An intelligent operation and maintenance control system and device for photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intelligent operation and maintenance control system and device for photovoltaic power stations applied in the field of photovoltaic power stations. When the operation and maintenance control management in the photovoltaic power station is carried out, an unmanned aerial vehicle body can be used for inspection and dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel can be monitored. When shooting a real-time image of the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the light intensity leads to insufficient dust contrast in the captured image and the shooting angle is not parallel to the photovoltaic panel installation angle, which leads to image deformation. In the process of the unmanned aerial vehicle body flight inspection, the reliability of the captured real-time image is guaranteed. In addition, during the inspection process, the consolidation of the photovoltaic panel surface with a low degree of consolidation can be cleaned in time to avoid the increase of subsequent cleaning difficulty and cleaning cost due to the increase of subsequent consolidation degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station, and in particular to an intelligent operation and maintenance control system and device for a photovoltaic power station applied in the field of photovoltaic power stations. Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic power station is a system that uses solar energy to generate electricity. It consists of solar panels, inverters and other electronic components, and is connected to the power grid to transmit electricity to the grid. As one of the green power development energy projects that the country encourages the most, photovoltaic power stations play an important role in promoting energy structure transformation and achieving the "dual carbon" goals. The dust on its surface has a great interference factor on the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, it needs to be monitored and processed during the operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power stations.

[0003] The specification of Chinese invention patent CN115861855B discloses a method and system for operation and maintenance monitoring of photovoltaic power stations. The application can adaptively adjust the inspection cycle according to meteorological information and the results of this inspection, so as to accurately obtain the cleaning time of photovoltaic panels, reduce the operation frequency, and greatly reduce the operation and maintenance monitoring cost of photovoltaic panels.

[0004] The above invention reduces the operation and maintenance monitoring cost by adjusting the inspection cycle. However, in the actual inspection process, there are many types of dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, which are divided into dry floating dust, sticky floating dust and solidified matter. The degree of solidification of the solidified matter will increase with the passage of time, and the degree of damage to the photovoltaic panel will increase during subsequent cleaning, which will indirectly lead to an increase in the operation and maintenance control cost. In addition, the intensity of light during shooting will also interfere with the contrast of dust. The difference in shooting angles will cause differences in the actual area of ​​the dust photographed, resulting in fundamental errors in the original images obtained by the drone, which will increase the errors in the subsequent image processing results and reduce the accuracy of operation and maintenance monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to minimize the error of the initial image by adjusting the shooting angle and the flight altitude during the operation and maintenance inspection of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power station by using drones. At the same time, during the inspection process, the solidified materials on the surface of the photovoltaic panels are cleaned in real time to avoid the increase of the degree of solidification of the solidified materials, which leads to an increase in the difficulty of subsequent cleaning.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station, including a ground auxiliary module and an image shooting module, an image processing module, an inspection planning module, and an inspection cleaning module installed on a drone body;

[0007] The image capture module is used to obtain real-time images of photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power station;

[0008] The image processing module is used to process the real-time image acquired by the image shooting module, and includes a grayscale processing unit, a ratio analysis unit, and a coordinate recording unit. The grayscale processing unit is used to perform grayscale processing on the real-time image of the image shooting module to obtain a grayscale processed image. The ratio analysis unit is used to perform brightness ratio and dust ratio analysis on the grayscale processed head image. The brightness ratio analysis is used to analyze whether there is concretion on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The dust ratio analysis is used to analyze the ratio of the dust layout area on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The coordinate recording unit is used to record the coordinate information of the photovoltaic panel that shoots the real-time image;

[0009] The inspection planning module is used to plan inspection routes;

[0010] The ground auxiliary module is used to provide the image shooting module with meteorological information before the inspection and the installation angle information of the photovoltaic panels during the inspection, adjust the shooting angle and inspection height of the image shooting module during the inspection, and arrange manual cleaning of the photovoltaic panels;

[0011] The inspection and cleaning module is used to clean the concretions on the surface of the photovoltaic panels found during the inspection process in real time.

[0012] In the above-mentioned intelligent operation and maintenance control system for photovoltaic power stations, when inspecting and monitoring the dust on the surface of photovoltaic panels, the reliability of the real-time images taken is guaranteed, and the solidified materials can be cleaned in time during the inspection process to avoid the increase in costs caused by the subsequent increase in the degree of consolidation.

[0013] As a further improvement of this application, the working steps of the system are as follows:

[0014] S1. During the inspection, according to the meteorological information provided by the ground auxiliary module, the wind force, wind direction, light intensity and the installation tilt angle data of the photovoltaic panels in multiple areas of the photovoltaic power station on the inspection day are obtained;

[0015] S2. According to the wind force, wind direction and light intensity data of the inspection day, the inspection route is planned using the inspection planning module, and the inspection altitude is adjusted according to the light intensity data. When the light intensity is lower than the set threshold, the flight altitude is lowered, and the flight altitude is inversely proportional to the light intensity;

[0016] S3, when taking real-time images of the photovoltaic panels during inspection, adjusting the angle of the image capture module so that it is parallel to the installation angle of the photovoltaic panels, and then transmitting the real-time images to the image processing module;

[0017] S4, performing grayscale processing on the real-time image using the grayscale processing unit, and then transmitting the grayscale processed image to the proportion analysis unit for analysis;

[0018] S5. If the analysis result of the brightness ratio analysis shows that there is a consolidation, directly proceed to S7. If there is no consolidation, it is necessary to check the analysis result of the dust ratio analysis. If the dust area ratio of the photovoltaic panel area exceeds the set safety threshold, proceed to S6. If it does not exceed the set safety threshold, inspect the photovoltaic panels in the next area.

[0019] S6. Lower the inspection height and use the wind generated by the drone body during flight to clean the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel;

[0020] S7. Use the inspection and cleaning module to clean the consolidation. After cleaning once, take parallel real-time images of the photovoltaic panel surface twice to check the cleaning effect of the consolidation and compare them. If the ratio of the residual consolidation to the amount before cleaning exceeds the preset threshold, it is necessary to notify the ground auxiliary module to perform manual cleaning.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present application, S6 includes the following steps:

[0022] S61, after purging, take a second parallel shot of the real-time image of the photovoltaic panel surface, and compare it with the grayscale processed image in S4 to check the degree of difference;

[0023] S62, if the difference exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates that the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is in a sticky and greasy state, and at this time, the ground auxiliary module is notified to perform manual cleaning;

[0024] S63. If the difference is within the preset threshold, it indicates that the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is in a floating dust state and no manual cleaning is required.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present application, the inspection planning module uses the RRT algorithm to plan the inspection route, and a plurality of charging stations for supplying charging to the drone body are provided in the photovoltaic power station.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present application, S7 also includes the following steps: if the solidified matter cannot be cleaned up in S7, the coordinate information of the photovoltaic panel is notified to the ground auxiliary module by the recording unit for manual cleaning.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present application, an auxiliary cleaning module is also included for cleaning the surface of the shooting tool used by the image shooting module.

[0028] As another improvement of the present application, an operation and maintenance control device for a photovoltaic power station includes a drone body to realize an intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station, wherein a solar panel is installed on the top surface of the drone body, a control box is installed inside the drone body, a shooting lens as a shooting tool is rotatably installed on the surface of the control box, and a micro servo motor for adjusting the shooting angle of the shooting lens is installed inside the control box, a small motor is installed on the bottom of the drone body through a bracket, a winding rod is connected to the output end of the small motor, a cleaning rope is wound around the surface of the winding rod, two core tubes are installed inside the cleaning rope, one of the core tubes is designed with multiple cavities inside, and each cavity is filled with electrorheological fluid and conductive wire, and a pressure sensing belt is installed on the surface of the cleaning rope near the tail end.

[0029] As another improved supplement to the present application, two hoses with diameters smaller than the radius of the cleaning rope are connected to the surface of the cleaning rope, and water outlets in opposite directions are respectively opened on the surfaces of the two hoses. The tail end of the other core tube extends to the interior of the water tank. The drone body is equipped with a water tank, and the interior of the water tank is connected to the tail end of the other core tube through a small suction pump. A cleaning hoop is installed at the bottom of the bracket and is sleeved on the outside of the cleaning rope and the hose.

[0030] As another improvement supplement of the present application, an annular cleaning ring is slidably installed on the surface of the control box, and the surface of the shooting lens is in contact with the inner wall of the cleaning ring during the raising and lowering process of the shooting lens. A micro motor is installed inside the control box, and the output end of the micro motor is connected to a gear, and the gear is in meshing contact with the ring gear on the outer surface of the cleaning ring. A bracket is installed inside the control box, and the bracket is in slidable contact with the annular groove on the top of the cleaning ring.

[0031] To sum up, when conducting operation and maintenance control management in photovoltaic power stations, the drone body can be used for inspection and to monitor the dust on the surface of photovoltaic panels. When taking real-time images of the surface of photovoltaic panels, factors such as insufficient dust contrast in the captured images due to light intensity and image deformation caused by the shooting angle not being parallel to the installation angle of the photovoltaic panels are taken into consideration. During the flight inspection of the drone body, the reliability of the real-time images taken is guaranteed. In addition, during the inspection process, the consolidation materials with low consolidation degree on the surface of photovoltaic panels can be cleaned up in time to avoid the increase of subsequent cleaning difficulty and cleaning cost due to the subsequent increase of consolidation degree. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a system composition diagram of the first implementation mode of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the drone body inspecting the photovoltaic panel in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a state diagram of the first embodiment of the present application in which the shooting angle of the drone body during inspection is parallel to the installation angle of the photovoltaic panel;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drone body and the cleaning rope according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is an installation diagram of the drone body, the small motor and the cleaning hoop according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 A diagram of a cleaning rope and hose according to a second embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a working state diagram of the cleaning rope according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cleaning ring of the second embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0041] 1. Drone body; 2. Shooting lens; 3. Small motor; 4. Cleaning rope; 5. Hose; 6. Cleaning hoop; 7. Water tank; 8. Gear; 9. Micro motor; 10. Cleaning ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Two implementation modes of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The first implementation method:

[0044] Figure 1 An intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station is shown, including a ground auxiliary module and an image shooting module, an image processing module, an inspection planning module, and an inspection cleaning module installed on a drone body 1;

[0045] The image capture module is used to obtain real-time images of photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power station;

[0046] The image processing module is used to process the real-time image acquired by the image shooting module, and includes a grayscale processing unit, a ratio analysis unit, and a coordinate recording unit. The grayscale processing unit is used to perform grayscale processing on the real-time image of the image shooting module to obtain a grayscale processed image. The ratio analysis unit is used to perform brightness ratio and dust ratio analysis on the grayscale processed head image. The brightness ratio analysis is used to analyze whether there is concretion on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The dust ratio analysis is used to analyze the ratio of the dust layout area on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The coordinate recording unit is used to record the coordinate information of the photovoltaic panel that shoots the real-time image;

[0047] The inspection planning module is used to plan inspection routes;

[0048] The ground auxiliary module is used to provide the image shooting module with meteorological information before the inspection and the installation angle information of the photovoltaic panels during the inspection, adjust the shooting angle and inspection height of the image shooting module during the inspection, and arrange manual cleaning of the photovoltaic panels;

[0049] The inspection and cleaning module is used to clean the concretions on the surface of the photovoltaic panels found during the inspection process in real time.

[0050] Specifically, in the present application, by utilizing the meteorological information and photovoltaic panel installation tilt angle information provided by the ground auxiliary module, during the actual operation and maintenance inspection process, when the outdoor light intensity is weak (hard light, such as direct sunlight, will produce strong shadows and contrast, which may make the dust on the photovoltaic panel more obvious, while soft light, such as light on a cloudy day, can provide more uniform and soft lighting, which helps to reduce shadows and highlights, thereby making the dust less conspicuous, resulting in dust being difficult to identify and contrast during subsequent image processing), the inspection height is lowered, thereby making the captured real-time image clearer. In addition, when the real-time image is captured during the inspection, if the shooting angle is not parallel to the installation angle of the photovoltaic panel, the size of the real-time image of the photovoltaic panel captured will be different from the actual size (similar to shooting from directly above an object, which will cause the captured image of the object to be deformed, or the height difference will cause the upper object to block the lower object, resulting in incomplete information in the captured image). By adjusting the shooting angle and the shooting height during the inspection, the shooting angle is parallel to the installation angle of the photovoltaic panel (such as Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown), the real-time image acquired by the image capture module can be more representative, providing real and reliable information for subsequent image processing and corresponding operation and maintenance monitoring.

[0051] In addition, the inspection and cleaning module can clean the consolidation in real time to prevent the consolidation degree of the photovoltaic panel from increasing due to the failure to clean the consolidation in time (as time goes by, the consolidation degree will increase, and the subsequent cleaning will become more difficult. The damage to the surface of the photovoltaic panel will also increase during cleaning, which will indirectly lead to an increase in the operation and maintenance cost of the photovoltaic power station).

[0052] The system works in the following steps:

[0053] S1. During the inspection, according to the meteorological information provided by the ground auxiliary module, the wind force, wind direction, light intensity and the installation tilt angle data of the photovoltaic panels in multiple areas of the photovoltaic power station on the inspection day are obtained;

[0054] S2. According to the wind force, wind direction and light intensity data of the inspection day, the inspection route is planned using the inspection planning module, and the inspection altitude is adjusted according to the light intensity data. When the light intensity is lower than the set threshold, the flight altitude is lowered, and the flight altitude is inversely proportional to the light intensity;

[0055] S3, when taking real-time images of the photovoltaic panels during inspection, adjusting the angle of the image capture module so that it is parallel to the installation angle of the photovoltaic panels, and then transmitting the real-time images to the image processing module;

[0056] S4, performing grayscale processing on the real-time image using the grayscale processing unit, and then transmitting the grayscale processed image to the proportion analysis unit for analysis;

[0057] S5. If the analysis result of the brightness ratio analysis shows that there is a consolidation, directly proceed to S7. If there is no consolidation, it is necessary to check the analysis result of the dust ratio analysis. If the dust area ratio of the photovoltaic panel area exceeds the set safety threshold, proceed to S6. If it does not exceed the set safety threshold, inspect the photovoltaic panels in the next area.

[0058] S6. Lower the inspection height and use the wind force generated by the drone body 1 during flight to clean the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel;

[0059] S7. Use the inspection and cleaning module to clean the consolidation. After cleaning once, take parallel real-time images of the photovoltaic panel surface twice to check the cleaning effect of the consolidation and compare them. If the ratio of the residual consolidation to the amount before cleaning exceeds the preset threshold, it is necessary to notify the ground auxiliary module to perform manual cleaning.

[0060] S6 includes the following steps:

[0061] S61, after purging, take a second parallel shot of the real-time image of the photovoltaic panel surface, and compare it with the grayscale processed image in S4 to check the degree of difference;

[0062] S62, if the difference exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates that the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is in a sticky and greasy state, and at this time, the ground auxiliary module is notified to perform manual cleaning;

[0063] S63. If the difference is within the preset threshold, it indicates that the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is in a floating dust state and no manual cleaning is required.

[0064] Specifically, during the inspection, if solidified objects are found, the drone body 1 uses the inspection and cleaning module to clean the solidified objects. After cleaning once, the real-time image of the photovoltaic panel surface is taken twice in parallel to check the cleaning effect of the solidified objects and compare them. If the ratio of the residual amount of solidified objects to the amount before cleaning exceeds the preset threshold, it is necessary to notify the ground auxiliary module to perform manual cleaning. If there are no solidified objects, it is necessary to judge the ratio of the area occupied by dust on the photovoltaic panel surface to the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel. If the ratio exceeds the set safety threshold, the drone body 1 lowers the flight altitude to blow the surface. After blowing, the panel is shot again to compare the distribution difference of the dust arrangement area on the panel surface before and after blowing. If the difference is obvious, it indicates that the dust on the panel surface is mostly floating dust, which is easier to clean. Otherwise, it is dust impurities with sticky properties, and it is necessary to notify manual cleaning in time.

[0065] The inspection planning module uses the RRT algorithm to plan the inspection route, and the photovoltaic power station is equipped with multiple charging stations for supplying charging to the drone body 1.

[0066] S7 also includes the following steps: if the solidified matter cannot be cleaned off in S7, the coordinate information of the photovoltaic panel is notified to the ground auxiliary module by using the recording unit for manual cleaning.

[0067] Specifically, if the consolidation degree of the consolidation objects found during the inspection is relatively large, it is difficult for the inspection and cleaning module to clean them effectively, and manual cleaning is required as soon as possible.

[0068] It also includes an auxiliary cleaning module for cleaning the surface of the shooting tool used by the image shooting module.

[0069] Specifically, by cleaning the surface of the shooting tool, the reliability and authenticity of the real-time image captured can be guaranteed.

[0070] The second implementation method:

[0071] Figure 4-Figure 6 An operation and maintenance control device for a photovoltaic power station is shown, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle body 1, so as to realize an intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station, wherein a solar panel is installed on the top surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1, a control box is installed inside the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1, a shooting lens 2 as a shooting tool is rotatably installed on the surface of the control box, and a micro servo motor for adjusting the shooting angle of the shooting lens 2 is installed inside the control box, a small motor 3 is installed on the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 through a bracket, a winding rod is connected to the output end of the small motor 3, a cleaning rope 4 is wound around the surface of the winding rod, two core tubes are installed inside the cleaning rope 4, one of the core tubes is designed with multiple cavities inside, and each cavity is filled with electrorheological fluid and conductive wire, and a pressure sensing belt is installed on the surface of the cleaning rope 4 near the tail end.

[0072] The surface of the cleaning rope 4 is connected to two hoses 5 with a diameter smaller than the radius of the cleaning rope 4. The surfaces of the two hoses 5 are respectively provided with water outlets in opposite directions. The tail end of the other core tube extends to the inside of the water tank 7. The drone body 1 is equipped with the water tank 7, and the inside of the water tank 7 is connected to the tail end of the other core tube through a small suction pump. A cleaning hoop 6 is installed at the bottom of the bracket and is sleeved on the outside of the cleaning rope 4 and the hose 5.

[0073] Specifically, the other end of the other core tube is connected to the position near the end of the hose 5 through a branch pipe with a small electronic valve installed on the surface, and the distance between the connection point between the core tube and the hose 5 and the tail end of the hose 5 is slightly larger than the width of the photovoltaic panel, so that the surface of the photovoltaic panel can be effectively covered when the hose 5 discharges water subsequently.

[0074] When the inspection and cleaning module is cleaning the concretions on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the drone body 1 first flies to the top of the photovoltaic panel, and then uses the small motor 3 to release the cleaning rope 4, so that the cleaning rope 4 falls to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and then continues to release the cleaning rope 4 while the drone body 1 flies forward for a distance, so that the tail end of the cleaning rope 4 overlapped on the photovoltaic panel completely crosses the photovoltaic panel (that is, the length of the cleaning rope 4 falling on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is greater than the width of the photovoltaic panel). After that, the conductive wire is energized to solidify the cleaning rope 4, and water is injected into the inside of the other core tube to increase the overall gravity of the cleaning rope 4 (with a better cleaning and scraping effect). After that, the drone body 1 flies horizontally (moves along the length direction of the photovoltaic panel) to form a scraping treatment on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, which can scrape and clean the concretions with a small degree of consolidation (the degree of consolidation is low, which may be caused by the initial consolidation) (such as Figure 7 As shown), after the cleaning is completed, the cleaning rope 4 is reeled in and lifted (the power is turned off at this time, so that the cleaning rope 4 is easy to reel in), and the surface of the cleaning rope 4 can be cleaned through the cleaning hoop 6.

[0075] When the degree of consolidation is slightly higher (that is, the solidified cleaning rope 4 encounters a small amount of resistance when moving for scraping and cleaning), when the drone body 1 is flying horizontally, a small electronic valve can be activated to open the branch pipe, releasing a small amount of clean water to the surface of the cleaning rope 4, which can soften the solidified material and facilitate the scraping and cleaning of the solidified cleaning rope 4 (the two water outlets are in opposite directions, so that no matter which hose 5 on the surface of the cleaning rope 4 is in contact with the photovoltaic panel, water can be effectively discharged to the surface of the photovoltaic panel).

[0076] Figure 8As shown, an annular cleaning ring 10 is slidably installed on the surface of the control box, and the surface of the shooting lens 2 is in contact with the inner wall of the cleaning ring 10 during the lifting and lowering process of the shooting lens 2. A micro motor 9 is installed inside the control box, and the output end of the micro motor 9 is connected to a gear 8, and the gear 8 is in meshing contact with the gear ring on the outer surface of the cleaning ring 10. A bracket is installed inside the control box, and the bracket is in slidable contact with the annular groove on the top of the cleaning ring 10.

[0077] Specifically, after a single shooting of the shooting lens 2 is completed, it is necessary to raise and tilt (that is, rotate to drive the shooting lens 2 to move upward) a certain angle so that the lens surface of the shooting lens 2 (the angle can be adjusted with the help of another motor in the control box, and the output end of the motor is connected to the surface of the shooting lens 2) is in contact with the inner wall of the cleaning ring 10 exposed above the shooting lens 2 to clean the lens surface. After that, the shooting lens 2 returns to its original shooting angle, and then the micro motor 9 and the gear 8 are used to indirectly drive the cleaning ring 10 to rotate, switching the subsequent part in contact with the shooting lens 2 to ensure the effectiveness of cleaning.

[0078] The support is provided to constrain but not affect the rotation of the cleaning ring 10 .

[0079] In summary, when performing operation and maintenance control management within a photovoltaic power station, the present application can use the drone body 1 to conduct inspections and monitor the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. When taking real-time images of the surface of the photovoltaic panel, factors such as insufficient dust contrast in the captured image due to light intensity and image deformation caused by the shooting angle not being parallel to the photovoltaic panel installation angle are taken into consideration. During the flight inspection of the drone body 1, the reliability of the real-time images taken is guaranteed. In addition, during the inspection process, the consolidations on the surface of the photovoltaic panel with a low degree of consolidation can be cleaned up in time to avoid the subsequent increase in the degree of consolidation, which leads to an increase in the difficulty and cost of subsequent cleaning.

[0080] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station, characterized in that: It comprises a ground auxiliary module and an image shooting module, an image processing module, an inspection planning module, and an inspection cleaning module installed on the drone body (1); The image capture module is used to obtain real-time images of photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power station; The image processing module is used to process the real-time image acquired by the image shooting module, and includes a grayscale processing unit, a ratio analysis unit, and a coordinate recording unit. The grayscale processing unit is used to perform grayscale processing on the real-time image of the image shooting module to obtain a grayscale processed image. The ratio analysis unit is used to perform brightness ratio and dust ratio analysis on the grayscale processed head image. The brightness ratio analysis is used to analyze whether there is concretion on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The dust ratio analysis is used to analyze the ratio of the dust layout area on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The coordinate recording unit is used to record the coordinate information of the photovoltaic panel that shoots the real-time image; The inspection planning module is used to plan inspection routes; The ground auxiliary module is used to provide the image shooting module with meteorological information before the inspection and the installation angle information of the photovoltaic panels during the inspection, adjust the shooting angle and inspection height of the image shooting module during the inspection, and arrange manual cleaning of the photovoltaic panels; The inspection and cleaning module is used to clean the concretions on the surface of the photovoltaic panels found during the inspection process in real time.

2. The intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system works in the following steps: S1. During the inspection, according to the meteorological information provided by the ground auxiliary module, the wind force, wind direction, light intensity and the installation tilt angle data of the photovoltaic panels in multiple areas of the photovoltaic power station on the inspection day are obtained; S2. According to the wind force, wind direction and light intensity data of the inspection day, the inspection route is planned using the inspection planning module, and the inspection altitude is adjusted according to the light intensity data. When the light intensity is lower than the set threshold, the flight altitude is lowered, and the flight altitude is inversely proportional to the light intensity; S3, when taking real-time images of the photovoltaic panels during inspection, adjusting the angle of the image capture module so that it is parallel to the installation angle of the photovoltaic panels, and then transmitting the real-time images to the image processing module; S4, performing grayscale processing on the real-time image using the grayscale processing unit, and then transmitting the grayscale processed image to the proportion analysis unit for analysis; S5. If the analysis result of the brightness ratio analysis shows that there is a consolidation, directly proceed to S7. If there is no consolidation, it is necessary to check the analysis result of the dust ratio analysis. If the dust area ratio of the photovoltaic panel area exceeds the set safety threshold, proceed to S6. If it does not exceed the set safety threshold, inspect the photovoltaic panels in the next area. S6, lowering the inspection height, and using the wind force generated by the drone body (1) during flight to blow away the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; S7. Use the inspection and cleaning module to clean the consolidation. After cleaning once, take parallel real-time images of the photovoltaic panel surface twice to check the cleaning effect of the consolidation and compare them. If the ratio of the residual consolidation to the amount before cleaning exceeds the preset threshold, it is necessary to notify the ground auxiliary module to perform manual cleaning.

3. The intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S6 comprises the following steps: S61, after purging, take a second parallel shot of the real-time image of the photovoltaic panel surface, and compare it with the grayscale processed image in S4 to check the degree of difference; S62, if the difference exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates that the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is in a sticky and greasy state, and at this time, the ground auxiliary module is notified to perform manual cleaning; S63. If the difference is within the preset threshold, it indicates that the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is in a floating dust state and no manual cleaning is required.

4. The intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inspection planning module uses the RRT algorithm to plan the inspection route, and a plurality of charging stations for supplying charging to the drone body (1) are provided in the photovoltaic power station.

5. The intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S7 further includes the following steps: if the solidified matter cannot be cleaned off in S7, the coordinate information of the photovoltaic panel is notified to the ground auxiliary module by the recording unit for manual cleaning.

6. The intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary cleaning module for cleaning the surface of the shooting tool used by the image shooting module.

7. An operation and maintenance control device for a photovoltaic power station, characterized in that: The invention comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) body (1) to realize an intelligent operation and maintenance control system for a photovoltaic power station as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a solar panel is installed on the top surface of the UAV body (1), a control box is installed inside the UAV body (1), a shooting lens (2) as a shooting tool is rotatably installed on the surface of the control box, and a micro servo motor for adjusting the shooting angle of the shooting lens (2) is installed inside the control box, a small motor (3) is installed at the bottom of the UAV body (1) through a bracket, the output end of the small motor (3) is connected to a winding rod, a cleaning rope (4) is wound around the surface of the winding rod, two core tubes are installed inside the cleaning rope (4), one of the core tubes has a plurality of cavities inside, and each cavity is filled with electrorheological fluid and conductive wire, and a pressure sensing belt is installed on the surface of the cleaning rope (4) near the tail end.

8. The photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface of the cleaning rope (4) is connected to two hoses (5) whose diameters are smaller than the radius of the cleaning rope (4); the surfaces of the two hoses (5) are respectively provided with water outlets in opposite directions; the tail end of the other core tube extends to the inside of a water tank (7); the drone body (1) is equipped with a water tank (7); the inside of the water tank (7) is connected to the tail end of the other core tube via a small suction pump; and a cleaning hoop (6) is installed at the bottom of the bracket and is sleeved on the outside of the cleaning rope (4) and the hose (5).

9. The photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: An annular cleaning ring (10) is slidably mounted on the surface of the control box, and the surface of the shooting lens (2) is in close contact with the inner wall of the cleaning ring (10) during the process of raising and lowering the shooting lens (2). A micro motor (9) is mounted inside the control box, and the output end of the micro motor (9) is connected to a gear (8), and The gear (8) is in meshing contact with the gear ring on the outer surface of the cleaning ring (10), and a bracket is installed inside the control box. The bracket is in sliding contact with the annular groove on the top of the cleaning ring (10).

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