A Dynamic Typhoon Similarity Matching Method Based on Meteorological Structure Similarity

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity, comprising: obtaining characteristic data of the current typhoon and historical typhoons, the characteristic data including typhoon path data and typhoon meteorological data; selecting three consecutive real-time points of the current typhoon and three consecutive typhoon point data in historical typhoons, respectively calculating the similarity of the atmospheric field elements on the three real-time points and the typhoon points, and sequentially screening out several historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon; based on the paths of the selected several historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon, calculating the minimum cumulative distance between the historical typhoon and the current typhoon path, the historical typhoon corresponding to the minimum cumulative distance is the historical typhoon that is most similar to the current typhoon, and the historical typhoon is successfully matched with the current typhoon. This method does not simply consider the similarity of typhoon paths but comprehensively considers the typhoon meteorological field, matches historical typhoons with multiple similar elements, and can better help formulate typhoon response strategies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of meteorological research, and in particular to a dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity. Background Art

[0002] Most existing typhoon similarity matching methods rely on distance metrics and simple dynamic time warping to match typhoon paths. However, these methods fail to consider complex meteorological factors and rely heavily on historical typhoon path data. The resulting similar typhoons are poorly matched, severely impacting the accuracy of typhoon meteorological research. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity, which combines the meteorological characteristics of pressure field and wind field and performs typhoon similarity matching through historical path similarity to improve the accuracy of typhoon prediction.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1: Obtain characteristic data of the current typhoon and historical typhoons, including typhoon path data and typhoon meteorological data;

[0007] S2: Select three consecutive real-time points of the current typhoon and three consecutive typhoon points in the historical typhoon data, calculate the similarity of the atmospheric field elements between the three real-time points and the typhoon points, and select several historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon in turn;

[0008] S3: Based on the paths of several historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon, the minimum cumulative distance between the historical typhoon and the current typhoon path is calculated. The historical typhoon corresponding to the minimum cumulative distance is the historical typhoon most similar to the current typhoon, and the historical typhoon is successfully matched with the current typhoon.

[0009] Furthermore, step S2 includes:

[0010] S21: Based on the characteristic data of the current typhoon and historical typhoons, select the three most recent consecutive live point data (C1, C2, C3) of the current typhoon, and select the three consecutive typhoon point data (H1, H2, H3) from the historical typhoons, where the time interval between the three typhoon point data (H1, H2, H3) is the same as the time interval between the three consecutive live point data (C1, C2, C3);

[0011] S22: Calculate the meteorological element field similarity between the first live point C1 of the current typhoon and the first typhoon point H1 in the historical typhoons, and select m1 historical typhoon points H1 that are most similar to the live point C1 based on the meteorological element field similarity. The m1 historical typhoon points H1 correspond to the m1 most similar historical typhoons.

[0012] S23: Calculate the similarity of meteorological elements between the second typhoon point H2 in the most similar m1 historical typhoons and the second actual point C2 of the current typhoon. According to the similarity of meteorological elements, select the m2 historical typhoon points H2 that are most similar to the actual point C2. The most similar m2 historical typhoon points H2 correspond to the most similar m2 historical typhoons, and m2 <m1;

[0013] S24: Calculate the similarity of meteorological elements between the third typhoon point H3 in the most similar m2 historical typhoons and the third actual point C3 of the current typhoon. According to the similarity of meteorological elements, select the m3 historical typhoon points H3 that are most similar to the actual point C3. The most similar m3 historical typhoon points H3 correspond to the most similar m3 historical typhoons, and m3 <m2。

[0014] Furthermore, the calculation method of the meteorological element field similarity between the typhoon point and the actual point includes:

[0015] A21: Get the longitude and latitude corresponding to the typhoon point and the actual point (lon a ,lat a )、(lon b ,lat b ), a is the actual point, b is the typhoon point, (lon a ,lat a ) is the longitude and latitude of the live point, (lon b ,lat b ) are the longitude and latitude of the typhoon point;

[0016] A22: Calculate the longitude and latitude translation Δlon and Δlat between the typhoon point and the actual point;

[0017] Δlon=lon a -lon b ,Δlat=lat a -lat b ;

[0018] A23: The meteorological element field M of typhoon point b b By moving the translation amounts Δlon and Δlat to the position aligned with the actual point a, the meteorological element field M b The longitude and latitude corresponding to the grid point (i, j) in is lon b ′(i,j), latb ′(i,j):

[0019] lon b ′(i,j)=lon b (i,j)+Δlon,lat b ′(i,j)=lat b (i,j)+Δlat;

[0020] Among them, lon b (i,j), lat b (i, j) are the initial longitude and latitude of the grid point (i, j), i is the discrete position index of the grid point in the latitude direction, and j is the discrete position index of the grid point in the longitude direction;

[0021] A24: Meteorological element field M b Each grid point is aligned with the meteorological element field M of the current typhoon a Within the same longitude and latitude range;

[0022] A25: Calculation of meteorological element field M based on the Laplace operator of two-dimensional pressure field b and meteorological element field M a The pressure field weight of each grid point in the , considering the contribution of different regions in the pressure field, the similarity of the pressure field between the typhoon point and the actual point is calculated by the weighted structural similarity index method;

[0023] A26: According to meteorological elements field M b and meteorological element field M a The wind field weight of each grid point is calculated based on the distance from each grid point to the typhoon center point. The horizontal wind speed similarity and vertical wind speed similarity are calculated based on the wind field weight, and then the wind field similarity is obtained.

[0024] A27: Use the pressure field similarity and wind field similarity to calculate the meteorological element field similarity between the typhoon point and the actual point.

[0025] Furthermore, step A25 includes:

[0026] A251: Calculate the Laplace operator of the two-dimensional pressure field based on the two-dimensional pressure field P(i,j) of the grid point in the meteorological element field

[0027]

[0028] Where x is the east-west direction of air pressure P, It represents the rate of change of air pressure P in the east-west direction, represents the rate of change of air pressure P along the north-south direction, y is the north-south direction of air pressure P, Δx and Δy are the longitude and latitude distances between the grid points of the two-dimensional air pressure field, respectively;

[0029] A252: Laplace operator based on two-dimensional pressure field Calculate the pressure field weight w for each grid point lap (i,j);

[0030]

[0031] A253: Using the pressure field weight w at each grid point lap (i, j), and considering the contribution of different regions in the pressure field, the pressure field similarity SSIM (P C ,P H );

[0032]

[0033] Among them, μ C 、μ H are the current typhoon pressure field P C (i, j) and the pressure field P of historical typhoons H The brightness similarity of (i, j) at the grid point (i, j), σ C , σ H are the current typhoon pressure field P C (i, j) and the pressure field P of historical typhoons H The structural similarity of (i, j) at the grid point (i, j), σ CH is the pressure field P C (i, j) and the pressure field P H where c1 is the covariance between (i, j), N is the number of grid points in the meteorological element field, and c1 and c2 are both correction constants for the similarity of the pressure field.

[0034] Furthermore, step A26 includes:

[0035] A261: Calculate the wind field weight ω(i,j) of each grid point based on the distance r(i,j) from each grid point to the typhoon center in the meteorological element field;

[0036]

[0037] A262: Calculate the wind field similarity between the typhoon point and the actual point based on the wind field weight ω(i,j) of each grid point. The wind field similarity includes horizontal wind speed similarity and vertical wind speed similarity.

[0038] Horizontal wind speed similarity SSIM u(v C ,v H ) is calculated as follows:

[0039]

[0040] in, are the horizontal wind speeds of the current typhoon and horizontal wind speeds of historical typhoons The brightness similarity at the grid point (i, j), are the horizontal wind speeds of the current typhoon and horizontal wind speeds of historical typhoons The similarity of the structure at the grid point (i, j), is the horizontal wind speed and horizontal wind speed The covariance between them, c′1 and c′2 are both correction constants for the similarity of horizontal wind speed;

[0041] Similarly, calculate the vertical wind speed similarity SSIM v (u C ,u H );

[0042]

[0043] in, are the vertical wind speeds of the current typhoon and vertical wind speeds of historical typhoons The brightness similarity at the grid point (i, j), are the vertical wind speeds of the current typhoon and vertical wind speeds of historical typhoons The similarity of the structure at the grid point (i, j), Vertical wind speed and vertical wind speed The covariance between them, c″1 and c″2 are correction constants for the similarity of vertical wind speed;

[0044] A263: Based on vertical wind speed similarity SSIM v (u C ,u H ) and horizontal wind speed similarity SSIM u (v C ,v H ) Calculate wind field similarity SSIM V ;

[0045] SSIM V =SSIM v (u C ,u H )+SSIMu (v C ,v H ).

[0046] Furthermore, the meteorological element field similarity SSIM between the actual point and the typhoon point total The calculation method is:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, α and β are the weight coefficients of pressure field similarity and wind field similarity, respectively.

[0049] Furthermore, step S3 includes:

[0050] S31: Based on the m3 most similar historical typhoons selected, the cumulative distance between the paths of the m3 historical typhoons and the current typhoon path is calculated using a dynamic time warping algorithm, and the minimum cumulative distance between the m3 historical typhoons and the current typhoon path is selected;

[0051] The calculation method for the minimum cumulative distance between historical typhoons and the current typhoon path is:

[0052] The path of the current typhoon is defined as C = [C1, C2, ..., C n ], the path of historical typhoons is H=[H1,H2,…,H m ], n is the number of path points of the current typhoon, m is the number of path points of historical typhoons, C n is the nth path point of the current typhoon, C m is the mth path point of the historical typhoon;

[0053] Calculate the minimum cumulative distance DTW(C,H) between the historical typhoon path and the current typhoon path;

[0054]

[0055] Among them, e is the number of the current typhoon path point, f is the number of the historical typhoon path point, C e is the e-th path point of the current typhoon, C f is the f-th path point of the historical typhoon, π is the alignment path between the path points of the current typhoon and the path points of the historical typhoon, (e,f)∈π indicates that the e-th path point of the current typhoon and the f-th path point of the historical typhoon form an alignment relationship, d(C e ,H f ) is the distance between the alignment paths;

[0056] S32: The historical typhoon corresponding to the minimum cumulative distance is the historical typhoon most similar to the current typhoon, and the historical typhoon is successfully matched with the current typhoon.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing typhoon similarity technology only considers path similarity but does not adequately analyze the similarity of the pressure field and wind field. By combining the global similarity calculation of the pressure field and wind field and using the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm to perform global matching of typhoon paths, the method can gradually screen out the historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon, and make a more accurate prediction of the path and intensity of the current typhoon.

[0058] The present invention uses a weighted structural similarity index algorithm and a dynamic time warping algorithm to compare the similarity of the current typhoon and historical typhoons. First, the current typhoon and historical typhoon data are obtained, and then the current typhoon meteorological field and historical typhoon meteorological field data are aligned according to the latitude and longitude coordinates. The Laplace operator and Gaussian decrease are used to construct the weight function of the typhoon pressure field and wind field. According to the weight function, multiple historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon meteorological field are gradually found, and then the dynamic warping algorithm is used to find the most similar historical typhoon. Compared with the existing typhoon similarity comparison method, this method does not simply consider the similarity of typhoon paths but comprehensively considers the typhoon meteorological field, matching historical typhoons with similar multiple elements, which can better help formulate typhoon response strategies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concepts of the present invention are protected.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, a dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity includes the following steps:

[0062] S1: Obtain characteristic data of current and historical typhoons, including typhoon track data and typhoon meteorological data. Typhoon track data can be obtained through the Central Meteorological Observatory's typhoon network, and typhoon meteorological data can be obtained from the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS);

[0063] S2: Select three consecutive real-time points of the current typhoon and three consecutive typhoon points in the historical typhoon data, calculate the similarity of the atmospheric field elements between the three real-time points and the typhoon points, and select several historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon in turn;

[0064] Step S2 specifically includes:

[0065] According to the characteristic data of the current typhoon and historical typhoons, the three most recent continuous live point data of the current typhoon (C1, C2, C3) are selected, and the three consecutive typhoon point data of the historical typhoon (H1, H2, H3) are selected. The time interval between the three typhoon point data (H1, H2, H3) is the same as the time interval between the three consecutive live point data (C1, C2, C3);

[0066] Calculate the meteorological element field similarity between the first live point C1 of the current typhoon and the first typhoon point H1 in the historical typhoons. Based on the meteorological element field similarity, select the 30 historical typhoon points H1 that are most similar to the live point C1. The 30 historical typhoon points H1 correspond to the 30 most similar historical typhoons. The higher the meteorological element field similarity, the higher the similarity between the live point and the typhoon point. The 30 most similar historical typhoon points are the top 30 historical typhoon points in terms of meteorological element field similarity.

[0067] Calculate the similarity of meteorological element fields between the second typhoon point H2 of the 30 most similar historical typhoons and the second actual point C2 of the current typhoon. Based on the similarity of meteorological element fields, select the 20 historical typhoon points H2 that are most similar to the actual point C2. The 20 most similar historical typhoon points H2 correspond to the 20 most similar historical typhoons.

[0068] Calculate the similarity of meteorological elements between the third typhoon point H3 of the 20 most similar historical typhoons and the third actual point C3 of the current typhoon. Based on the similarity of meteorological elements, select the 10 historical typhoon points H3 that are most similar to the actual point C3. The 10 most similar historical typhoon points H3 correspond to the 10 most similar historical typhoons.

[0069] The calculation method of the similarity of meteorological element fields between typhoon points and actual points is:

[0070] Get the latitude and longitude corresponding to the typhoon point and the actual point (lon a ,lat a )、(lon b ,lat b ), a is the actual point, b is the typhoon point, (lon a ,lat a ) is the longitude and latitude of the live point, (lon b ,lat b ) are the longitude and latitude of the typhoon point;

[0071] Calculate the longitude and latitude translation Δlon and Δlat between the typhoon point and the actual point;

[0072] Δlon=lon a-lon b ,Δlat=lat a -lat b ;

[0073] The meteorological element field M of typhoon point b b By moving the translation amounts Δlon and Δlat to the position aligned with the actual point a, the meteorological element field M b The longitude and latitude corresponding to the grid point (i, j) in is lon b ′(i,j), lat b ′(i,j):

[0074] lon b ′(i,j)=lon b (i,j)+Δlon,lat b ′(i,j)=lat b (i,j)+Δlat;

[0075] Among them, lon b (i,j), lat b (i, j) are the initial longitude and latitude of the grid point (i, j), i is the discrete position index of the grid point in the latitude direction, and j is the discrete position index of the grid point in the longitude direction;

[0076] The meteorological element field M b Each grid point is aligned with the meteorological element field M of the current typhoon a Within the same longitude and latitude range;

[0077] When analyzing the atmospheric pressure field, ridges and troughs are crucial structural features. They correspond to high- and low-pressure areas, significantly influencing weather systems, particularly the evolution of typhoon paths. This paper locates these significant features by calculating the second-order derivative of the atmospheric pressure field. The wind field near the typhoon center has the greatest impact on typhoon intensity and path, while the wind field at the edges plays a significant role in path adjustment and interaction with external wind fields. Therefore, changes in the overall wind field, especially near the typhoon center, are key factors influencing typhoon behavior.

[0078] In order to accurately identify the ridges and troughs under the air pressure field, the present invention introduces the second-order derivative of the air pressure field (i.e., the Laplace operator). The second-order derivative represents the acceleration of the air pressure change, which can help us determine the location area of the ridges and troughs.

[0079] According to the two-dimensional pressure field P(i,j) of the grid point in the meteorological element field, calculate the Laplace operator of the two-dimensional pressure field

[0080]

[0081] Where x is the east-west direction of air pressure P, It represents the rate of change of air pressure P in the east-west direction, It represents the rate of change of air pressure P along the north-south direction, y is the north-south direction of air pressure P, Δx and Δy are the longitude and latitude distances between the grid points of the two-dimensional pressure field respectively; the larger the Laplace operator value, the more significant the air pressure change, and the greater the impact on the evolution of the typhoon path.

[0082] The pressure field is weighted using the Laplace operator. The Laplace operator's value reflects the acceleration of the pressure field's change. The larger its absolute value, the more likely the point is located on a ridge or trough. Ridges and troughs significantly influence typhoon paths, so they should be given higher weights.

[0083] According to the Laplace operator of the two-dimensional pressure field Calculate the pressure field weight w for each grid point lap (i,j);

[0084]

[0085] Based on the identification of ridges and troughs, the similarity of the pressure field is calculated using an improved weighted structural similarity index algorithm, which considers the contributions of different regions in the pressure field in a weighted manner.

[0086] Using the pressure field weight w at each grid point lap (i, j), and considering the contribution of different regions in the pressure field, the pressure field similarity SSIM (P C ,P H );

[0087]

[0088] Among them, μ C 、μ H are the current typhoon pressure field P C (i, j) and the pressure field P of historical typhoons H The brightness similarity of (i, j) at the grid point (i, j), σ C , σ H are the current typhoon pressure field P C (i, j) and the pressure field P of historical typhoons H The structural similarity of (i, j) at the grid point (i, j), σ CH is the pressure field P C (i, j) and the pressure field P HThe covariance between (i, j), N is the number of grid points in the meteorological element field, c1 and c2 are correction constants for the similarity of the pressure field to prevent the denominator from being zero or numerically unstable;

[0089] The above formula uses a weighted approach to consider the similarities in brightness (mean), contrast (variance), and structure (covariance) at each grid point in the pressure field. It also incorporates weights for important areas like ridges and troughs to measure the global similarity between two pressure fields. A larger numerator and a smaller denominator indicate a higher similarity between the two pressure fields.

[0090] The wind field weight function is calculated using a Gaussian decreasing weight assignment strategy from the center to the edge. This method emphasizes the importance of the wind field in the typhoon center, reduces the influence of the edge areas, and allows for flexible control of the weight decreasing rate.

[0091] Calculate the wind field weight ω(i,j) of each grid point based on the distance r(i,j) from each grid point to the typhoon center in the meteorological element field;

[0092]

[0093] The wind field similarity between the typhoon point and the actual point is calculated based on the wind field weight ω(i,j) of each grid point. The wind field similarity includes horizontal wind speed similarity and vertical wind speed similarity.

[0094] Horizontal wind speed similarity SSIM u (v C ,v H ) is calculated as follows:

[0095]

[0096] in, are the horizontal wind speeds of the current typhoon and horizontal wind speeds of historical typhoons The brightness similarity at the grid point (i, j), are the horizontal wind speeds of the current typhoon and horizontal wind speeds of historical typhoons The similarity of the structure at the grid point (i, j), is the horizontal wind speed and horizontal wind speed The covariance between them, c′1 and c′2 are both correction constants for the similarity of horizontal wind speed;

[0097] Similarly, calculate the vertical wind speed similarity SSIM v (u C ,u H );

[0098]

[0099] in, are the vertical wind speeds of the current typhoon and vertical wind speeds of historical typhoons The brightness similarity at the grid point (i, j), are the vertical wind speeds of the current typhoon and vertical wind speeds of historical typhoons The similarity of the structure at the grid point (i, j), Vertical wind speed and vertical wind speed The covariance between them, c″1 and c″2 are correction constants for the similarity of vertical wind speed;

[0100] According to the vertical wind speed similarity SSIM v (u C ,u H ) and horizontal wind speed similarity SSIM u (v C ,v H ) Calculate wind field similarity SSIM V ;

[0101] SSIM V =SSIM v (u C ,u H )+SSIM u (v C ,v H );

[0102] Calculate the meteorological element field similarity SSIM between the actual point and the typhoon point total ;

[0103]

[0104] Among them, α and β are the weight coefficients of pressure field similarity and wind field similarity, respectively.

[0105] S3: Based on the paths of several historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon, the minimum cumulative distance between the historical typhoon and the current typhoon path is calculated. The historical typhoon corresponding to the minimum cumulative distance is the historical typhoon that is most similar to the current typhoon, and the historical typhoon and the current typhoon are successfully matched. Step S3 specifically includes:

[0106] Based on the 10 most similar historical typhoons screened out, the dynamic time warping algorithm is used to calculate the cumulative distance between the paths of the 10 historical typhoons and the current typhoon path, and the minimum cumulative distance between the 10 historical typhoons and the current typhoon path is screened out;

[0107] The calculation method for the minimum cumulative distance between historical typhoons and the current typhoon path is:

[0108] The path of the current typhoon is defined as C = [C1, C2, ..., C n ], the path of historical typhoons is H=[H1,H2,…,H m ], n is the number of path points of the current typhoon, m is the number of path points of historical typhoons, C n is the nth path point of the current typhoon, C m is the mth path point of the historical typhoon;

[0109] Calculate the minimum cumulative distance DTW(C,H) between the historical typhoon path and the current typhoon path;

[0110]

[0111] Among them, e is the number of the current typhoon path point, f is the number of the historical typhoon path point, C e is the e-th path point of the current typhoon, C f is the f-th path point of the historical typhoon, π is the alignment path between the path points of the current typhoon and the path points of the historical typhoon, (e,f)∈π indicates that the e-th path point of the current typhoon and the f-th path point of the historical typhoon form an alignment relationship, d(C e ,H f ) is the distance between the alignment paths;

[0112] The historical typhoon with the minimum cumulative distance is the most similar to the current typhoon, and the historical typhoon is successfully matched with the current typhoon. Dynamic Time Warping can effectively deal with misalignments in speed, length, or time when comparing typhoon paths, effectively finding the optimal alignment for comparison.

[0113] The present invention aims to solve the problem that existing typhoon similarity technology only considers path similarity but does not adequately analyze the similarity of pressure and wind fields. By combining the global similarity calculation of pressure and wind fields and using the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm to perform global matching of typhoon paths, this method can gradually screen out historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon and make a more accurate prediction of the path and intensity of the current typhoon.

[0114] The present invention uses a weighted structural similarity index algorithm and a dynamic time warping algorithm to compare the similarity of the current typhoon and historical typhoons. First, the current typhoon and historical typhoon data are obtained, and then the current typhoon meteorological field and historical typhoon meteorological field data are aligned according to the latitude and longitude coordinates. The Laplace operator and Gaussian decrease are used to construct the weight function of the typhoon pressure field and wind field. According to the weight function, multiple historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon meteorological field are gradually found, and then the dynamic warping algorithm is used to find the most similar historical typhoon. Compared with the existing typhoon similarity comparison method, this method does not simply consider the similarity of typhoon paths but comprehensively considers the typhoon meteorological field, matching historical typhoons with similar multiple elements, which can better help formulate typhoon response strategies.

Claims

1. A dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtain characteristic data of the current typhoon and historical typhoons, including typhoon path data and typhoon meteorological data; S2: Select three consecutive real-time points of the current typhoon and three consecutive typhoon points in the historical typhoon data, calculate the similarity of the atmospheric field elements between the three real-time points and the typhoon points, and select several historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon in turn; S3: Based on the paths of several historical typhoons that are most similar to the current typhoon, the minimum cumulative distance between the paths of the historical typhoons and the current typhoon is calculated. The historical typhoon corresponding to the minimum cumulative distance is the historical typhoon that is most similar to the current typhoon, and the historical typhoon and the current typhoon are successfully matched; The calculation method of the meteorological element field similarity between the typhoon point and the actual point includes: A21: Get the latitude and longitude corresponding to the typhoon point and the live point , a For live points, b For typhoon points, is the longitude and latitude of the live point, is the longitude and latitude of the typhoon point; A22: Calculate the longitude and latitude shift between the typhoon point and the actual point ; ； A23: Typhoon point b Meteorological element field M b By translation Move to the point with live a Aligned position, aligned meteorological element field M b The grid points in The corresponding longitude and latitude are : ； in, Grid points The initial longitude and latitude of i is the discrete position index of the grid point in the latitude direction, j is the discrete position index of the grid point in the longitude direction; A24: Meteorological element field M b Each grid point is aligned with the meteorological element field of the current typhoon M a Within the same longitude and latitude range; A25: Calculation of meteorological element fields based on the Laplace operator of the two-dimensional pressure field M b and meteorological element fields M a The pressure field weight of each grid point in the , considering the contribution of different regions in the pressure field, the similarity of the pressure field between the typhoon point and the actual point is calculated by the weighted structural similarity index method; A26: According to meteorological elements M b and meteorological element fields M a The wind field weight of each grid point is calculated based on the distance from each grid point to the typhoon center point. The horizontal wind speed similarity and vertical wind speed similarity are calculated based on the wind field weight, and then the wind field similarity is obtained. A27: Use the pressure field similarity and wind field similarity to calculate the meteorological element field similarity between the typhoon point and the actual point.

2. The dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: S21: Based on the characteristic data of the current typhoon and historical typhoons, select the three most recent continuous live point data of the current typhoon , select three consecutive typhoon point data in historical typhoons , three typhoon point data The time interval between three consecutive live point data The time intervals between them are the same; S22: Calculate the first live point of the current typhoon C 1 and the first typhoon point in history H 1, and select the points with the same meteorological elements as the actual points based on the similarity of the meteorological elements. C 1 most similar m 1 historical typhoon point H1, m 1 historical typhoon point H1 corresponds to m 1 most similar historical typhoon; S23: Calculate the most similar m The second typhoon point in a historical typhoon H 2 Second live point with the current typhoon C 2. The similarity of meteorological elements between the two points is used to select the points with the same meteorological elements as the actual points. C 2 Most similar m 2 historical typhoon points H2, the most similar m The two historical typhoon points H2 correspond to the most similar m 2 historical typhoons, and ; S24: Calculate the most similar m The third typhoon point among the two historical typhoons H 3The third live point with the current typhoon C 3. The similarity of meteorological elements between the two points is used to select the points with the same meteorological elements as the actual points. C 3 most similar m 3 historical typhoon points H3, the most similar m The three historical typhoon points H3 correspond to the most similar m 3 historical typhoons, and .

3. The dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step A25 includes: A251: Two-dimensional pressure field based on grid points in meteorological element field , calculate the Laplace operator of the two-dimensional pressure field ; ； in, x Air pressure P East-West direction, Indicates air pressure P The rate of change in the east-west direction, Indicates air pressure P The rate of change in the north-south direction, y Air pressure P The north-south direction, are the longitude and latitude distances between the two-dimensional pressure field grid points; A252: Laplace operator based on two-dimensional pressure field Calculate the pressure field weight for each grid point ; ； A253: Using the pressure field weight at each grid point , and taking into account the contribution of different regions in the pressure field, the pressure field similarity between the typhoon point and the actual point is calculated by the weighted structural similarity index method. ; ； in, The pressure fields of the current typhoons are and the pressure field of historical typhoons At the grid point The brightness similarity of The pressure fields of the current typhoons are and the pressure field of historical typhoons At the grid point The similarity of institutions, The pressure field and pressure field The covariance between N is the number of grid points in the meteorological element field, Both are correction constants for pressure field similarity.

4. The dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step A26 includes: A261: according to the distance from each grid point in the meteorological element field to the typhoon center point , calculate the wind field weight of each grid point ; ； A262: Based on the wind field weight of each grid point Calculate the wind field similarity between the typhoon point and the actual point, which includes horizontal wind speed similarity and vertical wind speed similarity; Horizontal wind speed similarity The calculation method is: ； in, are the horizontal wind speeds of the current typhoon and horizontal wind speeds of historical typhoons At the grid point The brightness similarity of are the horizontal wind speeds of the current typhoon and horizontal wind speeds of historical typhoons At the grid point The similarity of institutions, is the horizontal wind speed and horizontal wind speed The covariance between are all correction constants for horizontal wind speed similarity; Similarly, calculate the vertical wind speed similarity ; ； in, are the vertical wind speeds of the current typhoon and vertical wind speeds of historical typhoons At the grid point The brightness similarity of are the vertical wind speeds of the current typhoon and vertical wind speeds of historical typhoons At the grid point The similarity of institutions, is the vertical wind speed and vertical wind speed The covariance between are correction constants for vertical wind speed similarity; A263: Based on vertical wind speed similarity Similarity to horizontal wind speed Calculating wind field similarity ; 。 5. The dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Similarity of meteorological element fields between the actual point and the typhoon point The calculation method is: ； in, are the weight coefficients of pressure field similarity and wind field similarity, respectively.

6. The dynamic typhoon similarity matching method based on meteorological structure similarity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 comprises: S31: Based on the most similar m 3 historical typhoons, calculated using the dynamic time warping algorithm m The cumulative distance between the paths of three historical typhoons and the current typhoon path is filtered out. m The minimum cumulative distance between the three historical typhoons and the current typhoon path; The calculation method for the minimum cumulative distance between historical typhoons and the current typhoon path is: The path of the current typhoon is defined as 、The paths of historical typhoons are , n is the number of path points of the current typhoon, m is the number of historical typhoon path points, The current typhoon n Waypoints, It is the first typhoon in history m waypoints; Calculate the minimum cumulative distance between historical typhoons and the current typhoon path ; ； in, e is the number of the current typhoon path point, f is the number of the historical typhoon path point, The current typhoon e Waypoints, It is the first typhoon in history f Waypoints, is the alignment path between the current typhoon’s path points and the path points of historical typhoons, Indicates the current typhoon's e The path points and the historical typhoon f The alignment relationship is formed between the path points. is the distance between the alignment paths; S32: The historical typhoon corresponding to the minimum cumulative distance is the historical typhoon most similar to the current typhoon, and the historical typhoon is successfully matched with the current typhoon.

Images