Bolt limiting mechanism, bolt shear test device and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of bolt shear force testing, and discloses a bolt limiting mechanism, a bolt shear test device and a method. The bolt limiting mechanism includes a support component and a limiting component, and the limiting component includes two limiting members, each support component is rotatably provided with a limiting member, and each limiting member is provided with at least two limiting holes with different apertures, and the two limiting members can overlap each other so that at least one group of limiting holes with the same aperture is aligned to pass the bolt. By rotating the two limiting members, the limiting holes with the same aperture can be aligned, and there is no need to replace the bolt limiting mechanism, which simplifies the operation steps and improves the efficiency of the bolt shear test. The bolt shear test device includes a universal testing machine and a bolt limiting mechanism, and the universal testing machine applies force to the support member to drive the two limiting members to apply shear force to the bolt, thereby improving the efficiency of the bolt shear test. The bolt shear test method adopts a bolt shear device to improve the efficiency of the bolt shear test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bolt shear force testing, and in particular to a bolt limiting mechanism, a bolt shear testing device and a method. Background Art

[0002] The bolt shear force test can measure the shear strength and deformation of the bolt, and then evaluate the reliability of the bolt in practical application. When conducting a bolt shear force test, a bolt limiter is required to limit the movement of the bolt, and a universal testing machine is used to conduct a shear force test on the bolt. In the prior art, a limit hole for accommodating the bolt is provided on the bolt limiter, but the hole diameter is fixed. For bolts with different hole diameters, it is necessary to replace different limiters with limit holes of different hole diameters, which causes reverse locking and reduces the efficiency of the bolt test. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a bolt limiting mechanism, a bolt shear test device and a method, which can improve the efficiency of the bolt test without replacing the limiting mechanism for bolts with different hole diameters to be tested.

[0004] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The bolt limiting mechanism includes:

[0006] A support assembly, comprising two support members spaced apart;

[0007] The limiting assembly includes two limiting members, each of which is rotatably provided with a limiting member, each of which is provided with at least two limiting holes with different apertures, and the two limiting members can overlap each other so that at least one group of limiting holes with the same aperture are aligned to pass bolts.

[0008] In the above-mentioned bolt limiting mechanism, the limiting member is a rectangular plate, the limiting holes opened on the limiting member are arranged at intervals along a first straight line, and when two limiting members overlap each other, the first straight line passes through the rotation axis of each limiting member.

[0009] In the above-mentioned bolt limiting mechanism, the limiting member is provided with two limiting holes, and the two limiting holes are distributed on both sides of the rotation axis of the limiting member.

[0010] In the above-mentioned bolt limiting mechanism, the distance between the rotation axis of one of the limiting members and the center lines of the two limiting holes are L1 and L2 respectively, the distance between the rotation axis of the other limiting member and the center lines of the two limiting holes are L3 and L4 respectively, and L1+L4=L2+L3.

[0011] In the above-mentioned bolt limiting mechanism, the limiting member is a circular plate, the rotation axis of the limiting member is the center line of the circular plate, and the limiting holes opened on the limiting member are arranged at intervals around the rotation axis.

[0012] In the above-mentioned bolt limiting mechanism, on each limiting member, the distances between the center lines of at least two of the limiting holes and the rotation axis of the limiting member are not equal.

[0013] The above-mentioned bolt limiting mechanism further includes a locking assembly, which is arranged between the support member and the limiting member, and the limiting member can be locked by the locking assembly at at least two limiting positions.

[0014] The above-mentioned bolt limiting mechanism, wherein the locking assembly includes a magnetic member, and the magnetic member is arranged on the supporting member and / or the limiting member, so that the limiting member is magnetically locked at the limiting position.

[0015] A bolt shear test device, comprising a universal testing machine and the aforementioned bolt limiting mechanism, wherein the support member is detachably connected to the universal testing machine.

[0016] A bolt shear test method, wherein the bolt shear test device described above is used, comprising:

[0017] S1: Fix the two supports to the universal testing machine respectively;

[0018] S2: Rotate the two limiting members so that at least one set of limiting holes on the two limiting members with the same hole diameter as the bolt to be tested is aligned, and place the bolt in the limiting hole;

[0019] S3: Start the universal testing machine. The two support members are subjected to tension in opposite directions, so that the two limit members exert shear force on the bolts, and the test data is recorded.

[0020] S4: Turn off the universal testing machine and take out the tested bolts;

[0021] S5: Repeat steps S2 to S4 to perform a shear force test on the next bolt to be tested.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The bolt limiting mechanism provided by the present invention can align limiting holes of the same aperture by rotating two limiting parts. Since each limiting part is provided with at least two limiting holes of different apertures, the aperture of the aligned through holes can be changed by rotating the two limiting parts, thereby accommodating bolts to be tested of different apertures. When limiting bolts of different apertures, there is no need to replace the bolt limiting mechanism, thereby simplifying the operating steps and improving the efficiency of the bolt shear test.

[0024] The bolt shear test device provided by the present invention can limit bolts with different hole diameters by adopting a bolt limiting mechanism. After the support member is connected to the universal testing machine, the universal testing machine applies force to the support member, and the support member is subjected to pulling forces in opposite directions, driving two limiting members to apply shear forces to the bolts to perform a bolt shear test. There is no need to replace the bolt limiting mechanism, which simplifies the operation steps and improves the efficiency of the bolt shear test.

[0025] The bolt shear test method provided by the present invention adopts a bolt shear device. First, two support members are fixedly connected to the universal testing machine respectively; second, two limit members are rotated so that at least one set of limit holes on the two limit members with the same diameter as the bolt hole to be tested are aligned, and the bolt is placed in the limit hole; then, the universal testing machine is started, and the two support members are subjected to tension in opposite directions so that the two limit members apply shear force to the bolt, and the test data is recorded; then, the universal testing machine is turned off, and the tested bolt is taken out; finally, the above steps are repeated to perform a shear force test on the next bolt to be tested. There is no need to replace the bolt limit mechanism, which simplifies the operation steps and improves the efficiency of the bolt shear test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a bolt limiting mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a first cross-sectional view of the bolt limiting mechanism provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a second cross-sectional view of the bolt limiting mechanism provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a support assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a position-limiting member provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a bolt limiting mechanism provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiter provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. Support assembly; 11. Support member; 111. Support plate; 112. Support block; 12. Mounting seat;

[0035] 2. Limiting assembly; 21. Limiting piece; 211. Limiting hole;

[0036] 3. Magnetic parts;

[0037] 4. Support shaft;

[0038] 5. Limiting cap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar parts or parts having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in contact with the second feature through another feature between them instead of being in direct contact. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0043] The bolt limiting mechanism, bolt shear test device and method provided by the present invention can improve the efficiency of the bolt test without replacing the limiting mechanism for bolts to be tested with different hole diameters.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the bolt limiting mechanism includes a support component 1 and a limiting component 2, the support component 1 includes two support members 11 arranged at intervals; the limiting component 2 includes two limiting members 21, each support member 11 is rotatably provided with a limiting member 21, each limiting member 21 is provided with at least two limiting holes 211 with different apertures, and the two limiting members 21 can overlap with each other so that at least one group of limiting holes 211 with the same aperture are aligned to pass the bolts.

[0046] The bolt limiting mechanism provided by the present invention can align limiting holes 211 with the same aperture by rotating the two limiting members 21 when in use. Since at least two limiting holes 211 with different apertures are provided on each limiting member 21, the aperture of the aligned through holes can be changed by rotating the two limiting members 21, thereby accommodating bolts to be tested with different apertures. When limiting bolts with different apertures, there is no need to replace the bolt limiting mechanism, which simplifies the operating steps and improves the efficiency of the bolt shear test.

[0047] The function of the support member 11 is to support the stopper 21. The support member 11 may include a support plate 111, a support block 112 and / or a support frame. Figure 1 and Figure 4 Exemplarily, the support member 11 includes two support plates 111 and a support block 112. The two support plates 111 are arranged at intervals. One end of the two support plates 111 is fixedly connected to the support block 112 to form a receiving groove. The receiving groove is used to receive part of the limiting member 21 to improve the stability of the limiting member 21 during rotation.

[0048] The support assembly 1 also includes a mounting seat 12, which can be integrally formed with the support member 11 or detachably connected to the support member 11. Exemplarily, the support member 11 is detachably connected to the mounting seat 12 for easy maintenance, and can be connected using existing bolts, which is convenient and reliable.

[0049] The stopper 21 is rotatably connected to the support member 11, and illustratively, the stopper 21 is connected to the support member 11 via a support shaft 4 or a bearing. Therefore, the stopper 21 can stop rotating at one or more stopper positions around the rotation axis of the stopper 21, so that the two stopper 21 can achieve at least one group of stopper holes 211 with the same aperture to be aligned, and the stopper position is the position of the stopper 21 after the stopper holes 211 with the same aperture are aligned.

[0050] The stopper 21 is connected to the support member 11 through the support shaft 4. The support shaft 4 may be fixedly connected to the support member 11, and the support shaft 4 is passed through the stopper 21; the support shaft 4 may be fixedly connected to the stopper 21, and the support shaft 4 is passed through the support member 11; or the support shaft 4 is designed as a separate body from the support member 11 and the stopper 21, and the support shaft 4 is passed through the support member 11 and the stopper 21 so that the stopper 21 rotates around the support shaft 4.

[0051] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 For example, the support shaft 4 is passed through the support member 11 and the limit member 21. In order to prevent the support shaft 4 from sliding off the limit member 21, limit caps 5 are provided at both ends of the support shaft 4. The limit caps 5 are provided on the outside of the support member 11. The limit caps 5 can be threadedly connected with the support shaft 4, which is convenient to connect and has high reliability. The limit caps 5 can be existing nuts.

[0052] In other embodiments, one side of the stopper 21 may have a protrusion, and a bearing is interference-fitted on the protrusion, and the support member 11 is provided with a bearing hole, and the bearing hole and the outer ring of the bearing are interference-fitted, so that the stopper 21 rotates relative to the support member 11. Optionally, there is a gap between the stopper 21 and the support member 11 to reduce the friction between the stopper 21 and the support member 11 and improve the service life.

[0053] The limiting holes 211 can be opened at any position of the limiting member 21 . The apertures of the limiting holes 211 opened on each limiting member 21 can be unequal, or the apertures of some limiting holes 211 can be unequal, and the design can be based on the bolt test requirements.

[0054] The limiter 21 is rotated to align the limiter holes 211 of the same size, thereby limiting the bolt. The limiter 21 can be a circular plate, a rectangular plate or a triangular plate, which is easy to process and produce and to open the limiter holes 211, and the limiter 21 can be rotated to align the limiter holes 211 of the same size.

[0055] In this embodiment, see Figure 5 The limiting member 21 is a rectangular plate, and the limiting holes 211 on the limiting member 21 are arranged at intervals along the first straight line. When the two limiting members 21 overlap each other, the first straight line passes through the rotation axis of each limiting member 21. The limiting holes 211 are arranged along the first straight line to avoid local stress concentration caused by the asymmetric distribution of the limiting holes 211, so that the limiting member 21 is subjected to force more evenly and the service life is improved. When the two limiting members 21 overlap each other, the first straight line passes through the rotation axis of each limiting member 21, so that the shear force applied to the bolt to be tested is along the first straight line to prevent the bolt to be tested from twisting.

[0056] In other embodiments, the limiting holes 211 may be arranged in a matrix on the rectangular plate. The limiting holes 211 are arranged in one row, two rows, or more than two rows. When the limiting holes 211 are arranged in one row, the limiting holes 211 may be arranged at intervals away from the first straight line; when the limiting holes 211 are arranged in two rows, the limiting holes 211 are arranged at intervals along the second straight line and the third straight line, respectively, and the second straight line and the third straight line are located on both sides of the first straight line.

[0057] The limiting holes 211 can be distributed on both sides of the rotation axis or on one side of the rotation axis. When the limiting member 21 is distributed on both sides of the rotation axis, the number of the limiting holes 211 on each side can be equal or unequal. Exemplarily, the limiting holes 211 are distributed on both sides of the rotation axis, and the number of the limiting holes 211 on each side is equal, so as to improve the stability of the limiting member 21 when rotating.

[0058] Optionally, two limiting holes 211 are provided on the limiting member 21, and the two limiting holes 211 are distributed on both sides of the rotation axis of the limiting member 21. The limiting member 21 can stop rotating at two limiting positions around the rotation axis of the limiting member 21, so that the two limiting members 21 can achieve a group of limiting holes 211 with the same aperture aligned. Optionally, three limiting holes 211 are provided on the limiting member 21, wherein two limiting holes 211 are distributed on one side of the rotation axis of the limiting member 21, and the other limiting hole 211 is distributed on the other side of the rotation axis of the limiting member 21. The limiting member 21 can stop rotating at two limiting positions around the rotation axis of the limiting member 21, so that the two limiting members 21 can achieve a group or two groups of limiting holes 211 with the same aperture aligned.

[0059] Optionally, on each stopper 21, the distances between the center lines of at least two stopper holes 211 and the rotation axis of the stopper 21 are not equal, so as to avoid alignment of stopper holes 211 with different apertures, thereby improving the accuracy of the bolt shear test.

[0060] For example, see Figure 3 , the distances between the rotation axis of one stopper 21 and the center lines of the two stopper holes 211 are L1 and L2 respectively, and the distances between the rotation axis of the other stopper 21 and the center lines of the two stopper holes 211 are L3 and L4 respectively, and L1+L4=L2+L3. The stopper holes 211 with the same aperture are aligned after the stopper 21 is overlapped to improve the efficiency of the bolt shear test.

[0061] Specifically, L1 and L2 are not equal, and L3 and L4 are not equal, so as to avoid the alignment of the limiting hole 211 at L1 with the limiting hole 211 at L4.

[0062] Optionally, the sizes of the two limiting members 21 may be the same, ie, L1 = L3, L2 = L4, to facilitate processing and manufacturing.

[0063] In order to improve the stability of the two limiting members 21 after the limiting holes 211 with the same aperture are aligned, in this embodiment, a locking assembly is further included, which is arranged between the support member 11 and the limiting member 21, and the limiting member 21 can be locked by the locking assembly at least in two limiting positions. The limiting position is the position of the limiting member 21 after the limiting holes 211 with the same aperture are aligned. When the limiting member 21 rotates to the limiting position, the locking assembly locks the support member 11 and the limiting member 21 to prevent the limiting member 21 from rotating, so as to ensure that the two limiting holes 211 after alignment will not be eccentric.

[0064] The locking component can be a top screw mechanism or a magnetic mechanism. Exemplarily, the locking component is a magnetic mechanism, which includes a magnetic component 3. The magnetic component 3 is arranged on the support member 11 and / or the limit member 21 so that the limit member 21 is magnetically locked in the limit position. The structure is simple and easy to install. The magnetic component 3 can be an existing magnet block.

[0065] When the magnetic attraction component 3 is only provided on the support component 11 or the limit component 21, one of the support component 11 and the limit component 21 is provided with the magnetic attraction component 3, and the other one is made of existing carbon steel. When it is necessary to replace the limit holes 211 with different apertures, the tester rotates the limit component 21, and after the limit holes 211 with the same apertures on the two limit components 21 are aligned, the tester releases the limit component 21, and the limit component 21 and the support component 11 are attracted to ensure that the limit holes 211 on the two limit components 21 are not eccentric.

[0066] join Figure 2 and Figure 5 When the magnetic component 3 is arranged on the support component 11 and the limit component 21, a first magnetic component can be arranged on the support component 11, and a plurality of second magnetic components can be arranged on the limit component 21. The position of the second magnetic component is related to the limit position of the limit component 21, that is, when the limit component 21 is in the limit position, the second magnetic component is arranged at the position where the limit component 21 and the support component 11 are in contact, so that when the limit component 21 rotates to any limit position, the first magnetic component can be attracted to the second magnetic component to ensure that the two limit holes 211 are not eccentric.

[0067] It should be noted that the locking assembly locks the support member 11 and the limit member 21 to prevent the two aligned limit holes 211 from being eccentric due to smaller external forces such as equipment vibration. Therefore, the force applied by the locking assembly to the support member 11 and the limit member 21 is relatively small, and the tester can rotate the limit member 21 in the engaged state.

[0068] In this embodiment, the stopper 21 is a rectangular plate. The stopper 21 can stop rotating at two limit positions around the rotation axis of the stopper 21. Two limit holes 211 are provided on the stopper 21. The two limit holes 211 are distributed on both sides of the rotation axis of the stopper 21. For the convenience of description, the two limit holes 211 on one stopper 21 are respectively the first limit hole and the second limit hole. The distances between the rotation axis of the stopper 21 and the first limit hole and the second limit hole are L1 and L2 respectively. The two limit holes 211 on the other stopper 21 are respectively the third limit hole and the fourth limit hole. The distances between the rotation axis of the stopper 21 and the third limit hole and the fourth limit hole are L3 and L4 respectively. The first limit hole has the same aperture as the third limit hole, and the second limit hole has the same aperture as the fourth limit hole. The apertures of the first limit hole and the second limit hole are different.

[0069] When in use, the two limit members 21 are rotated so that the first limit hole and the third limit hole are aligned, and the first magnetic member is attracted to the second magnetic member. If the aperture needs to be changed, the two limit members 21 are rotated 180° respectively so that the third limit hole and the fourth limit hole are aligned. The operation is convenient and the efficiency of the bolt shear test is improved.

[0070] Embodiment 2

[0071] Figure 6 and Figure 7 Embodiment 2 is shown, in which the parts identical or corresponding to those in Embodiment 1 are marked with the corresponding reference numerals in Embodiment 1. For the sake of simplicity, only the differences between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 are described. The difference is that the limit member 21 is a circular plate, the rotation axis of the limit member 21 is the center line of the circular plate, and the limit holes 211 provided on the limit member 21 are arranged at intervals around the rotation axis. The two limit members 21 rotate around their respective rotation axes, so that the limit holes 211 of the same aperture on the two limit members 21 can be aligned. The rotation axis of the limit member 21 is the center line of the circular plate, which can improve the stability of the limit member 21.

[0072] Optionally, the limiting holes 211 are arranged in a circle around the rotation axis, and the center line of the limiting holes 211 is equidistant from the rotation axis for easy processing. The limiting holes 211 in each circle can be spaced at a certain angle, such as 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 120° or 180°.

[0073] In order to ensure that the limiting holes 211 with the same aperture are aligned and the limiting holes 211 with different apertures are staggered after the limiting members 21 are overlapped, thereby improving the accuracy of the bolt shear test, on each limiting member 21, the distances between the center lines of at least two limiting holes 211 and the rotation axis of the limiting member 21 are not equal.

[0074] Optionally, the limit holes 211 are arranged in multiple circles around the rotation axis, with one or more limit holes 211 being provided in each circle, so as to improve the space utilization of the limit member 21. When the limit member 21 rotates around the rotation axis, at least one group of limit holes 211 with the same aperture of the two limit members 21 can be aligned at any limit position, thereby improving the efficiency of the bolt shear test.

[0075] In order to quickly align the limiting holes 211 of the same aperture on the two limiting members 21, and avoid aligning the limiting holes 211 of different apertures. In this embodiment, the limiting member 21 is provided with a mark at the limiting hole 211, and the limiting holes 211 of the same aperture use the same mark. The mark can be the aperture of the limiting hole 211. When in use, determine the aperture of the bolt to be tested, rotate one of the limiting members 21 and observe the mark, find the limiting hole 211 with the same aperture as the bolt to be tested, rotate the other limiting member 21 so that the limiting holes 211 of the same aperture are aligned, place the bolt to be tested in the aligned limiting hole 211 for limiting, and then perform the bolt shear test.

[0076] In this embodiment, the limit member 21 is a circular plate. The limit member 21 can stop rotating at four limit positions around the rotation axis of the limit member 21. Four limit holes 211 are provided on the limit member 21. The four limit holes 211 are arranged at 90° intervals around the rotation axis of the limit member 21, and the distances between the limit holes 211 and the rotation axis of the limit member 21 are not equal.

[0077] When in use, the two limiting members 21 are rotated so that the limiting holes 211 of the same aperture are aligned to limit the bolt to be tested. If the size of the limiting hole 211 needs to be changed, the two limiting members 21 are rotated 90° or 180° respectively so that the other two limiting holes 211 of the same aperture are aligned to limit the bolt to be tested.

[0078] Embodiment 3

[0079] This embodiment provides a bolt shear test device, including a universal testing machine and the bolt limiting mechanism in any of the above embodiments. The support member 11 is detachably connected to the universal testing machine. The universal testing machine can apply opposite tensile force to the support member 11, thereby applying shear force to the bolt to be tested, and performing a bolt shear test.

[0080] When in use, since the bolt shear test device adopts a bolt limiting mechanism, it can limit the bolts with different hole diameters. After the support member 11 is connected to the universal testing machine, the universal testing machine applies force to the support member 11, and the support member 11 is subjected to pulling forces in opposite directions, driving the two limiting members 21 to apply shear forces to the bolts to perform a bolt shear test. There is no need to replace the bolt limiting mechanism, which simplifies the operating steps and improves the efficiency of the bolt shear test.

[0081] The present embodiment also provides a bolt shear test method, which uses the above-mentioned bolt shear test device, including: S1: fixing the two support members 11 to the universal testing machine respectively; S2: rotating the two limit members 21 so that at least one group of limit holes 211 on the two limit members 21 with the same diameter as the bolt hole to be tested are aligned, and the bolt is placed in the limit hole 211; S3: starting the universal testing machine, the two support members 11 are subjected to tension in opposite directions so that the two limit members 21 apply shear force to the bolt, and the test data is recorded; S4: closing the universal testing machine and taking out the tested bolt; S5: repeating steps S2 to S4 to perform a shear force test on the next bolt to be tested.

[0082] The bolt shear test method provided in this embodiment adopts a bolt shear test device, which eliminates the need to replace the bolt limiting mechanism, simplifies the operation steps, and improves the efficiency of the bolt shear test.

[0083] In step S1 , the support member 11 and the universal testing machine may be connected by bolts.

[0084] In step S2 , the bolt to be tested has a nut, and the bolt rod is placed in the aligned limiting hole 211 . Due to gravity, the nut overlaps the limiting member 21 to prevent the bolt from sliding out of the limiting hole 211 .

[0085] In step S3, the universal testing machine pulls the two support members 11 in opposite directions, and the support members 11 pull the limit members 21. Since the bolt to be tested is located in the limit hole 211, the limit members 21 apply a shear force to the bolt to be tested. The two limit members 21 have a tendency to move away from each other, but will not move away from each other. The test personnel record the test data. It is understandable that when the bolt to be tested is subjected to excessive shear force and breaks, the two limit members 21 will move away from each other.

[0086] In step S4, the tested bolt is taken out, the limiting hole 211 is cleaned, and then the shear force test of the next bolt to be tested is performed. Cleaning the limiting hole 211 is to prevent bolt debris from affecting the shear force test of the next bolt to be tested, so as to improve the accuracy of the bolt shear test.

[0087] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Bolt limiting mechanism, characterized in that: include: A support assembly (1) comprising two support members (11) arranged at an interval; The limiting assembly (2) comprises two limiting members (21), one limiting member (21) being rotatably arranged on each of the supporting members (11), each limiting member (21) being provided with at least two limiting holes (211) with different apertures, and the two limiting members (21) being able to overlap each other so that at least one group of limiting holes (211) with the same aperture are aligned to allow bolts to pass through.

2. The bolt limiting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting member (21) is a rectangular plate, the limiting holes (211) provided on the limiting member (21) are arranged at intervals along a first straight line, and when two limiting members (21) overlap each other, the first straight line passes through the rotation axis of each limiting member (21).

3. The bolt limiting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting member (21) is provided with two limiting holes (211), and the two limiting holes (211) are distributed on both sides of the rotation axis of the limiting member (21).

4. The bolt limiting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distances between the rotation axis of one of the limiting members (21) and the center lines of the two limiting holes (211) are L1 and L2 respectively, and the distances between the rotation axis of the other limiting member (21) and the center lines of the two limiting holes (211) are L3 and L4 respectively, and L1+L4=L2+L3.

5. The bolt limiting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting member (21) is a circular plate, the rotation axis of the limiting member (21) is the center line of the circular plate, and the limiting holes (211) provided on the limiting member (21) are arranged at intervals around the rotation axis.

6. The bolt limiting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: On each of the limiting members (21), the distances between the center lines of at least two of the limiting holes (211) and the rotation axis of the limiting member (21) are not equal.

7. The bolt limiting mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a locking assembly, which is arranged between the support member (11) and the limiting member (21), and the limiting member (21) can be locked by the locking assembly at at least two limiting positions.

8. The bolt limiting mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises a magnetic attraction member (3), wherein the magnetic attraction member (3) is arranged on the support member (11) and / or the limiting member (21), so that the limiting member (21) is magnetically locked at the limiting position.

9. Bolt shear test device, characterized in that: It comprises a universal testing machine and the bolt limiting mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the support member (11) is detachably connected to the universal testing machine.

10. Bolt shear test method, characterized in that: The bolt shear test device according to claim 9 comprises: S1: fixing two support members (11) to the universal testing machine respectively; S2: rotating the two limiting members (21) so that at least one set of limiting holes (211) on the two limiting members (21) having the same hole diameter as the bolt to be tested are aligned, and placing the bolt in the limiting hole (211); S3: starting the universal testing machine, the two support members (11) are subjected to tension in opposite directions so that the two limit members (21) exert shear force on the bolts, and the test data are recorded; S4: Turn off the universal testing machine and take out the tested bolts; S5: Repeat steps S2 to S4 to perform a shear force test on the next bolt to be tested.

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