Bolt bearing capacity test device and test method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of bolt detection, and discloses a bolt bearing capacity test device and a test method. The first turntable of the bolt bearing capacity test device is rotatably arranged on the first mounting seat, and a plurality of first bolt mounting holes are spaced apart on the first turntable. The second turntable is rotatably arranged on the second mounting seat, and a plurality of second bolt mounting holes corresponding to each first bolt mounting hole are opened on the second turntable. The second mounting seat can be moved relative to the first mounting seat so that the first bolt mounting hole and the corresponding second bolt mounting hole are coaxially opposite or offset. The bolt bearing capacity test device can realize the bearing capacity test of bolts of different models through a set of devices, thereby improving the test efficiency. The device itself can form a loading force on the bolt, simplifying the loading steps and the operation process of the staff. The present invention also provides a bolt bearing capacity test method, and the bolt bearing capacity test device can be used to test the bolt bearing capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bolt detection, and in particular to a bolt bearing capacity testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] In steel structure buildings, high-strength bolts are used to connect steel beams, steel columns and other main structures to ensure the integrity and stability of the building structure. For friction-type and pressure-bearing high-strength bolts, the evaluation of their bearing capacity is particularly important. Usually, a special high-strength bolt anti-slip test machine is used with the corresponding fixture to test their bearing capacity.

[0003] The fixture of the existing high-strength bolt bearing capacity test device usually includes a base, a core plate and a side plate. The core plate is set between the two side plates. Through holes are opened on the core plate and the two side plates. The high-strength bolt specimen is inserted into the through holes and fixedly connected to the core plate and the two side plates to simulate the situation of high-strength bolts connecting steel structures. After the bolts are installed, the fixture is moved to the anti-slip test machine for bearing capacity test.

[0004] However, in the bearing capacity test of high-strength bolts, it is usually necessary to test multiple groups of bolts of different models. The fixture of the existing high-strength bolt bearing capacity test device needs to replace the core plate, side plate and matching sensors of different specifications for different types of bolts. The replacement process is relatively cumbersome, which greatly reduces the test efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bolt bearing capacity testing device and a testing method to solve the problem that when the existing testing device tests bolts of different models, it is necessary to replace matching parts of different specifications, thereby resulting in low testing efficiency.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] Bolt bearing capacity test device, including:

[0008] a first mounting seat;

[0009] a first rotating disk, the first rotating disk being rotatably disposed on the first mounting seat, a plurality of first bolt mounting holes being spaced apart on the first rotating disk, and at least some of the plurality of first bolt mounting holes having different diameters;

[0010] a second mounting base;

[0011] a second rotating disk, the second rotating disk being rotatably disposed on the second mounting seat, and the second rotating disk being provided with a plurality of second bolt mounting holes corresponding to the first bolt mounting holes one by one;

[0012] A pressure sensor, wherein a plurality of the pressure sensors are arranged on one axial side of the first rotating disk and correspond to each of the first bolt mounting holes one by one, and an assembly through hole for the bolt to pass through is opened on the pressure sensor, and the assembly through hole is coaxially arranged with the corresponding first bolt mounting hole;

[0013] The second mounting seat can move relative to the first mounting seat so that the first bolt mounting hole and the corresponding second bolt mounting hole are coaxially opposite or offset.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first turntable includes two coaxial and spaced-apart disk bodies, both of which are provided with first bolt mounting holes, and the first bolt mounting holes with the same diameter on the two disk bodies are coaxially arranged, and when the first bolt mounting holes are coaxially opposite to the corresponding second bolt mounting holes, the second turntable is embedded between the two disk bodies.

[0015] In one embodiment, a plurality of the first bolt mounting holes with different diameters are distributed circumferentially on the first turntable, and at least two of the first bolt mounting holes with the same diameter are distributed radially on the first turntable.

[0016] In one embodiment, the bolt bearing capacity testing device further includes two torque loading mechanisms, and the two torque loading mechanisms are respectively located on two axial sides of the first rotating disk.

[0017] In one embodiment, the torque loading mechanism includes a translation component, a telescopic component, a torque driving component and a clamping component, wherein the clamping component is fixedly disposed at the output end of the torque driving component, the translation component is configured to drive the torque driving component to move in a horizontal direction, and the telescopic component is configured to drive the torque driving component to approach or move away from the first turntable.

[0018] In one embodiment, when at least two of the first bolt mounting holes having the same diameter are radially distributed on the first turntable, the torque loading mechanism further includes a lifting assembly, and the lifting assembly is configured to drive the torque driving member to lift and lower.

[0019] In one embodiment, the clamping member is a torque sleeve having a groove therein, and the inner circumferential contour size of the groove decreases in a step-like manner along the axial direction of the torque sleeve from an end close to the first turntable to an end away from the first turntable to adapt to clamping bolts of different models.

[0020] In one embodiment, a first driving mechanism is provided on the first mounting seat, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the first turntable to rotate; a second driving mechanism is provided on the second mounting seat, and the second driving mechanism is used to drive the second turntable to rotate; the bolt bearing capacity testing device also includes a third driving mechanism, and the third driving mechanism is used to drive the second mounting seat to move relative to the first mounting seat.

[0021] In one embodiment, the pressure sensor further includes a cable, an internal channel is opened at the center of the first rotating disk, and the cable of the pressure sensor is led out from the internal channel.

[0022] A bolt bearing capacity test method, wherein the bolt comprises a screw rod and a nut, wherein the bolt is tested using the above-mentioned bolt bearing capacity test device, and the bolt bearing capacity test method comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. Determine the specifications of the bolts to be tested, drive the second mounting seat to move relative to the first mounting seat, and drive the first turntable and the second turntable to rotate, so that the first bolt mounting hole adapted to the bolts of the specifications and the second bolt mounting hole are in a coaxial facing state;

[0024] S2, inserting the screw rod into the pressure sensor, the first bolt mounting hole and the second bolt mounting hole, and installing the nut on the side where the screw rod passes out;

[0025] S3, applying torque to the bolt, and loading the torque of the bolt to a preset value according to the detection value of the pressure sensor, thereby completing the installation of the bolt;

[0026] S4. Apply a force to the second mounting seat away from the first mounting seat until the bolt slides and breaks, and record the detection value of the pressure sensor at this time.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] The present invention provides a bolt bearing capacity test device, comprising a first mounting seat, a first turntable, a second mounting seat, a second turntable and a pressure sensor. The first turntable is rotatably arranged on the first mounting seat, and a plurality of first bolt mounting holes are spaced apart on the first turntable, and at least some of the plurality of first bolt mounting holes have different diameters; the second turntable is rotatably arranged on the second mounting seat, and a plurality of second bolt mounting holes corresponding to the first bolt mounting holes are provided on the second turntable. A plurality of pressure sensors are arranged on one axial side of the first turntable and correspond to the first bolt mounting holes one by one; an assembly through hole for the bolt to pass through is provided on the pressure sensor, and the assembly through hole is coaxially arranged with the corresponding first bolt mounting hole. The second mounting seat can move relative to the first mounting seat so that the first bolt mounting hole and the corresponding second bolt mounting hole are coaxially opposite or offset. The bolt bearing capacity test device can realize the bearing capacity test of bolts of different models through a set of devices, avoiding the cumbersome accessory replacement process and improving the test efficiency. The second mounting seat can move relative to the first mounting seat, so that the first rotating disk is away from the second rotating disk, forming a loading force on the bolt, and the bearing capacity of the bolt is reflected by the detection value of the pressure sensor, simplifying the loading steps and the operation process of the staff. The present invention also provides a bolt bearing capacity test method, which can use the bolt bearing capacity test device to test the bolt bearing capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bolt bearing capacity testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of one angle of the bolt bearing capacity testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a front view of a bolt bearing capacity testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the bolt bearing capacity testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention from another angle;

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a torque loading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure sensor described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure:

[0036] 1. First mounting seat; 2. First turntable; 21. First bolt mounting hole; 22. Disk body; 3. Second mounting seat; 4. Second turntable; 41. Second bolt mounting hole; 5. Pressure sensor; 51. Assembly through hole; 6. Torque loading mechanism; 61. Translation assembly; 62. Telescopic assembly; 63. Torque driving member; 64. Clamping member; 65. Lifting assembly; 7. First driving mechanism; 8. Second driving mechanism; 9. Third driving mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar parts or parts having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in contact with the second feature through another feature between them instead of being in direct contact. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, the present invention provides a bolt bearing capacity test device, including a first mounting seat 1, a first turntable 2, a second mounting seat 3, a second turntable 4 and a pressure sensor 5. The first turntable 2 is rotatably arranged on the first mounting seat 1, and a plurality of first bolt mounting holes 21 are arranged at intervals on the first turntable 2, and the diameters of at least some of the plurality of first bolt mounting holes 21 are different. The second turntable 4 is rotatably arranged on the second mounting seat 3, and a plurality of second bolt mounting holes 41 corresponding to each first bolt mounting hole 21 are opened on the second turntable 4. A plurality of pressure sensors 5 are arranged on one side of the axial direction of the first turntable 2 and correspond to each first bolt mounting hole 21 one by one. The pressure sensor 5 is provided with an assembly through hole 51 for the bolt to pass through, and the assembly through hole 51 is coaxially arranged with the corresponding first bolt mounting hole 21. The second mounting seat 3 can be moved relative to the first mounting seat 1 so that the first bolt mounting hole 21 is coaxially opposite to or away from the corresponding second bolt mounting hole 41. It can be understood that the diameter of the first bolt mounting hole 21 is the same as the diameter of the corresponding second bolt mounting hole 41.

[0042] The bolt bearing capacity testing device can realize the bearing capacity test of bolts of different types with a set of devices, avoiding the cumbersome accessory replacement process and improving the test efficiency. In addition, the second mounting seat 3 can move relative to the first mounting seat 1, so that the first turntable 2 is away from the second turntable 4, forming a loading force on the bolt, and the bearing capacity of the bolt is reflected by the detection value of the pressure sensor 5, which simplifies the loading steps and the operation process of the staff.

[0043] Specifically, if Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the second mounting seat 3 is located above the first mounting seat 1, and the second mounting seat 3 can be raised and lowered relative to the first mounting seat 1 so that the first bolt mounting hole 21 and the corresponding second bolt mounting hole 41 are coaxially opposite or offset. Further, the first mounting seat 1 includes two first assembly plates and a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged between the two first assembly plates, and the first rotating disk 2 is fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft and can rotate with the first rotating shaft. The second mounting seat 3 includes two second assembly plates and a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotatably arranged between the two second assembly plates, and the second rotating disk 4 is fixedly installed on the second rotating shaft and can rotate with the second rotating shaft.

[0044] Preferably, if Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the first mounting seat 1 is provided with a first driving mechanism 7 for driving the first turntable 2 to rotate, and the second mounting seat 3 is provided with a second driving mechanism 8 for driving the second turntable 4 to rotate. The bolt bearing capacity test device also includes a third driving mechanism 9 for driving the second mounting seat 3 to move relative to the first mounting seat 1. By providing the first driving mechanism 7, the second driving mechanism 8 and the third driving mechanism 9, the labor intensity of the staff during the bolt installation and testing process is reduced, and the degree of automation of the bolt bearing capacity device is further improved.

[0045] Optionally, the first driving mechanism 7 includes a driving motor, a gear disposed on a driving shaft of the driving motor, and a toothed disc disposed on the first rotating shaft, and the driving motor drives the first rotating disc 2 to rotate by meshing the gear with the toothed disc on the first rotating shaft to adjust the position of the first bolt mounting hole 21. The second driving mechanism 8 has the same structure and principle as the first driving mechanism 7, and is used to drive the second rotating disc 4 to rotate to adjust the position of the second bolt mounting hole 41.

[0046] In one embodiment, the third driving mechanism 9 includes a driving motor, a screw lifting column and a screw lifting sleeve, wherein the screw lifting column is fixedly mounted on the first mounting seat 1, and the second mounting seat 3 is movably connected to the screw lifting column. Specifically, the screw lifting sleeve is screwed to the screw lifting column and is fixedly connected to the second mounting seat 3. The screw lifting sleeve includes an internally threaded sleeve installed inside through bearings at both ends, and the internally threaded sleeve is screwed to the screw lifting column. The driving motor is arranged in the screw lifting sleeve and drives the internally threaded tube to rotate, so that the screw lifting sleeve is lifted and lowered along the screw lifting column, and the second mounting seat 3 is lifted and lowered and translated and slid under the drive of the screw lifting sleeve, so that the second mounting seat 3 is close to or away from the first mounting seat 1.

[0047] Preferably, if Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the first turntable 2 includes two coaxial and spaced disc bodies 22, specifically, the first rotating shaft passes through the centers of the two disc bodies 22, the two disc bodies 22 are fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, the two disc bodies 22 are spaced on the first rotating shaft, and the gap between the two disc bodies 22 is slightly larger than the thickness of the second turntable 4. The two disc bodies 22 are both provided with first bolt mounting holes 21, and the first bolt mounting holes 21 with the same diameter on the two disc bodies 22 are coaxially arranged. When the first bolt mounting hole 21 is adjusted to be coaxially opposite to the second bolt mounting hole 41, the second turntable 4 is embedded between the two disc bodies 22. Two coaxial and spaced-apart discs 22 replace the two side plates of the original test device, and the first turntable 2 is equivalent to the core plate of the original test device. When the bolts are loaded, the tension or shear force borne by the bolts can be more evenly distributed in various parts, so that the stress state of the bolts during the test process is closer to the stress state in actual application. Compared with the first turntable 2 which only includes one disc 22, such a structural design is more in line with the test standard of the bolt bearing capacity test, and the test result of the bolt bearing capacity is more accurate.

[0048] Preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of first bolt mounting holes 21 of different diameters are distributed circumferentially on the first turntable 2, at least two first bolt mounting holes 21 of the same diameter are distributed radially on the first turntable 2, and the number and distribution position of the second bolt mounting holes 41 on the second turntable 4 are consistent with the first turntable 2. By setting a plurality of first bolt mounting holes 21 and second bolt mounting holes 41 of different diameters distributed circumferentially, the bolt bearing capacity test device can test bolts of different types; by setting at least two first bolt mounting holes 21 and second bolt mounting holes 41 of the same diameter distributed radially, at least two bolts of the same type can be tested simultaneously. Optionally, the number of first bolt mounting holes 21 of different diameters distributed in the circumferential array of the first turntable 2 is six, corresponding to bolts of M10, M12, M14, M16, M18 and M20 types, respectively. The number of first bolt mounting holes 21 of the same diameter distributed radially on the first turntable 2 is two, which satisfies the requirement of testing two bolts of the same type at the same time.

[0049] Preferably, if Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the bolt bearing capacity test device also includes two torque loading mechanisms 6, and the two torque loading mechanisms 6 are respectively located on both sides of the axial direction of the first rotating disk 2. In one embodiment, the two torque loading mechanisms 6 are respectively arranged on two first assembly plates on the first mounting seat 1. The torque loading mechanism 6 can load the bolt with torque, realizing the whole process steps of the bolt bearing capacity test device from bolt assembly to test, without the need to carry the test device back and forth, which greatly improves the test efficiency.

[0050] Specifically, if Figure 5 As shown, the torque loading mechanism 6 includes a translation assembly 61, a telescopic assembly 62, a torque driver 63 and a clamp 64. The clamp 64 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the torque driver 63. The clamp 64 can adjust the opening size according to the size of different types of bolts to clamp bolt heads of different sizes. Optionally, the clamp 64 can also be a clamping claw, which can adjust the opening angle of the clamp head according to different types of bolts, and cooperate with the torque driver 63 to load the bolt with torque. The translation assembly 61 is configured to drive the torque driver 63 to move in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the first turntable 2 in the horizontal direction, and the telescopic assembly 62 is configured to drive the torque driver 63 to move closer to or away from the first turntable 2 along the axial direction of the first turntable 2. The clamping members 64 arranged on both sides of the axial direction of the first turntable 2 respectively cooperate with the screw and nut of the bolt, and the torque of the bolt reaches a preset value through the rotation of the torque driving member 63 and the clamping member 64, and the translation assembly 61 and the telescopic assembly 62 ensure that the torque driving member 63 and the clamping member 64 have the freedom to move toward and away from the first turntable 2 in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the first turntable 2 and in the axial direction of the first turntable 2. When the bolt is installed to the first bolt mounting hole 21 and the second bolt mounting hole 41, the torque loading mechanism 6 can avoid the position of the bolt mounting hole, and the torque driving member 63 and the clamping member 64 can adjust the position.

[0051] Specifically, mounting frames are welded on the two first assembly plates on the first mounting seat 1, and the torque loading mechanism 6 is arranged on the mounting frame. The torque driving member 63 is arranged at the output end of the telescopic assembly 62, and the telescopic assembly 62 is arranged at the output end of the translation assembly 61, and the translation assembly 61 is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame. The torque driving member 63 is a torque loading motor, and the translation assembly 61 and the telescopic assembly 62 are both common linear driving mechanisms in the prior art, such as hydraulic cylinders, linear slides, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0052] Preferably, if Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, when at least two first bolt mounting holes 21 of the same diameter are radially distributed on the first turntable 2, the torque loading mechanism 6 also includes a lifting assembly 65, and the lifting assembly 65 is configured to drive the torque driving member 63 and the clamping member 64 to rise and fall. When at least two bolts of the same model need to be tested at the same time, the torque loading mechanism 6 can adjust the height through the lifting assembly 65, thereby performing torque loading on at least two bolts.

[0053] Exemplarily, the lifting assembly 65 is a screw translation structure, including a lifting screw, a lifting slider and a screw drive motor. An installation slot is opened on the mounting frame. The lifting screw of the lifting assembly 65 is vertically installed in the installation slot. The lifting slider is screwed to the lifting screw. The telescopic assembly 62 is arranged at the output end of the translation assembly 61, and the translation assembly 61 is arranged at the output end of the lifting assembly 65. It can be understood that the connection sequence between the translation assembly 61, the telescopic assembly 62, the torque driving member 63 and the lifting assembly 65 can be flexibly set to meet the requirements that the torque driving member 63 and the clamping member 64 have the directions perpendicular to the axis of the first turntable 2 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and the freedom to approach and move away from the first bolt mounting hole 21 along the axis of the first turntable 2.

[0054] In one embodiment, the clamping member 64 is a torque sleeve, and a groove is provided in the torque sleeve. The inner peripheral contour size of the groove decreases in a stepped manner from the end close to the first rotary disk 2 to the end away from the first rotary disk 2 along the axial direction of the torque sleeve, so as to adapt to clamping bolts of different models. In one embodiment, six layers of stepped hexagonal grooves are provided in the torque sleeve, so as to adapt to clamping bolts of M10, M12, M14, M16, M18 and M20 specifications.

[0055] Preferably, the pressure sensor 5 is installed on one axial side of the first turntable 2 through a spring sheet. The pressure sensor 5 includes a cable, which transmits the electrical signal converted by the pressure sensor to the data acquisition system. An internal channel is opened at the center of the first turntable 2. The cable of the pressure sensor 5 is led out from the internal channel and led out to the bolt bearing capacity test device through a hollow channel opened in the first rotating shaft to prevent the cable of the pressure sensor 5 from getting entangled during the rotation of the first turntable 2.

[0056] The present invention also provides a bolt bearing capacity test method, wherein the bolt comprises a screw rod and a nut, and the bolt bearing capacity is tested by using the above-mentioned bolt bearing capacity test device. The bolt bearing capacity test method comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1. Determine the specifications of the bolts to be tested, drive the second mounting seat 3 to move relative to the first mounting seat 1, and drive the first turntable 2 and the second turntable 4 to rotate, so that the first bolt mounting hole 21 and the second bolt mounting hole 41 adapted to the bolts of the specifications are in a coaxial facing state;

[0058] S2, insert the screw into the pressure sensor 5, the first bolt mounting hole 21 and the second bolt mounting hole 41, and install a nut on the side where the screw passes through;

[0059] S3, applying torque to the bolt, and loading the torque of the bolt to a preset value through the detection value of the pressure sensor 5, thereby completing the installation of the bolt;

[0060] S4. Apply a force away from the first mounting seat 1 to the second mounting seat 3. When loading, first add 10% of the anti-slip design load value, then keep it for three minutes, and then load it steadily. This can pre-tighten and eliminate the gap and check the quality of the bolt installation, so that the stress distribution on the contact surface is more uniform and accurate bearing capacity test data can be obtained. The loading speed is set to 3kN / s until the bolt slides and fails, and the detection value of the pressure sensor 5 is recorded at this time.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Bolt bearing capacity test device, characterized in that: include: A first mounting seat (1); a first rotating disk (2), the first rotating disk (2) being rotatably disposed on the first mounting seat (1), a plurality of first bolt mounting holes (21) being spaced apart on the first rotating disk (2), and at least some of the plurality of first bolt mounting holes (21) having different diameters; A second mounting seat (3); a second rotating disk (4), the second rotating disk (4) being rotatably disposed on the second mounting seat (3), and the second rotating disk (4) being provided with a plurality of second bolt mounting holes (41) corresponding one-to-one to each of the first bolt mounting holes (21); A pressure sensor (5), wherein a plurality of the pressure sensors (5) are arranged on one axial side of the first rotating disk (2) and correspond one to one with each of the first bolt mounting holes (21); an assembly through hole (51) for the bolt to pass through is provided on the pressure sensor (5); the assembly through hole (51) is coaxially arranged with the corresponding first bolt mounting hole (21); The second mounting seat (3) is movable relative to the first mounting seat (1) so that the first bolt mounting hole (21) and the corresponding second bolt mounting hole (41) are coaxially opposite or offset.

2. The bolt bearing capacity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first turntable (2) comprises two coaxial and spaced-apart disk bodies (22), each of the two disk bodies (22) being provided with a first bolt mounting hole (21), and the first bolt mounting holes (21) on the two disk bodies (22) being coaxially arranged with the same diameter, and when the first bolt mounting hole (21) is coaxially aligned with the corresponding second bolt mounting hole (41), the second turntable (4) is embedded between the two disk bodies (22).

3. The bolt bearing capacity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the first bolt mounting holes (21) of different diameters are distributed on the first rotating disk (2) along the circumferential direction, and at least two of the first bolt mounting holes (21) of the same diameter are distributed on the first rotating disk (2) along the radial direction.

4. The bolt bearing capacity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt bearing capacity testing device further comprises two torque loading mechanisms (6), and the two torque loading mechanisms (6) are respectively located on two axial sides of the first rotating disk (2).

5. The bolt bearing capacity testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The torque loading mechanism (6) comprises a translation assembly (61), a telescopic assembly (62), a torque driving member (63) and a clamping member (64); the clamping member (64) is fixedly arranged at the output end of the torque driving member (63); the translation assembly (61) is configured to drive the torque driving member (63) to move in a horizontal direction; and the telescopic assembly (62) is configured to drive the torque driving member (63) to move closer to or away from the first turntable (2).

6. The bolt bearing capacity testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: When at least two of the first bolt mounting holes (21) of the same diameter are radially distributed on the first turntable (2), the torque loading mechanism (6) further comprises a lifting assembly (65), and the lifting assembly (65) is configured to drive the torque driving member (63) to rise and fall.

7. The bolt bearing capacity testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping member (64) is a torque sleeve, and a groove is arranged inside the torque sleeve. The inner peripheral contour size of the groove decreases in a step-like manner along the axial direction of the torque sleeve from an end close to the first turntable (2) to an end away from the first turntable (2) to adapt to clamping bolts of different models.

8. The bolt bearing capacity testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first mounting seat (1) is provided with a first driving mechanism (7), the first driving mechanism (7) being used to drive the first turntable (2) to rotate; the second mounting seat (3) is provided with a second driving mechanism (8), the second driving mechanism (8) being used to drive the second turntable (4) to rotate; the bolt bearing capacity testing device further comprises a third driving mechanism (9), the third driving mechanism (9) being used to drive the second mounting seat (3) to move relative to the first mounting seat (1).

9. The bolt bearing capacity testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (5) also includes a wiring harness. An internal channel is opened at the center of the first rotating disk (2), and the wiring harness of the pressure sensor (5) is led out from the internal channel.

10. A method for testing the bearing capacity of a bolt, wherein the bolt comprises a screw rod and a nut, characterized in that: The bolt bearing capacity testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used to test the bolt, and the bolt bearing capacity testing method comprises the following steps: S1. Determine the specifications of the bolts to be tested, drive the second mounting seat (3) to move relative to the first mounting seat (1), and drive the first turntable (2) and the second turntable (4) to rotate, so that the first bolt mounting hole (21) and the second bolt mounting hole (41) adapted for the bolts of the specifications are in a coaxial facing state; S2, inserting the screw rod into the pressure sensor (5), the first bolt mounting hole (21) and the second bolt mounting hole (41), and installing the nut on the side where the screw rod passes out; S3, applying torque to the bolt, and loading the torque of the bolt to a preset value through the detection value of the pressure sensor (5), thereby completing the installation of the bolt; S4. Apply a force to the second mounting seat (3) away from the first mounting seat (1) until the bolt slides and breaks, and record the detection value of the pressure sensor (5) at this time.

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