A device and method for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of soil detection technology, and discloses a device and method for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil, comprising a pressure column, which is provided with a pressure measurement circuit inside, for measuring the vertical pressure and transmitting the measurement data to a single-chip control system; a horizontal pressure detection column, which is equipped with a pressure sensor and a sliding side plate pressure measurement circuit, for measuring the horizontal pressure and transmitting the data to the single-chip control system. The device can simultaneously measure the compression resistance index and side sliding degree of farmland soil, accurately measure the vertical and horizontal pressures respectively through the pressure column and the horizontal pressure detection column, and obtain the soil burial depth in combination with the depth measurement circuit in the bin, thereby comprehensively and accurately reflecting the mechanical properties of the soil. For example, in agricultural production, the soil's ability to support the travel and bearing of agricultural machinery can be accurately evaluated, providing a scientific basis for the selection of agricultural machinery and the adjustment of operating parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular to a device and method for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil. Background Art

[0002] The farmland soil structure gives the farmland machinery a certain structural strength, which is used to carry transportation, agricultural machinery and farmland transportation. In the process of agricultural production operations, not understanding the strength of the farmland soil structure will lead to transportation power obstacles, agricultural machinery sinking and damage, etc. Farmland navigation is mainly to prevent such incidents from happening and not affect agricultural production. The marking parameters that mark the farmland operation channel are represented by the soil compressive capacity, the compressive index of the soil's overall sliding and displacement capacity, and the sliding degree parameter. Anti-(or bearing) compression index (kg / cm 3 ) refers to the resistance of the original soil block or the adobe molded into a certain shape to resist the external force to break it. The slippage refers to the degree of movement and subsidence of the "soil as a whole" caused by external force in a short period of time. This is a high-damped soil overall movement, which is quantified using the soil deformation index. When the water content in the soil is high, the subsidence and disintegration of the soil affect agricultural machinery and transportation. Here, the improved longitudinal deformation index is used to define the slippage, which is defined by the measurement method to complete the maximum deformation distance of the soil in the elastic recovery state within a short period of time.

[0003] Most of the data collection of soil compression index uses laboratory methods or manual methods, which is not suitable for accurate data collection of large-scale farmland. For longitudinal soil deformation measurement, there is a laboratory method that uses a slider to sense the ground to measure foundation settlement deformation. The measurement of large-scale farmland and high density has the problem of low efficiency and relatively single measurement technology. To this end, the present invention provides a device and method for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for measuring the compression resistance and sideslip degree of farmland soil. The device can quickly and densely detect the soil bearing capacity of farmland, and provide a technical device for avoiding sinking, damage to agricultural machinery and other incidents for driving and transporting agricultural machinery. It is an important supporting technology for the transportation and operation navigation of agricultural machinery.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil, characterized in that it comprises

[0006] The pressure column has a pressure measurement circuit inside, which is used to measure the vertical pressure and transmit the measurement data to the single-chip control system;

[0007] The horizontal pressure detection column is equipped with a pressure sensor and a sliding side plate pressure measurement circuit, which is used to measure the horizontal pressure and transmit the data to the single-chip control system;

[0008] A horizontal base, providing stable support for the device, with a triangular side body at its bottom;

[0009] The triangular side body has a camera circuit installed on its inclined surface, which is used to cooperate with the equidistant transparent distance measuring holes, lighting circuits and lights on the side panels to measure the soil depth in the warehouse;

[0010] The side plate is connected to the horizontal base through a hinge, and can rotate around the hinge under soil compression to transmit the horizontal pressure to the horizontal pressure detection column;

[0011] The control circuit, with the single-chip microcomputer control system as the core, also includes a switch circuit and a display circuit, which are used to coordinate the work of each part of the circuit to realize data acquisition, processing and display functions.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure measurement circuit adopts a strain gauge bridge circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the transparent ranging holes are arranged at equal distances, with one transparent ranging hole being arranged every 2 cm, and are used to take images through a camera to identify the number of obstructions and calculate the soil burial depth.

[0014] A method for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil, the specific operation is as follows:

[0015] S1. Place the device on the surface of the farmland soil to be tested, align the triangular side surface with the measuring position, turn on the switch circuit, and set the initial pressure value F according to the soil characteristics to be tested and the measurement purpose;

[0016] S2. Slowly insert the device vertically into the soil. The pressure column measures the vertical pressure in real time, and the depth measurement circuit in the chamber continuously monitors the soil burial depth.

[0017] S3. When the depth reaches the limit value, the single-chip control system is automatically triggered to collect the vertical pressure value, horizontal pressure value and soil depth value at this time;

[0018] S4, the single-chip control system calculates the soil pressure resistance value and displacement sliding value according to the collected data, wherein the vertical pressure resistance value ξ=S / F, and S is the horizontal base area, and the displacement sliding value γ=F0 / F, and F0 is the horizontal pressure resistance value;

[0019] S5. Display the calculation results through the display circuit so that the operator can judge the compression resistance and side sliding performance of the soil;

[0020] S6. After completing a measurement, remove the device from the soil and clean it before performing the next measurement operation.

[0021] Preferably, under the action of pressure F, if the measured value of the pressure column is greater than the set value F and the soil depth data in the bin is less than the full bin state, the single-chip control system determines that the compression resistance index is qualified and outputs a corresponding prompt message; if the measured value of the pressure column is less than the set value F, the depth measurement circuit in the bin and the sliding side plate pressure measurement circuit are triggered to work, and relevant data are collected for processing.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The device can simultaneously measure the compressive strength index and slippage of farmland soil. It can accurately measure the vertical and horizontal pressures through the pressure column and the horizontal pressure detection column, respectively, and obtain the soil burial depth by combining the depth measurement circuit in the chamber, thereby comprehensively and accurately reflecting the mechanical properties of the soil. For example, in agricultural production, the soil's ability to support the travel and bearing of agricultural machinery can be accurately evaluated, providing a scientific basis for the selection of agricultural machinery and the adjustment of operating parameters.

[0024] (2) The device is equipped with a control circuit centered on a single-chip microcomputer control system, which realizes automated data collection, calculation, and display. During the measurement process, each sensor collects data in real time and transmits it to the single-chip microcomputer control system. The system automatically calculates the soil compressive strength and sliding resistance according to a predetermined formula and quickly outputs the results to the display circuit. This greatly improves the measurement efficiency and reduces the tedious process of manual calculation and data recording. It is particularly suitable for soil property surveys in large areas of farmland.

[0025] (3) The overall structure is compact and reasonable. The pressure column, horizontal pressure detection column, horizontal base, triangular side body and side plate work together to form a stable measurement system. For example, the horizontal base provides stable support for the entire device, the triangular side body is easy to insert into the soil, and the side plate is connected to the base through a hinge to effectively transmit horizontal pressure. The joint action of various components ensures the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0026] (4) The measurement process adopts an insertion measurement method, which causes less damage to the farmland soil structure and will not cause serious impact on the soil ecological environment. Compared with some traditional excavation or destructive measurement methods, the present invention can protect the original structure and ecological function of farmland soil to the greatest extent while obtaining soil mechanical parameters, which is conducive to maintaining the balance and sustainable development of the farmland ecosystem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the mechanical structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit control structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1Schematic diagram of the local structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. In order to keep the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, the present disclosure omits detailed descriptions of known functions and known components to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a device for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil, mainly composed of a pressure column A2, a horizontal pressure detection column A3, a horizontal base A4, a triangular side body A5, a side panel A6, a hinge A7 and a control circuit. The pressure column A2 cooperates with the horizontal pressure detection column A3 to measure the pressure in the vertical and horizontal directions respectively. The horizontal base A4 provides stable support for the entire device, and the triangular side body A5 at the bottom is designed to be easily inserted into the soil for measurement operations. The side panel A6 is connected to the horizontal base A4 through a hinge A7, and can rotate around the hinge during the soil squeezing process, thereby transmitting the horizontal pressure to the horizontal pressure detection column A3. The control circuit is centered on the single-chip microcomputer control system A10, which coordinates the work of each circuit to realize functions such as data acquisition, processing and display.

[0032] A method for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil is as follows:

[0033] Vertical pressure measurement: The pressure column A2 is used as a vertical pressure sensor. When pressure F is applied, the internal pressure measurement circuit A21 (e.g., a strain gauge bridge circuit) can accurately measure the current pressure value and transmit the data to the single-chip control system A10 in real time. The structural design of the pressure column A2 ensures the accuracy and stability in the process of measuring vertical pressure. Its connection with the horizontal base A4 is firm and reliable, and it can withstand the pressure during the measurement process without deformation or displacement, thereby ensuring the reliability of the measurement results.

[0034] Horizontal pressure measurement: The side plate A6 generates pressure under the horizontal squeezing of the soil in the box, and the pressure is transmitted to the horizontal pressure detection column A3 with the hinge A7 as the fulcrum. The pressure sensor A32 installed on the horizontal pressure detection column A3 accurately detects the horizontal pressure by sliding the side plate pressure measurement circuit A31. The pressure sensor A32 has high sensitivity and accuracy, and can quickly respond to the pressure changes transmitted by the side plate A6, and convert it into an electrical signal and transmit it to the single-chip control system A10. In actual measurement, as the degree of squeezing of the side plate A6 by the soil varies, the horizontal pressure detection column A3 can accurately measure different horizontal pressure values, providing key data for the subsequent calculation of the degree of soil sliding.

[0035] The depth measurement circuit A50 in the warehouse uses the camera circuit A501 installed on the inclined surface A51 of the triangular side body A5, the equidistant transparent ranging holes A63 on the side panel A6, the LED lighting circuit A62 and the LED lamp A61 to measure the soil depth. During the measurement process, the LED lamp A61 illuminates the transparent ranging hole A63. When the triangular side body A5 is inserted into the soil, the soil gradually blocks the transparent ranging hole A63. The camera A501 takes images in real time, identifies the number of transparent holes A631 blocked by the soil, and calculates the soil buried depth according to the preset transparent hole spacing (a transparent ranging hole A631 is set every 2 cm). For example, if the camera A501 captures 10 transparent holes being blocked, the soil buried depth is (total number of transparent holes-10)×2cm. This measurement method can more accurately obtain the depth information of the soil in the warehouse box, providing an important basis for judging the degree of soil compression resistance and side sliding.

[0036] The single-chip control system A10 plays a core control role in the entire measurement process. When the switch circuit A13 is turned on, the device starts working. First, set the initial pressure value F (this value can be set according to the actual measurement requirements, such as the tire surface pressure corresponding to different agricultural machinery models). Under the action of pressure F, if the value measured by the pressure column A2 is greater than the set value F and the soil depth data in the bin is less than the full bin state, the single-chip control system A10 determines that the compression index is qualified and outputs the corresponding prompt information. If the value measured by the pressure column A2 is less than the set value F, the depth measurement circuit A50 in the bin and the sliding side plate pressure measurement circuit A31 are triggered to work, and the soil depth value, vertical compression value ξ (calculated by the formula ξ=S / F, where S is the area of ​​the horizontal base A4) and sliding value γ (γ=F0 / F, F0 is the horizontal compression value) are collected respectively, and then these data are transmitted to the single-chip control system A10 for processing. The processed data is displayed by the display circuit A11 and presented to the operator intuitively so that he can understand the soil compression resistance and side sliding degree information.

[0037] The operator first places the device on the surface of the farmland soil to be measured, ensuring that the triangular side body A5 is aligned with the measurement position. Then turn on the switch circuit A13 to put the device into working state. According to the characteristics of the soil to be measured and the purpose of measurement, set the appropriate initial pressure value F. Then, slowly insert the device vertically into the soil. During the insertion process, the pressure column A2 measures the vertical pressure in real time, and the depth measurement circuit A50 in the bin continuously monitors the soil burial depth. When the depth reaches the limit value (that is, the soil in the bin box is full or reaches the preset depth), the device automatically triggers the single-chip control system A10 to collect the vertical pressure value, horizontal pressure value and soil depth value at this time. The single-chip control system A10 calculates the soil resistance value and sliding value according to the predetermined calculation formula based on the collected data, and outputs the results to the display circuit A11 for display. The operator judges the soil's resistance to pressure and sliding performance based on the displayed results, thereby providing data support for farmland machinery driving, transportation and farmland planning. After completing a measurement, the device can be taken out of the soil, cleaned and then the next measurement operation can be performed.

[0038] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the compression and side sliding degree of farmland soil, characterized in that: Include The pressure column has a pressure measurement circuit inside, which is used to measure the vertical pressure and transmit the measurement data to the single-chip control system; The horizontal pressure detection column is equipped with a pressure sensor and a sliding side plate pressure measurement circuit, which is used to measure the horizontal pressure and transmit the data to the single-chip control system; A horizontal base, providing stable support for the device, with a triangular side body at its bottom; The triangular side body has a camera circuit installed on its inclined surface, which is used to cooperate with the equidistant transparent distance measuring holes, lighting circuits and lights on the side panels to measure the soil depth in the warehouse; The side plate is connected to the horizontal base through a hinge, and can rotate around the hinge under soil compression to transmit the horizontal pressure to the horizontal pressure detection column; The control circuit, with the single-chip microcomputer control system as the core, also includes a switch circuit and a display circuit, which are used to coordinate the work of each part of the circuit to realize data acquisition, processing and display functions.

2. The device for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure measurement circuit adopts a strain gauge bridge circuit.

3. The device for measuring the compression and side sliding degree of farmland soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent ranging holes are arranged at equal distances, with one transparent ranging hole being arranged every 2 cm, and are used to identify the number of obstructions through image capture by a camera to calculate the soil burial depth.

4. A method for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil, characterized in that: The device for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil according to claim 1 is used, and the specific operations are as follows: S1. Place the device on the surface of the farmland soil to be tested, align the triangular side surface with the measuring position, turn on the switch circuit, and set the initial pressure value F according to the soil characteristics to be tested and the measurement purpose; S2. Slowly insert the device vertically into the soil. The pressure column measures the vertical pressure in real time, and the depth measurement circuit in the chamber continuously monitors the soil burial depth. S3. When the depth reaches the limit value, the single chip control system is automatically triggered to collect the vertical pressure value, horizontal pressure value and soil depth value at this time; S4, the single-chip control system calculates the soil pressure resistance value and displacement sliding value according to the collected data, wherein the vertical pressure resistance value ξ=S / F, and S is the horizontal base area, and the displacement sliding value γ=F0 / F, and F0 is the horizontal pressure resistance value; S5. Display the calculation results through the display circuit so that the operator can judge the compression resistance and side sliding performance of the soil; S6. After completing a measurement, remove the device from the soil and clean it before performing the next measurement operation.

5. A method for measuring the compression resistance and side sliding degree of farmland soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: Under the action of pressure F, if the measured value of the pressure column is greater than the set value F and the soil depth data in the bin is less than the full bin state, the single-chip control system determines that the compression index is qualified and outputs the corresponding prompt information; if the measured value of the pressure column is less than the set value F, the depth measurement circuit in the bin and the sliding side plate pressure measurement circuit are triggered to work, and relevant data are collected for processing.

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