters, and then enter 1.592 in the input box of the actual height of the centering rod in the software;

[0086] Step 3: Use the scale on the centering pole to measure the actual reading of the centering pole top (that is, the scale that should be marked on the top of the centering pole), for example, 1.223 meters, and then enter 1.223 in the actual reading input box of the centering pole top in the software;

[0087] Step 4: Use the fastening buckle to tighten the laser receiver to a certain scale position on the centering rod, such as 1.3 meters. At this time, the center line position of the laser receiver is also exactly at 1.3 meters. Then enter 1.3 in the software laser receiver calibration reading input box;

[0088] Step 5: After the data is entered, click the "Calculate and Save Calibration Value" button in the software, and then the centering rod height correction value data display box and the laser receiver height correction value data display box in the software will calculate the specific values;

[0089] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0090] Centering rod height correction value = centering rod calibration corresponding actual height - centering rod calibration height reading, that is, 1.592-1.6=-0.008;

[0091] Laser receiver height correction value = actual reading of the centering pole top - laser receiver calibration reading, that is, 1.223-1.3 = -0.077;

[0092] When you click the "Calculate and Save Calibration Value" button in the software, not only the correction value is calculated, but also the data entered in step 1 and the calculated data are saved. The data in step 1 does not need to be re-entered each time the software is opened. Only when the data changes, re-enter the calculation and save;

[0093] Step 2: Calculate the laser elevation of the leveler

[0094] Step 1: First find a leveling point, or lead the leveling point to the area that needs to be excavated or staked out to make a new leveling point, put the centering rod on the leveling point, and enter the leveling point elevation in the centering rod ground leveling point elevation input box of the software, such as 439.866;

[0095] Step 2: In the "Centering rod type selection drop-down box" of step 2 of the software, select the type of centering rod that the laser receiver is fastened with a fastening buckle;

[0096] You can choose an RTK centering pole or an extra-long centering pole. I will take the RTK centering pole as an example.

[0097] Step 3: Face the laser receiver to the laser leveler, extend the centering rod up and down so that the laser receiver receives the laser and emits a buzzer, then extend the centering rod to a height that the centering rod scale is just stuck at the scale mark position (for easy reading) and the laser receiver still emits a buzzer, then tighten the centering rod scale to read the reading, for example, 1.4 meters, and then enter 1.4 in the centering rod alignment height reading input box in step 2 of the software;

[0098] Step 4: Then make the centering rod as centered as possible, look at the reading on the laser receiver screen, for example -17, and then enter -17 in the laser receiver reading input box in step 2 of the software;

[0099] Step 5: Click the "Calculate Laser Elevation" button in the software, and then the laser elevation data display box in the software will calculate the specific value;

[0100] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0101] Laser leveling instrument laser elevation = centering rod ground leveling point elevation + centering rod calibration height reading in step 2 + centering rod height correction value + laser receiver height correction value + laser receiver reading in step 2 / 1000 (divided by 1000 because the laser receiver reading unit is millimeter, and other values ​​are in meter), that is, 439.866+1.4+(-0.008)+(-0.077)+(-17 / 1000)=441.164;

[0102] Step 3 of step 2 can also be done using the second method:

[0103] Place the laser receiver facing the laser leveler, extend and retract the centering rod up and down to make the laser receiver receive the laser. When you hear intermittent beeps from the laser receiver, slowly extend and retract the centering rod and carefully distinguish the beeps. When you hear a unique continuous beep when the laser sight is aligned with the center line of the laser receiver, tighten the centering rod and retract the rod. Read the centering rod alignment height and input the reading into the software.

[0104] In this case, the laser receiver reading is input as 0, and then the calculation in step 5 of step 2 is performed again (the specific data has been changed accordingly);

[0105] Step 3: Calculate the fill and cut values ​​of the centering rod position

[0106] Step 1: Take the RTK and laser receiver combination centering pole or the RTK instrument and the extra-long centering pole to the construction site where the stakeout is required, place the RTK instrument centering pole on a certain point on the ground, open the RTK handbook software, and check the design elevation of the point in the surface stakeout interface or road stakeout interface. For example, the value is 439.58. Then, switch the software in the RTK handbook, open the laser elevation stakeout algorithm software, and enter 439.58 in the centering pole position design elevation input box.

[0107] Step 2: In the "Centering rod type selection drop-down box" of step 3 of the software, select the type of centering rod that the laser receiver is fixed with a fastening buckle;

[0108] You can choose an RTK centering pole or an extra-long centering pole (you can switch the type of centering pole at will during the measurement process). I will take the selection of an RTK centering pole as an example.

[0109] Step 3: Face the laser receiver to the laser leveler, extend the centering rod up and down so that the laser receiver receives the laser and emits a buzzer, then extend the centering rod to a height that the centering rod scale is just stuck at the scale mark position (for easy reading) and the laser receiver still emits a buzzer, then tighten the centering rod scale to read the reading, for example, 1.9 meters, and then enter 1.9 in the centering rod alignment height reading input box in step 3 of the software;

[0110] Step 4: Then make the centering rod as centered as possible, look at the reading on the laser receiver screen, for example -16, and then enter -16 in the laser receiver reading input box in step 3 of the software;

[0111] Step 5: Click the "Calculate Cut and Fill Value" button in the software, and then the ground elevation data display box and the cut and fill value data display box in the software will calculate the specific values;

[0112] The calculation formula is as follows: ground elevation = laser leveling instrument laser elevation + centering rod calibration height reading in step 3 + centering rod height correction value + laser receiver height correction value + laser receiver reading in step 3 / 1000 (divided by 1000 because the laser receiver reading unit is millimeter, and other values ​​are in meter), that is, 441.164+1.9+(-0.008)+(-0.077)+(-16 / 1000)=439.365;

[0113] Fill and cut value = centering rod position design elevation - ground elevation, i.e. 439.58-439.365=0.215;

[0114] The fill-cut value display box displays "fill" or "cut" through a judgment statement. When the fill-cut value is greater than 0, it displays "fill", and when the fill-cut value is less than or equal to 0, it displays "cut";

[0115] Similarly, the third step of step three can also be done with the second method, that is, face the laser receiver to the laser leveler, extend and retract the centering rod up and down to make the laser receiver receive the laser, and when you hear the intermittent beeping sound from the laser receiver, slowly extend and retract the centering rod and carefully distinguish the beeping sound, and when you hear the unique continuous beeping sound when the laser sight is aligned with the center line of the laser receiver, tighten the centering rod and retract the rod, and read the centering rod alignment height reading and input it into the software;

[0116] In this case, the laser receiver reading is input as 0, and then the calculation in step 5 of step 3 is performed again (the specific data has been changed accordingly);

[0117] After staking out a point, move the centering rod to other points that need to be staked out, and similarly enter the read data in the input box of step three of the software to calculate the fill and cut values.

[0118] Through the above steps, the present invention realizes millimeter-level elevation layout by a single person. The combination of RTK and laser leveling instrument can layout the numerical accuracy of filling and excavation at random positions on the construction site to the millimeter level. Even if the design elevation of the random positions on the construction site is different, it can be laid out. Compared with the elevation layout of the level instrument, the layout efficiency is greatly improved, and compared with the elevation layout of the RTK, the layout accuracy is greatly improved.

[0119] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The RTK instrument is combined with a laser leveler to provide a high-precision elevation setting method. This method is based on a laser elevation setting algorithm and is characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Confirm the RTK measuring instrument, laser leveler, laser receiver, RTK centering rod or extra-long centering rod, tape measure, and leveling point information, develop the laser elevation setting algorithm through Android Studio or Xcode as the development environment, and install the laser elevation setting algorithm software to the RTK handbook or smartphone; S2. Calculate the calibration value; S3. Calculate the laser elevation of the leveler; S4. Calculate the filling and excavation value of the centering rod position; S5. Repeat the measurement and setting out.

2. The high-precision elevation lofting method using an RTK instrument combined with a laser leveler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The implementation steps of step S2 are: S2.

1. Extend the RTK centering pole to a certain height and enter the height reading in the software; S2.

2. Use a tape measure to measure the actual height of the centering rod and enter it in the software; S2.

3. Use the scale on the centering rod to measure the actual reading at the top of the centering rod and enter it in the software; S2.

4. Fasten the laser receiver to a certain scale position on the centering rod with a fastening buckle and enter the reading in the software; S2.

5. Click the "Calculate and save calibration values" button in the software, and the software will automatically calculate and save the following correction values: Centering rod height correction value = centering rod calibration corresponding actual height - centering rod calibration height reading; Laser receiver height correction value = actual reading at the top of the centering pole - laser receiver calibration reading.

3. The high-precision elevation lofting method using an RTK instrument combined with a laser leveler according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The implementation steps of step S3 are: S3.

1. Place the centering rod on the level point and input the level point elevation into the software; S3.

2. Select the type of centering rod in the software; S3.

3. Place the laser receiver facing the laser leveler, extend and retract the centering rod so that the laser receiver receives the laser and emits a buzzer, record the centering rod alignment height reading and enter it into the software; S3.

4. Center the centering rod as much as possible, read the reading on the laser receiver screen and enter it into the software; S3.

5. Click the "Calculate Laser Elevation" button in the software, and the software will calculate the laser elevation of the laser leveler using the following formula: Laser leveling instrument laser elevation = centering rod ground level point elevation + centering rod calibration height reading + centering rod height correction value + laser receiver height correction value + laser receiver reading / 1000.

4. The high-precision elevation lofting method using an RTK instrument combined with a laser leveler according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The implementation steps of step S4 are: S4.

1. Move the RTK and laser receiver combined centering pole to the point to be measured on the construction site, open the RTK handbook to view the design elevation of the point, and enter it in the "Laser Elevation Stakeout" software; S4.

2. Select the type of centering rod in the software; S4.

3. Place the laser receiver facing the laser leveler, extend and retract the centering rod so that the laser receiver receives the laser and emits a buzzer, record the centering rod alignment height reading and enter it into the software; S4.

4. Center the centering rod as much as possible, read the reading on the laser receiver screen and input it into the software; S4.

5. Click the "Calculate Cut and Fill Values" button in the software, and the software will calculate the ground elevation and cut and fill values ​​using the following formula; Ground elevation = laser leveling instrument laser elevation + centering rod calibration height reading + centering rod height correction value + laser receiver height correction value + laser receiver reading / 1000; Fill and cut value = design elevation of centering rod position - ground elevation; The software will display "Fill" or "Cut" depending on the fill and cut values.

5. The high-precision elevation lofting method using an RTK instrument combined with a laser leveler according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S5, for other points to be measured in the construction site, steps S4.1 to S4.5 are repeated to perform measurement and layout.

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