Superconducting magnet quenching position judgment method and related equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a superconducting magnet quenching position judgment method and related equipment, and relates to the technical field of superconducting magnets, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining each critical current of superconducting magnets in a plurality of excitation tools; obtaining the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnet in each excitation tool by loading the critical current; any two excitation tools are selected as a first group; obtaining the difference value of the magnetic field intensities of the positions of the superconducting magnets in the first group in the two excitation tools as a first difference value; determining a quenching area of the superconducting magnet according to the critical current difference value and the first difference value; by changing an excitation tool and analyzing changes of critical current and a magnetic field, accurate judgment of the quenching position of the superconducting magnet can be achieved. And the method has great significance for improving the winding of superconducting coils and the preparation of superconducting materials.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the Chinese application with application number CN202411346006.4, application date September 26, 2024, and invention name “Superconducting magnet quench position determination method and related equipment”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnets, and in particular to a method for determining a quench position of a superconducting magnet and related equipment. Background Art

[0003] In modern science and technology and industrial applications, superconducting magnets are widely used in many fields such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particle accelerators, maglev trains, energy storage and conversion, etc. due to their unique physical properties, such as zero resistance, high current density, and the ability to generate strong magnetic fields. However, the stable operation of superconducting magnets is highly dependent on the performance of their superconducting materials, especially their critical current and temperature stability. When a part of the superconducting material loses its superconducting state due to local overheating, excessive current density, or uneven magnetic field, the "quench" phenomenon occurs, which not only causes a sharp drop in magnet performance, but may also damage the equipment and even cause safety accidents.

[0004] Traditional superconducting magnet quench detection methods mostly rely on temperature monitoring and current monitoring, but these methods are often difficult to accurately locate the specific location of the quench, especially in large and complex superconducting magnet systems; therefore, developing a method that can accurately determine the quench location of a superconducting magnet and improving the production process of superconducting materials accordingly is of great significance for improving the stability and reliability of superconducting magnets. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the quench position of a superconducting magnet and related equipment, and to accurately determine the quench position of a superconducting magnet by changing the excitation tooling and analyzing the changes in critical current and magnetic field.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for determining a quench position of a superconducting magnet, the method comprising:

[0008] Obtaining critical currents of superconducting magnets in multiple excitation fixtures;

[0009] By loading the critical current, the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnets in each excitation tooling is obtained;

[0010] Select any two excitation fixtures as a first group; obtain the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as a first difference;

[0011] According to the critical current difference and the first difference, based on the negative correlation between magnetic field intensity and critical current, by comparing the changes in magnetic field intensity in different excitation fixtures, determining the pending quench region of the superconducting magnet;

[0012] If a certain area is determined as a pending quench area in multiple first groups;

[0013] Then, according to the first group number of the area determined as the pending quench area and the total number of the first groups, and the first difference value of the area in each group, the probability that the area is the quench area is determined.

[0014] Preferably, the excitation fixtures include at least two; and the step of obtaining the critical currents of the superconducting magnets in the plurality of excitation fixtures includes:

[0015] Under the preset temperature condition, excitation is performed in each excitation fixture in turn, and the variation curves of the current and the number of excitation times in each excitation fixture are obtained respectively;

[0016] According to the variation curve of the current and the excitation times in each excitation fixture, the critical current in each excitation fixture is obtained.

[0017] Preferably, the excitation tooling includes a first excitation tooling, a second excitation tooling and a third excitation tooling;

[0018] Preferably, under the preset temperature condition, excitation is sequentially performed in each excitation fixture to obtain the change curves of the current and the number of excitations in each excitation fixture; and according to the change curves of the current and the number of excitations in each excitation fixture, the critical current in each excitation fixture is obtained, including:

[0019] In the first excitation tooling, multiple excitations are performed to obtain the current changes between two adjacent excitations;

[0020] If the current change is greater than the preset threshold, the excitation is continuously increased until the current change between two adjacent excitations is lower than the preset threshold;

[0021] Adjust to the second excitation tooling, and perform at least two excitations at the same temperature; obtain the current of the first excitation of the second excitation tooling, the linear equation of the current change of the second excitation tooling and the number of excitations, and the slope of the linear equation; use the current of the first excitation of the second excitation tooling as the critical current of the second excitation tooling;

[0022] After completing the preset number of excitations of the second excitation fixture, adjust to the third excitation fixture; load at least one excitation at the same temperature and record the current value;

[0023] Obtaining the critical current of the first excitation tooling device through the last excitation current value of the first excitation tooling device and the slope of the linear equation;

[0024] The critical current of the third excitation tooling is obtained through the first excitation current value of the third excitation tooling and the slope of the linear equation.

[0025] Preferably, the method of obtaining the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnets in each excitation tooling by loading the critical current comprises:

[0026] Through the superconducting magnet model, the critical current of the superconducting magnet in each excitation fixture is loaded respectively to obtain the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnet in each excitation fixture.

[0027] Preferably, the method of selecting any two excitation fixtures as the first group; obtaining the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as the first difference; comprises:

[0028] According to the first difference of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group, a magnetic field intensity distribution change diagram of the first group is obtained, and contour lines are marked;

[0029] Through the multiple first groups, multiple magnetic field intensity distribution change diagrams are obtained.

[0030] Preferably, the method of selecting any two excitation fixtures as the first group; obtaining the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as the first difference; comprises:

[0031] Arrange multiple excitation tools in a preset order; and group any excitation tool in the rear row and any excitation tool in the front row as a first group;

[0032] The magnetic fields of the superconducting magnets in any row of the rear excitation fixtures and any row of the front excitation fixtures in the first group at the same position are subtracted to obtain the difference of the two magnetic field intensities at the position as the first difference.

[0033] Preferably, the method of determining the quench region of the superconducting magnet according to the critical current difference and the first difference comprises:

[0034] Obtaining a critical current difference between two excitation tools in any first group as a second difference;

[0035] If the second difference of the first group is greater than zero, the area of ​​the first difference first threshold in the group is used as the pending quench area; wherein the first threshold is less than or equal to zero;

[0036] If the second difference of the first group is less than zero, the area in the group where the first difference is greater than the second threshold is taken as the pending quench area; wherein the second threshold is greater than or equal to zero;

[0037] Preferably, if a certain area is determined as a pending quench area in any first group, then the area is the final quench area.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present application provides a device for determining a superconducting magnet quench position, the device comprising:

[0039] A critical current acquisition module, used to obtain each critical current of the superconducting magnets in multiple excitation fixtures;

[0040] A distribution acquisition module, used to obtain the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnets in each excitation tooling by loading the critical current;

[0041] The change acquisition module selects any two excitation fixtures as a first group; obtains the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as a first difference;

[0042] A quench region determination module is used to determine the pending quench region of the superconducting magnet by comparing the changes in magnetic field intensity in different excitation fixtures according to the critical current difference and the first difference, based on the negative correlation between the magnetic field intensity and the critical current; if a certain area is determined to be the pending quench region in multiple first groups; then according to the number of first groups in which the area is determined to be the pending quench region and the total number of first groups, and the first difference of the area in each group, determine the probability that the area is the quench region.

[0043] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of any method described in the present application or the functions of the device described in the present application when executing the computer program.

[0044] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions. When a computer reads the computer instructions, the computer executes the steps of any method described in the present application.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least: the quench position can be predicted by using the excitation fixture, and the method is simple and convenient; by loading the critical current in each excitation fixture and obtaining the magnetic field intensity distribution, the magnetic field changes of the superconducting magnet in different states can be accurately captured; combining the data of multiple excitation fixtures, the quench situation of the superconducting magnet can be judged more accurately, reducing the possibility of misjudgment and missed judgment. The method allows the use of different types of excitation fixtures (such as including an iron core, removing an iron core, removing an external iron block, etc.), and by adjusting the configuration of the excitation fixture, it can adapt to the detection requirements of different superconducting magnets, and improve the flexibility and versatility of the detection system; through the preset excitation and detection process, the current and magnetic field data of the superconducting magnet in different excitation fixtures can be systematically obtained, avoiding duplication of work and invalid detection, thereby improving the detection efficiency. By selecting any two excitation fixtures as the first group and calculating the magnetic field intensity difference (first difference), multiple magnetic field intensity distribution change diagrams can be obtained; this is helpful for multi-dimensional data analysis and comparison; by comparing the relationship between the critical current difference (second difference) of two excitation fixtures in different groups and the first difference, the quench region of the superconducting magnet can be determined more reliably; only when a certain area is determined as a pending quench region in multiple groups, it is determined as the final quench region. This multiple confirmation mechanism enhances the reliability of the judgment; by drawing a magnetic field intensity distribution change diagram and marking contour lines, complex magnetic field data can be presented in an intuitive manner, which is convenient for rapid analysis and judgment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a method for determining a quench position of a superconducting magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of an excitation tooling according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the magnetic field intensity distribution inside the coil of different excitation fixtures according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the change in magnetic field intensity distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a linear hypothesis of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the quench region of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more comprehensive and complete and to fully convey the concepts of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted.

[0053] The words expressing positions and directions described in the present invention are all explained with reference to the accompanying drawings as examples, but they can be changed as needed, and all such changes are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] Superconducting materials can exhibit zero resistance under certain conditions (such as extremely low temperature and sufficiently low magnetic field), that is, electric current can flow through them without loss. However, when the magnetic field strength increases to a certain level or the current density exceeds a certain threshold, the superconducting material loses its superconductivity and turns into a normal conductor. This process is called "quenching".

[0055] The critical current Ic refers to the maximum current allowed to pass through a superconducting material to maintain a superconducting state under given conditions (such as temperature, magnetic field strength, etc.); the critical current Ic of a superconducting material will decrease with the increase of the external magnetic field strength B. This is because the external magnetic field will interfere with the electron pairing (i.e., Cooper pairs) inside the superconducting material, making the electrons more susceptible to thermal disturbances and scattering, thereby destroying the superconducting state; therefore, when the magnetic field strength increases, a lower current density is required to maintain superconductivity, that is, the critical current decreases. Based on the above negative correlation, if a relatively high magnetic field strength B is observed in a certain area and the critical current Ic is significantly reduced at the same time, then this area is likely to be a region where the superconducting material is about to or has already quenched.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for determining a superconducting magnet quench position, the method comprising:

[0057] Obtaining critical currents of superconducting magnets in multiple excitation fixtures;

[0058] By loading the critical current, the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnets in each excitation tooling is obtained;

[0059] Select any two excitation fixtures as a first group; obtain the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as a first difference;

[0060] A quench region of the superconducting magnet is determined according to the critical current difference and the first difference.

[0061] The working principle of the above technical solution is: the critical current is the current threshold at which the superconducting material changes from the superconducting state to the normal state (i.e., loses superconductivity) under specific conditions; by performing excitation tests in different excitation fixtures and recording the relationship between the current and the number of excitations, the point at which the current growth gradually slows down and eventually tends to stabilize can be obtained, and this point is the critical current in the excitation fixture.

[0062] After determining the critical current in each excitation tooling, the next step is to load the critical current under these conditions and use simulation models or actual measurement methods to obtain the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnet; the magnetic field intensity distribution reflects the intensity and direction distribution of the magnetic field inside the magnet and is an important indicator for evaluating the performance of the magnet; by loading the critical current, the working state of the magnet under extreme conditions can be simulated, thereby observing the changes in its magnetic field intensity distribution.

[0063] Select any two excitation fixtures as the first group; calculate their difference (first difference) by comparing the magnetic field strengths at various positions of the superconducting magnets in the two excitation fixtures; this difference reflects the relative change of magnetic field strengths in different regions under different critical current excitations.

[0064] Based on the negative correlation between the magnetic field intensity B and the critical current Ic, the quench region of the superconducting magnet is determined by comparing the changes in magnetic field intensity in different excitation fixtures.

[0065] The effects of the above technical solution are:

[0066] Normally, the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnet under a preset current can be obtained; and by loading the critical current in each excitation tooling and obtaining the corresponding magnetic field intensity distribution, the magnetic field change characteristics of the superconducting magnet under different working conditions can be accurately captured; by comparing these magnetic field intensity distribution change diagrams, the quench region in the superconducting magnet can be accurately identified, providing a reliable basis for subsequent troubleshooting and repair. Traditional fault diagnosis methods may require multiple experiments and tests to determine the quench position of the superconducting magnet, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but may not accurately find the problem. The method of the present invention can quickly locate the quench region by simulating and comparing the magnetic field intensity distribution under different conditions, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of fault diagnosis; by comparing the magnetic field intensity difference and critical current difference in different excitation tooling, combined with the physical properties of the superconducting magnet (such as the negative correlation between magnetic field intensity and critical current), the quench region can be accurately determined. This method is more direct and reliable than traditional detection methods based on temperature or resistance changes; the grouping of excitation tools in this method is arbitrary, and different combinations can be selected for detection according to actual needs; this flexibility makes the method applicable to superconducting magnets of different sizes and structures, improving its versatility and practicality.

[0067] In some embodiments, the excitation tooling includes at least two; and obtaining each critical current of the superconducting magnet in the plurality of excitation tooling includes:

[0068] Under preset temperature conditions, excitation is carried out in each excitation tooling in turn to obtain the variation curves of current and excitation times in each excitation tooling; based on the variation curves of current and excitation times in each excitation tooling, the critical current in each excitation tooling is obtained.

[0069] In some embodiments, the excitation tooling includes a first excitation tooling, a second excitation tooling and a third excitation tooling.

[0070] In some specific applications, the first excitation tooling includes an iron core (Plug); the second excitation tooling is to remove the iron core (No-Plug); the third excitation tooling is to remove the external iron block (no iron); Figure 2 As stated, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an excitation tooling.

[0071] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: the first excitation tool contains an iron core; the presence of the iron core can significantly affect the distribution and strength of the magnetic field because it can enhance or guide the magnetic field lines; the second excitation tool removes the iron core; compared with the first tool, the distribution and strength of the magnetic field intensity will change after the iron core is removed; the third excitation tool removes the external iron block. Further reduce or change the configuration of ferromagnetic materials around the magnet to explore its more subtle effects on the magnetic field intensity distribution and superconducting performance.

[0072] Under the preset temperature condition, which is usually the extremely low temperature at which the superconducting material maintains superconductivity, in a specific embodiment, the preset temperature may be 4.4K, and the above three excitation tools are used in sequence for excitation;

[0073] At extremely low temperatures, superconducting magnets are excited by applying current through tooling. At this time, a magnetic field begins to be generated inside the magnet. After each excitation, due to the influence of the microstructure inside the superconducting magnet (such as defects, impurities, etc.), the magnetic field does not continue to increase, but will undergo a decay process. This decay is caused by obstacles encountered when the magnetic flux lines are redistributed in the superconductor (such as the flux pinning effect) as well as eddy current losses, resistance heating and other factors. Corresponding to the attenuation of the magnetic field, the current will gradually decrease with the increase in the number of excitations; this is because the change in the magnetic field will in turn affect the distribution and size of the current. In the superconducting state, although the resistance is almost zero, changes in the magnetic field and the flux pinning effect will still affect the current. After multiple excitations, the magnetic field and current inside the superconducting magnet will gradually tend to a stable state; this stable current value is the critical current of the superconducting magnet under this condition; the critical current refers to the maximum current value that the superconducting magnet can carry while maintaining the superconducting state; exceeding this value, the superconducting magnet will lose its superconducting properties and enter a normal state, accompanied by an increase in resistance and heat generation; in each excitation fixture, the critical current of the superconducting magnet in each excitation fixture can be determined by observing the change of current with the number of excitations and finding the point where the current tends to stabilize; testing with multiple excitation fixtures can simulate different application scenarios and conditions, and evaluate the performance of superconducting magnets under different conditions.

[0074] In some embodiments, under the preset temperature condition, excitation is performed in each excitation tool in turn to obtain the change curves of the current and the number of excitations in each excitation tool respectively; according to the change curves of the current and the number of excitations in each excitation tool, obtaining the critical current in each excitation tool comprises:

[0075] In the first excitation tooling, multiple excitations are performed to obtain the current change between two adjacent excitations; this change can be a direct difference or a change rate;

[0076] If the current change is greater than the preset threshold, the excitation is continuously increased until the current change between two adjacent excitations is lower than the preset threshold; when the current change rate is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that the current is still increasing significantly and has not reached a stable state; the excitation is continued until the current change rate between two adjacent excitations is lower than the preset threshold, at which time it is considered that the current has stabilized and is close to a critical state.

[0077] Adjust to the second excitation fixture, and perform at least two excitations at the same temperature; obtain the current of the first excitation of the second excitation fixture, the linear equation of the change of the current of the second excitation fixture and the number of excitations, and the slope of the linear equation; use the current of the first excitation of the second excitation fixture as the critical current of the second excitation fixture; wherein the number of first excitations of the second excitation fixture is counted as the total number of excitations of the first excitation fixture plus 1; establish a linear equation of the number of excitations and the change of the magnetic field current in the second excitation fixture, recorded as the second equation, wherein the second equation is: I2=a*N+b2; wherein I2 is the magnetic field current in the second excitation fixture; N is the number of excitations, a is the slope of the linear equation; b2 is the intercept of the linear equation obtained by the current of the second excitation fixture and the number of excitations, i.e., the second intercept;

[0078] For example: if the total number of excitations of the first excitation fixture is 5, then the number of excitations N corresponding to the first excitation of the second excitation fixture is 6, and the number of excitations N corresponding to the second excitation fixture is 7. Through the number of excitations N corresponding to the two second excitation fixtures and the current corresponding to the second excitation fixture, the slope and the second intercept of the linear equation can be obtained, and the current of the magnetic field in the second excitation fixture can be calculated for the N-1th and N+jth excitations;

[0079] After completing the preset number of excitations of the second excitation fixture, adjust to the third excitation fixture; load at least one excitation at the same temperature and record the current value;

[0080] The critical current of the first excitation tooling is obtained by the last excitation current value of the first excitation tooling and the slope of the linear equation; since the last excitation current value in the first excitation tooling has tended to be stable, assuming that the excitation is continued in the first tooling, a linear equation can also be obtained through the subsequent excitation of the first excitation tooling, which is recorded as the first equation, and the slope of the first equation is consistent with the slope of the second equation; through the second equation, the current in the second excitation tooling when the last excitation in the first excitation tooling is assumed to be carried out in the second excitation tooling is obtained, and the difference in intercepts can be obtained by comparing the current with the actual current of the first excitation tooling under the excitation, so as to calculate the current in the first excitation tooling when the first excitation in the second excitation tooling is assumed to be carried out in the first excitation tooling; the current is the critical current of the first excitation tooling;

[0081] The critical current of the third excitation tooling is obtained by the first excitation current value of the third excitation tooling and the slope of the linear equation. The current assuming that the first excitation in the second excitation tooling is carried out in the third excitation tooling is calculated in the same way as the critical current of the third excitation tooling.

[0082] The effect of the above technical solution is as follows: in the first excitation fixture, when the current change rate tends to be stable, it means that the performance of the magnet in the excitation fixture has approached its limit or stable state; adjusting to the second excitation fixture can explore the influence of different fixture configurations on the performance of the magnet, so as to have a more comprehensive understanding of the performance characteristics of the magnet; testing in different fixtures in turn can make full use of resources and reduce repeated excitation and waste; at the same time, through a systematic test process, it can be ensured that the test in each excitation fixture is carried out according to the predetermined plan, thereby improving the experimental efficiency; the first excitation current after adjusting to the second excitation fixture represents the initial state of the magnet in the fixture; since the magnet has not been affected by multiple excitations at this time, its current value is closer to the real critical current in the fixture; if the excitation continues in the first excitation fixture until the real critical current is reached, the cumulative effects generated in this process (such as thermal effects and stress changes inside the magnet) may interfere with the accurate judgment of the critical current in the second excitation fixture.

[0083] During the excitation process of a superconducting magnet, the change of current with the number of excitations can usually be approximated as a linear relationship (in a region close to steady state). This assumption is based on the continuity and stability of the physical process, that is, in different excitation fixtures, although the specific conditions (such as magnetic field strength, fixture material, etc.) vary, the change trend (slope) of the current with the number of excitations may remain consistent or similar. Ideally, if the two excitation fixtures affect the performance of the magnet only in the intercept (i.e., initial condition or offset) without affecting the slope (i.e., change trend), then the current data in the second excitation fixture can be "mapped" to the first or third excitation fixture by adjusting the intercept. This equivalence assumption simplifies the problem, allowing the critical current in other fixtures to be inferred from less experimental data. With limited resources, the method can allocate and utilize resources more reasonably and avoid repeated testing under unnecessary fixtures or conditions.

[0084] In some embodiments, the step of obtaining the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnets in each excitation tooling by loading the critical current comprises:

[0085] Through the superconducting magnet model (finite element simulation), the critical current of the superconducting magnet in each excitation fixture is loaded respectively to obtain the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnet in each excitation fixture; the magnetic field intensity distribution inside the coil of different excitation fixtures is shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 shown.

[0086] In some embodiments, the step of selecting any two excitation fixtures as a first group; obtaining the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as a first difference; comprises:

[0087] According to the first difference of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group, a magnetic field intensity distribution change diagram of the first group is obtained, and contour lines are marked;

[0088] Through the multiple first groups, multiple magnetic field intensity distribution change diagrams are obtained.

[0089] On the basis of known critical current, a corresponding current is applied to the superconducting magnet, and a superconducting magnet model (such as finite element analysis FEA) is used to simulate the distribution of magnetic field intensity in different excitation fixtures;

[0090] In the method for determining the quench position of a superconducting magnet, by selecting any two excitation fixtures as the first group and calculating the difference (first difference) of the magnetic field strength at each position of the superconducting magnet in the two excitation fixtures, the magnetic field change characteristics of the magnet under different current excitations can be revealed. Furthermore, a magnetic field strength distribution change diagram is drawn based on these first differences, and contour lines are marked, which can intuitively show the spatial distribution of the magnetic field strength inside the magnet and its changes with the excitation fixtures.

[0091] Contour map is a commonly used graphical representation method in geography and physics. It shows the continuous change of data in space by connecting points with the same value (such as magnetic field intensity). In superconducting magnet quench detection, contour map can clearly show the change area and trend of magnetic field intensity, which helps to identify potential quench areas.

[0092] By performing similar calculations and analyses on multiple first groups (i.e., multiple different excitation tool combinations), multiple magnetic field intensity change graphs can be obtained. These images can be compared and superimposed to further verify and confirm the location and range of the quench area.

[0093] In some embodiments, the step of selecting any two excitation fixtures as a first group; obtaining the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as a first difference; comprises:

[0094] Arrange multiple excitation tools in a preset order; and group any excitation tool in the rear row and any excitation tool in the front row as a first group;

[0095] The magnetic fields of the superconducting magnets of any rear excitation fixture in the first group and any front excitation fixture in the same position are subtracted to obtain the difference of the two magnetic field intensities at the position as the first difference.

[0096] See attached Figure 4; In some specific applications, the first excitation tooling includes an iron core; the second excitation tooling is for removing the iron core; the third excitation tooling is for removing the external iron block; the first excitation tooling, the second excitation tooling and the third excitation tooling are sorted, and the first excitation tooling and the second excitation tooling are grouped as a first group; the magnetic field strength at each position in the second excitation tooling is subtracted from the magnetic field strength at each position in the first excitation tooling to obtain a first difference, and a magnetic field strength distribution change diagram of the first grouping is obtained through the first difference at each position; the third excitation tooling and the second excitation tooling are grouped as a first group; The first difference is obtained by subtracting the magnetic field strength at each position in the third excitation tooling from the magnetic field strength at each corresponding position in the second excitation tooling, and the magnetic field strength distribution change diagram of the first group is obtained through the first difference at each position; the third excitation tooling and the first excitation tooling are regarded as a first group; the first difference is obtained by subtracting the magnetic field strength at each position in the first excitation tooling from the magnetic field strength at each position in the third excitation tooling, and the magnetic field strength distribution change diagram of the first group is obtained through the first difference at each position; in each magnetic field change diagram, mark the 0 straight line, i.e., the line with equal magnetic field strength, i.e., the line with no change in magnetic field strength.

[0097] In the method for determining the quench position of a superconducting magnet, any two excitation fixtures are selected as the first group and the difference in magnetic field strength between them is calculated in order to identify potential quench areas by comparing the changes in magnetic field under different excitation conditions. However, in some embodiments, in order to improve the systematicness and efficiency of the analysis, a method of arranging multiple excitation fixtures in a preset order is adopted, and the excitation fixtures arranged at the rear are combined with the excitation fixtures at the front to form multiple first groups.

[0098] The principle is that the magnetic field distribution of a superconducting magnet is determined by the current distribution inside it, and the current distribution is affected by the excitation fixture. When the excitation fixture changes, the current distribution inside the magnet will also change accordingly, resulting in a change in the magnetic field strength. By comparing the difference in magnetic field strength at the same position in different excitation fixtures, the sensitivity of the magnet to excitation changes at that position can be revealed, and then it can be determined whether there is a quench phenomenon.

[0099] Specifically, any excitation fixtures in the rear row and any excitation fixtures in the front row are grouped as the first group because the excitation fixtures in the rear row may be affected by the magnetic field of the fixtures in the front row, or the magnetic field superposition effect generated when the two together act on the magnet is different. By calculating the difference in magnetic field strength (first difference) of the two excitation fixtures at the same position, the response characteristics of the magnetic field at the position to the change of the excitation fixture can be reflected.

[0100] Arranging the excitation tools in a preset order and grouping them in sequence makes the entire detection process more systematic and orderly. This helps reduce omissions and duplication of work and improves detection efficiency. Through the combination of multiple first groups, more positions and areas inside the superconducting magnet can be covered; it helps to comprehensively evaluate the operating status and potential problems of the magnet and improve the comprehensiveness of the detection; due to the use of multiple groups and multiple positions of the magnetic field strength difference for comparison and analysis, the location and range of the quench area can be more accurately determined. This helps to reduce the possibility of misjudgment and missed judgment and improve the accuracy of detection.

[0101] In some embodiments, the quench region of the superconducting magnet is determined according to the critical current difference and the first difference.

[0102] include:

[0103] Obtaining a critical current difference between two excitation tools in any first group as a second difference;

[0104] If the second difference of the first group is greater than zero, then the area in the group where the first difference is less than the first threshold is used as the pending quench area; wherein the first threshold is less than or equal to zero;

[0105] If the second difference of the first group is less than zero, the area in the group where the first difference is greater than the second threshold is used as the pending quench area; wherein the second threshold is greater than or equal to zero;

[0106] In some embodiments, if a certain area is determined as a pending quench area in any first group, then the area is a final quench area.

[0107] The working principle of the above technical solution is:

[0108] like Figure 5 As shown, according to the linear hypothesis, the magnetic field intensity B is negatively correlated with the critical current Ic. If the current change and the magnetic field change are negatively correlated at a certain position, then this position is the quench region.

[0109] First, measure and record the critical current Ic of the superconducting magnet in each excitation fixture. The critical current is the maximum current value that the superconducting magnet can withstand to maintain the superconducting state.

[0110] The corresponding critical current Ic is loaded in each excitation fixture, and the magnetic field intensity distribution B of the superconducting magnet in this state is measured. This step is to establish the benchmark data of the magnetic field intensity in the superconducting state.

[0111] Select any two excitation fixtures as the first group, and calculate the difference in magnetic field strength at each position of the superconducting magnet in the two excitation fixtures, i.e., the first difference. This difference reflects the influence of different fixtures on the magnetic field strength under the same critical current.

[0112] At the same time, the critical current difference between the two excitation fixtures, i.e., the second difference, is calculated. This difference is used to determine the relative magnitude of the current between the two excitation fixtures.

[0113] According to the negative correlation between the magnetic field intensity B and the critical current Ic, and the calculated first difference and second difference, the following judgment is made:

[0114] If the second difference is greater than zero (i.e. the critical current of the first excitation fixture is greater than the critical current of the second excitation fixture), then theoretically the magnetic field strength in the first excitation fixture should be stronger. Therefore, if the first difference ΔB is less than the first threshold (i.e. the magnetic field strength in the first excitation fixture is actually weaker), it indicates that a quench may have occurred in the region, and the region is marked as a pending quench region; wherein the first threshold is less than or equal to zero.

[0115] On the contrary, if the second difference is less than zero (i.e. the critical current of the first excitation fixture is less than the critical current of the second excitation fixture), then theoretically the magnetic field strength in the second excitation fixture should be stronger. If the first difference is greater than the second threshold value (i.e. the magnetic field strength in the second excitation fixture is actually weaker), then it also indicates that a quench may have occurred in the region, and it is also marked as a pending quench region; wherein the second threshold value is greater than or equal to zero. For each position of the superconducting magnet, check whether it is marked as a pending quench region multiple times in all first groups.

[0116] If an area is determined as a pending quench area in multiple groups, the area can be finally determined to be a quench area.

[0117] In some embodiments, the first threshold and the second threshold are both set to zero.

[0118] In some other embodiments, obtaining the first difference and the second difference in each group of quench positions in historical quench events;

[0119] The first threshold and the second threshold are determined by machine learning according to the multiple first differences and the second differences, the ratio of the first difference to the second difference, and the temperature.

[0120] In specific applications, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The distribution of changes in the magnetic field obtained by subtracting the magnetic field strength in the first excitation tooling from the magnetic field strength in the second excitation tooling, the distribution of changes in the magnetic field obtained by subtracting the magnetic field strength in the second excitation tooling from the magnetic field strength in the third excitation tooling, and the distribution of changes in the magnetic field obtained by subtracting the magnetic field strength in the first excitation tooling from the magnetic field strength in the third excitation tooling;

[0121] Among them, the difference between the critical current in the second excitation fixture and the critical current in the first excitation fixture is a negative value; then in the corresponding distribution diagram, the area where the magnetic field intensity change is greater than 0 is the undetermined quench area;

[0122] The difference between the critical current in the third excitation fixture and the critical current in the second excitation fixture is a positive value; then in the corresponding distribution diagram, the area where the magnetic field intensity change is less than 0 is the undetermined quench area;

[0123] The difference between the critical current in the third excitation fixture and the critical current in the first excitation fixture is a positive value; then in the corresponding distribution diagram, the area where the magnetic field intensity change is less than 0 is the undetermined quench area; the three distribution diagrams are merged together, such as Figure 6 As shown, it can be seen that the shaded portion is determined as a pending quench region in any first group, so the shaded portion is a quench region.

[0124] The effect of the above technical solution is: a single tool may cause errors or deviations in the measurement data due to the influence of local environmental factors (such as temperature, electromagnetic interference, etc.); while using multiple tools for simultaneous measurement and comparison can reduce the uncertainty caused by a single data point through mutual verification of data, thereby improving the accuracy of the overall judgment.

[0125] When multiple tools detect similar signs of quench at different locations at the same time (i.e., the trend of the change of the first difference is consistent with the relative relationship of the critical current difference), this multiple confirmation mechanism greatly enhances the reliability of the judgment result. Even if the data of a tool is abnormal, it will not have a decisive impact on the overall judgment result. Multiple tools are distributed in different areas of the superconducting magnet, which can achieve a wider coverage and more detailed monitoring, and help to find potential quench areas early, especially in those areas that may be difficult to reach or detect with a single tool; at the same time, the joint use of multiple tools can also improve the overall sensitivity of the detection system and respond promptly to minor signs of quench; by analyzing the data differences and relationships between different tools, multi-dimensional diagnostic information such as the location, size, and development trend of the quench area can be obtained; this information is of great reference value for subsequent emergency treatment, repair plan formulation, and magnet performance evaluation. The multi-tool judgment mechanism itself has a certain fault tolerance. Even if a tool fails or the data is abnormal, the entire detection system can continue to work and give a relatively accurate judgment result. This robustness is crucial to ensure the safe and stable operation of key equipment such as superconducting magnets.

[0126] In summary, using multiple excitation fixtures to jointly determine the quench region of a superconducting magnet can not only improve the accuracy and reliability of the determination, but also expand the detection range and sensitivity, provide multi-dimensional diagnostic information, and enhance the robustness of the entire detection system. These benefits and effects are of great significance for ensuring the long-term stable operation of complex equipment such as superconducting magnets.

[0127] In some other embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0128] If a certain area is determined as a pending quench area in multiple first groups;

[0129] Then, according to the number of first groups in which the area is determined to be a pending quench area and the total number of first groups, and the first difference value of the area in each group, the probability that the area is a quench is determined;

[0130] The probability of quenching is:

[0131]

[0132] Wherein, the probability of quenching in the P region, m is the first group number of the region determined as the pending quenching region; M is the total number of first groups; D1k is the first difference value of the region obtained in the kth first group.

[0133] The working principle and effect of the above technical solution are:

[0134] In order to more accurately determine whether a certain area of ​​a superconducting magnet is quenched, a probability evaluation method is introduced. This method not only considers the frequency of the area being determined as a pending quench area in multiple groups (i.e., the ratio of the number of first groups determined as pending quench areas to the total number of first groups), but also combines the size of the first difference (i.e., the difference in magnetic field strength) of the area in each group. If the frequency of the area being consistently determined as a pending quench area in multiple groups. If most groups determine it as a quench, then this ratio will be close to 1, indicating that the area is likely to have quenched; since the first difference reflects the change in magnetic field strength, the size of the difference can indirectly reflect the severity of the quench. By calculating the ratio of the sum of the square roots of the first differences in the groups determined to be quenched to the sum of the square roots of the first differences in all groups, the contribution of those groups with large magnetic field strength changes to the quench probability can be further emphasized. By comprehensively considering the two factors of frequency and difference, this method can more accurately evaluate the quench probability of a certain area of ​​a superconducting magnet; it helps to reduce misjudgments and missed judgments and improve the accuracy of the overall judgment.

[0135] The present application provides a device for determining a superconducting magnet quench position, the device comprising:

[0136] A critical current acquisition module, used to obtain each critical current of the superconducting magnets in multiple excitation fixtures;

[0137] A distribution acquisition module, used to obtain the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnets in each excitation tooling by loading the critical current;

[0138] The change acquisition module selects any two excitation fixtures as a first group; obtains the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as a first difference;

[0139] The quench region determination module is used to determine the quench region of the superconducting magnet according to the critical current difference and the first difference.

[0140] In some embodiments, the excitation tooling includes at least two; the critical current acquisition module includes: under preset temperature conditions, excitation is performed in each excitation tooling in turn, and a change curve between the current and the number of excitations in each excitation tooling is obtained respectively; according to the change curve between the current and the number of excitations in each excitation tooling, the critical current in each excitation tooling is obtained.

[0141] In some embodiments, the excitation tooling includes a first excitation tooling, a second excitation tooling and a third excitation tooling; the first excitation tooling includes an iron core; the second excitation tooling is for removing the iron core; and the third excitation tooling is for removing an external iron block.

[0142] Under the preset temperature condition, excitation is performed in each excitation tooling in turn to obtain the change curves of the current and the number of excitations in each excitation tooling; and according to the change curves of the current and the number of excitations in each excitation tooling, the critical current in each excitation tooling is obtained, which includes:

[0143] In the first excitation tooling, multiple excitations are performed to obtain the current changes between two adjacent excitations;

[0144] If the current change is greater than the preset threshold, the excitation is continuously increased until the current change between two adjacent excitations is lower than the preset threshold;

[0145] Adjust to the second excitation tooling, and perform at least two excitations at the same temperature; obtain the current of the first excitation of the second excitation tooling, the linear equation of the current change of the second excitation tooling and the number of excitations, and the slope of the linear equation; use the current of the first excitation of the second excitation tooling as the critical current of the second excitation tooling;

[0146] After completing the preset number of excitations of the second excitation fixture, adjust to the third excitation fixture; load at least one excitation at the same temperature and record the current value;

[0147] Obtaining the critical current of the first excitation tooling device through the last excitation current value of the first excitation tooling device and the slope of the linear equation;

[0148] The critical current of the third excitation tooling is obtained through the first excitation current value of the third excitation tooling and the slope of the linear equation.

[0149] In some embodiments, the execution method of the distribution acquisition module includes:

[0150] Through the superconducting magnet model, the critical current of the superconducting magnet in each excitation fixture is loaded respectively to obtain the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnet in each excitation fixture.

[0151] In some embodiments, the change acquisition module further includes:

[0152] According to the first difference of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group, a magnetic field intensity distribution change diagram of the first group is obtained, and contour lines are marked;

[0153] A plurality of magnetic field intensity distribution change diagrams are obtained through a plurality of first groups. In some embodiments, the change acquisition module comprises:

[0154] A grouping unit is used to arrange a plurality of excitation tools in a preset order; any excitation tool in the rear row and any excitation tool in the front row are grouped as a first group;

[0155] The difference acquisition unit is used to subtract the magnetic field of the superconducting magnets in any row of the rear excitation fixtures and any row of the front excitation fixtures in the first group at the same position to obtain the difference of the two magnetic field intensities at the position as the first difference.

[0156] In some embodiments, the quench region determination module includes:

[0157] A second difference acquisition unit is used to obtain a critical current difference between two excitation tools in any first group as a second difference;

[0158] A first determination unit, configured to, if the second difference of the first group is greater than zero, use a region in the group where the first difference is less than a first threshold as a pending quench region; wherein the first threshold is less than or equal to zero;

[0159] A second determination unit, if the second difference of the first group is less than zero, then the area in the group where the first difference is greater than a second threshold is used as a pending quench area; wherein the second threshold is greater than or equal to zero;

[0160] The third determination unit is configured to determine that if a certain area is determined as a pending quench area in any first group, the area is a final quench area.

[0161] In some embodiments, the first threshold and the second threshold are both set to zero.

[0162] In some other embodiments, obtaining the first difference and the second difference in each group of quench positions in historical quench events;

[0163] The first threshold and the second threshold are determined by machine learning according to the multiple first differences and the second differences, the ratio of the first difference to the second difference, and the temperature.

[0164] In some other embodiments, the third determination unit further includes:

[0165] If a certain area is determined as a pending quench area in multiple first groups;

[0166] Then, according to the number of first groups in which the area is determined to be a pending quench area and the total number of first groups, and the first difference value of the area in each group, the probability that the area is a quench is determined;

[0167] The probability of quenching is:

[0168]

[0169] Wherein, the probability of quenching in the P region, m is the first group number of the region determined as the pending quenching region; M is the total number of first groups; D1k is the first difference value of the region obtained in the kth first group.

[0170] The principles and effects of the above scheme are consistent with the principles and effects of the method of the embodiment of the present application, and will not be repeated here.

[0171] An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any method described in the embodiment of the present application or the functions of the device described in the embodiment of the present application.

[0172] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the steps of any method described in the embodiments of the present application are implemented. The specific implementation method is consistent with the implementation method and the technical effect achieved in the above method embodiments, and some contents will not be repeated here.

[0173] In the present application, a readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program, which can be used by an instruction execution system, device or device or used in combination with it. A program product can adopt any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, a system, device or device of electricity, magnetism, light, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor, or any combination of the above. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0174] Computer-readable storage media may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, wherein readable program codes are carried. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. The readable storage medium may also be any readable medium, which may send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, an apparatus, or a device or for use in combination with it. The program code contained on the readable storage medium may be transmitted with any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above. The program code for performing the operation of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, C++, etc., and also conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C language or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on a user computing device, partially on an associated device, as an independent software package, partially on a user computing device, partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. Where a remote computing device is involved, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0175] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, substitute and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. All such changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining a quench position of a superconducting magnet, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining critical currents of superconducting magnets in multiple excitation fixtures; By loading the critical current, the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnets in each excitation tooling is obtained; Select any two excitation fixtures as a first group; obtain the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as a first difference; According to the critical current difference and the first difference, based on the negative correlation between magnetic field intensity and critical current, by comparing the changes in magnetic field intensity in different excitation fixtures, determining the pending quench region of the superconducting magnet; If a certain area is determined as a pending quench area in multiple first groups, the probability that the area is a quench area is determined according to the number of first groups in which the area is determined as the pending quench area and the total number of first groups, and the first difference of the area in each group.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The excitation tooling includes at least two; The method of obtaining the critical currents of the superconducting magnets in the plurality of excitation fixtures comprises: Under the preset temperature condition, excitation is performed in each excitation fixture in turn, and the variation curves of the current and the number of excitation times in each excitation fixture are obtained respectively; According to the variation curve of the current and the excitation times in each excitation fixture, the critical current in each excitation fixture is obtained.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The excitation tooling includes a first excitation tooling, a second excitation tooling and a third excitation tooling.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Under the preset temperature condition, excitation is performed in each excitation tool in turn to obtain the change curve of current and excitation times in each excitation tool respectively; According to the variation curve of current and excitation times in each excitation fixture, the critical current in each excitation fixture is obtained, including: In the first excitation tooling, multiple excitations are performed to obtain the current changes between two adjacent excitations; If the current change is greater than the preset threshold, the excitation is continuously increased until the current change between two adjacent excitations is lower than the preset threshold; Adjust to the second excitation tooling, and perform at least two excitations at the same temperature; obtain the current of the first excitation of the second excitation tooling, the linear equation of the current change of the second excitation tooling and the number of excitations, and the slope of the linear equation; use the current of the first excitation of the second excitation tooling as the critical current of the second excitation tooling; After completing the preset number of excitations of the second excitation fixture, adjust to the third excitation fixture; load at least one excitation at the same temperature and record the current value; Obtaining the critical current of the first excitation tooling device through the last excitation current value of the first excitation tooling device and the slope of the linear equation; The critical current of the third excitation tooling is obtained through the first excitation current value of the third excitation tooling and the slope of the linear equation.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of obtaining the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnets in each excitation tooling by loading the critical current comprises: Through the superconducting magnet model, the critical current of the superconducting magnet in each excitation fixture is loaded respectively to obtain the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnet in each excitation fixture.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of selecting any two excitation fixtures as the first group; obtaining the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as the first difference; comprises: According to the first difference of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group, a magnetic field intensity distribution change diagram of the first group is obtained, and contour lines are marked; Through the multiple first groups, multiple magnetic field intensity distribution change diagrams are obtained.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of selecting any two excitation fixtures as the first group; obtaining the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as the first difference; comprises: Arrange multiple excitation tools in a preset order; and group any excitation tool in the rear row and any excitation tool in the front row as a first group; The magnetic fields of the superconducting magnets in any row of the rear excitation fixtures and any row of the front excitation fixtures in the first group at the same position are subtracted to obtain the difference of the two magnetic field intensities at the position as the first difference.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that According to the critical current difference and the first difference, based on the negative correlation between the magnetic field strength and the critical current, by comparing the changes in the magnetic field strength in different excitation fixtures, determining the pending quench region of the superconducting magnet; comprising: Obtaining a critical current difference between two excitation tools in any first group as a second difference; If the second difference of the first group is greater than zero, the area in the group where the first difference is less than the first threshold is taken as the pending quench area; wherein the first threshold is less than or equal to zero; If the second difference of the first group is less than zero, a region in the group where the first difference is greater than a second threshold is used as a pending quench region; wherein the second threshold is greater than or equal to zero.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The method comprises: If a certain area is determined as a pending quench area in any first group, then the area is the final quench area.

10. A device for determining the quench position of a superconducting magnet, characterized in that: The device comprises: A critical current acquisition module, used to obtain each critical current of the superconducting magnets in multiple excitation fixtures; A distribution acquisition module, used to obtain the magnetic field intensity distribution of the superconducting magnets in each excitation tooling by loading the critical current; The change acquisition module selects any two excitation fixtures as a first group; obtains the difference in magnetic field strength of each position of the superconducting magnet in the first group in the two excitation fixtures as a first difference; A quench region determination module is used to determine the pending quench region of the superconducting magnet by comparing the changes in magnetic field intensity in different excitation fixtures according to the critical current difference and the first difference, based on the negative correlation between the magnetic field intensity and the critical current; if a certain area is determined to be the pending quench region in multiple first groups; then according to the number of first groups in which the area is determined to be the pending quench region and the total number of first groups, and the first difference of the area in each group, determine the probability that the area is the quench region.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of any method of claims 1 to 9 or the functions of the device of claim 10 when executing the computer program.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores computer instructions, and when a computer reads the computer instructions, the computer executes the steps of any one of the methods described in claims 1-9.

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