A device and method for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high temperature environment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for testing the wear resistance of coating materials in a high-temperature environment, which relates to the field of coating material testing technology, including a workbench, a friction force loading mechanism, a test force loading mechanism, a high-temperature heating system, a force detection unit and a computer. The friction force loading mechanism provides stable friction, the test force loading mechanism accurately applies the test force, the high-temperature heating system creates a high-temperature environment, and the force detection unit detects the force data in real time and transmits it to the computer for processing and analysis. Its second drive mechanism has a unique structure and can accurately control the test force loading. It is also provided with a circulating cooling unit to protect the transmission shaft. The high-temperature furnace meets different temperature requirements and can pass inert gas to prevent high-temperature oxidation. Compared with vacuum testing machines, the cost will be greatly reduced. It solves the problem that existing detection devices cannot accurately test the wear resistance of coating materials in high-temperature environments, and provides strong support for the research and development and application of coating materials in fields such as aerospace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coating material testing, and in particular to a device and method for testing the wear resistance of a coating material under a high-temperature environment. Background Art

[0002] In the field of material performance testing, existing block-on-ring friction and wear testing machines are primarily used at room temperature. These machines utilize a standard rotating ring as the active component and a fixed standard rectangular block as the passive component. Their operating principle is to measure the friction and wear properties of friction materials by measuring the width of the grinding marks on the passive rectangular block under different loads, as well as the friction force and coefficient of friction between the friction materials.

[0003] However, in the aerospace industry, the operating environments of coating materials used in aerospace engines are extremely unique, often subject to extreme conditions. Many of its key components must withstand a range of harsh operating conditions, including high temperatures, high loads, high speeds, corrosion, and impact. Friction and wear issues severely impact the performance, lifespan, and reliability of key aerospace engine components, and have become a key bottleneck restricting the development of high-performance aerospace engines.

[0004] Since the existing detection device is only applicable to room temperature environment, it cannot meet the testing and research needs of the wear resistance of coating materials in high temperature environment. How to test the wear resistance of coating materials in high temperature environment is a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for testing the wear resistance of coating materials in a high temperature environment, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, realize the testing of the wear resistance of coating materials in a high temperature environment, and improve the accuracy of the wear resistance test of coating materials.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a device for testing the wear resistance of a coating material under a high temperature environment, comprising:

[0008] Workbench;

[0009] A friction loading mechanism, the friction loading mechanism comprising a horizontally arranged transmission shaft and a first driving mechanism for driving the transmission shaft to rotate, an annular specimen being sleeved on the transmission shaft, the annular specimen being interference fit with the transmission shaft;

[0010] The test force loading mechanism comprises a sample seat, a second driving mechanism, a top column, a push shaft and a support shaft, the top column, the push shaft and the support shaft are all vertically arranged and distributed in sequence from bottom to top, the sample seat is fixed on the top end of the support shaft, the top surface of the sample seat is provided with a groove for placing the block sample, the block sample and the sample seat are circumferentially limited, and the bottom end of the annular sample is in friction contact with the coating to be tested coated on the top surface of the block sample; the second driving mechanism is used to drive the top column to rise and fall, and the top column can drive the push shaft to rise and fall when rising and falling, and the push shaft is slidably matched with the workbench through a linear bearing, and the top end of the push shaft is provided with a cross roller slide, the base of the cross roller slide is fixedly connected to the push shaft, and the slide of the cross roller slide is fixedly connected to the support shaft, and the direction in which the slide can slide relative to the base is a first direction, and the first direction is horizontal and parallel to the tangent direction of the bottom end of the annular sample;

[0011] a high-temperature heating system, the high-temperature heating system being disposed above the workbench, the high-temperature heating system having a heating chamber, and the annular specimen, the block specimen, and the coating to be tested being located within the heating chamber, the transmission shaft passing through the high-temperature heating system and being partially located within the heating chamber, the top of the support shaft and the specimen holder being located within the heating chamber;

[0012] A force detection unit, the force detection unit comprising a test force sensor and a friction force sensor, the test force sensor being clamped between the top end of the top column and the bottom end of the push shaft, a support being fixedly provided on the workbench, the friction force sensor being horizontally arranged and one end being fixedly connected to the support, a horizontal paddle being fixedly connected to the slide, the paddle being in contact with the detection end of the friction force sensor, the slide, the paddle, the friction sensor and the support being distributed in sequence along the first direction;

[0013] The test force sensor and the friction force sensor are respectively connected to the computer signal.

[0014] Preferably, the second driving mechanism includes a second motor, a worm, a worm wheel, a screw, a fixed seat, a casing, a lower thrust plate, a first thrust bearing, a first bearing seat, a loading spring and an upper thrust plate, the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the workbench through a loading frame, the casing is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed seat, the second motor is fixedly connected to the casing, the worm is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor, the worm wheel is fixedly sleeved on the screw, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, the output shaft of the second motor, the worm, the worm wheel and the bottom end of the screw are all located in the casing; the screw is vertically arranged and rotatably matched with the fixed seat through the first bearing, The lower thrust plate is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and a plurality of vertical guide columns and a plurality of vertical columns are fixed on the fixed seat. The lower thrust plate slides in cooperation with all the guide columns, and the upper thrust plate slides in cooperation with all the columns. The first bearing seat is sleeved on the screw rod, and an annular gap is provided between the outer wall of the screw rod and the first bearing seat. The screw rod and the first bearing seat can rotate relative to each other. The first thrust bearing is installed between the first bearing seat and the lower thrust plate. The bottom end of the loading spring abuts against the first bearing seat, and the top end abuts against the upper thrust plate. The top column is vertically fixed on the upper thrust plate.

[0015] Preferably, a second thrust bearing is installed at the top end of the top column, and the top end of the second thrust bearing abuts against the bottom end of the test force sensor.

[0016] Preferably, the second driving mechanism further includes a positioning plate, which is annular in shape, and the top ends of all the guide columns and all the upright columns are respectively fixedly connected to the positioning plate.

[0017] Preferably, the second driving mechanism further includes a switch frame and a travel switch, the switch frame is fixedly connected to one of the guide columns and the fixing seat, the travel switch is mounted on the switch frame, and the lower thrust plate can trigger the contact of the travel switch when performing a lifting motion.

[0018] Preferably, the first driving mechanism includes a first motor, a spindle and a spindle box, the first motor and the spindle box are respectively fixed on the workbench, the spindle is rotatably engaged with the spindle box via a second bearing, the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the spindle, and the other end of the spindle is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft; the transmission shaft, the spindle and the output shaft of the first motor are coaxial;

[0019] The friction loading mechanism also includes a second bearing seat. A guide rail is provided on the workbench. The length direction of the guide rail is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission shaft. The second bearing seat is slidably engaged with the guide rail, and the other end of the transmission shaft is rotatably engaged with the second bearing seat through a third bearing.

[0020] Preferably, the high-temperature heating system adopts a high-temperature furnace, and the high-temperature furnace is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the support shaft, and there is a gap between the side wall of the support shaft and the inner wall of the first through hole. The high-temperature furnace is provided with a second through hole and a third through hole corresponding to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft passes through the second through hole and the third through hole.

[0021] Preferably, a temperature sensor, a resistance wire and a silicon-molybdenum rod are provided on the inner wall of the heating chamber of the high-temperature furnace, the temperature sensor is connected to the computer signal, the resistance wire is used for heating temperatures below 1150°C, and the silicon-molybdenum rod is used for heating temperatures above 1150°C; the high-temperature furnace is also provided with an air inlet communicating with the heating chamber, the air inlet is connected to the inert gas source through a connecting pipe, and a control valve is provided on the connecting pipe.

[0022] Preferably, a circulating cooling unit is further included, which includes a circulating cooling unit including a circulating pump, a water tank, a first isolation water jacket fixedly connected to the spindle box, and a second isolation water jacket fixedly connected to the second bearing seat, the first isolation water jacket and the second isolation water jacket are both annular, and the drive shaft passes through the first isolation water jacket and the second isolation water jacket, the water inlet of the circulating pump is connected to the water tank, the first isolation water jacket and the second isolation water jacket are respectively connected to the water outlet of the circulating pump through a water inlet pipe, and the first isolation water jacket and the second isolation water jacket are respectively connected to the water tank through a return pipe; the circulating cooling unit is used to take away the heat of the drive shaft through the first isolation water jacket and the second isolation water jacket.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for testing the wear resistance of coating materials in a high-temperature environment. Based on the above-mentioned device for testing the wear resistance of coating materials in a high-temperature environment, the coating to be tested is coated on the top surface of a block sample, and then the bottom of the block sample is placed in the groove of the sample holder, and the block sample is fixed with the fastening screws on the sample holder; the annular sample is installed on the transmission shaft; the heating chamber is heated to the required test temperature by a high-temperature heating system and maintained for a set time; the transmission shaft is driven by the first driving mechanism to drive the annular sample to rotate, and the support shaft, the sample holder and the like are controlled by the second driving mechanism. The block sample rises, and starting from the time when the detected test force reaches the set value, the position of the block sample is kept unchanged, the second driving mechanism is stopped, and then the first driving mechanism is kept running for a set time or the transmission shaft is driven to rotate a set number of circles, the first driving mechanism and the high-temperature heating system are closed, the heating chamber is opened for cooling, and the support shaft, the sample holder and the block sample are controlled to descend by the second driving mechanism. After the annular sample and the block sample are cooled to room temperature, the annular sample and the block sample are removed to measure the size of the coating wear marks, calculate the wear volume and calculate the wear rate.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0025] The device and method for testing the wear resistance of a coating material in a high-temperature environment of the present invention can realize testing the wear resistance of a coating material in a high-temperature environment, thereby improving the accuracy of testing the wear resistance of a coating material.

[0026] Furthermore, by setting up a horizontal transmission shaft and a first driving mechanism for driving its rotation, and sleeved on the transmission shaft an annular specimen that is interference fit with the transmission shaft, a stable and controllable friction loading method can be provided for the test, ensuring that stable friction contact is formed between the annular specimen and the coating to be tested on the top surface of the block specimen, simulating the friction conditions in actual working conditions, and effectively testing the coating's ability to withstand friction in a high-temperature environment.

[0027] Furthermore, in the present invention, the annular sample is made of the same material as the drive shaft, and one end of the drive shaft is connected to the main shaft through a coupling. When the annular sample needs to be replaced, the coupling is opened and both the drive shaft and the annular sample are removed, that is, the drive shaft and the annular sample are replaced together to prevent the annular sample from sticking in a high temperature environment.

[0028] Furthermore, the inner wall of a traditional annular specimen is usually set as a wedge-shaped self-locking structure, that is, the inner diameter of the annular specimen gradually decreases from one end to the other. This wedge-shaped self-locking structure is easy to stick to the rotating shaft under high temperature environment. The inner diameter of the annular specimen in the present invention is completely equal from one end to the other and does not change. Compared with the traditional annular specimen with a wedge-shaped self-locking structure, it is not easy to stick to the drive shaft and is easy to remove from the drive shaft.

[0029] Furthermore, the specimen holder is fixed to the top of the support shaft, its top surface provided with a groove for accommodating the specimen and circumferentially limited to ensure the specimen's stability during testing. A second drive mechanism raises and lowers the top column, which in turn drives the push shaft, which slides with the workbench via linear bearings. This structural design ensures precise and stable test force application, accurately applying the required test force to the specimen and simulating the stress on the coating under different operating conditions.

[0030] Furthermore, a cross-roller slide is provided at the top end of the push shaft, and the slide can slide relative to the base in a first direction parallel to the tangent direction of the bottom end of the annular specimen, so that during the test, when friction is generated between the annular specimen and the block specimen, the slide can slide freely in the first direction, thereby accurately transmitting the friction force to the friction force sensor, realizing accurate measurement of the friction force, and avoiding the generation of additional force interference with the test results due to changes in the direction of the friction force.

[0031] Furthermore, a high-temperature heating system is arranged above the workbench and has a heating chamber, so that the annular specimen, block specimen and coating to be tested are all located in the heating chamber, which can create a high-temperature working environment such as aerospace engines, meet the testing requirements for the wear resistance of coating materials in high-temperature environments, solve the problem that existing detection devices cannot test the wear resistance of coating materials in high-temperature environments, and provide a reliable testing method for the application of coating materials under high-temperature working conditions.

[0032] Furthermore, a test force sensor, clamped between the top of the top column and the bottom of the push shaft, can accurately detect the magnitude of the test force in real time, providing data support for testing the wear resistance of the coating under different test forces. One end of the friction sensor is fixed to a support fixed to the workbench, and the paddle on the slide abuts the detection end of the friction sensor. When the slide moves in a first direction due to friction, the paddle transmits the friction force to the friction sensor, thereby accurately measuring the friction between the annular specimen and the block specimen. By collecting and analyzing this data with a computer, the wear resistance of the coating material in a high-temperature environment can be comprehensively evaluated, improving the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0033] Furthermore, the test force sensor and friction force sensor are respectively connected to the computer signal. The computer can collect and process the data from the force detection unit in real time, intuitively display the changes in the test force and friction force, and perform data analysis and storage, which facilitates the subsequent research and evaluation of the wear resistance of the coating material and improves the efficiency and scientificity of the test.

[0034] Furthermore, the second drive mechanism includes a second motor, a worm, a worm wheel, a lead screw, and other components. Through the meshing transmission of the worm and worm wheel, and the rotational coordination of the lead screw and the fixed seat, precise control of the lifting and lowering of the top column is achieved, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the test force loading. The lower thrust plate is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The guidance of the guide column and the column enables the lower and upper thrust plates to move stably. The use of a loading spring to transmit the loading force effectively reduces the impact during the loading process, allowing the loading test force to increase steadily. The loading force sensor is located outside the high-temperature heating system to solve the problem of the sensor's inability to collect mechanical signals at high temperatures.

[0035] Furthermore, the second thrust bearing installed at the top of the top column can reduce the friction between the test force sensor and the top column, improve the accuracy of the test force detection, avoid the deviation of the test force measurement value due to the existence of friction, and thus more accurately reflect the actual test force applied to the block specimen.

[0036] Furthermore, the positioning plate is annular, and the top ends of all guide columns and all columns are respectively fixed to the positioning plate, which can further improve the stability of the lower thrust plate and the upper thrust plate during the lifting process, ensure the overall structural stability of the test force loading mechanism, reduce the error in the test results caused by structural shaking, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0037] Furthermore, the switch frame is fixedly connected to the guide column and the fixed seat, and the limit switch is installed on the switch frame. When the lower thrust plate is lifted or lowered, the contacts of the limit switch can be triggered. In this way, the lifting stroke of the lower thrust plate can be accurately controlled to prevent the test force from being too large or too small due to excessive lifting of the lower thrust plate, thereby ensuring the safety of the test process and the accuracy of the test results. At the same time, it is also convenient for the operator to monitor and operate the test process.

[0038] Furthermore, the first drive mechanism includes a first motor, a spindle, and a spindle housing. The first motor drives the spindle, which in turn drives the transmission shaft to rotate, achieving stable drive of the annular specimen and ensuring the stability and reliability of friction loading. The transmission shaft is coaxial with the spindle and the output shaft of the first motor. A guide rail is provided on the workbench, and the second bearing seat slides in engagement with the rail. This ensures smoother rotation of the transmission shaft, reduces the impact of deflection on test results caused by deformation of the transmission shaft, and improves test accuracy.

[0039] Furthermore, the circulating cooling unit includes a circulating pump, a water tank, and an isolating water jacket fixedly connected to the bearing seat. The water in the water tank is transported to the first isolating water jacket and the second isolating water jacket through the circulating pump, taking away the heat generated by the drive shaft during rotation, preventing the normal operation of the test device from being affected by the excessive temperature of the drive shaft. It can effectively cool down the main shaft, main shaft box, second bearing, second bearing seat and third bearing, etc., which can not only ensure the long-term reliable operation of the test, but also facilitate the rapid cooling of the equipment after the test is stopped, ensuring the stability and reliability of the test process, and also extending the service life of the test device.

[0040] Furthermore, the high-temperature furnace is equipped with through-holes corresponding to the support shaft and the transmission shaft. Spacing is provided between the sidewalls of the support shaft and the inner walls of the through-holes, and between the transmission shaft and the through-holes. This ensures that the high-temperature furnace can effectively heat the specimen while preventing damage to the support and transmission shafts due to high temperatures, thus ensuring the normal operation of the test device in high-temperature environments. Resistance wires and silicon-molybdenum rods are installed on the inner wall of the high-temperature furnace heating chamber to meet the heating requirements of different temperature ranges, expanding the application range of the test device and enabling it to more comprehensively simulate the actual working environment of coating materials under various high-temperature conditions.

[0041] Furthermore, an air inlet connected to the heating chamber is provided on the high-temperature furnace and is connected to the inert gas source through a connecting pipe. A control valve is provided on the connecting pipe. During the test, inert gas can be introduced into the heating chamber to prevent the coating from undergoing chemical reactions such as oxidation in a high-temperature environment, thereby ensuring that the test results can truly reflect the wear resistance of the coating material in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen high-temperature environment, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0042] The testing device for the wear resistance of coating materials in high-temperature environments of the present invention can accurately test the wear resistance of coating materials in high-temperature environments through the synergistic effect of the various structures. It solves the problem in the prior art that the wear resistance of coating materials cannot be tested in high-temperature environments, provides strong technical support for the research and development and application of coating materials in fields such as aerospace, and has important practical application value and broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1This is a schematic structural diagram of a device for testing the wear resistance of a coating material under a high temperature environment according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the test force loading mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of a device for testing the wear resistance of a coating material under a high temperature environment according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] In the figure: 1. workbench; 2. loading frame; 3. fixed seat; 4. second motor; 5. housing; 6. high-temperature heating system; 7. spindle box; 8. first motor; 9. spindle; 10. first isolation water jacket; 11. transmission shaft; 12. heating chamber; 13. second bearing seat; 14. second isolation water jacket; 15. guide rail; 16. support; 17. friction force sensor; 18. paddle; 19. cross roller slide; 20. annular specimen; 21. block specimen; 22. support shaft; 23. screw; 24. first bearing; 25. lower thrust plate; 26. guide column; 27. first bearing seat; 28. first thrust bearing; 29. travel switch; 30. switch frame; 31. positioning plate; 32. column; 33. upper thrust plate; 34. top column; 35. second thrust bearing; 36. loading spring; 37. test force sensor; 38. thrust shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for testing the wear resistance of coating materials in a high temperature environment, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, realize the testing of the wear resistance of coating materials in a high temperature environment, and improve the accuracy of the wear resistance test of coating materials.

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a device for testing the wear resistance of a coating material under a high temperature environment, comprising:

[0053] Workbench 1;

[0054] The friction loading mechanism includes a horizontally arranged transmission shaft 11 and a first driving mechanism for driving the transmission shaft 11 to rotate. The transmission shaft 11 is sleeved with an annular sample 20, and the annular sample 20 is interference fit with the transmission shaft 11.

[0055] The test force loading mechanism includes a sample seat, a second driving mechanism, a top column 34, a push shaft 38 and a support shaft 22. The top column 34, the push shaft 38 and the support shaft 22 are all arranged vertically and distributed in sequence from bottom to top. The sample seat is fixed on the top end of the support shaft 22. The top surface of the sample seat is provided with a groove for placing the block sample 21. The block sample 21 and the sample seat are circumferentially limited to ensure the stability of the block sample 21 during the test; the bottom end of the annular sample 20 is in frictional contact with the coating to be tested coated on the top surface of the block sample 21; the second driving mechanism is used to drive the top column 34 to rise and fall. When the top column 34 rises and falls, it can drive the push shaft 38 to rise and fall. The push shaft 38 slides with the workbench 1 through a linear bearing. This structural design makes the lifting movement of the push shaft 38 more stable. Thereby, the loading of the test force is made accurate and stable, and the required test force can be accurately applied to the block sample 21 to simulate the pressure on the coating under different working conditions. A cross roller slide 19 is provided at the top of the push shaft 38. The base of the cross roller slide 19 is fixedly connected to the push shaft 38, and the slide seat of the cross roller slide 19 is fixedly connected to the support shaft 22. The direction in which the slide seat can slide relative to the base is a first direction. The first direction is horizontal and parallel to the tangent direction of the bottom end of the annular sample 20. During the test, when friction is generated between the annular sample 20 and the block sample 21, the slide seat can slide freely in the first direction, thereby accurately transmitting the friction force to the friction force sensor 17, thereby achieving accurate measurement of the friction force, and avoiding the interference of additional force generated by the change in the direction of the friction force on the test results.

[0056] A high-temperature heating system 6 is provided above the workbench 1. The high-temperature heating system 6 has a heating chamber 12, and the annular specimen 20, the block specimen 21, and the coating to be tested are all located in the heating chamber 12. The transmission shaft 11 passes through the high-temperature heating system 6 and is partially located in the heating chamber 12. The top of the support shaft 22 and the specimen holder are located in the heating chamber 12. By heating the heating chamber 12, a high-temperature working environment such as an aerospace engine can be created, meeting the requirements for testing the wear resistance of coating materials in a high-temperature environment. This solves the problem that existing detection devices cannot test the wear resistance of coating materials in a high-temperature environment, and provides a reliable testing method for the application of coating materials in high-temperature working conditions.

[0057] The force detection unit includes a test force sensor 37 and a friction sensor 17. The test force sensor 37 is clamped between the top end of the top column 34 and the bottom end of the push shaft 38. It can detect the size of the test force in real time and accurately, and provide data support for testing the wear resistance of the coating under different test forces. A support 16 is fixed on the workbench 1. The friction sensor 17 is horizontally arranged and one end is fixedly connected to the support 16. A horizontal dial plate 18 is fixedly connected to the slide. The dial plate 18 abuts against the detection end of the friction sensor 17. The slide, the dial plate 18, the friction sensor 17 and the support 16 are distributed in sequence along the first direction. When the slide moves in the first direction due to friction, the dial plate 18 can transmit the friction force to the friction sensor 17, thereby accurately measuring the size of the friction between the annular sample 20 and the block sample 21. By collecting and analyzing these data by a computer, the wear resistance of the coating material in a high temperature environment can be comprehensively evaluated, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0058] The computer, the test force sensor 37 and the friction force sensor 17 are respectively connected to the computer signals. The test force sensor 37 and the friction force sensor 17 are respectively connected to the computer signals. The computer can collect and process the data from the force detection unit in real time, intuitively display the changes in the test force and friction force, and perform data analysis and storage, which is convenient for subsequent research and evaluation of the wear resistance of the coating material, and improves the efficiency and scientificity of the test.

[0059] The testing device for the wear resistance of coating materials in a high-temperature environment of this embodiment is equipped with a horizontal transmission shaft 11 and a first driving mechanism for driving its rotation, and a ring-shaped specimen 20 that is interference-fitted with the transmission shaft 11 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 11. This can provide a stable and controllable friction loading method for the test, ensure that stable friction contact is formed between the ring-shaped specimen 20 and the coating to be tested on the top surface of the block specimen 21, simulate the friction conditions in actual working conditions, and effectively test the coating's ability to withstand friction in a high-temperature environment.

[0060] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the second driving mechanism includes a second motor 4, a worm, a worm wheel, a screw 23, a fixed base 3, a casing 5, a lower thrust plate 25, a first thrust bearing 28, a first bearing seat 27, a loading spring 36 and an upper thrust plate 33, the fixed base 3 is fixedly connected to the workbench 1 through the loading frame 2, the casing 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed base 3, the second motor 4 is fixedly connected to the casing 5, the worm is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 4, the worm wheel is fixedly sleeved on the screw 23, and the worm wheel is fixedly sleeved with the screw 23. The worm is engaged, and the output shaft of the second motor 4, the worm, the worm wheel and the bottom end of the screw 23 are all located in the housing 5; the screw 23 is vertically arranged and rotates with the fixed seat 3 through the first bearing 24, the lower thrust plate 25 is threadedly connected to the screw 23, and the fixed seat 3 is fixed with a plurality of vertical guide columns 26 and a plurality of vertical columns 32. The lower thrust plate 25 slides with all the guide columns 26, and the upper thrust plate 33 slides with all the columns 32. The first bearing seat 27 is sleeved on the screw 23, and the screw There is an annular gap between the outer wall of 23 and the first bearing seat 27, so that the screw 23 and the first bearing seat 27 can rotate relative to each other. The first thrust bearing 28 is installed between the first bearing seat 27 and the lower thrust plate 25. The bottom end of the loading spring 36 abuts against the first bearing seat 27 and the top end abuts against the upper thrust plate 33. The top column 34 is vertically fixed on the upper thrust plate 33. The second motor 4 is connected to the computer signal, and the operation of the second motor 4 can be controlled by the computer; when the second motor 4 is working, it can drive the screw 23 to rotate through the worm and worm gear. The rotation of the screw 23 drives the lower thrust plate 25 to rise and fall. When the lower thrust plate 25 rises, the upper thrust plate 33 is driven to rise through the loading spring 36. The use of the loading spring 36 to transmit the loading force can effectively reduce the impact during the loading process and steadily increase the loading test force; when the lower thrust plate 25 descends, the loading spring 36 will first extend a certain length, and then cause the upper thrust plate 33 to descend, avoiding sudden changes in the test force (positive pressure) and improving the stability of the test process.

[0061] When the lower thrust plate 25 is raised and lowered, the friction between the loading spring 36 and the lower thrust plate 25 will be relatively large. This is because when the loading spring 36 is subjected to pressure, a relative sliding or friction tendency may occur between its surface and the lower thrust plate 25. The presence of the first thrust bearing 28 can convert this sliding friction into rolling friction (if it is a ball or roller thrust bearing) or low-friction sliding (if it is a well-lubricated sliding thrust bearing). For example, the balls in the ball thrust bearing roll between the shaft ring and the seat ring, greatly reducing the friction between the spring and the thrust plate. This helps the thrust plate to perform lifting and lowering movements more smoothly, reduces energy loss, and improves the mechanical efficiency of the equipment.

[0062] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that a second thrust bearing 35 is installed at the top end of the top column 34, and the top end of the second thrust bearing 35 abuts against the bottom end of the test force sensor 37. The second thrust bearing 35 can reduce the friction between the test force sensor 37 and the top column 34, improve the accuracy of the test force detection, avoid the deviation of the test force measurement value due to the existence of friction, and thus more accurately reflect the actual test force applied to the block sample 21.

[0063] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the second driving mechanism also includes a positioning plate 31, the positioning plate 31 is annular, and the top ends of all guide columns 26 and all columns 32 are respectively fixed to the positioning plate 31, which can further improve the stability of the lower thrust plate 25 and the upper thrust plate 33 during the lifting process, ensure the overall structural stability of the test force loading mechanism, reduce the error in the test results caused by structural shaking, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0064] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the second driving mechanism also includes a switch frame 30 and a travel switch 29. The switch frame 30 is fixedly connected to a guide column 26 and a fixed seat 3. The travel switch 29 is installed on the switch frame 30. When the lower thrust plate 25 is lifted or lowered, the contact of the travel switch 29 can be triggered. The travel switch 29 is connected to the computer signal; when the lower thrust plate 25 is lifted or lowered, the contact of the travel switch 29 can be triggered. In this way, the lifting stroke of the lower thrust plate 25 can be precisely controlled to prevent the test force from being too large or too small due to excessive lifting of the lower thrust plate 25, thereby ensuring the safety of the test process and the accuracy of the test results, and also facilitating the operator to monitor and operate the test process.

[0065] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the first driving mechanism includes a first motor 8, a spindle 9 and a spindle box 7, the first motor 8 and the spindle box 7 are respectively fixed on the workbench 1, the spindle 9 is rotatably matched with the spindle box 7 through the second bearing, the output shaft of the first motor 8 is fixedly connected to one end of the spindle 9, and the other end of the spindle 9 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft 11; the transmission shaft 11, the spindle 9 and the output shaft of the first motor 8 are coaxial; the friction loading mechanism also includes a second bearing seat 13, a guide rail 15 is provided on the workbench 1, the length direction of the guide rail 15 is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission shaft 11, the second bearing seat 13 is slidably matched with the guide rail 15, and the other end of the transmission shaft 11 is rotatably matched with the second bearing seat 13 through the third bearing, the first motor 8 is connected to the computer signal, and the operation of the first motor 8 can be controlled by the computer. When the first motor 8 is working, it can drive the transmission shaft 11 to rotate through the main shaft 9, thereby realizing stable driving of the annular specimen 20 and ensuring the stability and reliability of friction loading; the second bearing seat 13 and the guide rail 15 are slidingly matched because, in a high temperature environment, the temperature increase of the transmission shaft 11 will cause its length to increase (thermal expansion and contraction), and coupled with the high temperature environment, it is very easy to cause flexural deformation. The provision of a movable bearing seat can adapt to the length change of the transmission shaft 11. When the length of the transmission shaft 11 changes, the second bearing seat 13 slides relative to the guide rail 15, minimizing flexure and avoiding affecting the test accuracy.

[0066] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred to further include a circulating cooling unit, which includes a circulating pump, a water tank, a first isolation water jacket 10 fixedly connected to the main spindle box 7 and a second isolation water jacket 14 fixedly connected to the second bearing seat 13. The first isolation water jacket 10 and the second isolation water jacket 14 are both annular, and the drive shaft 11 passes through the first isolation water jacket 10 and the second isolation water jacket 14. The water inlet of the circulating pump is connected to the water tank, and the first isolation water jacket 10 and the second isolation water jacket 14 are respectively connected to the water outlet of the circulating pump through the water inlet pipe, and the first isolation water jacket 10 and the second isolation water jacket 14 are respectively connected to the water tank through the return pipe; the circulating cooling unit is used to take away the heat of the drive shaft 11 through the first isolation water jacket 10 and the second isolation water jacket 14. The water in the water tank is transported to the first isolation water jacket 10 and the second isolation water jacket 14 through a circulation pump, taking away the heat generated by the transmission shaft 11 during the rotation process, preventing the normal operation of the test device from being affected by the excessive temperature of the transmission shaft 11, and can effectively cool down the main shaft 9, the main shaft box 7, the second bearing, the second bearing seat 13 and the third bearing, etc., which can not only ensure the long-term reliable operation of the test, but also facilitate the rapid cooling of the equipment after the test is stopped, ensuring the stability and reliability of the test process, and also extending the service life of the test device.

[0067] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the high-temperature heating system 6 adopts a high-temperature furnace, and the high-temperature furnace is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the support shaft 22, and there is a gap between the side wall of the support shaft 22 and the inner wall of the first through hole, providing space for the support shaft 22 to deviate under the action of friction, and the high-temperature furnace is provided with a second through hole and a third through hole corresponding to the transmission shaft 11, and the transmission shaft 11 passes through the second through hole and the third through hole.

[0068] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that a temperature sensor, a resistance wire and a silicon-molybdenum rod are provided on the inner wall of the heating chamber 12 of the high-temperature furnace. The temperature sensor is connected to the computer signal. The resistance wire is used for heating temperatures below 1150°C, and the silicon-molybdenum rod is used for heating temperatures above 1150°C. It can meet the heating requirements of different temperature ranges, effectively improve the heating efficiency of the sample and reduce the testing cost.

[0069] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the high-temperature furnace is further provided with an air inlet connected to the heating chamber 12, and the air inlet is connected to the inert gas source through a connecting pipe, and a control valve is provided on the connecting pipe; during the test, inert gas can be introduced into the heating chamber 12 to prevent the coating from undergoing chemical reactions such as oxidation in a high-temperature environment, thereby ensuring that the test results can truly reflect the wear resistance of the coating material in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen high-temperature environment, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test; to prevent the sample from oxidizing, it is necessary to first evacuate the sample and then continuously introduce inert gas.

[0070] The operating principle of the apparatus for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high-temperature environments in this embodiment is as follows: a block specimen 21 is brought into contact with an annular specimen 20 at a specified rotational speed and subjected to a certain test force. Under the specified rotational speed and temperature, the volumetric wear of the block specimen is calculated using the wear scar width, while the mass wear of the annular specimen 20 is measured using a weighing method. During the test, the friction force and normal pressure on the test block are continuously measured, the coefficient of friction is calculated, and the wear resistance of the test material is evaluated. After the test, the coating surface condition can be observed using a magnifying glass, and the wear scar dimensions can be observed and recorded using a vernier caliper and a balance. The wear volume and wear rate can then be calculated. The calculation of wear volume and wear rate is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be detailed in this embodiment.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for testing the wear resistance of a coating material under a high temperature environment, based on the device for testing the wear resistance of a coating material under a high temperature environment of the first embodiment. Specifically:

[0073] The coating to be tested is applied to the top surface of the block sample 21, and then the bottom of the block sample 21 is placed in the groove of the sample holder and fixed with the fastening screws on the sample holder; the annular sample 20 is installed on the transmission shaft 11; the heating chamber 12 is heated to the required test temperature by the high-temperature heating system 6 and maintained for a set time; the transmission shaft 11 is driven by the first driving mechanism to rotate the annular sample 20, and the support shaft 22, the sample holder and the block sample 21 are controlled to rise by the second driving mechanism. After the test force reaches the set value, the position of the block sample 21 is maintained unchanged, the second driving mechanism is stopped, and then the first driving mechanism is kept running for a set time or after the driving transmission shaft is rotated a set number of times, the first driving mechanism and the high-temperature heating system 6 are turned off, the heating chamber 12 is opened for cooling, and the support shaft 22, the sample holder and the block sample 21 are controlled to descend by the second driving mechanism. After the annular sample and the block sample have cooled to room temperature, the annular sample 20 and the block sample 21 are removed, and the size of the coating wear mark is measured, the wear volume is calculated, and the wear rate is calculated.

[0074] During operation, the first motor 8, the second motor 4, and the high-temperature heating system 6 are controlled by software installed in the computer. The test force and friction force are displayed in real time on the computer display screen, and the test force and friction force at each moment are automatically recorded by the software in the computer. The control software in the computer can be implemented by a skilled person based on existing programming techniques and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0075] It is worth noting that, in practical applications, ring-block tests can be conducted in a sliding friction format while varying various parameters, such as load, speed, time, test temperature, friction partner material, surface roughness, and hardness. The apparatus for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high-temperature environments in this embodiment is a horizontal structure, offering ease of operation and high precision. The computer controls the speed, revolutions, and test time of the spindle 9. During the test, parameters such as test force, speed, revolutions, friction force, friction coefficient, temperature, and time can be collected in real time, and corresponding test curves can be plotted.

[0076] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high temperature environment, characterized in that: include: Workbench; A friction loading mechanism, the friction loading mechanism comprising a horizontally arranged transmission shaft and a first driving mechanism for driving the transmission shaft to rotate, an annular specimen being sleeved on the transmission shaft, the annular specimen being interference fit with the transmission shaft; The test force loading mechanism comprises a sample seat, a second driving mechanism, a top column, a push shaft and a support shaft, the top column, the push shaft and the support shaft are all vertically arranged and distributed in sequence from bottom to top, the sample seat is fixed on the top end of the support shaft, the top surface of the sample seat is provided with a groove for placing the block sample, the block sample and the sample seat are circumferentially limited, and the bottom end of the annular sample is in friction contact with the coating to be tested coated on the top surface of the block sample; the second driving mechanism is used to drive the top column to rise and fall, and the top column can drive the push shaft to rise and fall when rising and falling, and the push shaft is slidably matched with the workbench through a linear bearing, and the top end of the push shaft is provided with a cross roller slide, the base of the cross roller slide is fixedly connected to the push shaft, and the slide of the cross roller slide is fixedly connected to the support shaft, and the direction in which the slide can slide relative to the base is a first direction, and the first direction is horizontal and parallel to the tangent direction of the bottom end of the annular sample; a high-temperature heating system, the high-temperature heating system being disposed above the workbench, the high-temperature heating system having a heating chamber, and the annular specimen, the block specimen, and the coating to be tested being located within the heating chamber, the transmission shaft passing through the high-temperature heating system and being partially located within the heating chamber, the top of the support shaft and the specimen holder being located within the heating chamber; A force detection unit, the force detection unit comprising a test force sensor and a friction force sensor, the test force sensor being clamped between the top end of the top column and the bottom end of the push shaft, a support being fixedly provided on the workbench, the friction force sensor being horizontally arranged and one end being fixedly connected to the support, a horizontal paddle being fixedly connected to the slide, the paddle being in contact with the detection end of the friction force sensor, the slide, the paddle, the friction sensor and the support being distributed in sequence along the first direction; The test force sensor and the friction force sensor are respectively connected to the computer signal.

2. The device for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism includes a second motor, a worm, a worm wheel, a screw, a fixed seat, a casing, a lower thrust plate, a first thrust bearing, a first bearing seat, a loading spring and an upper thrust plate, the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the workbench through a loading frame, the casing is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed seat, the second motor is fixedly connected to the casing, the worm is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor, the worm wheel is fixedly sleeved on the screw, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, the output shaft of the second motor, the worm, the worm wheel and the bottom end of the screw are all located in the casing; the screw is vertically arranged and rotatably matched with the fixed seat through the first bearing, the The lower thrust plate is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and a plurality of vertical guide columns and a plurality of vertical columns are fixed on the fixed seat. The lower thrust plate slides with all the guide columns, and the upper thrust plate slides with all the columns. The first bearing seat is sleeved on the screw rod, and there is an annular gap between the outer wall of the screw rod and the first bearing seat. The screw rod and the first bearing seat can rotate relative to each other. The first thrust bearing is installed between the first bearing seat and the lower thrust plate, the bottom end of the loading spring abuts against the first bearing seat, and the top end abuts against the upper thrust plate, and the top column is vertically fixed on the upper thrust plate.

3. The device for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high temperature environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second thrust bearing is installed on the top end of the top column, and the top end of the second thrust bearing abuts against the bottom end of the test force sensor.

4. The device for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high temperature environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism further includes a positioning plate, which is annular in shape, and the top ends of all the guide columns and all the upright columns are respectively fixedly connected to the positioning plate.

5. The device for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high temperature environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism further includes a switch frame and a travel switch. The switch frame is fixedly connected to one of the guide columns and the fixing seat. The travel switch is mounted on the switch frame. When the lower thrust plate performs a lifting motion, the contact of the travel switch can be triggered.

6. The device for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism includes a first motor, a spindle and a spindle box, the first motor and the spindle box are respectively fixed on the workbench, the spindle is rotatably engaged with the spindle box via a second bearing, the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the spindle, and the other end of the spindle is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft; the transmission shaft, the spindle and the output shaft of the first motor are coaxial; The friction loading mechanism also includes a second bearing seat. A guide rail is provided on the workbench. The length direction of the guide rail is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission shaft. The second bearing seat is slidably engaged with the guide rail, and the other end of the transmission shaft is rotatably engaged with the second bearing seat through a third bearing.

7. The device for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high temperature environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a circulating cooling unit, which includes a circulating pump, a water tank, a first isolation water jacket fixedly connected to the spindle box, and a second isolation water jacket fixedly connected to the second bearing seat, the first isolation water jacket and the second isolation water jacket are both annular, and the transmission shaft passes through the first isolation water jacket and the second isolation water jacket, the water inlet of the circulating pump is connected to the water tank, the first isolation water jacket and the second isolation water jacket are connected to the water outlet of the circulating pump through a water inlet pipe, and the first isolation water jacket and the second isolation water jacket are connected to the water tank through a return pipe; the circulating cooling unit is used to take away the heat of the transmission shaft through the first isolation water jacket and the second isolation water jacket.

8. The device for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature heating system adopts a high-temperature furnace, and the high-temperature furnace is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the support shaft, and there is a gap between the side wall of the support shaft and the inner wall of the first through hole. The high-temperature furnace is provided with a second through hole and a third through hole corresponding to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft passes through the second through hole and the third through hole.

9. The device for testing the wear resistance of coating materials under high temperature environment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A temperature sensor, a resistance wire and a silicon-molybdenum rod are provided on the inner wall of the heating chamber of the high-temperature furnace. The temperature sensor is connected to the computer signal. The resistance wire is used when the heating temperature is below 1150°C, and the silicon-molybdenum rod is used when the heating temperature is above 1150°C. The high-temperature furnace is also provided with an air inlet communicating with the heating chamber. The air inlet is connected to the inert gas source through a connecting pipe, and a control valve is provided on the connecting pipe.

10. A method for testing the wear resistance of a coating material under a high temperature environment, characterized by: A device for testing the wear resistance of a coating material under a high temperature environment according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: applying a coating to be tested to the top surface of a block sample, placing the bottom of the block sample in a groove of the sample holder, and securing the block sample with a fastening screw on the sample holder; mounting an annular sample on a transmission shaft; heating the heating chamber to a desired test temperature using a high-temperature heating system and maintaining the temperature for a set time; driving the transmission shaft to rotate the annular sample using a first driving mechanism, and controlling the support shaft, the sample holder, and the block sample to ascend using a second driving mechanism; maintaining the position of the block sample unchanged after the test force reaches a set value, stopping the second driving mechanism, and then maintaining the first driving mechanism for a set time or rotating the transmission shaft a set number of times, shutting off the first driving mechanism and the high-temperature heating system, opening the heating chamber for cooling, and controlling the support shaft, the sample holder, and the block sample to descend using the second driving mechanism; and after the annular sample and the block sample have cooled to room temperature, removing the annular sample and the block sample to measure the size of the coating wear mark, calculate the wear volume, and calculate the wear rate.

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