High-reliability hollow cathode neutralizer power supply circuit and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a high-reliability power supply circuit of a hollow cathode neutralizer and a working method of the high-reliability power supply circuit. The power supply circuit comprises an input filter capacitor, a touch holding electrode power supply circuit and a heater power supply circuit, the input filter capacitor is used for providing a direct-current voltage source for the touch pole power supply circuit and the heater power supply circuit; the touch holding pole power supply circuit is used for carrying out first circuit processing on the direct current voltage filtered by the input filter capacitor so as to form direct current voltage loaded by the touch holding pole of the neutralizer; and the heater power supply circuit is used for carrying out second circuit processing on the direct-current voltage filtered by the input filter capacitor so as to form the direct-current voltage loaded by the neutralizer heater. The device can be used for radio frequency ion electric propulsion, sufficient electrons can be provided at the ignition moment of the contact pole, the no-load output voltage of the device is not affected by the no-load equivalent impedance of the contact pole, stable no-load high-voltage output can be achieved in the whole life cycle of the thruster, and the reliability of successful ignition in the whole life cycle of the thruster is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of radio frequency ion electric propulsion of spacecraft, and in particular relates to a power supply circuit of a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a high-performance micro-electric propulsion technology, RF ion electric propulsion technology has the advantages of high specific impulse, plume collimation, simple structure, and easy miniaturization. It has broad application prospects in the field of commercial micro-satellites. The RF ion electric propulsion system consists of an RF ion thruster, a neutralizer, a power processing and control unit, an RF power processing unit, and a storage and supply unit. Among them, the power processing and control unit consists of a DC power processing unit and a digital interface and control unit. The DC power processing unit supplies power to the screen grid and acceleration grid of the thruster, the contact holding electrode and heater of the hollow cathode neutralizer, and the digital interface and control unit completes the measurement and control functions of various parts of the electric propulsion system. Among them, the hollow cathode neutralizer is mainly responsible for generating electrons and participates in the ignition and neutralization process of the RF ion thruster.

[0003] During the ignition process of the RF ion thruster, the emitter inside the hollow cathode neutralizer is first preheated by the heater to reach the electron emission temperature. Then, high voltage is applied to the contact electrode of the hollow cathode neutralizer to achieve discharge breakdown of the working fluid gas. The neutralizer emits an electron beam outward. At this time, positive high voltage is loaded on the screen grid of the thruster to introduce external electrons into the discharge chamber. Under the action of the electromagnetic field, the electrons collide with the neutral atoms inside the discharge chamber to ionize and generate plasma, thereby completing the thruster ignition. After the thruster is successfully ignited, the hollow cathode neutralizer continues to generate electrons to neutralize the plasma ejected by the thruster, thereby maintaining the electrical neutrality of the entire RF ion electric propulsion system and ensuring the stable operation of the system.

[0004] During the ignition process of the radio frequency ion thruster, the amount of electrons generated by the hollow cathode neutralizer's contact pole at the moment of the working gas discharge breakdown, that is, the magnitude of the contact pole ignition instantaneous current, will directly affect the reliability of the thruster's ignition success. The larger the contact pole ignition instantaneous current, the higher the reliability of the thruster's ignition success. At the same time, after the hollow cathode neutralizer's contact pole completes the high-voltage ignition, it needs to quickly switch to a constant current stable output state to avoid the instability of its emitted electrons causing the thruster to work unstable and ignite frequently. With the increase in the number of ignitions and the use time, the no-load equivalent impedance and constant current equivalent impedance of the hollow cathode neutralizer's contact pole will change. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the stability of the contact pole power supply high-voltage output during the entire life cycle of the thruster to ensure the thruster's ignition reliability; it is necessary to adjust the contact pole power supply constant current output value to match the change of the contact pole constant current equivalent impedance to maintain the working stability of the thruster throughout its life cycle.

[0005] At present, most hollow cathode neutralizer power supplies adopt an independent power supply architecture, that is, the hollow cathode neutralizer power supply consists of three parts: heater power supply, contact-holding electrode high voltage power supply and contact-holding electrode constant current power supply. Some hollow cathode neutralizer power supplies reuse the heater power supply and the contact-holding electrode constant current power supply, or reuse the inverter circuit part of the contact-holding electrode high voltage power supply and the contact-holding electrode constant current power supply. These designs mainly have the following two problems: The output current range and output voltage range of the heater power supply and the contact electrode constant current power supply in the RF ion electric propulsion hollow cathode neutralizer are quite different. When the heater power supply and the contact electrode constant current power supply are reused, the composite power supply will need to meet the requirements of a wider output range, the output power of the power supply will increase, and the reuse control circuit will need to be added, which may bring higher component costs than the independent power supply architecture. At the same time, it is difficult for the composite power supply to maintain high efficiency in a wider output range; For the two schemes of independent power supply architecture and inverter circuit partial reuse architecture of the holding pole high voltage power supply and the holding pole constant current power supply, the holding pole high voltage branch usually sets a voltage divider resistor before it is combined with the holding pole constant current branch. The resistance of the voltage divider resistor is generally more than a thousand times the equivalent impedance of the holding pole constant current. Its function is to withstand the high voltage after the holding pole is successfully ignited, thereby reducing the output power of the high voltage branch. However, on the one hand, the voltage divider resistor will suppress the discharge current of the holding pole at the moment of ignition; on the other hand, with the increase of the number of ignitions and the use time, the no-load equivalent impedance of the holding pole of the hollow cathode neutralizer gradually decreases. The voltage divider resistor will cause the no-load voltage of the holding pole to decrease with the decrease of its no-load equivalent impedance, thereby affecting the ignition reliability of the thruster. Therefore, in summary, in the current power supply scheme for the hollow cathode neutralizer of the RF ion electric propulsion system, when the heater power supply and the contact-holding electrode constant current power supply are reused, the efficiency of the composite power supply is not high enough under a wider output range; when a voltage-dividing resistor is set in the contact-holding electrode high-voltage branch, the voltage-dividing resistor will cause the contact-holding electrode no-load voltage to decrease as its no-load equivalent impedance decreases, thereby affecting the ignition reliability of the thruster. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a power supply circuit of a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer and a working method thereof, aiming to solve the problem that in the current power supply scheme of the hollow cathode neutralizer of a radio frequency ion electric propulsion system, when a heater power supply and a contact holding electrode constant current power supply are multiplexed in a design, the efficiency of the composite power supply is not high enough under a wider output range; when a voltage-dividing resistor is set in the contact holding electrode high-voltage branch, the voltage-dividing resistor will cause the contact holding electrode no-load voltage to decrease as its no-load equivalent impedance decreases, thereby affecting the ignition reliability of the thruster.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The present invention discloses a power supply circuit for a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer, the power supply circuit comprising an input filter capacitor Cin, a holding electrode power supply circuit and a heater power supply circuit, wherein: The input filter capacitor Cin is located at the input end of the power supply circuit, and the input filter capacitor Cin is used to provide a DC voltage source to the touch-holding electrode power supply circuit and the heater power supply circuit; The touch-holding electrode power supply circuit includes: a touch-holding electrode power supply primary current sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply flyback power conversion circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output current sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, a feedback signal comparison circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit and a touch-holding electrode power supply isolation drive circuit; the touch-holding electrode power supply circuit is used to perform a first circuit processing on the DC voltage filtered by the input filter capacitor Cin so as to form a DC voltage of the neutralizer touch-holding electrode load; The heater power supply circuit includes a heater power supply primary current sampling circuit, a heater power supply flyback power conversion circuit, a heater power supply output voltage sampling circuit, a heater power supply output current sampling circuit, a heater power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, a heater power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit and a heater power supply isolation drive circuit; the heater power supply circuit is used to perform a second circuit processing on the DC voltage filtered by the input filter capacitor Cin so as to form a DC voltage for the neutralizer heater load.

[0008] In some embodiments, the primary current sampling circuit of the touch-holding electrode power supply is used to collect the primary current of the touch-holding electrode power supply, and send the primary current signal of the touch-holding electrode power supply to the touch-holding electrode power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit; the touch-holding electrode power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit is used to send the pulse width modulation output signal to the touch-holding electrode power supply isolation drive circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the touch-holding pole power supply isolation driving circuit is used to achieve magnetic isolation by driving a transformer, output a first driving signal, and send the first driving signal to the touch-holding pole power supply flyback power conversion circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the flyback power conversion circuit of the holding pole power supply is used to receive the first drive signal, realize switch control and duty cycle adjustment, and realize primary and secondary magnetic isolation through the power transformer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage sampling circuit is used to convert the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage signal into a sampling signal Vcy1, and send the sampling signal Vcy1 to the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the touch-holding electrode power supply output current sampling circuit is used to: convert the touch-holding electrode power supply output current signal into a sampling signal Icy1, and send the sampling signal Icy1 to the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the PID negative feedback control circuit of the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage is used to: compare the sampling signal Vcy1 with the reference signal Vset1, perform a negative feedback PID loop operation, form a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage feedback signal, and output it to the feedback signal comparison circuit; The PID negative feedback control circuit for the output current of the touch-holding electrode power supply is used to compare the sampling signal Icy1 with the reference signal Iset1, perform negative feedback PID loop operation, form a touch-holding electrode power supply output current feedback signal, and output it to the feedback signal comparison circuit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the feedback signal comparison circuit is used to compare the output signals of the touch-pole power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit and the touch-pole power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, take the low voltage value output to form a feedback loop control signal, and send the feedback loop control signal to the touch-pole power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit.

[0015] In some embodiments, the PWM pulse width modulation circuit of the touch-holding power supply is used to receive the output signal of the primary current sampling circuit and the feedback signal comparison circuit of the touch-holding power supply to achieve power supply slow start, primary overcurrent protection and PWM pulse width regulation.

[0016] The present invention also provides a working method of a power supply circuit of a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer, comprising the following steps: S1, respectively setting a touch-holding electrode power supply output current reference signal, a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage reference signal and a heater power supply output current reference signal; S2, turn on the heating power supply; S3, preheating of the neutralizer, S4, judging whether the heating process of the neutralizer is completed according to the state of the neutralizer or the set heating time; if not, returning to S3; if completed, entering S5; S5, turn on the power supply of the touch-holding electrode; S6, judging whether the thruster ignition is successful according to the working status of the thruster and the neutralizer; if the ignition is unsuccessful, turning off the power supply of the holding electrode and returning to S3; if the ignition is successful, entering S7; S7, turn off the power supply of the heater; S8, adjusting the output current reference signal of the holding pole power supply according to the thruster operation state; S9. The thruster operation is finished and the power supply of the contact holding pole is turned off.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the power supply circuit and working method of the hollow cathode neutralizer with high reliability of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses a power supply circuit for a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer, the power supply circuit comprising an input filter capacitor Cin, a touch-holding electrode power supply circuit and a heater power supply circuit, wherein: the input filter capacitor Cin is located at the input end of the power supply circuit, and the input filter capacitor Cin is used to provide a DC voltage source to the touch-holding electrode power supply circuit and the heater power supply circuit; the touch-holding electrode power supply circuit comprises: a touch-holding electrode power supply primary current sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply flyback power conversion circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output current sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, a feedback signal comparison circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply PWM pulse width Modulation circuit and touch-holding pole power supply isolation driving circuit; the touch-holding pole power supply circuit is used to perform a first circuit processing on the DC voltage filtered by the input filter capacitor Cin so as to form a DC voltage of the neutralizer touch-holding pole load; the heater power supply circuit includes a heater power supply primary current sampling circuit, a heater power supply flyback power conversion circuit, a heater power supply output voltage sampling circuit, a heater power supply output current sampling circuit, a heater power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, a heater power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit and a heater power supply isolation driving circuit; the heater power supply circuit is used to perform a second circuit processing on the DC voltage filtered by the input filter capacitor Cin so as to form a DC voltage of the neutralizer heater load. Based on the above, the present invention can be used for radio frequency ion electric propulsion, the high-reliability hollow cathode neutralizer power supply circuit is composed of an independent heater power supply and a touch-holding pole power supply, and two power supply modes of no-load high-voltage output and load constant-current output are realized through a single touch-holding pole power supply, the output range of each power supply fully meets its load power supply requirements, and there is no need to increase the multiplexing control circuit, the number of components used is small, the power supply working efficiency is high, and the work process is clear and reliable. The contact holding electrode power supply of the present invention has the characteristics of no-load high-voltage output and load constant-current output, can adaptively adjust the output mode according to the impedance state of the contact holding electrode of the hollow cathode neutralizer, can provide sufficient electrons at the moment of contact holding electrode ignition, and its no-load output voltage is not affected by the no-load equivalent impedance of the contact holding electrode, and can achieve stable no-load high-voltage output during the whole life cycle of the thruster, thereby ensuring the reliability of successful ignition during the whole life cycle of the thruster; the contact holding electrode power supply can adaptively change the contact holding electrode impedance state after successful ignition, and quickly (ms level) automatically switch from no-load high-voltage output to constant current output mode, thereby ensuring the working stability of the thruster; the constant current output value of the contact holding electrode power supply and the heating power supply can be adjusted on-orbit during the operation of the thruster, thereby matching the change of the constant-current equivalent impedance of the contact holding electrode, and maintaining the working stability of the thruster during the whole life cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings in the specification are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the topological structure of a power supply circuit of a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer and a working method thereof of the present invention; Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of a power supply circuit and a working method of a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] How to improve the ignition reliability and working stability throughout the life cycle in response to the power supply requirements of the hollow cathode neutralizer of the radio frequency ion electric propulsion system.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a power supply circuit of a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer, the power supply circuit comprising an input filter capacitor Cin, a holding electrode power supply circuit and a heater power supply circuit, wherein: The input filter capacitor Cin is located at the input end of the power supply circuit, and the input filter capacitor Cin is used to provide a DC voltage source to the touch-holding electrode power supply circuit and the heater power supply circuit; The touch-holding electrode power supply circuit includes: a touch-holding electrode power supply primary current sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply flyback power conversion circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output current sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, a feedback signal comparison circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit and a touch-holding electrode power supply isolation drive circuit; the touch-holding electrode power supply circuit is used to perform a first circuit processing on the DC voltage filtered by the input filter capacitor Cin so as to form a DC voltage of the neutralizer touch-holding electrode load; The heater power supply circuit includes a heater power supply primary current sampling circuit, a heater power supply flyback power conversion circuit, a heater power supply output voltage sampling circuit, a heater power supply output current sampling circuit, a heater power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, a heater power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit and a heater power supply isolation drive circuit; the heater power supply circuit is used to perform a second circuit processing on the DC voltage filtered by the input filter capacitor Cin so as to form a DC voltage for the neutralizer heater load.

[0028] In a power supply circuit of a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer of the present invention, the holding pole power supply can adaptively adjust the output mode according to the impedance state of the holding pole of the hollow cathode neutralizer. During the ignition process of the thruster, the holding pole power supply can ensure successful ignition. At the same time, the output voltage of the present invention is not affected by the no-load equivalent impedance of the holding pole, and can achieve stable no-load high-voltage output within the entire life cycle of the thruster, thereby improving the ignition reliability of the thruster. After the holding pole power supply is successfully ignited, the present invention can adaptively adapt to the change of the holding pole impedance state, and automatically switch from no-load high-voltage output to constant current output mode. The stability of the thruster during operation is guaranteed, and the problem of frequent ignition caused by changes in the holding pole impedance is avoided. The power supply circuit of the present invention can match the change of the constant-current equivalent impedance of the holding pole, and maintain the working stability of the thruster throughout its life cycle.

[0029] The power supply circuit and working method of a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer of the present invention are further described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit of the present invention is composed of an input filter capacitor Cin, a touch-holding electrode power supply circuit and a heater power supply circuit.

[0031] Input filter capacitor Cin: One end of the input filter capacitor Cin is connected to the power supply positive line Vin+, and the other end is connected to the power supply return line VinGnd.

[0032] Through the characteristics of storing and releasing energy of the input filter capacitor Cin, the peak-to-peak value of the AC ripple of the power supply bus is reduced, making it efficient and smooth in DC output. At the same time, the high-frequency noise in the power supply is filtered out to ensure the stability and reliability of the circuit.

[0033] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, the touch-pole power supply circuit is composed of a touch-pole power supply primary current sampling circuit, a touch-pole power supply flyback power conversion circuit, a touch-pole power supply output voltage sampling circuit, a touch-pole power supply output current sampling circuit, a touch-pole power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit, a touch-pole power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, a feedback signal comparison circuit, a touch-pole power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit, and a touch-pole power supply isolation drive circuit.

[0034] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, the primary current sampling circuit of the holding pole power supply is composed of a current transformer T2, a magnetic reset resistor R1, a filter capacitor C3, a signal output diode V3 and a current-voltage signal conversion resistor R2. Pin 1 of the current transformer T2 is connected to the positive power supply line Vin+, pin 2 of the current transformer T2 is connected to pin 1 of the power transformer T1 in the holding pole power supply flyback power conversion circuit, pin 3 of the current transformer T2 is connected to the anode of the signal output diode V3, pin 4 of the current transformer T2 is connected to the internal control ground CGnd of the neutralizer power supply, pin 1 and pin 3 of the current transformer T2 are the same-name terminals, and pin 2 and pin 4 are the same-name terminals. After the magnetic reset resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the filter capacitor C3, one end is connected to pin 3 of the current transformer T2, and the other end is connected to pin 4 of the current transformer T2. The anode of the signal output diode V3 is connected to pin 3 of the current transformer T2, and the cathode is connected to the primary current sampling signal IS1 of the holding pole power supply. One end of the current-voltage signal conversion resistor R2 is connected to the primary current sampling signal IS1 of the contactor power supply, and the other end is connected to the internal control ground CGnd of the neutralizer power supply.

[0035] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, the primary current sampling circuit of the touch-holding pole power supply collects the primary current of the touch-holding pole power supply through the current transformer T2, and sends the primary current sampling signal IS1 of the touch-holding pole power supply to the PWM pulse width modulation circuit of the touch-holding pole power supply, thereby realizing the primary overcurrent protection of the touch-holding pole power supply. The function of the magnetic reset resistor R1 is to perform the magnetic reset of the current transformer T2 when the primary current of the touch-holding pole power supply returns to zero, so as to avoid the magnetic saturation phenomenon of the current transformer T2. The current-voltage signal conversion resistor R2 converts the current signal output by the signal output diode V3 into a voltage signal.

[0036] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, the contact-holding power supply flyback power conversion circuit is composed of a resistor R3, a capacitor C2, a diode V2, a power transformer T1, an N MOS tube Q1, an output rectifier diode V1 and an output filter capacitor C1. Among them, after the resistor R3 and the capacitor C2 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the 1st pin of the power transformer T1, and the other end is connected to the cathode of the diode V2. The anode of the diode V2 is connected to the 2nd pin of the power transformer T1. The drain of the N MOS tube Q1 is connected to the 2nd pin of the power transformer T1, the source is connected to the power supply return line VinGnd, and the gate is connected to the first drive signal V Q1gs Pin 3 of the power transformer T1 is connected to the anode of the output rectifier diode V1, and pin 4 is connected to one end of the output filter capacitor C1. Pin 1 and pin 4 are the same-name terminals, and pin 2 and pin 3 are the same-name terminals. The cathode of the output rectifier diode V1 is connected to the other end of the output filter capacitor C1, that is, the positive terminal Vout1+ of the output power supply of the holding pole power supply.

[0037] The power supply circuit of the present invention, the N MOS tube Q1 in the touch-holding power supply flyback power conversion circuit receives the first drive signal V output by the touch-holding power supply isolation drive circuit Q1gs , realize switch control and duty cycle adjustment, and realize primary and secondary magnetic isolation through power transformer T1. Its basic working principle is: when N MOS tube Q1 is turned on, power transformer T1 stores energy, output rectifier diode V1 is cut off, and output filter capacitor C1 supplies power to the subsequent load; when N MOS tube Q1 is turned off, power transformer T1 supplies power to the secondary side, output rectifier diode V1 is turned on, charging output filter capacitor C1, and supplying power to the subsequent load. Resistor R3, capacitor C2 and diode V2 constitute an RCD voltage spike absorption circuit. The function of the RCD voltage spike absorption circuit is to absorb the drain-source voltage spike when N MOS tube Q1 is turned off, so as to avoid excessive voltage stress when the power MOS tube is turned off.

[0038] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, one end of the holding pole power supply output voltage sampling circuit is connected to the holding pole power supply output power supply positive terminal Vout1+, and the other end is connected to the hollow cathode neutralizer power supply output power supply common ground line VoutGnd. The holding pole power supply output voltage sampling circuit converts the holding pole power supply output voltage signal into the holding pole power supply output voltage sampling signal Vcy1, and at the same time realizes the high-resistance isolation between the hollow cathode neutralizer power supply output power supply common ground line VoutGnd and the neutralizer power supply internal control ground CGnd, so as to avoid the neutralizer load side ground disturbance affecting the steady-state operation of the power supply during the working process of the holding pole power supply.

[0039] One end of the holding pole power supply output current sampling circuit is connected to the 4th pin of the power transformer T1, and the other end is connected to the hollow cathode neutralizer power supply output power supply common ground line VoutGnd. The holding pole power supply output current sampling circuit converts the holding pole power supply output current signal into the holding pole power supply output current sampling signal Icy1, and at the same time realizes the high-resistance isolation between the hollow cathode neutralizer power supply output power supply common ground line VoutGnd and the neutralizer power supply internal control ground CGnd, so as to avoid the neutralizer load side ground disturbance affecting the steady-state operation of the power supply during the working process of the holding pole power supply.

[0040] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, the PID negative feedback control circuit of the output voltage of the contactor power supply is composed of an operational amplifier N2, resistors R7~R9 and capacitors C7~C9. Among them, the resistor R8 is connected in series with the capacitor C7 and then connected in parallel with the resistor R7, and one end of the resistor-capacitor network formed is connected to the output voltage sampling signal Vcy1 of the contactor power supply, and the other end is connected to the inverting end of the operational amplifier N2. The resistor R9 is connected in series with the capacitor C9 and then connected in parallel with the capacitor C8, and one end of the resistor-capacitor network formed is connected to the inverting end of the operational amplifier N2, and the other end is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier N2. The output end of the operational amplifier N2 is also connected to the cathode of the diode V5 in the feedback signal comparison circuit. The non-inverting end of the operational amplifier N2 is connected to the output voltage reference signal Vset1 of the contactor power supply.

[0041] The touch-pole power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit receives the touch-pole power supply output voltage sampling signal Vcy1 from the touch-pole power supply output voltage sampling circuit, compares it with the touch-pole power supply output voltage reference signal Vset1 at the same phase end of the operational amplifier, performs negative feedback PID loop operation, and finally forms a touch-pole power supply output voltage feedback signal.

[0042] The PID negative feedback control circuit of the output current of the contact holding power supply is composed of an operational amplifier N1, resistors R4~R6 and capacitors C4~C6. Among them, the resistor R5 is connected in series with the capacitor C4 and then connected in parallel with the resistor R4. One end of the resistor-capacitor network formed is connected to the output current sampling signal Icy1 of the contact holding power supply, and the other end is connected to the inverting end of the operational amplifier N1. The resistor R6 is connected in series with the capacitor C6 and then connected in parallel with the capacitor C5. One end of the resistor-capacitor network formed is connected to the inverting end of the operational amplifier N1, and the other end is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier N1. The output end of the operational amplifier N1 is also connected to the cathode of the diode V4 in the feedback signal comparison circuit. The non-inverting end of the operational amplifier N1 is connected to the output current reference signal Iset1 of the contact holding power supply.

[0043] The touch-pole power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit receives the touch-pole power supply output current sampling signal Icy1 from the touch-pole power supply output current sampling circuit, compares it with the touch-pole power supply output current reference signal Iset1 at the same phase end of the operational amplifier, performs negative feedback PID loop operation, and finally forms a touch-pole power supply output current feedback signal.

[0044] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, the feedback signal comparison circuit is composed of diodes V4 and V5. The cathode of diode V4 is connected to the output end of operational amplifier N1, and the anode is connected to the feedback loop control signal. The cathode of diode V5 is connected to the output end of operational amplifier N2, and the anode is connected to the feedback loop control signal.

[0045] The feedback signal comparison circuit receives the output voltage feedback signal from the touch-pole power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit and the output current feedback signal from the touch-pole power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, compares the two, takes the lower voltage value for output, and sends the final feedback loop control signal to the touch-pole power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit.

[0046] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, the touch-holding pole power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit receives the touch-holding pole power supply primary current sampling signal IS1 and the feedback loop control signal, and realizes the power supply slow start-up power-on, primary side overcurrent protection, current slope compensation, PWM pulse width adjustment and other functions through the PWM pulse width controller and its peripheral circuit, and sends the pulse width modulation output signal PWM1 to the touch-holding pole power supply isolation drive circuit.

[0047] The touch-holding pole power supply isolation driving circuit receives the pulse width modulation output signal PWM1 from the touch-holding pole power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit, realizes magnetic isolation through the driving transformer, and outputs the first driving signal V Q1gs Sent to the gate of the N MOS tube Q1 in the trigger power supply flyback power conversion circuit.

[0048] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, the main body of the touch-holding power supply adopts a flyback power converter, and simultaneously samples the primary current signal, output voltage signal and output current signal, and transmits the sampled signal to the relevant functional circuit, thereby realizing primary overcurrent protection, output voltage PID negative feedback control, output current PID negative feedback control and other functions.

[0049] The overall working mechanism of the holding pole power supply is as follows: during the thruster ignition process, the initial state of the holding pole of the hollow cathode neutralizer is a high-resistance state, at which time the output current of the holding pole power supply is approximately zero, the voltage of the holding pole power supply output current sampling signal Icy1 is relatively low, the output voltage of the holding pole power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit is higher than the output voltage of the holding pole power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit, and the holding pole power supply works in the voltage loop to achieve no-load constant voltage stable output. When high voltage is applied to the holding pole of the hollow cathode neutralizer, the working fluid gas is discharged and broken down, and the output current of the holding pole power supply gradually increases to the set holding pole power supply output current reference signal Iset1, the output voltage of the holding pole power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit is lower than the output voltage of the holding pole power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit, and the holding pole power supply works in the current loop to achieve load-bearing constant current stable output. The holding pole power supply can adaptively adjust the two states of no-load high-voltage output and loaded constant-current output according to the holding pole load impedance state of the hollow cathode neutralizer, provide sufficient electrons at the moment of holding pole ignition, and its no-load output voltage is not affected by the no-load equivalent impedance of the holding pole, and can achieve stable no-load high-voltage output throughout the life cycle of the thruster, thereby ensuring the reliability of successful ignition throughout the life cycle of the thruster; the holding pole power supply can adaptively change the holding pole impedance state after successful ignition, and quickly (ms level) switch from no-load high-voltage output to constant current output mode automatically, thereby ensuring the working stability of the thruster; the constant current output value of the holding pole power supply can be adjusted on-orbit during the operation of the thruster, thereby matching the change of the holding pole constant-current equivalent impedance and maintaining the working stability of the thruster throughout the life cycle.

[0050] As some preferred embodiments, optionally; The present invention can add a reverse follower circuit at the rear stage of the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage sampling circuit, and the output signal of the circuit is a remote sensing signal of the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage, thereby realizing the remote sensing function of the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage; The present invention can add a reverse follower circuit at the rear stage of the touch-holding electrode power supply output current sampling circuit, and the output signal of the circuit is a remote sensing signal of the touch-holding electrode power supply output current, thereby realizing the remote sensing function of the touch-holding electrode power supply output current; The present invention can divide the Vref level output by the PWM pulse width controller in the PWM pulse width modulation circuit of the touch-holding electrode power supply by resistors, thereby forming a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage reference signal Vset1; The present invention can divide the Vref level output by the PWM pulse width controller in the PWM pulse width modulation circuit of the touch-holding electrode power supply by resistance, thereby forming a touch-holding electrode power supply output current reference signal Iset1; The present invention can replace the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage reference signal Vset1 in the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit with an external injection level, thereby realizing the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage remote control function; The present invention can replace the touch-holding electrode power supply output current reference signal Iset1 in the touch-holding electrode power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit with an external injection level, thereby realizing the touch-holding electrode power supply output current remote control function.

[0051] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, the heater power supply circuit is composed of a heater power supply primary current sampling circuit, a heater power supply flyback power conversion circuit, a heater power supply output voltage sampling circuit, a heater power supply output current sampling circuit, a heater power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, a heater power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit, and a heater power supply isolation drive circuit.

[0052] The heater power supply primary current sampling circuit is composed of a current transformer T4, a magnetic reset resistor R10, a filter capacitor C10, a signal output diode V8, and a current-voltage signal conversion resistor R11. Pin 1 of the current transformer T4 is connected to the positive power supply line Vin+, pin 2 of the current transformer T4 is connected to pin 1 of the power transformer T3 in the heater power supply flyback power conversion circuit, pin 3 of the current transformer T4 is connected to the anode of the signal output diode V8, pin 4 of the current transformer T4 is connected to the internal control ground CGnd of the neutralizer power supply, pins 1 and 3 of the current transformer T4 are the same-name terminals, and pins 2 and 4 are the same-name terminals. After the magnetic reset resistor R10 is connected in parallel with the filter capacitor C10, one end is connected to pin 3 of the current transformer T4, and the other end is connected to pin 4 of the current transformer T4. The anode of the signal output diode V8 is connected to pin 3 of the current transformer T4, and the cathode is connected to the heater power supply primary current sampling signal IS2. One end of the current-voltage signal conversion resistor R11 is connected to the heater power supply primary current sampling signal IS2, and the other end is connected to the neutralizer power supply internal control ground CGnd.

[0053] The heater power supply primary current sampling circuit collects the heater power supply primary current through the current transformer T4, and sends the heater power supply primary current sampling signal IS2 to the heater power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit, thereby realizing the heater power supply primary overcurrent protection. The function of the magnetic reset resistor R11 is to perform magnetic reset of the current transformer T4 when the heater power supply primary current returns to zero, so as to avoid magnetic saturation of the current transformer T4. The current-voltage signal conversion resistor R11 converts the current signal output by the signal output diode V8 into a voltage signal.

[0054] In the power circuit of the present invention, the heater power flyback power conversion circuit is composed of a resistor R12, a capacitor C11, a diode V7, a power transformer T3, an N MOS tube Q2, an output rectifier diode V6 and an output filter capacitor C12. Among them, after the resistor R12 and the capacitor C11 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the 1st pin of the power transformer T3, and the other end is connected to the cathode of the diode V7. The anode of the diode V7 is connected to the 2nd pin of the power transformer T3. The drain of the N MOS tube Q2 is connected to the 2nd pin of the power transformer T3, the source is connected to the power supply return line VinGnd, and the gate is connected to the second drive signal V Q2gs Pin 3 of the power transformer T3 is connected to the anode of the output rectifier diode V6, and pin 4 is connected to one end of the output filter capacitor C12. Pin 1 and pin 4 are the same-name terminals, and pin 2 and pin 3 are the same-name terminals. The cathode of the output rectifier diode V6 is connected to the other end of the output filter capacitor C12, that is, the positive terminal Vout2+ of the heater power supply output.

[0055] The N MOS tube Q2 in the heater power flyback power conversion circuit receives the second drive signal V output by the heater power isolation drive circuit. Q2gs , realize switch control and duty cycle adjustment, and realize primary and secondary magnetic isolation through power transformer T3. Its basic working principle is: when N MOS tube Q2 is turned on, power transformer T3 stores energy, output rectifier diode V6 is turned off, and output filter capacitor C12 supplies power to the subsequent load; when N MOS tube Q2 is turned off, power transformer T3 supplies power to the secondary side, output rectifier diode V6 is turned on, charging output filter capacitor C12, and supplying power to the subsequent load at the same time. Resistor R12, capacitor C11 and diode V7 constitute an RCD voltage spike absorption circuit. The function of the RCD voltage spike absorption circuit is to absorb the drain-source voltage spike when N MOS tube Q2 is turned off, so as to avoid excessive voltage stress when the power MOS tube is turned off.

[0056] One end of the heater power supply output voltage sampling circuit is connected to the heater power supply output positive terminal Vout2+, and the other end is connected to the hollow cathode neutralizer power supply output power common ground line VoutGnd. The heater power supply output voltage sampling circuit converts the heater power supply output voltage signal into the heater power supply output voltage sampling signal Vcy2, and at the same time realizes the high-resistance isolation between the hollow cathode neutralizer power supply output power common ground line VoutGnd and the neutralizer power supply internal control ground CGnd, so as to avoid the neutralizer load side ground disturbance affecting the steady-state operation of the power supply during the operation of the heater power supply.

[0057] One end of the heater power supply output current sampling circuit is connected to the 4th pin of the power transformer T3, and the other end is connected to the hollow cathode neutralizer power supply output power supply common ground line VoutGnd. The heater power supply output current sampling circuit converts the heater power supply output current signal into the heater power supply output current sampling signal Icy2, and at the same time realizes the high-resistance isolation between the hollow cathode neutralizer power supply output power supply common ground line VoutGnd and the neutralizer power supply internal control ground CGnd, so as to avoid the neutralizer load side ground disturbance affecting the steady-state operation of the power supply during the operation of the heater power supply.

[0058] In the power supply circuit of the present invention, the heater power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit is composed of an operational amplifier N3, resistors R13~R15 and capacitors C13~C15. Among them, the resistor R14 is connected in series with the capacitor C13 and then connected in parallel with the resistor R13, and one end of the resistor-capacitor network formed is connected to the heater power supply output current sampling signal Icy2, and the other end is connected to the inverting end of the operational amplifier N3. The resistor R15 is connected in series with the capacitor C15 and then connected in parallel with the capacitor C14, and one end of the resistor-capacitor network formed is connected to the inverting end of the operational amplifier N3, and the other end is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier N3. The output end of the operational amplifier N3 is also connected to the heater power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit. The in-phase end of the operational amplifier N3 is connected to the heater power supply output current reference signal Iset2.

[0059] The heater power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit receives the heater power supply output current sampling signal Icy2 from the heater power supply output current sampling circuit, compares it with the heater power supply output current reference signal Iset2 at the same phase end of the operational amplifier, performs negative feedback PID loop operation, and finally forms a heater power supply output current feedback signal.

[0060] The heater power PWM pulse width modulation circuit receives the heater power primary current sampling signal IS2 and the heater power output current feedback signal, and realizes the power supply slow start-up, primary side overcurrent protection, current slope compensation, PWM pulse width adjustment and other functions through the PWM pulse width controller and its peripheral circuit, and sends the pulse width modulation output signal PWM2 to the heater power isolation drive circuit.

[0061] The heater power isolation drive circuit receives the pulse width modulation output signal PWM2 from the heater power PWM circuit, realizes magnetic isolation through the drive transformer, and outputs the second drive signal V Q2gs Sent to the gate of N MOS tube Q2 in the heater power flyback power conversion circuit.

[0062] The main body of the heater power supply adopts a flyback power converter, and simultaneously samples the primary current signal, output voltage signal and output current signal, and transmits the sampled signal to the relevant functional circuit, thereby realizing functions such as primary overcurrent protection and output current PID negative feedback control. During the operation of the thruster, the constant current output value of the heater power supply can be adjusted on-orbit to match the working requirements of the neutralizer and maintain the working stability of the thruster throughout its life cycle.

[0063] As some preferred embodiments, optionally; The present invention can add a reverse follower circuit at the rear stage of the heater power supply output voltage sampling circuit, and the output signal of the circuit is a remote sensing signal of the heater power supply output voltage, thereby realizing the remote sensing function of the heater power supply output voltage; The present invention can add a reverse follower circuit at the rear stage of the heater power supply output current sampling circuit, and the output signal of the circuit is a remote sensing signal of the heater power supply output current, thereby realizing the remote sensing function of the heater power supply output current; The present invention can divide the Vref level output by the PWM pulse width controller in the heater power PWM pulse width modulation circuit by resistors, thereby forming a heater power output current reference signal Iset2; The present invention can replace the heater power supply output current reference signal Iset2 in the heater power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit with an external injection level, thereby realizing the heater power supply output current remote control function.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a working method of a power supply circuit of a highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: respectively set the touch-holding electrode power supply output current reference signal Iset1, the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage reference signal Vset1, and the heater power supply output current reference signal Iset2; Step 2: Turn on the heating power; Step 3: preheating the neutralizer; Step 4: Determine whether the heating process of the neutralizer is completed according to the state of the neutralizer or the set heating time. If it is completed, proceed to step 5. If it is not completed, return to step 3. Step 5: Turn on the power supply of the touch-holding electrode; Step 6: Determine whether the thruster ignition is successful according to the working status of the thruster and the neutralizer. If the ignition is successful, proceed to step 7. If the ignition is unsuccessful, turn off the power supply of the holding electrode and return to step 3. Step 7: Turn off the power of the heater; Step 8: Adjust the output current reference signal Iset1 of the holding pole power supply according to the thruster operation state; Step 9: When the thruster is finished working, turn off the power supply of the touch-holding pole.

[0065] In summary, the present invention improves the conversion efficiency of the power supply and enhances the anti-interference ability and stability of the power supply by adopting the contact holding pole power supply and heater power supply of the flyback power converter, and performs sampling and feedback control of the primary current signal, output voltage signal and output current signal. Through the PID negative feedback control circuit, the power supply can realize the precise adjustment of the output voltage and output current, thereby meeting the high requirements of the radio frequency ion electric propulsion hollow cathode neutralizer for the power supply. After the ignition is successful, the contact holding pole power supply of the present invention can adapt to the change of the contact holding pole impedance state, and quickly (ms level) automatically switch from the no-load high voltage output to the constant current output mode, thereby ensuring the working stability of the thruster; the constant current output value of the contact holding pole power supply and the heating power supply can be adjusted on-orbit during the operation of the thruster, thereby matching the change of the contact holding pole constant current equivalent impedance and maintaining the working stability of the thruster throughout its life cycle.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the specification and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-reliability power supply circuit for a hollow cathode neutralizer, characterized in that: The power supply circuit includes an input filter capacitor Cin, a touch-holding electrode power supply circuit and a heater power supply circuit, wherein: The input filter capacitor Cin is located at the input end of the power supply circuit, and the input filter capacitor Cin is used to provide a DC voltage source to the touch-holding electrode power supply circuit and the heater power supply circuit; The touch-holding electrode power supply circuit includes: a touch-holding electrode power supply primary current sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply flyback power conversion circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output current sampling circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, a feedback signal comparison circuit, a touch-holding electrode power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit and a touch-holding electrode power supply isolation drive circuit; the touch-holding electrode power supply circuit is used to perform a first circuit processing on the DC voltage filtered by the input filter capacitor Cin so as to form a DC voltage of the neutralizer touch-holding electrode load; The heater power supply circuit includes a heater power supply primary current sampling circuit, a heater power supply flyback power conversion circuit, a heater power supply output voltage sampling circuit, a heater power supply output current sampling circuit, a heater power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, a heater power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit and a heater power supply isolation drive circuit; the heater power supply circuit is used to perform a second circuit processing on the DC voltage filtered by the input filter capacitor Cin so as to form a DC voltage for the neutralizer heater load.

2. The power supply circuit of the highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The touch-holding electrode power supply primary current sampling circuit is used to collect the touch-holding electrode power supply primary current, and send the touch-holding electrode power supply primary current signal to the touch-holding electrode power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit; the touch-holding electrode power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit is used to send the pulse width modulation output signal to the touch-holding electrode power supply isolation drive circuit.

3. The power supply circuit of the highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The touch-holding pole power supply isolation driving circuit is used to achieve magnetic isolation by driving a transformer, output a first driving signal, and send the first driving signal to the touch-holding pole power supply flyback power conversion circuit.

4. The power supply circuit of the highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The touch-holding pole power supply flyback power conversion circuit is used to receive the first drive signal, realize switch control and duty cycle adjustment, and realize primary and secondary magnetic isolation through the power transformer.

5. The power supply circuit of the highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage sampling circuit is used to convert the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage signal into a sampling signal Vcy1, and send the sampling signal Vcy1 to the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit.

6. The power supply circuit of the highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The touch-holding electrode power supply output current sampling circuit is used to convert the touch-holding electrode power supply output current signal into a sampling signal Icy1, and send the sampling signal Icy1 to the touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit.

7. The power supply circuit of the high-reliability hollow cathode neutralizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit is used to: compare the sampling signal Vcy1 with the reference signal Vset1, perform negative feedback PID loop operation, form a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage feedback signal, and output it to the feedback signal comparison circuit; The touch-holding electrode power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit is used to compare the sampling signal Icy1 with the reference signal Iset1, perform negative feedback PID loop operation, form a touch-holding electrode power supply output current feedback signal, and output it to the feedback signal comparison circuit.

8. The power supply circuit of the highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feedback signal comparison circuit is used to compare the output signals of the touch-holding pole power supply output voltage PID negative feedback control circuit and the touch-holding pole power supply output current PID negative feedback control circuit, take the low voltage value output to form a feedback loop control signal, and send the feedback loop control signal to the touch-holding pole power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit.

9. The power supply circuit of the highly reliable hollow cathode neutralizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The touch-holding electrode power supply PWM pulse width modulation circuit is used to receive the output signal of the touch-holding electrode power supply primary current sampling circuit and the feedback signal comparison circuit, so as to realize power supply slow start, primary side overcurrent protection and PWM pulse width regulation.

10. The operating method of the power supply circuit of the high-reliability hollow cathode neutralizer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, respectively setting a touch-holding electrode power supply output current reference signal, a touch-holding electrode power supply output voltage reference signal and a heater power supply output current reference signal; S2, turn on the heating power supply; S3, preheating of the neutralizer, S4, judging whether the heating process of the neutralizer is completed according to the state of the neutralizer or the set heating time; if not, returning to S3; if completed, entering S5; S5, turn on the power supply of the touch-holding electrode; S6, judging whether the thruster ignition is successful according to the working status of the thruster and the neutralizer; if the ignition is unsuccessful, turning off the power supply of the holding electrode and returning to S3; If the ignition is successful, enter S7; S7, turn off the power supply of the heater; S8, adjusting the output current reference signal of the holding pole power supply according to the thruster operation state; S9. The thruster operation is finished and the power supply of the contact holding pole is turned off.

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