A power device for penetration testing and a three-dimensional deformation field testing device for soil.

Abstract

This invention discloses a power device for penetrating probes and a three-dimensional deformation field testing device for soil, in the field of indoor calibration device technology. It includes a velocimeter, a launch tube, and an adapter connected sequentially along the same axis. A first solenoid valve, a small air chamber, a second solenoid valve, and an air source are sequentially connected to the side of the adapter. A pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure inside the air chamber is also installed on the air chamber. A loading port for loading the penetrating probe into the launch tube is provided on the side of the adapter away from the launch tube, and a plug for sealing the loading port is connected to the loading port. A loading fixing component for fixing the penetrating probe is provided inside the adapter or the launch tube to prevent the penetrating probe from falling freely during loading. This invention can reduce the minimum pressure change inside the air chamber, allowing the incident velocity of the penetrating probe to vary within a small range, accurately simulating the different velocities of the penetrating probe entering the soil tank under actual conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of indoor calibration device technology, specifically to a power device for penetration testing and a three-dimensional deformation field testing device for soil. Background Technology

[0002] CN116124637A discloses a complete technical system for remote and rapid ground mechanics surveying in disaster areas and other areas difficult for personnel to access, utilizing an impact penetrator. The penetrator can be carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to measure parameters such as resistance, acceleration, and penetration depth in the external environment. An indoor calibration device calibrates the theoretical and simulation solutions and establishes a model database for interpreting typical ground mechanics parameters, thereby interpreting measured resistance and acceleration-time history curves into ground mechanics parameters.

[0003] The air chamber in the power system of the aforementioned indoor calibration device is relatively large, which can propel the initial velocity of the penetrometer to 30 m / s to 150 m / s. Considering that the flight altitude of the penetrometer in the actual field working environment is approximately 100 m, and the velocity of the penetrometer entering the soil is in the range of 35 m / s to 50 m / s, it is basically within the initial range of the original design. When the penetrometer is injected at different velocities under simulated actual conditions, the change in incident velocity is generally less than 5 m / s.

[0004] Because the air chamber in the power system is large and the maximum working air pressure is also very high, when filling the air chamber with air, even a slight adjustment of the valve will cause a large change in the air pressure inside the air chamber. This will result in a difference of 10 m / s in the velocity of the penetrator, making it impossible to make the incident velocity change within a small range and making it difficult to accurately simulate the different incident velocities of the penetrator in the actual environment.

[0005] Furthermore, the aforementioned indoor calibration device's penetrator can only test its own acceleration and resistance-time curves using internal sensors, and cannot obtain parameters such as the soil's velocity field and displacement field during the penetration process, nor can it perform three-dimensional deformation measurements of the soil. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a power device for penetration testing and a three-dimensional deformation field testing device for soil, so as to solve the technical problems of existing indoor calibration devices being unable to change the incident velocity of the penetrator within a small range and being unable to perform three-dimensional deformation measurement of soil.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention specifically provides a power device for driving a penetrator, including a speed measuring instrument, a launching tube and an adapter connected sequentially along the same axis. The side of the adapter is sequentially connected to a first solenoid valve, a small air chamber, a second solenoid valve and an air source. A pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure in the air chamber is also installed on the air chamber.

[0008] The adapter is provided with a loading port for inserting a penetrator into the firing tube on the side away from the firing tube, and a plug for sealing the loading port is connected to the loading port.

[0009] The adapter or the firing tube is provided with a loading fixing component for fixing the penetrator, so as to prevent the penetrator from falling freely during the loading process.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the loading and fixing component includes a hook and a rope. The hook is fixedly installed on the plug head, one end of the rope is fixedly connected to the penetrator, and the other end is hung on the hook.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the loading and fixing component includes an inflatable cushion, a reversing valve and a pressure regulating valve connected in sequence. The pressure regulating valve is connected to the air source. The inflatable cushion is disposed in the air cushion groove inside the launch tube, so that the inflatable cushion can expand or contract to fix or release the penetrator.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a safety valve is further installed between the air chamber and the second solenoid valve.

[0013] The present invention further provides a soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device for penetration testing, including a soil tank, a semi-protruding penetrator and the aforementioned power device, wherein the power device is mounted on a launcher and the soil tank is located directly below the power device.

[0014] The semi-section penetrometer includes a body and a circular spring support located at the end of the body. One side of the body is configured with an axial section that can fit against the transparent glass surface of the soil tank to observe the displacement of the penetrometer and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a high-speed camera for capturing video images of the penetrator penetrating the soil tank is installed on the outside of the transparent glass of the soil tank, and light sources for supplementing the high-speed camera are provided on both sides of the high-speed camera.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-speed camera is connected to the control computer via a wireless bridge. The control computer is equipped with camera control software and analysis software. The camera control software is responsible for sending parameters of the high-speed camera and acquiring real-time preview images of the camera. The analysis software is used to process the video images captured by the high-speed camera to obtain the motion dimensions of the penetrator and fit the motion trajectory of the penetrator.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device further includes a dual-pulse laser and a dual-pulse synchronization controller. The dual-pulse synchronization controller enables precise synchronization of the pulses of the dual-pulse laser and the high-speed camera. Two high-speed cameras are provided to realize three-dimensional field quantity testing.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] This invention, through the cooperation of a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a pressure sensor, a small air chamber, a launching tube, and a velocimeter, can reduce the minimum pressure change in the air chamber, enabling more precise control of the air pressure within the air chamber. This, in turn, allows the incident velocity of the penetrator to vary within a small range, accurately simulating the different velocities of the penetrator entering the soil tank under actual conditions.

[0020] The present invention is equipped with a semi-segmented penetrometer, the axial section of which can be fitted with the transparent glass surface of the soil tank to observe the displacement of the penetrometer and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process, and to perform three-dimensional deformation measurement of the soil. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional deformation field testing device for soil in this invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A diagram showing the view from the right.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power unit in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the adapter and launch tube when the loading fixing component is set as an air cushion in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the adapter and the launching tube when the loading and fixing components are configured as a hook and a rope in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the semi-section penetrator of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gas path of the launch penetrator in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the gas injection and launch process of the penetrator in this invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the camera, light source, and penetrator in this invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the camera and the control computer in this invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the three-dimensional field measurement of soil in this invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the soil trough box in this invention.

[0034] The labels in the diagram represent the following:

[0035] 1-Velocity meter, 2-Launch tube, 3-Adapter, 4-First solenoid valve, 5-Air chamber, 6-Second solenoid valve, 7-Pressure sensor, 8-Loading port, 9-Plug, 10-Penetrator, 11-Hook, 12-Hail rope, 13-Inflatable cushion, 14-Reversing valve, 15-Pressure regulating valve, 16-Air cushion groove, 17-Safety valve, 18-Launch rack, 19-Soil trough box, 20-Body, 21-Circular sabot, 22-Axial section, 23-High-speed camera, 24-Light source, 25-Wireless bridge, 26-Control computer, 27-Dual pulse laser, 28-Air control box. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The present invention specifically provides a power device for driving a penetrator, including a speed measuring instrument 1, a launching tube 2 and an adapter 3 connected sequentially along the same axis. A first solenoid valve 4, a small air chamber 5, a second solenoid valve 6 and an air source are sequentially connected to the side of the adapter 3. A pressure sensor 7 for detecting the air pressure inside the air chamber 5 is also installed on the air chamber 5.

[0038] The adapter 3 is provided with a loading port 8 on the side away from the launch tube 2 for loading the penetrator 10 into the launch tube 2, and a plug 9 for sealing the loading port 8 is connected to the loading port 8.

[0039] The adapter 3 or the launching tube 2 is provided with a loading fixing component for fixing the penetrator 10 to prevent the penetrator 10 from falling freely during the loading process.

[0040] The aforementioned air chamber 5 is a small air chamber. Compared to the large air chamber, it not only has a smaller maximum working air pressure, but also, when air is filled into the small air chamber, the solenoid valve of the air intake opens at the same angle, resulting in a smaller change in air pressure inside the air chamber 5. This allows for precise control of the air pressure inside the air chamber 5, thereby enabling the penetrator 10 to vary within a small range and accurately simulate different speeds of penetrator injection under actual conditions.

[0041] The method of launching the penetrator 10 using the aforementioned power device is as follows:

[0042] First, insert the penetrator 10 into the firing tube 2 through the loading port 8 on the adapter 3. Then, fix the penetrator 10 in the firing tube 2 using the loading fixing component, and finally, seal the loading port 8 with the plug 9.

[0043] Then, the gas injection and launch operations are completed through the first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 6, and the pressure sensor 7 on both sides of the gas chamber 5, as detailed below:

[0044] During gas injection, the second solenoid valve 6 opens and the first solenoid valve 4 closes, and the gas source injects gas into the gas chamber 5. When the pressure sensor 7 reaches the set valve chamber injection pressure, it means that the gas chamber 5 is full, and the second solenoid valve 6 is closed.

[0045] During launch, the first solenoid valve 4 opens and the second solenoid valve 6 closes. The high-pressure gas in the gas chamber 5 enters the launch tube 2, specifically the space between the end of the penetrator 10 and the plug 9. The penetrator 10 is pushed under high pressure and ejected downwards along the launch tube 2. When the pressure sensor 7 returns to normal pressure, it indicates that the penetrator 10 has completed its launch. The first solenoid valve 4 is then closed, completing one penetration test.

[0046] When the penetrator 10 is launched, the velocity meter 1 can detect the launch velocity of the penetrator 10. Based on the launch velocity of the penetrator 10 detected by the velocity meter 1 and the pressure of the air chamber 5 detected by the pressure sensor 7, a relationship between pressure and velocity can be established, which makes it easier to accurately adjust the pressure of the air chamber 5.

[0047] By adjusting the pressure inside the air chamber 5 during air injection, the penetrator 10 can be injected into the soil tank 19 at different speeds. The greater the pressure inside the air chamber 5, the faster the exit speed of the penetrator 10, which can accurately simulate the different speeds of the penetrator 10 entering the soil tank 19 under actual conditions.

[0048] In summary, by cooperating the first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 6, the pressure sensor 7, the air chamber 5, the launching tube 2, and the velocimeter 1, this invention can reduce the minimum pressure variation in the air chamber 5, and can more accurately control the air pressure in the air chamber 5. This allows the incident velocity of the penetrator 10 to vary within a small range, accurately simulating the different incident velocities of the penetrator into the soil trough 19 under actual conditions.

[0049] This invention also adds security measures to the launch process control; an authorization password is required to complete the launch.

[0050] Structural design and dimensions as follows Figure 1 As shown. Components such as gas chamber 5 and launch tube 2 are mounted on a trapezoidal support and fixed to the main beam of the on-site steel structure base using pipe clamps. The gas control box 28 is located directly below the trapezoidal support. The gas pipeline is laid out from bottom to top, using 304 seamless steel pipes with an outer diameter of 10mm and compression fittings to connect to the gas pipeline components. Gas chamber 5 has a volume of 2L, launch tube 2 is 1.4m long, the trapezoidal support is 1m high and 0.6m wide, and the overall structural height is 1.8m.

[0051] The air chamber 5 and the adapter 3 are connected by a solenoid valve with a DN65 flange structure to control the airflow direction. The fixed flange is connected by six M20 coarse-thread bolts. The launch tube 2 is a 1.4m long circular tube with an inner diameter of 55mm. The plug 9 is an M72 coarse-thread plug with an external hexagonal design and an M10 internal hexagonal hole added to the center of the outer side of the plug 9 for easy disassembly during loading. The velocity measuring instrument 1 is installed at the outlet of the launch tube 2 and is threaded.

[0052] The impact test specimen is approximately 600mm long, installed vertically downwards, and has no outer diameter sealing surface. Two loading and fixing methods were designed, as follows:

[0053] The first type includes a loading device comprising a hook 11 and a rope 12. The hook 11 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the plug 9, and one end of the rope 12 is fixedly connected to the penetrator 10, while the other end is hung on the hook 11. During loading, the penetrator 10 is suspended by the rope 12 and inserted into the launch tube 2, which is simple and convenient.

[0054] It should be noted that the suspension rope 12 is simply tied to the hook 11, and the knot is relatively easy to pull open. When launching, the penetrator 10 pulls the suspension rope 12, which can easily break free from the hook 11, and the suspension rope 12 is launched together with the penetrator 10.

[0055] The second type includes an inflatable pad 13, a reversing valve 14, and a pressure regulating valve 15 connected in sequence. The pressure regulating valve 15 is connected to an air source and is used to adjust the air pressure inside the inflatable pad 13, that is, to adjust the amount of air the air source inflates into the inflatable pad 13. The inflatable pad 13 is set in the air cushion groove 16 inside the launch tube 2, so that the inflatable pad 13 can expand or contract to fix or release the penetrator 10.

[0056] Specifically, there are two inflatable cushions 13, which are arranged in parallel and coaxial with the launch tube 2. The state of the inflatable cushions 13 can be switched by the reversing valve 14. When the inflatable cushions 13 are inflated, they can hold the penetrator 10 in place to prevent it from falling freely during loading; when they are deflated, they can release the penetrator 10 so that it can be launched normally.

[0057] The air cushion 13 is externally connected to a PU tube with a low-pressure air pressure of 0.2MPa, and the PU tube runs horizontally through the launch tube 2.

[0058] Furthermore, a safety valve 17 is installed between the air chamber 5 and the second solenoid valve 6. When the air pressure exceeds the predetermined value, the safety valve 17 will open to release air and protect the pipeline.

[0059] The pressure regulating valve 15, the second solenoid valve 6, the safety valve 17, the directional valve 14, and the pressure sensor 7 are all installed inside the pneumatic control box 28, which is a 4U chassis equipped with a display screen. All valves have a maximum operating pressure ≤ 5MPa, the safety valve 17 has an opening pressure of 5MPa, and the pressure sensor 7 has a range of 0MPa to 10MPa. On-site, a high-pressure pipeline is introduced into the air inlet of the drive mechanism via a T-type tee connector, and the solenoid valves are remotely controlled to achieve their respective functions. For ease of operation, the front panel of the pneumatic control box 28 has an opening for the operating handle of the directional valve 14. The front panel is installed using easily removable wing nuts for convenient maintenance.

[0060] The present invention further provides a soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device for penetration probing, including a soil tank 19, a semi-section penetrator 10 and the aforementioned power device, wherein the power device is mounted on a launcher 18 and the soil tank 19 is located directly below the power device.

[0061] The semi-section penetrometer 10 includes a body 20 and a circular spring support 21 located at the end of the body 20. One side of the body 20 is provided with an axial section 22 that can fit against the transparent glass surface of the soil tank 19 to observe the displacement of the penetrometer 10 and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process.

[0062] Specifically as follows:

[0063] The function of the semi-profile penetrometer is to allow the axial section 22 of the penetrometer 10 to penetrate the soil along the glass during impact penetrometer 10 tests. Since one side of the matching soil tank 19 is completely transparent glass, researchers can observe the displacement of the penetrometer 10 and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process. The three-dimensional deformation process can be recorded using a high-speed camera on a digital image correlation (DIC) testing device. The structure of the semi-profile penetrometer 10 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown. The semi-segmentation penetrator 10 retains the sabot 21 to meet installation requirements and limit function.

[0064] To meet the requirements for observing the displacement of the penetrometer 10 and soil deformation during the penetration process, in addition to designing the penetrometer 10 as a semi-sectional structure, a specific side surface of the new soil tank 19 is designed as transparent tempered glass. This facilitates the DIC testing device to capture images of the penetration process for calculating the soil displacement and velocity fields. The structure and dimensions of the transparent soil tank 19 are as follows: Figure 12 As shown. All steel is SUS304 steel, and the glass is tempered glass, bonded together with double 10mm thick glass. The enclosure is leak-proof and shockproof, with its stainless steel surface mechanically polished and the vibration table's vibration plate blackened.

[0065] The DIC testing device consists of a high-speed camera 23, a light source 24, a wireless bridge 25, a control computer 26, a lens, a tripod, and analysis software. The high-speed camera 23 captures detailed motion images of a high-speed rigid body by setting a reasonable sampling frame rate. The light source 24 provides supplementary lighting for the high-speed camera 23 during filming. Figure 9 As shown.

[0066] Due to the complex on-site wiring, the high-speed camera 23 communicates with the control computer 26 via a wireless bridge 25. The control computer 26 is equipped with camera control software and analysis software. The camera control software is responsible for sending camera parameters and acquiring real-time preview images. The data transmission link is as follows: Figure 10 As shown. The analysis software processes the video images captured by the high-speed camera 23, automatically acquires the velocity, acceleration, displacement and other motion dimensions of the high-speed moving rigid body, and fits the motion trajectory of the rigid body; the tripod is used for camera mounting; the analysis software supports monocular and binocular analysis, and supports functions such as pixel calibration, checkerboard calibration, total station calibration, and multi-camera video stitching.

[0067] To achieve DIC field quantity testing, a dual-pulse laser 27, DIC analysis software, and a dual-pulse synchronization controller are used. The dual-pulse laser 27 emits sheet light from the bottom to the top of the soil tank via a light guide arm, facilitating three-dimensional field quantity testing. The dual-pulse synchronization controller enables precise synchronization of the laser pulses with the high-speed camera 23. Using one camera allows for planar field quantity testing (2D2C), while using two cameras allows for three-dimensional field quantity testing (2D3C). The soil flow field measurement diagram is shown below. Figure 11 As shown.

[0068] The high-speed camera 23 has a full-frame resolution of 2560×1920 and a full-frame shooting frame rate of 2000 frames per second (1000 pairs of images in dual-pulse DIC mode). It supports ROI functionality, which can increase the shooting frame rate by reducing the image resolution. The camera has 64GB of memory and can continuously shoot for 6 seconds at full-frame, full-frame rate. It supports memory partitioning and can shoot multiple video sequences. The light source 24 consists of two flicker-free 200W LED fill lights, used with a custom-designed light condenser to evenly illuminate the target. A 2M high pneumatic bracket is provided to support the light source 24. The camera and light source 24 are... Figure 9 As shown.

[0069] The analysis software supports: 1. Measurement of rigid body velocity, acceleration, displacement, etc.; 2. Export of analysis data in CSV format; 3. Monocular and binocular analysis; 4. Checkerboard, total station, and pixel scale calibration; 5. Multi-camera image stitching; 6. GAMMA correction; 7. Image processing such as DEMOSIC; 8. Video editing.

[0070] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present application within the essence and scope of protection of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A power device for driving a penetrator, characterized in that, The device includes a speed measuring instrument (1), a transmitting tube (2) and an adapter (3) connected sequentially along the same axis. The side of the adapter (3) is connected sequentially to a first solenoid valve (4), a small air chamber (5), a second solenoid valve (6) and an air source. The air chamber (5) is also equipped with a pressure sensor (7) for detecting the air pressure inside the air chamber (5). The adapter (3) is provided with a loading port (8) for loading a penetrator (10) into the firing tube (2) on the side away from the firing tube (2), and a plug (9) for sealing the loading port (8) is connected to the loading port (8). The adapter (3) or the launching tube (2) is provided with a loading fixing component for fixing the penetrator (10) to prevent the penetrator (10) from falling freely during the loading process. The penetrometer (10) is a semi-section penetrometer (10), which includes a body (20) and a circular spring support (21) located at the end of the body (20). One side of the body (20) is configured as an axial section (22) that can fit against the transparent glass surface of the soil tank (19) directly below the power unit, so as to observe the displacement of the penetrometer (10) and the deformation of the soil during the penetration process.

2. The power device for driving a penetrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading and fixing component includes a hook (11) and a rope (12). The hook (11) is fixedly installed on the plug (9). One end of the rope (12) is fixedly connected to the penetrator (10), and the other end is hung on the hook (11).

3. The power device for driving a penetrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading and fixing components include an inflatable pad (13), a reversing valve (14), and a pressure regulating valve (15) connected in sequence. The pressure regulating valve (15) is connected to the air source. The inflatable pad (13) is set in the air pad groove (16) inside the launch tube (2), so that the inflatable pad (13) can expand or shrink to fix or release the penetrator (10).

4. A power device for driving a penetrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A safety valve (17) is also installed between the air chamber (5) and the second solenoid valve (6).

5. A three-dimensional deformation field testing device for soil using penetration testing, characterized in that, Includes the power unit as described in any one of claims 1-4, the power unit being mounted on the launcher (18).

6. The soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device for penetration testing according to claim 5, characterized in that, A high-speed camera (23) is installed on the outside of the transparent glass of the soil tank (19) to capture video images of the penetrator (10) penetrating the soil tank (19). Light sources (24) are provided on both sides of the high-speed camera (23) to supplement the light for the high-speed camera (23).

7. The soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device for penetration testing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The high-speed camera (23) is connected to the control computer (26) via a wireless bridge (25). The control computer (26) is equipped with camera control software and analysis software. The camera control software is responsible for sending parameters of the high-speed camera (23) and acquiring real-time preview images of the camera. The analysis software is used to process the video images captured by the high-speed camera (23) to obtain the motion dimensions of the penetrator (10) and fit the motion trajectory of the penetrator (10).

8. A three-dimensional deformation field testing device for soil using penetration testing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The soil three-dimensional deformation field testing device also includes a dual-pulse laser (27) and a dual-pulse synchronization controller, which enables the pulses of the dual-pulse laser (27) and the high-speed camera (23) to be accurately synchronized. Two high-speed cameras (23) are provided to achieve three-dimensional field quantity testing.

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