A LTCC-based filter power division circularly polarized antenna module

Abstract

The present application discloses a LTCC-based filtering power-splitting circularly polarized antenna module; comprising a ceramic dielectric module, a filter, a power divider, a phase shifter, a patch antenna, and a quasi-coaxial transmission structure; the ceramic dielectric module is arranged around the filter, the power divider, the phase shifter, the patch antenna, and the quasi-coaxial transmission structure; the filter is connected to the power divider, the power divider is connected to the phase shifter, and the phase shifter is connected to the patch antenna; the present application superimposes multiple layers of circuits within the ceramic dielectric module and implements a complex three-dimensional circuit design, integrating passive components such as a power divider and a filter, etc., meeting the requirements of high frequency, large bandwidth, and low power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a LTCC-based filtering power-dividing circularly polarized antenna module. Background Art

[0002] LTCC (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic) technology is a process for manufacturing high-frequency electronic circuits and devices, widely used in the manufacture of radio frequency and microwave circuits, as well as other electronic components. By sintering a ceramic substrate and the conductive material embedded within it at low temperatures (typically below 850°C), LTCC technology enables three-dimensional circuit integration. This technology is particularly well-suited for high-density, compact electronic devices, meeting the requirements of miniaturization, low loss, and high performance.

[0003] The development of 6G and satellite internet technologies is placing higher demands on the miniaturization of RF components, with communication frequencies gradually shifting towards the higher frequencies of the Ka, Q, and U bands. The shorter wavelengths in these bands result in smaller components and more compact designs for components like antennas. Therefore, RF component design must achieve miniaturization and high performance through high integration to meet the high-frequency transmission requirements of 6G and satellite communications. Furthermore, these technologies will be increasingly used in portable devices such as smartphones, which place a high demand on compact and lightweight transceiver components. However, existing antenna modules struggle to achieve both miniaturization and lightweight while also meeting the requirements of high frequency, wide bandwidth, and low power consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main technical problem solved by this application is to provide a LTCC-based filtering power-dividing circularly polarized antenna module, which solves the problem that existing antenna modules are difficult to meet the requirements of high frequency, large bandwidth and low power consumption while meeting the requirements of miniaturization and lightweight.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in the present application is to provide a LTCC-based filtering power-splitting circularly polarized antenna module, including a ceramic dielectric module, a filter, a power divider, a phase shifter, a patch antenna and a quasi-coaxial transmission structure; the ceramic dielectric module is arranged around the filter, the power divider, the phase shifter, the patch antenna and the quasi-coaxial transmission structure; the filter is connected to the power divider, the power divider is connected to the phase shifter, and the phase shifter is connected to the patch antenna; the filter is arranged at the lower part and the middle part of the ceramic dielectric module, The filter includes multiple cascaded resonant cavities for filtering signals; the power divider and phase shifter are arranged on the upper part of the ceramic dielectric module, the power divider is used to distribute the power of the output signal of the filter, and the phase shifter is used to shift the phase of the output signal of the power divider; the patch antenna is arranged on the upper surface of the ceramic dielectric module, and the patch antenna is fed with dual ports through the output signal of the phase shifter to radiate circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the quasi-coaxial transmission structure is arranged in the ceramic dielectric module and connects the filter and the power divider.

[0006] In some embodiments, the antenna module further includes a stripline feeding port, which is disposed on a side of the ceramic dielectric module and is connected to the filter through the quasi-coaxial transmission structure.

[0007] In some embodiments, the filter includes a first disc patch, a first stripline, a second disc patch, a second stripline, and a plurality of metal ground plates. The plurality of metal ground plates are stacked and arranged, from top to bottom, in the order of the first metal ground plate, the second metal ground plate, the third metal ground plate, the fourth metal ground plate, the fifth metal ground plate, and the sixth metal ground plate. The first disc patch is connected to the first stripline. The first disc patch and the first stripline are arranged between the second metal ground plate and the third metal ground plate. The first end of the first stripline is adjacent to the stripline feeding port and is located at the edge of the ceramic dielectric module. The second end of the first stripline is located on the other side of the ceramic dielectric module and adjacent to the middle of the ceramic dielectric module. The first disc patch is located on the upper side of the second end of the first stripline. A circular patch is connected to the second end of the first stripline through a first connecting through-hole on the ceramic dielectric module. The first stripline serves as the input end of the filter. A second circular patch is connected to the second stripline. The second circular patch and the second stripline are arranged between the fifth metal ground plate and the sixth metal ground plate. The first end of the second stripline is on the same side as the first end of the first stripline and is adjacent to the middle of the ceramic dielectric module. The second end of the second stripline is on the same side as the second end of the first stripline and is adjacent to the edge of the ceramic dielectric module. The second circular patch is located above the second end of the second stripline. The second circular patch is connected to the second end of the second stripline through a second connecting through-hole on the ceramic dielectric module. The second stripline serves as the output end of the filter.

[0008] In some embodiments, a plurality of metal through-holes are provided on the ceramic dielectric module between the second to sixth metal ground plates and between adjacent metal ground plates, and the plurality of metal through-holes constitute the resonant cavity; the plurality of metal through-holes between the second metal ground plate and the third metal ground plate constitute the first resonant cavity, the first disc patch and the first stripline are located in the area enclosed by the first resonant cavity, the plurality of metal through-holes between the third metal ground plate and the fourth metal ground plate constitute the second resonant cavity, the plurality of metal through-holes between the fourth metal ground plate and the fifth metal ground plate constitute the third resonant cavity, and the plurality of metal through-holes between the fifth metal ground plate and the sixth metal ground plate constitute the third resonant cavity. The metal through hole forms a fourth resonant cavity, the second disk patch and the second stripline are located in an area enclosed by the fourth resonant cavity; a first metal window is provided on the third metal ground plate, a second metal window is provided on the fourth metal ground plate, and a third metal window is provided on the fifth metal ground plate; the first metal window and the third metal window extend in the same direction as the first stripline, and the second metal window extends in a direction perpendicular to the first stripline; the first resonant cavity is coupled to the second resonant cavity through the first metal window, the second resonant cavity is coupled to the third resonant cavity through the second metal window, and the third resonant cavity is coupled to the fourth resonant cavity through the third metal window.

[0009] In some embodiments, the metal ground plate also includes a seventh metal ground plate, which is arranged on the upper side of the sixth metal ground plate. The quasi-coaxial transmission structure includes a quasi-coaxial inner conductor and a quasi-coaxial outer wall. The quasi-coaxial inner conductor and the quasi-coaxial outer wall through-holes between the first metal ground plate and the second metal ground plate connect the stripline feeding port and the filter. The quasi-coaxial inner conductor and the quasi-coaxial outer wall through-holes arranged between the sixth metal ground plate and the seventh metal ground plate connect the filter and the power divider.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power divider includes an input branch, an impedance converter and an isolation resistor, wherein the input branch, impedance converter and isolation resistor are arranged between the sixth metal ground plate and the seventh metal ground plate, one end of the input branch is connected to the second strip line through the quasi-coaxial transmission structure, and the other end is connected to the impedance converter; the impedance converter includes a first impedance converter and a second impedance converter, wherein the first impedance converter and the second impedance converter are connected to the input branch, and the other end is connected to the phase shifter; the isolation resistor is arranged between the ends of the first impedance converter and the second impedance converter, and is adjacent to the phase shifter.

[0011] In some embodiments, a first metallized feed via and a second metallized feed via are provided on an upper portion of the ceramic dielectric module. The phase shifter includes a third stripline and a fourth stripline, and the third stripline and the fourth stripline are provided between the sixth metal ground plate and the seventh metal ground plate. One end of the third stripline is connected to the first impedance transformer, and the other end is connected to the first metallized feed via. One end of the fourth stripline is connected to the second impedance transformer, and the other end is connected to the second metallized feed via. The first metallized feed via and the second metallized feed via are connected to the patch antenna.

[0012] In some embodiments, the patch antenna is square, and the two signals output by the phase shifter with a phase difference of 90 degrees are fed to the patch antenna through the first metallized feeding via and the second metallized feeding via.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ceramic dielectric module includes multiple dielectric substrates, which are stacked; there are 28 dielectric substrates, which are the first substrate to the twenty-eighth substrate from top to bottom; the filter is arranged on the third substrate to the twenty-first substrate, the power divider and the phase shifter are arranged on the twenty-second substrate to the twenty-third substrate, and the patch antenna is arranged on the upper surface of the twenty-eighth substrate; the first metal ground plate is arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the second metal ground plate is arranged between the fifth substrate and the sixth substrate, the third metal ground plate is arranged between the ninth substrate and the tenth substrate, the fourth metal ground plate is arranged between the thirteenth substrate and the fourteenth substrate, the fifth metal ground plate is arranged between the seventeenth substrate and the eighteenth substrate, and the sixth metal ground plate is arranged between the twenty-first substrate and the twenty-second substrate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first substrate to the twenty-eighth substrate are all made of Ferro-A6M material with a relative dielectric constant of 5.9 and a loss tangent value of 0.001. The thickness of each layer of the dielectric substrate is 0.096 mm and is manufactured using a low-temperature co-fired ceramic process. The radius R2 of the quasi-coaxial inner conductor is 0.024 mm and the height is 0.384 mm. The radius R2 of the quasi-coaxial outer wall through hole is 0.024 mm and the height is 0.192 mm. The distance S2 between adjacent quasi-coaxial outer wall through holes is 0. .21mm; the distance between the quasi-coaxial inner conductor and the quasi-coaxial outer wall is 0.2mm; the thickness of the metal ground plate is 0.01mm; the radius R1 of the metal through-hole is 0.075mm, the height is 0.384mm, and the distance between adjacent metal through-holes is 0.3mm; the size of the isolation resistor is 0.1mm×0.18mm, the resistance is 100 ohms, and the radius of the first metallized feed through-hole and the second metallized feed through-hole is 0.06mm; the size of the patch antenna is 1.8 mm×1.8mm, the horizontal axis feeding position is 0.3mm from the center of the patch antenna, and the vertical axis feeding position is 0.45mm from the center of the patch antenna.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: The present application discloses a LTCC-based filtering power-splitting circularly polarized antenna module, which superimposes multiple layers of circuits in a ceramic dielectric module and implements a complex three-dimensional circuit design. It integrates passive components such as power dividers and filters, etc., and meets the requirements of high frequency, large bandwidth and low power consumption. And thanks to the high temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance of the ceramic dielectric module, it has good mechanical strength and is suitable for use in harsh environments. Compared with traditional circuit design, LTCC technology has significant miniaturization advantages, and can achieve high-density packaging and smaller circuit size. And through stripline feeding, it is easy to combine with other LTCC RF devices, and has good application potential in the satellite Internet communication wave band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural diagram according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 is a front structural diagram of the internal structure of a ceramic dielectric module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure within a ceramic dielectric module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5is a schematic top view of the structure of the first metal ground plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic top view of the structure of the second metal ground plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 7 is a schematic top view of the structure of the third metal ground plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 8 is a schematic top view of the structure of the fourth metal ground plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 9 is a schematic top view of the structure of the fifth metal ground plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 10 is a schematic top view of the structure of the sixth metal ground plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 11 1 is a diagram of return loss and gain simulation results according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 12 1 is a diagram of voltage standing wave ratio simulation results according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 13 is a diagram of an axial ratio simulation result according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 14 is a simulation result of the E-plane pattern according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 15 This is a simulation result of the H-plane pattern according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “set on” another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as being “connected to” another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0033] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0035] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by this application.

[0036] Figure 1 - Figure 10 The present invention shows an embodiment of a LTCC-based filtering, power-splitting, circularly polarized antenna module, comprising a ceramic dielectric module 1, a filter 2, a power divider 3, a phase shifter 4, a patch antenna 5, and a quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6. The ceramic dielectric module 1 surrounds the filter 2, power divider 3, phase shifter 4, patch antenna 5, and quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6. The filter 2 is disposed at the bottom and center of the ceramic dielectric module 1 and includes multiple cascaded resonant cavities for signal filtering. The power divider 3 and phase shifter 4 are disposed at the top of the ceramic dielectric module 1. The power divider 3 is used to distribute power for the output signal of the filter 2. The phase shifter 4 is used to phase shift the output signal of the power divider 3. The patch antenna 5 is disposed on the top surface of the ceramic dielectric module 1. The patch antenna 5 is fed by a dual-port output signal from the phase shifter 4, radiating circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. The quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6 is disposed within the ceramic dielectric module 1 and connects the filter 2 and power divider 3.

[0037] The present application discloses a LTCC-based filtering power-splitting circularly polarized antenna module, which superimposes multiple layers of circuits on a substrate and implements a complex three-dimensional circuit design, integrating passive components such as a power divider 3 and a filter 2. It meets the requirements of high frequency, large bandwidth, and low power consumption. Thanks to the high temperature and thermal shock resistance of the ceramic substrate, it has good mechanical strength and is suitable for use in harsh environments. Compared with traditional circuit design, LTCC technology has significant miniaturization advantages, enabling high-density packaging and smaller circuit size. And through stripline feeding, it is easy to combine with other LTCC RF devices, and has good application potential in the satellite Internet communication wave band.

[0038] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the stripline feeding port 11 of the antenna module is arranged on the side of the ceramic dielectric module 1 , and the stripline feeding port 11 is connected to the filter 2 through a quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6 .

[0039] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6 includes a quasi-coaxial inner conductor 61 and a quasi-coaxial outer wall 62. Both the quasi-coaxial inner conductor 61 and the quasi-coaxial outer wall 62 are made of metal. A through-hole in the quasi-coaxial inner conductor 61 and the quasi-coaxial outer wall 62 between the first and second metal ground plates 21 and 22 connects the stripline feed port 11 to the filter 2. A through-hole in the quasi-coaxial inner conductor 61 and the quasi-coaxial outer wall 62 between the sixth and seventh metal ground plates 26 and 27 connects the filter 2 to the power divider 3.

[0040] Quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6 primarily serves as the input and output of filter 2. Its input is connected to a 50-ohm stripline feed port 11, which is located on the side of ceramic dielectric module 1 and connected to other LTCC components. The output of quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6 is connected to input branch 31 of power divider 3.

[0041] The impedance of the quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6 is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the quasi-coaxial inner conductor 61 and the quasi-coaxial outer wall 62. This allows the input and output of the filter 2 to match its connection port. The radius of the through-holes of the quasi-coaxial inner conductor 61 and the quasi-coaxial outer wall 62 is R2, and the distance between adjacent through-holes of the quasi-coaxial outer wall 62 is S2, which can be modified based on actual specifications and processing technology.

[0042] In this embodiment, the radius R2 of the quasi-coaxial inner conductor 61 is 0.024 mm and the height is 0.384 mm. The radius R2 of the through-holes in the quasi-coaxial outer wall 62 is 0.024 mm and the height is 0.192 mm. The distance S2 between adjacent through-holes in the quasi-coaxial outer wall 62 is 0.21 mm. The distance between the quasi-coaxial inner conductor 61 and the quasi-coaxial outer wall 62 is 0.2 mm.

[0043] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 - Figure 9 As shown, the filter 2 includes a first disc patch 201, a first stripline 202, a second disc patch 203, a second stripline 204 and a plurality of metal ground plates. The plurality of metal ground plates are stacked and arranged, from top to bottom, are the first metal ground plate 21, the second metal ground plate 22, the third metal ground plate 23, the fourth metal ground plate 24, the fifth metal ground plate 25 and the sixth metal ground plate 26. The first disc patch 201 is connected to the first stripline 202. The first disc patch 201 and the first stripline 202 are arranged between the second metal ground plate 22 and the third metal ground plate 23. The first end of the first stripline 202 is adjacent to the stripline feeding port 11 and is located at the edge of the ceramic dielectric module 1. The second end of the first stripline 202 is located at the ceramic dielectric module 1. On the other side of block 1, adjacent to the middle of ceramic dielectric module 1, a first circular patch 201 is located above the second end of first stripline 202. First circular patch 201 is connected to the second end of first stripline 202 via a first connecting via 13 on ceramic dielectric module 1. First stripline 202 serves as the input of filter 2. Second circular patch 203 is connected to second stripline 204. Second circular patch 203 and second stripline 204 are arranged between fifth metal ground plate 25 and sixth metal ground plate 26. The first end of second stripline 204 is on the same side as the first end of first stripline 202, adjacent to the middle of ceramic dielectric module 1. The second end of second stripline 204 is on the same side as the second end of first stripline 202, adjacent to an edge of ceramic dielectric module 1. The second disk patch 203 is located above the second end of the second stripline 204 . The second disk patch 203 is connected to the second end of the second stripline 204 through the second connecting hole 14 on the ceramic dielectric module 1 . The second stripline 204 serves as the output end of the filter 2 .

[0044] Between the second to sixth metal ground plates 22 to 26, a plurality of metal through-holes 12 are provided on the ceramic dielectric module 1 between adjacent metal ground plates. The plurality of metal through-holes 12 form a resonant cavity. The metal through-holes 12 are arranged in a square shape and are arranged adjacent to the edges of the metal ground plates.

[0045] Specifically, the multiple metal vias 12 between the second metal ground plate 22 and the third metal ground plate 23 form a first resonant cavity 210. The first circular patch 201 and the first stripline 202 are located in the area enclosed by the first resonant cavity 210. The multiple metal vias 12 between the third metal ground plate 23 and the fourth metal ground plate 24 form a second resonant cavity 220. The multiple metal vias 12 between the fourth metal ground plate 24 and the fifth metal ground plate 25 form a third resonant cavity 230. The multiple metal vias 12 between the fifth metal ground plate 25 and the sixth metal ground plate 26 form a fourth resonant cavity 240. The second circular patch 203 and the second stripline 204 are located in the area enclosed by the fourth resonant cavity 240.

[0046] The third metal ground plate 23 is provided with a first metal window 231, which is located inside the metal through-hole 12. The fourth metal ground plate 24 is provided with a second metal window 241, and the fifth metal ground plate 25 is provided with a third metal window 251. The first metal window 231 and the third metal window 251 extend in the same direction as the first stripline 202, while the second metal window 241 extends perpendicular to the direction of the first stripline 202.

[0047] The first resonant cavity 210 is coupled to the second resonant cavity 220 via a first metal window 231 and stacked. The second resonant cavity 220 is coupled to the third resonant cavity 230 via a second metal window 241 and stacked. The third resonant cavity 230 is coupled to the fourth resonant cavity 240 via a third metal window 251 and stacked. The filter 2 utilizes a substrate-integrated waveguide structure filter 2. The substrate-integrated waveguide filter 2 utilizes a stacked structure comprising the first resonant cavity 210, the second resonant cavity 220, the third resonant cavity 230, and the fourth resonant cavity 240. Magnetic coupling is achieved between the four resonant cavities by opening a first metal window 231, a second metal window 241, and a third metal window 251. The metal windows are located at the strongest point of the magnetic field distribution to achieve magnetic coupling between adjacent resonant cavities. The bandwidth and return loss of the filter 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the width and length of the metal windows.

[0048] In some embodiments, the thickness of the metal ground plate is 0.01 mm. Figure 6 As shown, the radius of the metal through hole 12 is R1, and the distance between adjacent metal through holes 12 is S1. The sizes of R1 and S1 can be adjusted according to the processing technology and design indicators. In an example of this embodiment, the radius R1 of the metal through hole 12 is 0.075mm and the height is 0.384mm. Figure 9 As shown, the distance S1 between adjacent metal vias 12 is 0.3 mm. Adjusting the lengths L1 and L2 of the first stripline 202 and the second stripline 204 can effectively improve the return loss of the filter 2 .

[0049] The signal enters the filter 2 from the first stripline 202, is fed into the first disc patch 201 through the first connecting through-hole 13, and then passes through the first resonant cavity 210, the second resonant cavity 220, the third resonant cavity 230, and the fourth resonant cavity 240 in sequence. It is then output from the output port of the filter 2, passes through the quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6, and enters the input branch 31 of the power divider 3, and is divided into two outputs by the power divider 3.

[0050] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, the power divider 3 includes an input branch 31, an impedance converter, and an isolation resistor 34. The input branch 31, impedance converter, and isolation resistor 34 are arranged between the sixth metal ground plane 26 and the seventh metal ground plane 27. One end of the input branch 31 is connected to the second stripline 204 via the quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6, and the other end is connected to the impedance converter. The impedance converter includes a first impedance converter 32 and a second impedance converter 33. The first impedance converter 32 and the second impedance converter 33 are connected to the input branch 31, and the other end is connected to the phase shifter 4. The isolation resistor 34 is arranged between the ends of the first impedance converter 32 and the second impedance converter 33, and is adjacent to the phase shifter 4. The use of a stripline method in the power divider 3 reduces the insertion loss of the power divider 3, and the addition of the isolation resistor 34 improves the port isolation of the power divider 3.

[0051] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, phase shifter 4 includes a third stripline 41 and a fourth stripline 42, which are arranged between sixth metal ground plane 26 and seventh metal ground plane 27. One end of third stripline 41 is connected to first impedance transformer 32, and the other end is connected to first metallized feed via 43. One end of fourth stripline 42 is connected to second impedance transformer 33, and the other end is connected to second metallized feed via 44. First metallized feed via 43 and second metallized feed via 44 are connected to patch antenna 5. The two signals output from power divider 3 pass through phase shifter 4, resulting in a 90-degree phase difference between the two signals. These signals are then fed into patch antenna 5 through first metallized feed via 43 and second metallized feed via 44.

[0052] In some embodiments, the resistance of the first impedance converter 32 and the second impedance converter 33 is 70.7 ohms, and the resistance of the input branch 31 is 50 ohms. Figure 4 As shown, the first impedance converter 32 and the second impedance converter 33 are composed of four strip lines with lengths P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively. The total length reference value of the first impedance converter 32 and the second impedance converter 33 is one-quarter of the wavelength in the medium. The lengths of the four strip lines can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0053] In some embodiments, the isolation resistor 34 connected to the ends of the first impedance transformer 32 and the second impedance transformer 33 can improve the isolation between the two ports of the power divider 3. The dimensions of the isolation resistor 34 are 0.1 mm x 0.18 mm, and the resistance is 100 ohms. The dimensions and resistance of the isolation resistor 34 can be changed according to actual conditions. The first metallized feed via 43 and the second metallized feed via 44 extend through the ceramic dielectric module 1 and have a radius of 0.06 mm.

[0054] In some embodiments, the filter 2 is a substrate integrated waveguide filter 2 for a frequency band of 29 GHz to 29.9 GHz, the power divider 3 is a one-to-two Wilkinson power divider 3 for a frequency band of 29 GHz to 29.9 GHz, and the phase shifter 4 is a stripline phase shifter 4 for a frequency band of 29 GHz to 29.9 GHz. The substrate integrated waveguide filter 2 and the Wilkinson power divider 3 are cascaded via a quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6, the phase shifter 4 and the Wilkinson power divider 3 are directly connected via a stripline, and the antenna is dual-port fed via the two outputs of the phase shifter 4.

[0055] During application, since the output / input impedances of filter 2 and power divider 3 are pre-adjusted to 50 ohms, impedance matching between the two devices can be achieved simply by adjusting the impedance of quasi-coaxial transmission structure 6 to 50 ohms. Both the output port of power divider 3 and the input port of phase shifter 4 are 50-ohm striplines, and impedance matching can be achieved by directly connecting them. The two outputs of phase shifter 4 feed patch antenna 5 through metal vias 12, with feed points distributed along the horizontal and vertical axes of the rectangular patch.

[0056] In some embodiments, the patch antenna 5 is square, and the two signals output by the phase shifter 4 have a phase difference of 90 degrees. The patch antenna 5 is fed through the first metallized feeding hole 43 and the second metallized feeding hole 44. The feeding points are distributed in the horizontal and vertical axis directions of the rectangular patch. By adjusting the position of the feeding point, the resonant frequency and harmonic loss of the antenna can be effectively adjusted.

[0057] In some embodiments, the patch antenna 5 has a size of 1.8 mm×1.8 mm, a horizontal axis feeding position is 0.3 mm from the center of the patch, and a vertical axis feeding position is 0.45 mm from the center of the patch.

[0058] This embodiment cascades filter 2, power divider 3, phase shifter 4, and antenna to form a filter-power-divider circularly polarized antenna module. By integrating multiple components and performing the isolation and matching functions of individual components within the module, reliance on external isolation and matching circuits is reduced. Furthermore, the multi-component stacking design effectively reduces the overall size and loss of the RF device. Therefore, the design of multi-component integrated modules has become a key method for achieving miniaturization of RF front-ends.

[0059] The ceramic dielectric module 1 comprises multiple dielectric substrates stacked in layers; there are 28 dielectric substrates, listed from top to bottom as substrates 1 through 28. The filter 2 is located on substrates 3 through 21, the power divider 3 and phase shifter 4 are located on substrates 22 through 23, and the patch antenna 5 is located on the top surface of the 28th substrate. A quasi-coaxial inner conductor 61 is located between substrates 3 through 6, and between substrates 19 through 21. A quasi-coaxial outer wall 62, consisting of a metal via 12 surrounding the quasi-coaxial inner conductor 61, is located between substrates 3 through 4, and between substrates 21 through 22. The first metal ground plate 21 is disposed between the third and fourth substrates, the second metal ground plate 22 is disposed between the fifth and sixth substrates, the third metal ground plate 23 is disposed between the ninth and tenth substrates, the fourth metal ground plate 24 is disposed between the thirteenth and fourteenth substrates, the fifth metal ground plate 25 is disposed between the seventeenth and eighteenth substrates, and the sixth metal ground plate 26 is disposed between the twenty-first and twenty-second substrates. Phase shifter 4 is disposed on the twenty-second substrate.

[0060] The first to twenty-eighth substrates are all made of Ferro-A6M material with a relative dielectric constant of 5.9 and a loss tangent of 0.001. Each dielectric substrate is 0.096 mm thick and is manufactured using a low-temperature co-fired ceramic process. In the ceramic dielectric module 1, silver is used as the metal material.

[0061] Using the LTCC process, a filter 2, power divider 3, phase shifter 4, and antenna are stacked to create a filtering, power-dividing, circularly polarized antenna module for satellite internet communication bands. Stripline power feeding facilitates embedding within the LTCC transceiver, ensuring signal transmission as required while achieving a compact design.

[0062] The size of the LTCC-based filter power distribution circularly polarized antenna module is 4.75 mm × 3.85 mm × 2.77 mm. The module is tested for performance. Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown in the figure, the simulation results of the filter power divider circular polarization antenna module are shown. The in-band standing wave of the entire filter power divider module is less than 1.4, the return loss in the passband is less than -15dB, the maximum gain in the passband is 2.45dB, and the minimum is 1.16dB. Figure 13 - Figure 15 As shown, the axial ratio within the antenna bandwidth is less than 3dB, achieving right-hand circular polarization.

[0063] It can be seen that the present application discloses a LTCC-based filtering power splitter circularly polarized antenna module, which superimposes multiple layers of circuits on a substrate and realizes a complex three-dimensional circuit design, integrating passive components such as power dividers and filters. Thanks to the high temperature and thermal shock resistance of the ceramic substrate, it has good mechanical strength and is suitable for use in harsh environments. Compared with traditional circuit design, LTCC technology has significant miniaturization advantages, and can achieve high-density packaging and smaller circuit size. And through stripline feeding, it is easy to combine with other LTCC RF devices, and has good application potential in the satellite Internet communication wave band.

[0064] The above are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A LTCC-based filter power distribution circularly polarized antenna module, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ceramic dielectric module, a filter, a power divider, a phase shifter, a patch antenna and a quasi-coaxial transmission structure; the ceramic dielectric module is arranged around the filter, the power divider, the phase shifter, the patch antenna and the quasi-coaxial transmission structure; the filter is connected to the power divider, the power divider is connected to the phase shifter, and the phase shifter is connected to the patch antenna; The filter is arranged at the lower part and the middle part of the ceramic dielectric module, and the filter includes a plurality of cascaded resonant cavities for filtering the signal; The power divider and the phase shifter are arranged on the upper part of the ceramic dielectric module, the power divider is used to distribute the power of the output signal of the filter, and the phase shifter is used to shift the phase of the output signal of the power divider; The patch antenna is arranged on the upper surface of the ceramic dielectric module, and the patch antenna is dual-port fed through the output signal of the phase shifter to radiate circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; The quasi-coaxial transmission structure is arranged in the ceramic dielectric module and is connected to the filter and the power divider.

2. The LTCC-based filtering power distribution circularly polarized antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna module further includes a stripline feeding port, which is arranged on a side of the ceramic dielectric module and is connected to the filter through the quasi-coaxial transmission structure.

3. The LTCC-based filtering power distribution circularly polarized antenna module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter includes a first disc patch, a first stripline, a second disc patch, a second stripline, and a plurality of metal ground plates. The plurality of metal ground plates are stacked, and from top to bottom are the first metal ground plate, the second metal ground plate, the third metal ground plate, the fourth metal ground plate, the fifth metal ground plate, and the sixth metal ground plate. The first disc patch is connected to the first stripline. The first disc patch and the first stripline are arranged between the second metal ground plate and the third metal ground plate. The first end of the first stripline is adjacent to the stripline feeding port and is located at an edge of the ceramic dielectric module. The second end of the first stripline is located on the other side of the ceramic dielectric module and adjacent to the middle of the ceramic dielectric module. The first disc patch is located above the second end of the first stripline. The first disc patch is connected to the second end of the first stripline through a first connecting through-hole on the ceramic dielectric module. The first stripline serves as the input end of the filter. The second circular patch is connected to the second stripline and is arranged between the fifth metal ground plate and the sixth metal ground plate. The first end of the second stripline is on the same side as the first end of the first stripline and is adjacent to the middle of the ceramic dielectric module. The second end of the second stripline is on the same side as the second end of the first stripline and is adjacent to the edge of the ceramic dielectric module. The second circular patch is located above the second end of the second stripline and is connected to the second end of the second stripline via a second connecting through-hole on the ceramic dielectric module. The second stripline serves as the output end of the filter.

4. The LTCC-based filtering power distribution circularly polarized antenna module according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of metal through-holes are provided on the ceramic dielectric module between the second to sixth metal ground plates and between adjacent metal ground plates, and the plurality of metal through-holes constitute the resonant cavity; the plurality of metal through-holes between the second metal ground plate and the third metal ground plate constitute a first resonant cavity; the first disc patch and the first stripline are located in an area enclosed by the first resonant cavity; the plurality of metal through-holes between the third and fourth metal ground plates constitute a second resonant cavity; the plurality of metal through-holes between the fourth and fifth metal ground plates constitute a third resonant cavity; the plurality of metal through-holes between the fifth and sixth metal ground plates constitute a fourth resonant cavity; and the second disc patch and the second stripline are located in an area enclosed by the fourth resonant cavity. A first metal window is provided on the third metal ground plate, a second metal window is provided on the fourth metal ground plate, and a third metal window is provided on the fifth metal ground plate; the first metal window and the third metal window extend in the same direction as the first stripline, and the second metal window extends in a direction perpendicular to the first stripline; The first resonant cavity is coupled to the second resonant cavity through the first metal window, the second resonant cavity is coupled to the third resonant cavity through the second metal window, and the third resonant cavity is coupled to the fourth resonant cavity through the third metal window.

5. The LTCC-based filtering power distribution circularly polarized antenna module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The metal ground plate also includes a seventh metal ground plate, which is arranged on the upper side of the sixth metal ground plate. The quasi-coaxial transmission structure includes a quasi-coaxial inner conductor and a quasi-coaxial outer wall. The quasi-coaxial inner conductor and the quasi-coaxial outer wall through-holes between the first metal ground plate and the second metal ground plate connect the stripline feeding port and the filter. The quasi-coaxial inner conductor and the quasi-coaxial outer wall through-holes arranged between the sixth metal ground plate and the seventh metal ground plate connect the filter and the power divider.

6. The LTCC-based filtering power distribution circularly polarized antenna module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power divider includes an input branch, an impedance converter, and an isolation resistor. The input branch, impedance converter, and isolation resistor are arranged between the sixth metal ground plate and the seventh metal ground plate. One end of the input branch is connected to the second stripline through the quasi-coaxial transmission structure, and the other end is connected to the impedance converter. The impedance converter includes a first impedance converter and a second impedance converter. The first impedance converter and the second impedance converter are connected to the input branch, and the other end is connected to the phase shifter. The isolation resistor is arranged between the ends of the first impedance converter and the second impedance converter, and is adjacent to the phase shifter.

7. The LTCC-based filtering power distribution circularly polarized antenna module according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first metallized feed via and a second metallized feed via are provided on the upper portion of the ceramic dielectric module. The phase shifter includes a third stripline and a fourth stripline, which are provided between the sixth metal ground plate and the seventh metal ground plate. One end of the third stripline is connected to the first impedance transformer, and the other end is connected to the first metallized feed via. One end of the fourth stripline is connected to the second impedance transformer, and the other end is connected to the second metallized feed via. The first metallized feed via and the second metallized feed via are connected to the patch antenna.

8. The LTCC-based filtering power distribution circularly polarized antenna module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The patch antenna is square in shape, and the two signals output by the phase shifter with a phase difference of 90 degrees are fed to the patch antenna through the first metallized feeding through hole and the second metallized feeding through hole.

9. The LTCC-based filtering power distribution circularly polarized antenna module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ceramic dielectric module includes a plurality of dielectric substrates, which are stacked in layers. There are 28 dielectric substrates, namely, the first substrate to the twenty-eighth substrate from top to bottom. The filter is provided on the third substrate to the twenty-first substrate, the power divider and the phase shifter are provided on the twenty-second substrate to the twenty-third substrate, and the patch antenna is provided on the upper surface of the twenty-eighth substrate. The first metal ground plate is arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the second metal ground plate is arranged between the fifth substrate and the sixth substrate, the third metal ground plate is arranged between the ninth substrate and the tenth substrate, the fourth metal ground plate is arranged between the thirteenth substrate and the fourteenth substrate, the fifth metal ground plate is arranged between the seventeenth substrate and the eighteenth substrate, and the sixth metal ground plate is arranged between the twenty-first substrate and the twenty-second substrate.

10. The LTCC-based filtering power distribution circularly polarized antenna module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first to twenty-eighth substrates are all made of Ferro-A6M material with a relative dielectric constant of 5.9 and a loss tangent value of 0.

001. The thickness of each dielectric substrate is 0.096 mm and is manufactured using a low-temperature co-fired ceramic process. The radius R2 of the quasi-coaxial inner conductor is 0.024 mm, and the height is 0.384 mm. The radius R2 of the quasi-coaxial outer wall through hole is 0.024 mm, and the height is 0.192 mm. The distance S2 between adjacent quasi-coaxial outer wall through holes is 0.21 mm. The distance between the quasi-coaxial inner conductor and the quasi-coaxial outer wall is 0.2 mm. The thickness of the metal ground plate is 0.01 mm; the radius R1 of the metal through hole is 0.075 mm, the height is 0.384 mm, and the distance between adjacent metal through holes is 0.3 mm; The isolation resistor has a size of 0.1 mm × 0.18 mm and a resistance of 100 ohms, and the radius of the first metallized feed through hole and the second metallized feed through hole is 0.06 mm; The patch antenna has a size of 1.8 mm×1.8 mm, a horizontal axis feeding position is 0.3 mm away from the center of the patch antenna, and a vertical axis feeding position is 0.45 mm away from the center of the patch antenna.

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