Bridge opening navigation early warning method

Abstract

The invention discloses a bridge opening navigation early warning method, which comprises the following steps: before a ship enters a bridge opening, scanning and detecting the boundary dimension of the part, floating above the water surface, of the ship, comparing and judging the boundary dimension with the boundary dimension of the part, located above the water surface, of the bridge opening, and if the ship cannot pass, carrying out early warning prompt on the ship. And meanwhile, before the ship enters the bridge opening, scanning and detecting the boundary dimension of the part of the ship sinking below the water surface, comparing and judging the boundary dimension with the boundary dimension of the part of the bridge opening below the water surface, and if not, warning and prompting the ship. According to the invention, ship navigation early warning can be carried out by fully considering the shape below the water surface of the ship and riverbed fluctuation conditions, and the early warning accuracy and navigation safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of navigation safety, and in particular to a bridge tunnel navigation early warning method. Background Art

[0002] Bridges are important transportation facilities. Once a collision occurs, it will not only cause huge property losses but also cause great casualties. In order to reduce the occurrence of ship-bridge collision accidents and avoid casualties, it is necessary to design a bridge tunnel navigation warning system to monitor the ship situation in real time and give early warning of whether it can pass through the bridge tunnel smoothly, so as to ensure the safety of bridge structure and ship navigation, and improve the navigation efficiency of the waterway.

[0003] CN112908037A has disclosed a ship navigation warning monitoring system in the bridge area of ​​a cross-sea bridge, which relates to the field of ship warning technology. The system includes: a laser ranging radar, a level meter, a communication base station and a main control platform. The laser ranging radar, the level meter and the communication base station are respectively connected to the main control platform for communication. The laser ranging radar is used to measure the first height of each part of the ship in the bridge area where the bridge is located above the water surface. The level meter is used to measure the clearance height from the top of the bridge hole to the water surface. The communication base station receives ship data through a wireless communication module, and the main control platform is used to calculate the second height based on the first height and the clearance height. When the second height is less than or equal to the height threshold, the warning information corresponding to the ship is generated and output based on the ship data. This application calculates the second height and generates warning information based on the second height and the height threshold to avoid any part of the ship from hitting the bridge, thereby improving the safety of the ship navigation warning monitoring system in the bridge area of ​​the cross-sea bridge.

[0004] However, the above patent method only considers the monitoring and comparison of the part of the ship above the water surface and the part above the water surface of the bridge hole for safety judgment, and ignores the part of the ship below the water surface and the part below the water surface of the bridge hole. Therefore, if it is used for ship navigation warning of bridges in rivers, due to the limited depth of the river, there are still great safety hazards. For ordinary ships, the part above the water surface is generally where the maximum width of the hull is located, but for some overloaded ships or ships with special structural designs such as semi-submersible ships, there will be a situation where the widest part of the ship is below the water surface. In this case, since the lower part of the ship is sunk below the water surface, it is not as easy to obtain the external dimension data by taking pictures and calculating as the upper part. There will be great safety hazards when using existing warning methods.

[0005] Therefore, how to fully consider the monitoring of the situation below the water surface and better improve the safety of ship navigation has become a problem to be considered. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a bridge tunnel navigation warning method that can fully consider the situation below the water surface and improve the accuracy of warning and navigation safety.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for early warning of navigation through a bridge tunnel is provided. Before a ship enters a bridge tunnel, the external dimensions of the part floating on the water surface are scanned and detected, and the external dimensions of the part of the bridge tunnel located above the water surface are compared and judged. If the ship cannot pass through, an early warning is given to the ship. The method is characterized in that, before the ship enters the bridge tunnel, the external dimensions of the part submerged below the water surface are scanned and detected, and the external dimensions of the part of the bridge tunnel located below the water surface are compared and judged. If the ship cannot pass through, an early warning is given to the ship.

[0008] In this way, this method not only fully considers the detection of the ship's shape above the water surface, but also detects the ship's shape below the water surface for comparison and judgment to provide early warning prompts. Therefore, compared with the existing bridge tunnel navigation early warning method, it better improves the early warning accuracy and navigation safety.

[0009] Furthermore, the method is implemented by using a bridge tunnel navigation warning system, which includes a warning device and a control center installed on the bridge or river bank, and a detection device, which is connected to the control center, and the control center is connected to the warning device; the detection device includes a ship detection device, which includes a crossbeam located above the river channel in front of the bridge, the crossbeam is equal to or higher than the top position of the bridge tunnel and is arranged overhead along the width of the river channel, and a row of ultrasonic ranging sensors for ship detection are arranged in parallel on the lower surface of the crossbeam along its own length direction. The ship detection device also includes a row of laser light groups arranged vertically in parallel on one side of the crossbeam, the upper end of the laser light group is connected to the crossbeam and the lower end is connected to the bottom of the riverbed, the laser emission direction of the laser light group is horizontally pointed to the other side of the river channel along the width of the river channel, and a row of optical fibers are also vertically arranged in parallel on the other side of the river channel, the incident end of each optical fiber and each laser light in the laser light group are arranged one by one and are used to receive laser injection, and the emitting ends of the optical fibers are connected to a position directly in front of a distance display screen in an equidistant row according to their own order.

[0010] In this way, before a ship enters the bridge tunnel, it passes through the ship detection device, and the row of ultrasonic distance measuring sensors for ship detection on the crossbeam work and emit ultrasonic waves downward. When the ultrasonic waves touch the surface of the hull and the water surface, the surface of the hull below the water surface (when the widest part of the ship is below the water surface), and the bottom of the riverbed, they will be reflected upward. The ultrasonic sensor receives the reflected signal, and the distance from the reflection position to the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor for ship detection can be calculated according to the time. Since the installation position of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor for ship detection is fixed in advance, the width and height of the widest part of the ship can be calculated by bringing in the spatial coordinates, and the outer dimensions of the parts above the widest part of the ship (including when the widest part of the ship is below the water surface) and the water level can also be obtained. At the same time, the laser light group emits lasers to form a partial shield when the ship passes by. The laser is guided by the optical fiber and irradiated on the display screen. The height of the ship can be obtained according to the distance size and position of the dark shadow displayed on the display screen. Combined with the water level obtained by the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor for ship detection, the draft of the ship can be obtained, that is, the height size of the ship above the water surface and the height size of the part below the water surface. In this way, combined with the previously obtained shape and size from the bottom of the bridge hole to the bottom of the riverbed, it can be judged whether the ship can pass safely. If it is judged that it is difficult to pass safely, the warning device can alarm to ensure navigation safety.

[0011] Furthermore, the riverbed bottom where the ship detection device is located is clean and tidy, so that it is convenient to realize the detection.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper end of the laser light assembly is connected to the crossbeam and the lower end thereof extends downwardly beyond the bottom of the riverbed by a certain distance.

[0013] In this way, when the riverbed height changes, it will not affect the detection effect.

[0014] Furthermore, a proximity switch for detecting the passage of a ship is installed on the crossbeam, and the proximity switch is connected to the control circuit of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor for ship detection and the laser light group. In this way, when a ship passes by, the device is restarted to save energy.

[0015] Furthermore, a light sensor is provided on the display screen and connected to the control center. In this way, the control center can directly obtain the height and position information of the laser light group shielded by the ship through the light sensor, convert it to obtain the ship's height and draft depth information, and obtain the ship's height above the water surface and height below the water surface.

[0016] Furthermore, a control house is provided on the bridge or the river bank, and the control center and the distance display screen are both located in the control house, so as to provide protection for the control center and the distance display screen and ensure detection reliability.

[0017] Furthermore, the warning device is a loudspeaker or a warning light installed on the bridge, so as to facilitate the realization of warning alarm.

[0018] Furthermore, corresponding ship detection devices are provided on both the upstream and downstream sides of the bridge, so as to facilitate detection and alarm of ships in both directions.

[0019] Furthermore, the detection device also includes a bridge hole detection device, which includes a row of ultrasonic ranging sensors for bridge hole detection arranged at the top above the bridge hole along the width direction of the river channel, and the ultrasonic ranging sensors for ship detection are connected to the control center.

[0020] In this way, the bridge hole detection device can use ultrasonic ranging sensors to detect the depth of the riverbed below the bridge hole in real time, obtain the cross-sectional shape of the riverbed, and combine it with the previously measured bridge hole shape to obtain the shape and water level of the entire passable area at the bridge hole (mainly the shape of the passable area below the water surface, and the bridge hole shape above the water level can be obtained by actually measuring it in advance and combining it with the water level height). Then, it can be compared with the detected ship shape to more accurately judge the passability of the ship and feedback to realize alarm.

[0021] Furthermore, the control center is provided with a control module, which fits the projection shape of the part of the ship above the water surface along the travel direction according to the minimum feedback distance and water level detected by the ultrasonic ranging sensor for each ship detection (so that when the widest part of the ship is located above the water body, the projection shape of the ship below the widest part and above the water surface is fitted as a rectangle of the width of the widest part, and when the widest part of the ship is located below the water body, the fitted projection shape of the part of the ship above the water surface along the travel direction is the actual projection shape), aligns the projection shape with the shape of the passable area above the water level at the bridge hole along the center line, and compares the passability. If it cannot pass, the warning device is controlled to alarm; at the same time, the control module takes the width of the ship detected by the ultrasonic ranging sensor for each ship detection (including the two possible situations of being above and below the water surface) as the width, and the draft of the ship detected by the distance display screen as the height, and the fitted rectangle is used as the detection shape of the part of the ship below the water surface, and compares the passability after aligning the detection shape with the shape of the passable area below the water level at the bridge hole along the center line. If it cannot pass, the warning device is controlled to alarm.

[0022] In this way, this method simultaneously detects and fits the shapes of the two parts of the ship above and below the water level, and compares their passability with the shapes above and below the water level at the bridge tunnel. If either end does not meet the passability, an alarm will be controlled. Therefore, the accuracy and safety of ship warnings are greatly improved. In particular, for the situation where the widest part of some ships is below the water surface, and the situation where the riverbed shape fluctuates greatly due to the high sediment content in the riverbed, the navigation safety is better guaranteed.

[0023] In summary, the present invention can fully consider the shape of the ship under the water surface and the fluctuation of the riverbed to carry out ship navigation warning, thereby improving the accuracy of warning and navigation safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the bridge tunnel navigation warning system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single ship detection device in the front view direction.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a single bridge from the front view.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the passability comparison in the control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.

[0029] Embodiment: A method for early warning of navigation in a bridge tunnel, which scans and detects the external dimensions of the part of the ship floating above the water surface and the shape and dimensions of the part of the bridge tunnel located above the water surface before the ship enters the bridge tunnel, and compares and judges the shape and dimensions of the part of the bridge tunnel located above the water surface. If the ship cannot pass through, an early warning is given to the ship. The method is characterized in that, before the ship enters the bridge tunnel, the external dimensions of the part of the ship submerged below the water surface and the shape and dimensions of the part of the bridge tunnel located below the water surface are scanned and compared to judge the shape and dimensions of the part of the bridge tunnel located below the water surface. If the ship cannot pass through, an early warning is given to the ship.

[0030] In this way, this method not only fully considers the detection of the ship's shape above the water surface, but also detects the ship's shape below the water surface for comparison and judgment to provide early warning prompts. Therefore, compared with the existing bridge tunnel navigation early warning method, it better improves the early warning accuracy and navigation safety.

[0031] Specifically, the method is implemented by using a bridge tunnel navigation warning system, the bridge tunnel navigation warning system, see Figure 1-3As shown, it includes a warning device 2 and a control center 1 installed on a bridge 3 (or a river bank), and also includes a detection device, the detection device is connected to the control center 1, and the control center 1 is connected to the warning device 2; the detection device includes a ship detection device, and the ship detection device includes a crossbeam 4 located above the river channel 7 in front of the bridge 3, the crossbeam 4 is equal to or higher than the top position of the bridge hole and is overhead along the width direction of the river channel, and a row of ultrasonic distance measuring sensors 5 for ship detection are arranged in parallel on the lower surface of the crossbeam 4 along its own length direction. 5 is connected to the control center 1, the ship detection device also includes a row of laser light groups 6 arranged vertically in parallel on one side of the crossbeam 4, the upper end of the laser light group 6 is connected to the crossbeam and the lower end is connected to the bottom of the riverbed, the laser emission direction of the laser light group 6 is horizontally pointed to the other side of the river channel 7 along the width direction of the river channel 7, and a row of optical fibers 8 are also vertically arranged in parallel on the other side of the river channel 7, the incident end of each optical fiber 8 and each laser light in the laser light group 6 are arranged one by one and are used to receive laser injection, and the emission ends of the optical fibers 8 are connected to a position facing the front of a display screen 9 in a row at equal distances according to their own order.

[0032] In this way, before a ship enters the bridge tunnel, it passes through the ship detection device, and the row of ultrasonic distance measuring sensors for ship detection on the crossbeam work and emit ultrasonic waves downward. When the ultrasonic waves touch the surface of the hull and the water surface, the surface of the hull below the water surface (when the widest part of the ship is below the water surface), and the bottom of the riverbed, they will be reflected upward. The ultrasonic sensor receives the reflected signal, and the distance from the reflection position to the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor for ship detection can be calculated according to the time. Since the installation position of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor for ship detection is fixed in advance, the width and height of the widest part of the ship can be calculated by bringing in the spatial coordinates, and the outer dimensions of the parts above the widest part of the ship (including when the widest part of the ship is below the water surface) and the water level can also be obtained. At the same time, the laser light group emits lasers to form a partial shield when the ship passes by. The laser is guided by the optical fiber and irradiated on the display screen. The height of the ship can be obtained according to the distance size and position of the dark shadow displayed on the display screen. Combined with the water level obtained by the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor for ship detection, the draft of the ship can be obtained, that is, the height size of the ship above the water surface and the height size of the part below the water surface. In this way, combined with the previously obtained shape and size from the bottom of the bridge hole to the bottom of the riverbed, it can be judged whether the ship can pass safely. If it is judged that it is difficult to pass safely, the warning device can alarm to ensure navigation safety.

[0033] The bottom of the riverbed where the ship detection device is located is clean and neat, which makes it convenient to detect.

[0034] The upper end of the laser light set 6 is connected to the crossbeam 4 and the lower end thereof extends downwardly beyond the bottom of the riverbed for a certain distance.

[0035] In this way, when the riverbed height changes, it will not affect the detection effect.

[0036] Among them, a proximity switch for detecting the passage of a ship is also installed on the crossbeam 4, and the proximity switch is connected to the control circuit of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor for ship detection and the laser light group. In this way, when a ship passes, the device is started to work to save energy consumption.

[0037] Among them, a light sensor is arranged on the display screen 9 and is connected to the control center 1. In this way, the control center can directly obtain light information through the light sensor, and then obtain the height and position information of the laser light group shielded by the ship, and then convert it to obtain the ship height and draft depth information, and obtain the ship's height above the water surface and the height below the water surface.

[0038] A control house 10 is also provided on the bridge or on the river bank, and the control center 1 and the distance display screen 9 are both located in the control house 10. This facilitates the protection of the control center and the distance display screen and ensures the reliability of detection.

[0039] The warning device 2 is a loudspeaker or a warning light installed on the bridge, which is convenient for realizing warning alarm.

[0040] The upstream and downstream sides of the bridge 3 are both provided with corresponding ship detection devices, so as to facilitate detection and alarm of ships in both directions.

[0041] The detection device further comprises a bridge hole detection device, which comprises a row of ultrasonic ranging sensors 11 for bridge hole detection arranged at the top above the bridge hole along the width direction of the river channel, and the ultrasonic ranging sensors for ship detection are connected to the control center.

[0042] In this way, the bridge hole detection device can use ultrasonic ranging sensors to detect the depth of the riverbed below the bridge hole in real time, obtain the cross-sectional shape of the riverbed, and combine it with the previously measured bridge hole shape to obtain the shape and water level of the entire passable area at the bridge hole (mainly the shape of the passable area below the water surface, and the bridge hole shape above the water level can be obtained by actually measuring it in advance and combining it with the water level height). Then, it can be compared with the detected ship shape to more accurately judge the passability of the ship and feedback to realize alarm.

[0043] The control center 1 is provided with a control module, which fits the projection shape of the part of the ship above the water surface along the travel direction according to the minimum feedback distance and water level detected by the ultrasonic ranging sensor for each ship detection (so that when the widest part of the ship is located above the water body, the projection shape of the ship below the widest part and above the water surface is fitted as a rectangle of the width of the widest part, and when the widest part of the ship is located below the water body, the fitted projection shape of the part of the ship above the water surface along the travel direction is the actual projection shape), and compares the passability after aligning the projection shape and the shape of the passable area above the water level at the bridge hole along the center line. If the passability fails, the warning device is controlled to alarm. At the same time, the control module takes the width of the ship detected by the ultrasonic ranging sensor for each ship detection (including the two possible situations of being above and below the water surface) as the width, and the draft of the ship detected by the distance display screen as the height, and the fitted rectangle is used as the detection shape of the part of the ship below the water surface, and compares the passability after aligning the detection shape and the shape of the passable area below the water level at the bridge hole along the center line. If the passability fails, the warning device is controlled to alarm.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the passability comparison in the control module, as shown in Figure 1 The ship with the cross-sectional shape shown is Figure 4 In the figure, reference numeral 12 indicates the shape of the bridge hole, the shapes of the two sides and the upper end of the bridge hole are obtained by field measurement in advance, and the shape of the riverbed at the bottom is obtained by detection by the ultrasonic ranging sensor 11 for bridge hole detection. Reference numeral 13 indicates the projection shape of the part of the ship above the water surface along the travel direction. At this time, because the widest part of the ship is located below the water surface, the projection shape of the part of the ship above the water surface along the travel direction is its actual shape. If the widest part of the ship is located above the water surface, the projection shape above the widest part of the ship is the actual shape, and the projection shape of the distance from the widest part of the ship to the water surface is a rectangle with the width of the widest part as the width. Figure 4 In the figure, reference numeral 14 represents the detection shape of the part of the ship below the water surface, that is, a rectangle with the width of the widest part of the ship as the width and the draft of the ship as the height. Figure 4 In this way, the projection shape 13 of the part of the ship above the water surface along the travel direction and the detection shape 14 of the part of the ship below the water surface can be compared with the bridge hole shape 12 respectively. The passability of the ship can be judged and the warning effect can be better improved.

[0045] In this way, this method simultaneously detects and fits the shapes of the two parts of the ship above and below the water level, and compares their passability with the shapes above and below the water level at the bridge tunnel. If either end does not meet the passability, an alarm will be controlled. Therefore, the accuracy and safety of ship warnings are greatly improved. In particular, for the situation where the widest part of some ships is below the water surface, and the situation where the riverbed shape fluctuates greatly due to the high sediment content in the riverbed, the navigation safety is better guaranteed.

Claims

1. A bridge tunnel navigation warning method, which scans and detects the outer dimensions of the part of the ship floating above the water surface before entering the bridge tunnel, and compares and judges the shape and dimensions of the part of the bridge tunnel located above the water surface. If the ship cannot pass through, an early warning prompt is given to the ship, characterized in that: At the same time, before the ship enters the bridge tunnel, the outer dimensions of the part submerged below the water surface are scanned and compared with the shape and dimensions of the part of the bridge tunnel below the water surface. If the ship cannot pass through, an early warning will be issued.

2. The bridge tunnel navigation warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using a bridge tunnel navigation warning system, which includes a warning device and a control center installed on a bridge or a river bank, and a detection device, which is connected to the control center, and the control center is connected to the warning device; the detection device includes a ship detection device, which includes a crossbeam located above the river channel in front of the bridge, the crossbeam is equal to or higher than the top position of the bridge tunnel and is overhead along the width direction of the river channel, and a row of ultrasonic ranging sensors for downward ship detection are arranged in parallel on the lower surface of the crossbeam along its own length direction, The ultrasonic ranging sensor for ship detection is connected to the control center. The ship detection device also includes a row of laser light groups arranged vertically in parallel on one side of the beam. The upper end of the laser light group is connected to the beam and the lower end is connected to the bottom of the riverbed. The laser emission direction of the laser light group is horizontally pointed to the other side of the river along the width of the river. A row of optical fibers are also vertically arranged in parallel on the other side of the river. The incident end of each optical fiber and each laser light in the laser light group are arranged one by one and are used to receive laser input. The emitting ends of the optical fibers are connected to a position directly in front of a distance display screen in an equidistant row according to their own order.

3. The bridge tunnel navigation warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The riverbed where the ship detection device is located is clean and tidy.

4. The bridge tunnel navigation warning method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the laser light group is connected to the cross beam and the lower end thereof extends downwardly beyond the bottom of the riverbed for a certain distance.

5. The bridge tunnel navigation warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: A proximity switch for detecting the passage of a ship is also installed on the crossbeam, and the proximity switch is connected to the control circuit of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor for ship detection and the laser light group.

6. The bridge tunnel navigation warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: A light sensor is arranged on the display screen and is connected with the control center.

7. The bridge tunnel navigation warning method according to claim 6, characterized in that: A control house is also arranged on the bridge or the river bank, and the control center and the distance display screen are both located in the control house.

8. The bridge tunnel navigation warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The warning device is a loudspeaker or warning light installed on the bridge; Corresponding ship detection devices are installed on both the upstream and downstream sides of the bridge.

9. The bridge tunnel navigation warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection device also includes a bridge hole detection device, which includes a row of ultrasonic ranging sensors for bridge hole detection arranged on the top above the bridge hole along the width direction of the river channel, and the ultrasonic ranging sensors for ship detection are connected to the control center.

10. The bridge tunnel navigation warning method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control center is provided with a control module, which fits the projection shape of the part of the ship above the water surface along the driving direction according to the minimum feedback distance and water level detected by the ultrasonic ranging sensor for each ship detection, and compares the passability after aligning the projection shape and the shape of the passable area above the water level at the bridge hole along the center line. If the passability fails, the warning device is controlled to alarm; at the same time, the control module uses the ship width detected by the ultrasonic ranging sensor for each ship detection as the width and the ship draft detected by the distance display screen as the height, and fits the obtained rectangle as the detection shape of the part of the ship below the water surface, and compares the passability after aligning the detection shape and the shape of the passable area under the water level at the bridge hole along the center line. If the passability fails, the warning device is controlled to alarm.

Images