Controller input interface circuit and zone controller

Abstract

The present application provides a controller input interface circuit and a zone controller, which relate to the technical field of electronic circuits. The circuit comprises: a power control module and a follower module composed of a switch module and a reference source module; the power control module is connected to the input end of the circuit, and the switch module is used to connect the power supply to the circuit when the circuit has no voltage or is in a low-level state; the reference source module is used to provide a reference source for the circuit when there is no input signal to the circuit; the input end of the circuit can receive an input signal from at least one type of sensor; the follower module is located between the output end of the circuit and the power control module; the follower module is used to perform input impedance matching so that the voltage range of the input signal is within the allowable range of the circuit; the output end of the circuit outputs an output signal. The above circuit allows receiving multiple types of sensor input signals, improves the flexibility of controller application, and reduces the demand for a large number of fixed input interfaces, thereby reducing hardware cost and complexity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and in particular to a controller input interface circuit and a zone controller. Background Art

[0002] Modern cars are equipped with various types of sensors to support functions such as Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), body control, and power system management. The signals output by these sensors are in various forms, including analog voltage signals, analog resistance signals, digital high-valid signals, digital low-valid signals, etc. Different models and configurations may require different types and quantities of sensors, resulting in large differences in the types and channels of signal input.

[0003] Since the zone controller is used to process various types of sensor signals, it is required to have diverse input interfaces and signal processing capabilities. In order to improve the flexibility and scalability of the application, a large number of input interfaces are usually reserved in the zone controller.

[0004] However, since many interfaces may not be used in a specific configuration, reserving too many input interfaces may result in a waste of resources, and too many reserved interfaces increase hardware cost and complexity. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a controller input interface circuit and a zone controller, so that the input interface circuit is compatible with multiple types of sensors such as AI, RI, IDH, IDL, etc., and the collection of physical quantities of the input interface can be achieved through only one set of circuits without changing the circuit design, which not only reduces resource waste but also reduces the hardware cost of the controller.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a controller input interface circuit, the circuit comprising: a power control module and a follower module; the power control module comprises a switch module and a reference source module;

[0007] The power control module is connected to the input end of the circuit; wherein the switch module is used to connect the power supply to the circuit when the circuit has no voltage or is in a low-level state; the reference source module is used to provide a reference source for the circuit when there is no input signal to the circuit; the input end of the circuit is used to receive an input signal from at least one type of sensor;

[0008] The output end of the circuit is connected to the power control module through a follower module; the follower module is used to perform input impedance matching so that the voltage range of the input signal is within the allowable range of the circuit; the output end of the circuit is used to output an output signal within the allowable range of the circuit.

[0009] The controller input interface circuit provided in the present application allows receiving various types of sensor input signals through the coordinated work of the switch module, the reference source module and the follower module, thereby improving the flexibility of the application of the controller analog input interface, reducing the demand for a large number of fixed input interfaces, thereby reducing hardware cost and complexity, allowing users to replace or add different types of sensors as needed, and only using one set of circuits to achieve the acquisition of input interface physical quantities without changing the circuit design; wherein, based on the use of the follower module, input impedance matching can be performed to ensure that the voltage range of the sensor input signal is within the allowable range of the circuit, which not only improves the integrity and accuracy of the signal, but also prevents signal distortion and ensures that the circuit can correctly process the input signal. Because the follower module in the circuit optimizes the voltage range of the signal, the circuit can process a variety of sensor signal types, and when the circuit has no voltage or is in a low-level state, the switch module is responsible for connecting the power supply to the circuit. This dynamic power management method can ensure that the circuit is connected to the power supply only when needed, and when there is no input signal, the reference source module provides a stable reference voltage, reducing misoperation caused by floating signals. The design of the above-mentioned power control module ensures the stability and accuracy of the circuit under various operating conditions.

[0010] Therefore, the controller input interface circuit design makes the circuit design more concise by integrating the power control module and the follower module. This modular design reduces the complexity of the circuit, thereby making the controller design and integration process simpler. This not only reduces development time and reserved resources, but also reduces the controller hardware cost and reduces the size of the controller, effectively solving the problems of resource waste, increased hardware cost and increased complexity caused by reserving a large number of input interfaces in the existing regional controller.

[0011] Optionally, the input end of the switch module is connected to the pull-up power supply, and is used to control the switch module to be in a connected state with the pull-up power supply through the controller when the circuit has no voltage or is in a low-level state; the output end of the switch module is respectively connected to the input end of the reference source module and the input end of the follower module;

[0012] The output end of the reference source module is connected to the ground wire.

[0013] In the present application, through the control of the switch module, the circuit can dynamically connect or disconnect the power supply as needed to meet the needs of different types of sensors. By connecting the output end of the reference source module to the ground wire, the reference source module provides a reference source for the circuit when there is no input signal. This allows the circuit to maintain stable performance and reduce errors and faults caused by voltage fluctuations. This modular design method simplifies the overall design of the circuit, makes the functional separation between different modules clear, and facilitates debugging and maintenance.

[0014] Optionally, the switch module includes a metal oxide semiconductor MOS field effect transistor and a pull-up resistor; the pull-up power supply and the input end of the pull-up resistor are connected through the MOS field effect transistor, and the output end of the pull-up resistor is respectively connected to the input end of the reference source module and the input end of the follower module.

[0015] In the present application, by integrating the MOS field effect transistor and the pull-up resistor in the switch module, the circuit design can be simplified and the number and complexity of external components can be reduced. The pull-up resistor can effectively prevent the input end from floating, ensuring that the circuit maintains a stable logic state when there is no other signal input, and the MOS field effect transistor can provide efficient power control.

[0016] Optionally, the reference source module is a pull-down resistor.

[0017] Therefore, the present application uses a pull-down resistor as a reference source module. The pull-down resistor is a simple and low-cost device that does not require complex circuits or additional components, thereby reducing the complexity of design and manufacturing and significantly reducing material costs.

[0018] Optionally, the follower module is an operational amplifier; the output of the operational amplifier is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier, and the output of the operational amplifier is also connected to the output of the circuit; the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier is connected to the output of the switch module.

[0019] In this application, the voltage follower provides signal isolation between input and output, preventing the influence of load changes on the signal source, and helping to improve the stability and reliability of the circuit. By selecting a suitable operational amplifier, it can be ensured that the output voltage range is wide enough to cover the required input signal range, and using an operational amplifier as a voltage follower is a simple and effective circuit design strategy that reduces the need for complex gain adjustment.

[0020] Optionally, the circuit further includes: an electrostatic protection module;

[0021] The input end of the electrostatic protection module is connected to the input end of the circuit to provide electrostatic protection for the circuit; the output end of the electrostatic protection module is connected to the ground wire.

[0022] Therefore, the electrostatic protection module can reduce damage to sensitive components in the circuit, protect these components from damage, improve the reliability of the circuit, and reduce the maintenance and replacement costs caused by electrostatic problems. Through effective electrostatic protection, the controller can operate stably in an electrostatic environment and avoid false triggering caused by electrostatic discharge.

[0023] Optionally, the electrostatic protection module is an electrostatic discharge (ESD) diode.

[0024] The electrostatic protection module uses an ESD diode, which can respond to electrostatic discharge events within nanoseconds and quickly direct the electrostatic energy to the ground (GND). This fast response can protect other electronic components in the circuit from damage by transient voltages. In addition, the ESD diode is usually small in size and easy to integrate into various circuit board designs.

[0025] Optionally, the circuit further includes: a low-pass filter module; a connection point between the input end of the circuit and the output end of the switch module and the input end of the follower module is connected through the low-pass filter module to filter high-frequency interference signals.

[0026] Therefore, before entering the follower module, the input signal first passes through the low-pass filter module to effectively filter out high-frequency noise and interference signals, help maintain the integrity of the signal, ensure that the signal is not distorted during transmission, and improve the signal acquisition accuracy of components in subsequent circuits.

[0027] Optionally, the low-pass filter module is composed of a first resistor and a capacitor connected in series; the output end of the low-pass filter module is output from the connection point of the first resistor and the capacitor; the input end of the circuit is connected to the connection point of the output end of the switch module and the input end of the first resistor, and the output end of the capacitor is connected to the ground wire.

[0028] The RC low-pass filter composed of the first resistor and the capacitor is simple in design, easy to implement, and low in cost. In addition, the RC low-pass filter effectively reduces high-frequency noise and interference by attenuating high-frequency signals, ensuring that the signal is not distorted during transmission. Filtering out high-frequency interference signals can protect subsequent circuits from the influence of high-frequency noise, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire circuit.

[0029] Optionally, the circuit further includes: an overvoltage protection module; the input end of the overvoltage protection module is connected to the output end of the follower module, and the output end of the overvoltage protection module is connected to the output end of the circuit.

[0030] In this application, by adding an overvoltage protection module to the circuit, excessive voltage can be prevented from damaging sensitive electronic components, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the entire circuit. Overvoltage protection can not only protect the circuit itself, but also prevent safety hazards caused by circuit failures, thereby enhancing safety.

[0031] Optionally, the overvoltage protection module includes a transient voltage suppression TVS diode and a second resistor; the connection point of the TVS diode and the second resistor is connected to the output end of the follower module, the output end of the TVS diode is connected to the ground wire, and the output end of the second resistor is connected to the output end of the circuit.

[0032] In the present application, the overvoltage protection module integrating TVS diode and resistor is simple in design, easy to implement and low in cost. Moreover, the TVS diode can absorb a large amount of transient energy, prevent overvoltage from damaging the circuit, improve reliability and reduce failures caused by overvoltage.

[0033] Optionally, at least one type includes an analog voltage input AI, an analog resistance input RI with an external pull-up power supply, an RI without an external pull-up power supply, a digital high-level valid input IDH, and a digital low-level valid input IDL.

[0034] In this way, the acquisition of multiple input types is flexibly supported through software configuration, which not only improves adaptability and flexibility, but also simplifies hardware design so that the same circuit can adapt to different application scenarios.

[0035] Optionally, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is RI without an external pull-up power supply, the controller controls the switch module to be in a connected state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and the output signal is output;

[0036] After the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a first voltage of the output signal and determine a first resistance of the sensor according to the first voltage.

[0037] In the above circuit, by connecting the pull-up power supply, the current path required for resistance measurement is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of resistance measurement, and by using the internal pull-up power supply, the dependence on the external power supply is reduced, simplifying the controller integration and wiring complexity. In this way, through the above circuit, the controller can read and process the signal in real time and quickly calculate the sensor resistance value, which is suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and feedback, and through software control of the switch module, the dependence on external hardware is reduced, making the circuit design more concise and cost-effective.

[0038] Optionally, the first resistor Rx is calculated according to the following formula:

[0039] Rx=U1*R 4 / (U2-U1)

[0040] Among them, U1 is the first voltage, U2 is the voltage of the pull-up power supply, R 4 is the resistance value of the pull-up resistor in the switch module.

[0041] The above formula can be used to accurately determine the resistance value of the sensor using the known voltage and resistance values.

[0042] Optionally, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is an RI with an external pull-up power supply, the controller controls the switch module to be in an off state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and the output signal is output;

[0043] After the output signal is output, the controller is used to read the second voltage of the output signal and determine the second resistance of the sensor according to the second voltage.

[0044] In the above circuit, by disconnecting the internal pull-up power supply, interference with the external pull-up power supply is avoided, thereby improving the accuracy of resistance measurement, and by utilizing the external pull-up power supply, the dependence on the internal power supply is reduced, simplifying the controller integration and wiring complexity. In this way, through the above circuit, the controller can read and process the signal in real time, quickly calculate the sensor resistance value, and is also suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and feedback, and through software control of the switch module, the dependence on hardware is reduced, making the circuit design simple and reducing costs.

[0045] Optionally, the second resistor Ry is calculated according to the following formula:

[0046] Ry=(U3-U4)*R 3 / U4

[0047] Among them, U3 is the voltage value of the external pull-up power supply, U4 is the second voltage, R 3 Corresponding resistance value of the reference source module.

[0048] Therefore, through the above formula, relying on accurate voltage measurement and known resistance value for calculation, the resistance value of the sensor can be accurately determined, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement.

[0049] Optionally, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is IDH, the controller controls the switch module to be in an off state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and the output signal is output;

[0050] After the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a third voltage of the output signal and determine whether the output signal is valid according to the third voltage.

[0051] Therefore, in the above circuit, the validity of the signal can be quickly judged through simple voltage comparison, which is suitable for digital signal applications that require efficient processing, and through software control and simple voltage comparison, the dependence on complex hardware is reduced, making the circuit design more concise and lower in cost; among them, by disconnecting the switch module, the interference of the internal circuit to the signal is avoided, thereby improving the accuracy of signal judgment, and the controller can read and judge the signal status in real time, which is suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and feedback.

[0052] Optionally, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is IDL, the controller controls the switch module to be in a connected state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and the output signal is output;

[0053] After the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a fourth voltage of the output signal and determine whether the output signal is valid according to the fourth voltage.

[0054] Therefore, in the above circuit, through appropriate signal processing and level conversion, it is possible to better cope with electrical noise and other interferences, improve the robustness of the controller, and reduce the dependence on complex hardware through software control and simple signal processing, making the circuit design more concise and cost-effective; among them, by connecting the switch module, the integrity of the signal path is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of signal judgment, and the controller can read and judge the signal status in real time, which is suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and feedback.

[0055] Optionally, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is AI, the controller controls the switch module to be in an off state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and the output signal is output;

[0056] Wherein, after the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a fifth voltage of the output signal.

[0057] Therefore, in the above circuit, by disconnecting the switch module, the purity of the input signal path can be ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of voltage measurement, and the controller can also read and process the signal in real time, which is suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and feedback. In this application, access to sensor signals can be achieved through software control and simple signal processing, reducing dependence on complex hardware, making the circuit design simpler and more cost-effective.

[0058] Optionally, the reference source module provides a reference source for the circuit when the sensor type is AI, RI and IDH carry external pull-up power supplies, and when there is no input signal to the circuit.

[0059] In this way, the stable reference provided by the reference source module helps the circuit remain stable when there is no input signal, and accurately processes and judges the signal state when the signal appears. In addition, when there is no input signal, the reference source module ensures that the circuit is in a known state to prevent instability caused by floating input.

[0060] Optionally, the controller determines the type of the sensor based on a configuration rule defined in advance, or the controller determines the type of the sensor based on an identified voltage variation of the circuit.

[0061] Therefore, the sensor identification process can be made fast and does not require complex calculations through pre-defined rules, simplifying the processing logic, and the configuration rules can be updated as needed to adapt to new types of sensors. Alternatively, the present application can also automatically identify the sensor type without user intervention, which is suitable for dynamic or changing application environments. Through the above two methods, the controller can effectively identify the sensor type and perform corresponding configuration, improving the flexibility of the application.

[0062] In a second aspect, the present application provides a regional controller, comprising: a single-chip microcomputer MCU, an analog-to-digital converter ADC, and a controller input interface circuit as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0063] In this way, the MCU, ADC and input interface circuit are integrated into one regional controller, which simplifies the design, reduces the number of external components and connection complexity, and can also reduce the number of analog input / output interfaces of the regional controller and the number of plug-in PINs. Due to the programmability of the MCU, the regional controller can be configured and adjusted according to different application requirements to adapt to a variety of sensor and input signal types. In this way, through the configurable input interface, the reserved content of various input interfaces can be reduced, which makes it convenient for the wiring harness to select the most convenient interface and facilitate integration. In addition, the above integrated design integrates analog input and digital input, and realizes the collection of physical quantities of the input interface through a set of circuits, which reduces the demand for external components, reduces the overall cost, and improves reliability.

[0064] In summary, the present application provides a controller input interface circuit and a zone controller, the input interface circuit comprising: a power control module and a follower module, the power control module is connected to the input end of the circuit, wherein the power control module comprises a switch module and a reference source module, the switch module is responsible for connecting the power to the circuit when the circuit detects no voltage or a low level state, this mechanism ensures that the circuit is connected to the power only when needed, and when the circuit has no input signal, the reference source module can provide a stable reference source to prevent signal drift or misoperation, the design of the above power control module can ensure that the circuit can operate reliably under various conditions, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the circuit; the input end of the circuit is designed to receive at least one type of sensor input signal, this design provides flexibility, enabling the circuit to adapt to different types of sensors and input conditions, thereby increasing the compatibility and flexibility of the controller; the output end of the circuit and the power control module The blocks are connected through a follower module, which is used to perform input impedance matching and signal conditioning to ensure that the output signal of the sensor will not be distorted due to the load effect, and adjust the signal voltage range to within the range allowed by the circuit. The use of the follower module optimizes the voltage range of the signal, so that it can adapt to the output characteristics of different sensors; specifically, under the action of the power control module, the input signal of at least one type of sensor is received through the input end of the circuit, and then the input signal is processed by the follower module to control the voltage range of the input signal within the range allowed by the circuit, and then the output end of the circuit outputs the processed output signal; therefore, by integrating the controller input interface circuit in the controller, not only can the controller be connected to a variety of sensor signal types for processing, but also the design and integration process of the controller can be simplified, thereby reducing development time and cost, and improving the scalability of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0066] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 ;

[0068] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 ;

[0069] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of an analog quantity realization circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 ;

[0071] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 ;

[0072] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 ;

[0073] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 ;

[0074] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a controller provides a pull-up source configuration for an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Fig.10 A structural schematic diagram of an external self-contained pull-up source configuration is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Fig.11 A structural schematic diagram of a digital high-effective input configuration is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] Fig.12 A structural schematic diagram of a digital low-effective input configuration is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Fig.13 A structural schematic diagram of an analog voltage input configuration is provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0079] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] In order to facilitate the clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "first", "second" and the like are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. For example, the first device and the second device are only used to distinguish different devices, and their order is not limited. Those skilled in the art can understand that the words "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words "first", "second" and the like do not necessarily limit them to be different.

[0081] It should be noted that, in this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0082] In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0083] First, the terms involved in this application are explained:

[0084] Zone Control Unit (ZCU): refers to the controller used for sensor acquisition, actuator control, and completion of specific functions in a specific area within the vehicle.

[0085] Analog Input (AI): refers to a voltage output sensor signal, such as pedal travel signal, pressure sensor signal, etc.

[0086] Analog resistor input (RI): refers to a variable resistor signal, such as a potentiometer signal, a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) signal, a resistor position switch signal, etc. NTC is a temperature sensor.

[0087] Input Digital High (IDH): refers to a digital high-level effective signal, such as Accessory (ACC) signal, Klemme 15 (KL15) signal, etc.; a digital high-level effective signal means that in a high-level effective signal, when the signal is considered to be valid or activated, its level is high, usually close to the pull-up source voltage, such as 12V or 5V;

[0088] ACC: refers to a position of the car's ignition switch, often called the "accessory" or "auxiliary" position. In this position, the vehicle's power supply powers certain electronic devices, such as the radio, navigation system, and other accessories without starting the engine. This position allows the user to use certain electrical devices without starting the engine;

[0089] KL15: refers to the power source controlled by the ignition switch. When the ignition switch is turned to the "ON" position, the KL15 circuit is activated to power the vehicle's ignition system, fuel pump and other key systems. KL15 is usually used to indicate that the vehicle is ready to start or has been started;

[0090] Input Digital Low (IDL): refers to a digital low-level effective signal, such as key switch, limit switch and other signals;

[0091] As the electronic and electrical architecture of automobiles is moving towards a central computing plus regional control architecture, regional controllers usually access sensor signals with multiple functions, including analog voltage signals, analog resistance signals, digital high-valid signals, digital low-valid signals, etc.; and due to different vehicle configurations and sensor selections, the types of sensor signal inputs and signal channels will also vary greatly. In order to achieve the optimal cost and structural solution, the controller hardware is usually redeveloped according to the configuration requirements of different vehicle models, but the development cycle is long and the scalability is poor.

[0092] In a possible implementation, in order to ensure the scalability of the application, a large number of input interfaces are usually reserved in the regional controller.

[0093] However, since many interfaces may not be used in a specific configuration, reserving too many input interfaces may result in a waste of resources, and too many reserved interfaces increase hardware cost and complexity.

[0094] In response to the above problems, the present application provides a controller input interface circuit, so that the input interface circuit is compatible with multiple types of sensors such as AI, RI, IDH, IDL, etc. The input interface circuit includes: a power control module and a follower module, and the power control module is connected to the input end of the circuit, wherein the power control module includes a switch module and a reference source module, and the switch module is responsible for connecting the power to the circuit when the circuit detects that there is no voltage or a low-level state. This mechanism ensures that the circuit is connected to the power only when needed, and when the circuit has no input signal, the reference source module can provide a stable reference source to prevent signal drift or misoperation. The design of the above-mentioned power control module can ensure that the circuit can operate reliably under various conditions, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the circuit; the input end of the circuit is designed to receive at least one type of sensor input signal. This design provides flexibility, enabling the circuit to adapt to different types of sensors and input conditions, increasing the compatibility and Flexibility; the output end of the circuit and the power control module are connected through a follower module, and the follower module is used to perform input impedance matching and signal conditioning to ensure that the output signal of the sensor will not be distorted due to the load effect, and adjust the signal voltage range to within the range allowed by the circuit. Since the use of the follower module optimizes the voltage range of the signal, it can adapt to the output characteristics of different sensors; specifically, under the action of the power control module, the input signal of at least one type of sensor is received through the input end of the circuit, and then the input signal is processed by the follower module to control the voltage range of the input signal within the range allowed by the circuit, and then the output end of the circuit outputs the processed output signal; therefore, by integrating the controller input interface circuit in the controller, not only can the controller be connected to a variety of sensor signal types for processing, but also the design and integration process of the controller can be simplified, thereby reducing development time and cost, and improving the scalability of the application.

[0095] For example, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the application scenario is applied to a zone controller of a car; the application scenario includes: a car 100, and the car 100 includes a zone controller.

[0096] During the production process of the automobile 100, since different sensors may need to be equipped, such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, pressure sensors, light sensors, etc., or to meet consumers' personalized needs for the automobile 100, different functional modules can be supported based on the modular design of the regional controller. At this time, a connection relationship can be established with sensors, advanced driving assistance systems, and entertainment systems based on the controller input interface circuit provided in the present application without reserving a large number of input interfaces, thereby simplifying the production process of the automobile 100. At the same time, the controller input interface circuit also provides convenience when the automobile 100 is maintained and upgraded.

[0097] In this way, the controller input interface circuit provided by the present application reduces production and maintenance costs and improves production flexibility.

[0098] For example, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 ,like Figure 2 As shown, the controller input interface circuit includes: a power control module 101 and a follower module 102; the power control module 101 includes a switch module 11 and a reference source module 12;

[0099] The power control module 101 is connected to the input end of the circuit; wherein the switch module 11 is used to connect the power supply to the circuit when the circuit has no voltage or is in a low-level state; the reference source module 12 is used to provide a reference source for the circuit when there is no input signal to the circuit; the input end of the circuit is used to receive an input signal from at least one type of sensor;

[0100] The output end of the circuit is connected to the power control module 101 through a follower module 102; the follower module 102 is used to perform input impedance matching so that the voltage range of the input signal is within the allowable range of the circuit; the output end of the circuit is used to output an output signal within the allowable range of the circuit.

[0101] Among them, the power control module 101 is responsible for providing a stable power supply for the entire circuit, ensuring that all modules or components can operate under appropriate voltage and current conditions. The power control module 101 is connected to the input end of the circuit to ensure that the sensor input signal can be properly powered and processed.

[0102] The switch module 11 is used to connect the power supply to the circuit when the circuit has no voltage or is in a low-level state. The circuit may be connected to a pull-up power supply or other power supplies, such as a main power supply, an auxiliary power supply, a backup power supply, a distributed power supply, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this. When the circuit requires it, the switch module 11 controls the power supply to connect to the circuit; the function of the reference source module 12 is to provide a reference voltage for the circuit when there is no input signal in the circuit, that is, when there is no input signal in the circuit, the reference source module 12 is used to pull down the unconnected or suspended input pins or signal lines to a logical low level so that the circuit has a reference source, which is crucial to maintaining the stability and accuracy of the circuit.

[0103] The follower module 102 is used to perform input impedance matching to adapt to the output impedance of the sensor and prevent signal distortion. The follower module 102 is usually configured by an operational amplifier. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the device type and number of devices corresponding to the follower module 102. It can only play the input impedance matching function, such as a combination of an operational amplifier and other electrical devices.

[0104] The follower module 102 can adjust the voltage range of the input signal to make it conform to the working range of the circuit. This can be achieved through amplification, attenuation or bias adjustment, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0105] In an embodiment of the present application, the input end of the circuit is designed to receive at least one type of sensor signal, which sensor signal includes an analog voltage signal, an analog resistance signal, a digital high-valid signal, a digital low-valid signal, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of sensor signal that can be received.

[0106] In the present application, the input signal processed by the follower module 102 is output from the output terminal after it meets the voltage range allowed by the circuit. This output signal can be directly used for subsequent controller processing or other circuit modules.

[0107] The controller input interface circuit provided in the present application allows receiving various types of sensor input signals through the coordinated work of the switch module, the reference source module and the follower module, thereby improving the flexibility of the application of the controller analog input interface, reducing the demand for a large number of fixed input interfaces, thereby reducing hardware cost and complexity, allowing users to replace or add different types of sensors as needed, and only using one set of circuits to achieve the acquisition of input interface physical quantities without changing the circuit design; wherein, based on the use of the follower module, input impedance matching can be performed to ensure that the voltage range of the sensor input signal is within the allowable range of the circuit, which not only improves the integrity and accuracy of the signal, but also prevents signal distortion and ensures that the circuit can correctly process the input signal. Because the follower module in the circuit optimizes the voltage range of the signal, the circuit can process a variety of sensor signal types, and when the circuit has no voltage or is in a low-level state, the switch module is responsible for connecting the power supply to the circuit. This dynamic power management method can ensure that the circuit is connected to the power supply only when needed, and when there is no input signal, the reference source module provides a stable reference voltage, reducing misoperation caused by floating signals. The design of the above-mentioned power control module ensures the stability and accuracy of the circuit under various operating conditions.

[0108] Therefore, the controller input interface circuit design makes the circuit design more concise by integrating the power control module and the follower module. This modular design reduces the complexity of the circuit, thereby making the controller design and integration process simpler. This not only reduces development time and reserved resources, but also reduces the controller hardware cost and reduces the size of the controller, effectively solving the problems of resource waste, increased hardware cost and increased complexity caused by reserving a large number of input interfaces in the existing regional controller.

[0109] Optionally, the input end of the switch module 11 is connected to the pull-up power supply, and is used to control the switch module 11 to be in a connected state with the pull-up power supply through the controller when the circuit has no voltage or is in a low-level state; the output end of the switch module 11 is respectively connected to the input end of the reference source module 12 and the input end of the follower module 102;

[0110] The output end of the reference source module 12 is connected to the ground line.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present application, the input end of the switch module 11 is connected to the pull-up power supply. Its main function is to connect the switch module to the pull-up power supply through the control of the controller when the circuit is in a no-voltage or low-level state. That is, when the controller detects that the circuit needs power, the switch module 11 is activated, allowing current to flow from the pull-up power supply to other parts of the circuit, thereby ensuring that the circuit can obtain sufficient power when needed.

[0112] The output end of the switch module 11 is connected to the input end of the reference source module 12 and the follower module 102. This connection method ensures that when the switch module 11 is activated, current can be supplied to the reference source module 12 and the follower module 102 at the same time; this configuration ensures that the reference source module 12 and the follower module 102 can immediately obtain power when the circuit needs it, so as to maintain their normal functioning.

[0113] Optionally, the output end of the reference source module 12 is connected to the ground line, and when the sensor type is determined to be AI, RI and IDH with external pull-up power supplies, and there is no input signal in the circuit, a stable reference source is provided for it.

[0114] In a vehicle, connection to ground usually refers to connection to the vehicle body or chassis.

[0115] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific components corresponding to the switch module and the reference source module, as long as they can play the corresponding functions.

[0116] In the present application, through the control of the switch module, the circuit can dynamically connect or disconnect the power supply as needed to meet the needs of different types of sensors. By connecting the output end of the reference source module to the ground wire, the reference source module provides a reference source for the circuit when there is no input signal. This allows the circuit to maintain stable performance and reduce errors and faults caused by voltage fluctuations. This modular design method simplifies the overall design of the circuit, makes the functional separation between different modules clear, and facilitates debugging and maintenance.

[0117] Optional, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 ,like Figure 3 As shown, the circuit further includes: an electrostatic protection module 103;

[0118] The input end of the electrostatic protection module 103 is connected to the input end of the circuit to provide electrostatic protection for the circuit; the output end of the electrostatic protection module 103 is connected to the ground wire.

[0119] In the present application, the sudden flow of current caused by electrostatic discharge may damage sensitive electronic components. Therefore, the design of adding an electrostatic protection module 103 to the circuit of the present application can prevent its back-end circuit from being affected by static electricity.

[0120] The input end of the electrostatic protection module 103 is connected to the input end of the circuit, which means that any signal entering the circuit first passes through the electrostatic protection module. The output end of the electrostatic protection module 103 is connected to the ground wire to safely guide the energy of electrostatic discharge to the ground wire to prevent it from entering the sensitive part of the circuit.

[0121] Optionally, the electrostatic protection module 103 generally includes a transient voltage suppression device, such as a TVS diode, which can quickly respond to electrostatic discharge events. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific device corresponding to the electrostatic protection module, as long as it can perform the corresponding function.

[0122] Therefore, the electrostatic protection module can reduce damage to sensitive components in the circuit, protect these components from damage, improve the reliability of the circuit, and reduce the maintenance and replacement costs caused by electrostatic problems. Through effective electrostatic protection, the controller can operate stably in an electrostatic environment and avoid false triggering caused by electrostatic discharge.

[0123] For example, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a circuit for realizing analog quantity provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the electrostatic protection module is an electrostatic discharge (ESD) diode, which is usually small in size and easy to be integrated into various circuit board designs.

[0124] The electrostatic protection module uses ESD diodes, which can respond to electrostatic discharge events within nanoseconds and quickly guide the electrostatic energy to the ground (Ground, GND). This rapid response can protect other electronic components in the circuit from damage by transient voltage.

[0125] Optionally, the switch module includes a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) field effect transistor Q1 and a pull-up resistor R4; the input end of the pull-up power supply and the pull-up resistor R4 are connected through the MOS field effect transistor Q1, and the output end of the pull-up resistor R4 is respectively connected to the input end of the reference source module 12 and the input end of the follower module 102.

[0126] The MOS field effect transistor Q1 and the pull-up resistor R4 form a controllable pull-up source, and the pull-up resistor R4 is used to pull the pin up to a known high level state, that is, when the MOS field effect transistor Q1 is not turned on, the input end of the circuit remains in a high level state.

[0127] As a switching device, the MOS field effect transistor Q1 can quickly switch between connected and disconnected states. This design allows flexible configuration of the power path of the circuit; by controlling the gate voltage of the MOS field effect transistor Q1, dynamic power management of the circuit can be achieved.

[0128] Exemplarily, when the sensor type is determined to be RI and IDL, the MOS field effect transistor Q1 is in a connected state to provide a pull-up source for the circuit; wherein the RI is an external sensor without a pull-up source.

[0129] It should be noted that the MOS field effect transistor Q1 and the microcontroller unit (MCU) can be connected based on the resistor R5, and the resistor R5 can also be integrated in the MOS field effect transistor Q1, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0130] In the present application, by integrating the MOS field effect transistor and the pull-up resistor in the switch module, the circuit design can be simplified and the number and complexity of external components can be reduced. The pull-up resistor can effectively prevent the input end from floating, ensuring that the circuit maintains a stable logic state when there is no other signal input, and the MOS field effect transistor can provide efficient power control.

[0131] Optionally, the reference source module is a pull-down resistor R3.

[0132] The pull-down resistor R3 is used to pull the undriven input pin or signal line down to a logic low level to ensure that the default state of the circuit is a low level when there is no other signal input. In this circuit, the unconnected input pin may float, resulting in an unstable level state. Therefore, the pull-down resistor R3 provides a definite path to pull the level down to prevent floating, which helps to improve the reliability of the circuit and reduce misoperation or failure caused by level uncertainty.

[0133] Exemplarily, when the sensor type is determined to be AI, RI and IDH with external pull-up power supplies, and there is no signal input at the input end of the circuit, the pull-down resistor R3 can pull down the level of the circuit to provide a stable reference source for the circuit; wherein the RI is an external sensor with its own pull-up source.

[0134] Therefore, the present application uses a pull-down resistor as a reference source module. The pull-down resistor is a simple and low-cost device that does not require complex circuits or additional components, thereby reducing the complexity of design and manufacturing and significantly reducing material costs.

[0135] Optionally, the follower module is an operational amplifier A1; the output end of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier A1, and the output end of the operational amplifier A1 is also connected to the output end of the circuit; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the output end of the switch module.

[0136] Among them, operational amplifier A1 acts as a voltage follower, and the output voltage is the same as the input voltage. This configuration provides the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance.

[0137] Due to the high input impedance of operational amplifier A1, no additional circuit is usually required to achieve input impedance matching. The high input impedance of operational amplifier A1 is naturally suitable for matching with high impedance signal sources. The high input impedance of operational amplifier A1 means that the load it imposes on the signal source is very small, which reduces the loading effect and makes it possible to output voltage over a wider range without being affected by the load.

[0138] In this application, the voltage follower provides signal isolation between input and output, preventing the influence of load changes on the signal source, and helping to improve the stability and reliability of the circuit. By selecting a suitable operational amplifier, it can be ensured that the output voltage range is wide enough to cover the required input signal range, and using an operational amplifier as a voltage follower is a simple and effective circuit design strategy that reduces the need for complex gain adjustment.

[0139] Optional, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 ,like Figure 5 As shown, the circuit further includes: a low-pass filter module 104; the connection point between the input end of the circuit and the output end of the switch module 11 and the input end of the follower module 102 is connected through the low-pass filter module 104 to filter high-frequency interference signals.

[0140] In the present application, the low-pass filter module 104 processes the input signal through its filter elements, such as resistors, capacitors or inductors, allowing low-frequency signals to pass through while attenuating or blocking high-frequency signals.

[0141] The signal processed by the low-pass filter module 104 is transmitted to the input end of the follower module 102, ensuring that the signal entering the follower module 102 is a filtered low-frequency signal.

[0142] Therefore, before entering the follower module, the input signal first passes through the low-pass filter module to effectively filter out high-frequency noise and interference signals, help maintain the integrity of the signal, ensure that the signal is not distorted during transmission, and improve the signal acquisition accuracy of components in subsequent circuits.

[0143] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the low-pass filter module is composed of a first resistor R1 and a capacitor C2 connected in series; the output end of the low-pass filter module is output from the connection point of the first resistor R1 and the capacitor C2; the input end of the circuit is connected to the connection point of the output end of the switch module 11 and the input end of the first resistor R1, and the output end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the ground line.

[0144] Among them, after the input signal passes through the resistor R1, the capacitor C2 filters the input signal. The charging and discharging characteristics of the capacitor C2 allow the low-frequency signal to pass through, while the high-frequency signal is attenuated. Then, the filtered signal is output from the connection point of R1 and C2, ensuring that the signal entering the subsequent circuit is a filtered low-frequency signal.

[0145] It should be noted that the first resistor R1 and the capacitor C2 can form an RC low-pass filter, which is simple in design, easy to implement, and low in cost. In addition, the RC low-pass filter effectively reduces high-frequency noise and interference by attenuating high-frequency signals, ensuring that the signal is not distorted during transmission, and filtering out high-frequency interference signals can protect subsequent circuits from the influence of high-frequency noise, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire circuit.

[0146] Optional, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 ,like Figure 6 As shown, the circuit further includes: an overvoltage protection module 105; the input end of the overvoltage protection module 105 is connected to the output end of the follower module 102, and the output end of the overvoltage protection module 105 is connected to the output end of the circuit.

[0147] In an embodiment of the present application, the overvoltage protection module 105 is used to continuously monitor the voltage level of the input signal. When it is detected that the input voltage exceeds a preset safety threshold, the overvoltage protection module 105 can take measures, such as limiting the voltage, shunting excess voltage to ground, or disconnecting the circuit, to prevent excessive voltage from being transmitted to subsequent circuits. Once the overvoltage condition is relieved, the overvoltage protection module 105 returns to a normal state, allowing the signal to continue to be transmitted.

[0148] In this application, by adding an overvoltage protection module to the circuit, excessive voltage can be prevented from damaging sensitive electronic components, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the entire circuit. Overvoltage protection can not only protect the circuit itself, but also prevent safety hazards caused by circuit failures, thereby enhancing safety.

[0149] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the overvoltage protection module includes a transient voltage suppression (TVS) diode and a second resistor R2; the connection point of the TVS diode and the second resistor R2 is connected to the output end of the follower module, the output end of the TVS diode is connected to the ground line, and the output end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the output end of the circuit.

[0150] Under normal voltage conditions, the TVS diode is in a high impedance state and does not affect signal transmission. The signal is transmitted to the output end of the circuit through the second resistor R2. When the input signal voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage of the TVS diode, the TVS diode quickly enters a low impedance state, providing a low impedance path to divert excess voltage energy to the ground.

[0151] The second resistor R2 is used to limit the current flowing through the circuit and protect subsequent circuit elements from being damaged by overcurrent.

[0152] It should be noted that TVS diodes can respond to overvoltage events within nanoseconds, quickly suppress voltage spikes, and protect circuit components.

[0153] Optionally, the TVS diode and the second resistor R2 are used to protect the ADC port to prevent overvoltage from damaging the ADC port. The ADC port refers to the input port of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The ADC is an electronic device or circuit module that converts analog signals into digital signals.

[0154] In the present application, the overvoltage protection module integrating TVS diode and resistor is simple in design, easy to implement and low in cost. Moreover, the TVS diode can absorb a large amount of transient energy, prevent overvoltage from damaging the circuit, improve reliability and reduce failures caused by overvoltage.

[0155] In one possible implementation, Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 ,like Figure 7 As shown, the controller input interface circuit includes a power control module 101 , a follower module 102 , a low-pass filter module 104 and an overvoltage protection module 105 ; the power control module 101 includes a switch module 11 and a reference source module 12 .

[0156] In another possible implementation, Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a controller input interface circuit is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 ,like Figure 8 As shown, the controller input interface circuit includes a power control module 101 , a follower module 102 , an electrostatic protection module 103 , a low-pass filter module 104 and an overvoltage protection module 105 ; the power control module 101 includes a switch module 11 and a reference source module 12 .

[0157] Therefore, the number and type of integrated modules in the controller input interface circuit can be set based on the actual application scenario requirements. The controller input interface circuit has multiple possible implementation methods. In addition to the integrated switch module, reference source module and follower module, the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the number and type of other modules integrated in the controller input interface circuit.

[0158] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific components corresponding to the low-pass filter module and the overvoltage protection module, as long as they can play the corresponding functions.

[0159] Optionally, at least one type includes an analog voltage input AI, an analog resistance input RI with an external pull-up power supply, an RI without an external pull-up power supply, a digital high-level valid input IDH, and a digital low-level valid input IDL.

[0160] In this application, since the circuit design supports multiple input types, this diversity allows the circuit to adapt to different sensors and signal sources. For different types of sensors, only different software needs to be configured to complete the above four interface input acquisitions.

[0161] In this way, the acquisition of multiple input types is flexibly supported through software configuration, which not only improves adaptability and flexibility, but also simplifies hardware design so that the same circuit can adapt to different application scenarios.

[0162] Optionally, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is RI without an external pull-up power supply, the controller controls the switch module to be in a connected state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and the output signal is output;

[0163] After the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a first voltage of the output signal and determine a first resistance of the sensor according to the first voltage.

[0164] In the present application, the controller can identify through software configuration or preset logic that the connected sensor type is RI without an external pull-up power supply. After determining the sensor type, the controller controls the switch module to be in a connected state, and the internal pull-up power supply will be connected to the input signal path to provide the necessary current path for resistance measurement. At this time, the input signal passes through the electrostatic protection module and the follower module in sequence to ensure that the input signal is within the voltage range allowed by the circuit, and performs necessary impedance matching and signal conditioning.

[0165] Furthermore, the signal processed by the circuit is output so that the controller reads the first voltage of the output signal, which is usually performed through ADC, and then the controller calculates the resistance value of the sensor based on the read first voltage and known circuit parameters, such as reference voltage and known resistance value.

[0166] For example, Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a controller providing a pull-up source configuration is provided for an embodiment of the present application, such as Fig. 9 As shown, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is RI without an external pull-up power supply, the MCU can control the switch module to open, that is, the switch module is in a connected state with the pull-up power supply, so that the input signal of the analog resistor is connected to the input interface, and is connected to the ADC port after being processed by the interface circuit. The MCU reads the voltage at the ADC port and calculates the size of the first resistor according to the conversion formula.

[0167] Optionally, the first resistor Rx is calculated according to the following formula:

[0168] Rx=U1*R 4 / (U2-U1)

[0169] Among them, U1 is the first voltage, U2 is the voltage of the pull-up power supply, R 4 is the resistance value of the pull-up resistor in the switch module.

[0170] It should be noted that the voltage U2 of the pull-up power supply and the resistance value R of the pull-up resistor 4 It is a known circuit parameter. The controller measures the voltage U1 across the sensor, that is, reads the output voltage after the circuit is processed.

[0171] It can be understood that the above formula is derived from the voltage division principle. Since the sensor and the pull-up resistor form a voltage divider, U1 is the voltage after voltage division, so the resistance of the sensor can be calculated by the above formula.

[0172] Therefore, by performing a calculation using the known voltage and resistance values, the resistance value of the sensor can be accurately determined.

[0173] In the above circuit, by connecting the pull-up power supply, the current path required for resistance measurement is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of resistance measurement, and by using the internal pull-up power supply, the dependence on the external power supply is reduced, simplifying the controller integration and wiring complexity.

[0174] In this way, through the above circuit, the controller can read and process the signal in real time and quickly calculate the sensor resistance value, which is suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and feedback. In addition, by controlling the switch module through software, the dependence on external hardware is reduced, making the circuit design more concise and cost-effective.

[0175] Optionally, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is an RI with an external pull-up power supply, the controller controls the switch module to be in an off state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and the output signal is output;

[0176] After the output signal is output, the controller is used to read the second voltage of the output signal and determine the second resistance of the sensor according to the second voltage.

[0177] In the present application, the controller can identify the connected sensor type as RI with an external pull-up power supply through software configuration or preset logic. After determining the sensor type, the controller controls the switch module to be in the disconnected state, and the internal pull-up power supply is disconnected from the circuit to avoid interference with the external pull-up power supply. At this time, the input signal passes through the electrostatic protection module and the follower module in sequence to ensure that the input signal is within the voltage range allowed by the circuit, and performs necessary impedance matching and signal conditioning.

[0178] Furthermore, the signal processed by the circuit is output so that the controller reads the second voltage of the output signal, which is usually performed through an ADC, and then the controller calculates the resistance value of the sensor based on the read second voltage and known circuit parameters, such as an external pull-up power supply voltage and a known resistance value.

[0179] For example, Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a structure of an external pull-up source configuration is provided for an embodiment of the present application, such as Fig.10 As shown, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is RI with an external pull-up power supply, the MCU can control the switch module to close, that is, the switch module and the pull-up power supply are in an open state, so that the input signal of the analog resistor is connected to the input interface, and is connected to the ADC port after being processed by the interface circuit. The MCU reads the voltage at the ADC port and calculates the size of the second resistor according to the conversion formula.

[0180] Optionally, the second resistor Ry is calculated according to the following formula:

[0181] Ry=(U3-U4)*R 3 / U4

[0182] Among them, U3 is the voltage value of the external pull-up power supply, U4 is the second voltage, R 3 Corresponding resistance value of the reference source module.

[0183] It should be noted that the voltage U3 of the external pull-up power supply and the resistance value R 3 It is a known circuit parameter. The external pull-up power supply is usually 5V. The controller measures the voltage U4 across the sensor, that is, reads the output voltage after circuit processing.

[0184] It can be understood that the above formula is derived from the voltage division principle. Since the resistance of the sensor and the reference source module form a voltage divider, U4 is the voltage after voltage division, so the resistance of the sensor can be calculated by the above formula.

[0185] Therefore, by relying on accurate voltage measurements and known resistance values ​​for calculation, the resistance value of the sensor can be accurately determined, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement.

[0186] In the above circuit, by disconnecting the internal pull-up power supply, interference with the external pull-up power supply is avoided, thereby improving the accuracy of resistance measurement, and by utilizing the external pull-up power supply, dependence on the internal power supply is reduced, simplifying controller integration and wiring complexity.

[0187] In this way, through the above circuit, the controller can read and process the signal in real time and quickly calculate the sensor resistance value. It is also suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and feedback. In addition, by controlling the switch module through software, the dependence on hardware is reduced, making the circuit design simple and reducing costs.

[0188] Optionally, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is IDH, the controller controls the switch module to be in an off state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and the output signal is output;

[0189] After the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a third voltage of the output signal and determine whether the output signal is valid according to the third voltage.

[0190] In the present application, the controller can identify the connected sensor type as IDH through software configuration or preset logic. After determining that the sensor type is IDH, the controller puts the switch module in the disconnected state, and the internal circuit will not interfere with the high-level state of the input signal. At this time, the input signal passes through the electrostatic protection module and the follower module in sequence to ensure that the input signal is within the voltage range allowed by the circuit, and performs necessary buffering and signal conditioning.

[0191] Furthermore, the signal processed by the circuit is output so that the controller reads a third voltage of the output signal. The reading is usually performed through an ADC or a digital input pin, and then the controller determines whether the output signal is at a high level, that is, whether it is valid, based on the read third voltage. For example, the third voltage can be compared with a preset threshold. If the third voltage is higher than the threshold, the signal is considered to be valid.

[0192] The threshold value may be adjusted according to the requirements of a specific application or the type and quantity of devices in the circuit. For example, the threshold value may be 12V. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the size of the threshold value.

[0193] For example, Fig.11 A structural diagram of a digital high effective input configuration is provided for an embodiment of the present application, such as Fig.11As shown, when the controller determines that the type of sensor is IDH, the MCU can control the switch module to be closed, that is, the switch module is disconnected from the pull-up power supply, so that the digital high-valid signal is connected to the input interface, and connected to the ADC port after being processed by the interface circuit. The MCU reads the voltage at the ADC port and determines whether it is valid or invalid based on the voltage value compared with the voltage threshold.

[0194] Therefore, in the above circuit, the validity of the signal can be quickly judged through simple voltage comparison, which is suitable for digital signal applications that require efficient processing, and through software control and simple voltage comparison, the dependence on complex hardware is reduced, making the circuit design more concise and lower in cost; among them, by disconnecting the switch module, the interference of the internal circuit to the signal is avoided, thereby improving the accuracy of signal judgment, and the controller can read and judge the signal status in real time, which is suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and feedback.

[0195] Optionally, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is IDL, the controller controls the switch module to be in a connected state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and the output signal is output;

[0196] After the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a fourth voltage of the output signal and determine whether the output signal is valid according to the fourth voltage.

[0197] In the present application, the controller can identify that the connected sensor type is IDL through software configuration or preset logic. After determining that the sensor type is IDL, the controller places the switch module in a connected state to provide the necessary current path to correctly process the input signal. At this time, the input signal passes through the electrostatic protection module and the follower module in sequence to ensure that the input signal is within the voltage range allowed by the circuit, and performs necessary buffering and signal conditioning.

[0198] Furthermore, the signal processed by the circuit is output so that the controller reads a fourth voltage of the output signal. The reading is usually performed through an ADC or a digital input pin, and then the controller determines whether the output signal is at a low level, that is, whether it is valid, based on the read fourth voltage. For example, the fourth voltage can be compared with a preset threshold. If the fourth voltage is lower than the threshold, the signal is considered to be valid.

[0199] For example, Fig.12 A structural diagram of a digital low effective input configuration is provided for an embodiment of the present application, such as Fig.12As shown, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is IDL, the MCU can control the switch module to open, that is, the switch module is in a connected state with the pull-up power supply, so that the digital low-valid signal is connected to the input interface, and is connected to the ADC port after being processed by the interface circuit. The MCU reads the voltage at the ADC port and determines whether it is valid or invalid based on the voltage value compared with the voltage threshold.

[0200] Therefore, in the above circuit, through appropriate signal processing and level conversion, it is possible to better cope with electrical noise and other interferences, improve the robustness of the controller, and reduce the dependence on complex hardware through software control and simple signal processing, making the circuit design more concise and cost-effective; among them, by connecting the switch module, the integrity of the signal path is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of signal judgment, and the controller can read and judge the signal status in real time, which is suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and feedback.

[0201] Optionally, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is AI, the controller controls the switch module to be in an off state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and the output signal is output;

[0202] Wherein, after the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a fifth voltage of the output signal.

[0203] In the present application, the controller can identify that the connected sensor type is AI through software configuration or preset logic. After determining that the sensor type is AI, the controller puts the switch module into the disconnected state to ensure that the input signal can be directly processed by the circuit without being interfered by other circuit paths. At this time, the input signal passes through the electrostatic protection module and the follower module in turn to ensure that the input signal is within the voltage range allowed by the circuit and perform necessary signal conditioning.

[0204] Further, the signal processed by the circuit is output, so that the controller reads the fifth voltage of the output signal, and the reading is usually performed through an ADC.

[0205] For example, Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a structure of an analog voltage input configuration is provided for an embodiment of the present application, such as Fig.13 As shown, when the controller determines that the type of the sensor is AI, the MCU can control the switch module to be closed, that is, the switch module is in a connected state with the pull-up power supply, so that the input signal of the analog voltage is connected to the input interface, and is connected to the ADC port after being processed by the interface circuit, and the MCU can read the voltage at the ADC port.

[0206] Therefore, in the above circuit, by disconnecting the switch module, the purity of the input signal path can be ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of voltage measurement, and the controller can also read and process the signal in real time, which is suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and feedback. In this application, access to sensor signals can be achieved through software control and simple signal processing, reducing dependence on complex hardware, making the circuit design simpler and more cost-effective.

[0207] In summary, when the interface input content changes, only the software needs to be modified, and there is no need to modify the controller hardware.

[0208] Optionally, the reference source module provides a reference source for the circuit when the sensor type is AI, RI and IDH carry external pull-up power supplies, and when there is no input signal to the circuit.

[0209] In this application, the reference source module is connected between the input pin and the ground line. When there is no input signal, it pulls the input pin down to close to the ground potential to provide a known low-level reference. When there is no input signal in the circuit, the reference source module ensures that the input pin is not in a floating state.

[0210] Among them, when the sensor type is AI, the reference source module ensures that the input voltage is stable at the ground potential when there is no signal, preventing the ADC from reading an unstable voltage; when the sensor type is RI with an external pull-up power supply, when there is no input signal, the reference source module provides a known voltage reference to help stabilize the circuit; when the sensor type is IDH, the reference source module ensures that the input pin maintains a low level when there is no signal, preventing it from being misjudged as a high-level signal.

[0211] In this way, the stable reference provided by the reference source module helps the circuit remain stable when there is no input signal, and accurately processes and judges the signal state when the signal appears. In addition, when there is no input signal, the reference source module ensures that the circuit is in a known state to prevent instability caused by floating input.

[0212] Optionally, the controller determines the type of the sensor based on a configuration rule defined in advance, or the controller determines the type of the sensor based on an identified voltage variation of the circuit.

[0213] In an embodiment of the present application, during the controller design phase, engineers can define a set of configuration rules based on application requirements and sensor characteristics. The configuration rules may include the electrical characteristics, connection methods, signal range, etc. of the sensor, and store the configuration rules in the memory of the controller, usually in the form of a lookup table or configuration file.

[0214] For example, at runtime, the controller can identify the sensor type based on user input or configuration rules, such as by reading the sensor's identification information, the controller can determine the sensor to which the circuit is connected.

[0215] Therefore, the sensor identification process can be made fast and without complex calculations through pre-defined rules, simplifying the processing logic, and the configuration rules can be updated as needed to adapt to new types of sensors.

[0216] Optionally, the controller monitors voltage changes in the circuit, typically when the sensor is connected or initialized, by applying a known voltage or current and observing changes in the circuit response. Based on the characteristics of the voltage change, the controller analyzes and identifies the sensor type. For example, different types of sensors may have different resistance or capacitance characteristics, resulting in different voltage change patterns. The controller compares the identified voltage change characteristics with predefined characteristics to determine the sensor type.

[0217] In this way, the present application can automatically identify the sensor type without user intervention and is suitable for dynamic or changing application environments.

[0218] Through the above two methods, the controller can effectively identify the sensor type and configure it accordingly, improving the flexibility of the application.

[0219] Optionally, the present application provides a regional controller, comprising: a single-chip microcomputer MCU, an analog-to-digital converter ADC, and a controller input interface circuit as described in the above embodiments.

[0220] Among them, ADC is used to convert analog signals into digital signals so that MCU can process and analyze these signals; the input interface circuit is used to connect and condition signals from sensors to ensure that these signals are in the appropriate voltage and current range before entering the ADC; the MCU reads the digitized signals from the sensor through the ADC and processes them according to preset algorithms or logic.

[0221] In this way, the MCU, ADC and input interface circuit are integrated into one regional controller, which simplifies the design, reduces the number of external components and connection complexity, and can also reduce the number of analog input / output interfaces of the regional controller and the number of plug-in PINs.

[0222] Due to the programmability of the MCU, the zone controller can be configured and adjusted according to different application requirements to adapt to a variety of sensors and input signal types. In this way, through the configurable input interface, the reserved content of various input interfaces can be reduced, making it convenient for the wiring harness to select the most convenient interface and facilitate integration. The above-mentioned integrated design integrates analog input and digital input, and realizes the collection of physical quantities of the input interface through a set of circuits, reducing the demand for external components, reducing overall costs, and improving reliability.

[0223] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not disclosed by the present invention, are not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and may be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A controller input interface circuit, characterized in that: The circuit comprises: a power control module and a follower module; the power control module comprises a switch module and a reference source module; The power control module is connected to the input end of the circuit; wherein the switch module is used to connect the power supply to the circuit when the circuit has no voltage or is in a low-level state; the reference source module is used to provide a reference source for the circuit when there is no input signal to the circuit; the input end of the circuit is used to receive an input signal of at least one type of sensor; The output end of the circuit is connected to the power control module through the follower module; the follower module is used to perform input impedance matching so that the voltage range of the input signal is within the allowable range of the circuit; the output end of the circuit is used to output an output signal within the allowable range of the circuit.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The input end of the switch module is connected to the pull-up power supply, and is used to control the switch module to be in a connected state with the pull-up power supply through a controller when the circuit has no voltage or is in a low-level state; the output end of the switch module is respectively connected to the input end of the reference source module and the input end of the follower module; The output end of the reference source module is connected to the ground wire.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The switch module includes a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) field effect transistor and a pull-up resistor; the pull-up power supply and the input end of the pull-up resistor are connected through the MOS field effect transistor, and the output end of the pull-up resistor is respectively connected to the input end of the reference source module and the input end of the follower module.

4. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The reference source module is a pull-down resistor.

5. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The follower module is an operational amplifier; the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier is also connected to the output end of the circuit; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the output end of the switch module.

6. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The circuit also includes: an electrostatic protection module; The input end of the electrostatic protection module is connected to the input end of the circuit to provide electrostatic protection for the circuit; the output end of the electrostatic protection module is connected to the ground wire.

7. The circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that The electrostatic protection module is an electrostatic discharge (ESD) diode.

8. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The circuit further comprises: a low-pass filter module; a connection point between the input end of the circuit and the output end of the switch module and the input end of the follower module is connected through the low-pass filter module for filtering high-frequency interference signals.

9. The circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that The low-pass filter module is composed of a first resistor and a capacitor connected in series; the output end of the low-pass filter module is output from the connection point of the first resistor and the capacitor; the input end of the circuit is connected to the connection point of the output end of the switch module and the input end of the first resistor, and the output end of the capacitor is connected to the ground wire.

10. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The circuit further includes: an overvoltage protection module; the input end of the overvoltage protection module is connected to the output end of the follower module, and the output end of the overvoltage protection module is connected to the output end of the circuit.

11. The circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that The overvoltage protection module includes a transient voltage suppression TVS diode and a second resistor; the connection point of the TVS diode and the second resistor is connected to the output end of the follower module, the output end of the TVS diode is connected to the ground line, and the output end of the second resistor is connected to the output end of the circuit.

12. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The at least one type includes an analog voltage input AI, an analog resistance input RI with an external pull-up power supply, an RI without an external pull-up power supply, a digital high-level valid input IDH, and a digital low-level valid input IDL.

13. The circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that When the controller determines that the type of the sensor is an RI without an external pull-up power supply, the controller controls the switch module to be in a connected state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and an output signal is output; Wherein, after the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a first voltage of the output signal and determine a first resistance of the sensor according to the first voltage.

14. The circuit according to claim 13, characterized in that The first resistor Rx is calculated according to the following formula: Rx=U1*R4 / (U2-U1) Among them, U1 is the first voltage, U2 is the voltage of the pull-up power supply, and R4 is the resistance value of the pull-up resistor in the switch module.

15. The circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that When the controller determines that the type of the sensor is an RI with an external pull-up power supply, the controller controls the switch module to be in an off state, so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and an output signal is output; Wherein, after the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a second voltage of the output signal and determine a second resistance of the sensor according to the second voltage.

16. The circuit according to claim 15, characterized in that The second resistor Ry is calculated according to the following formula: Ry=(U3-U4)*R3 / U4 in, U3 is the voltage value of the external pull-up power supply, U4 is the second voltage, and R3 is the corresponding resistance value of the reference source module.

17. The circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that When the controller determines that the type of the sensor is IDH, the controller controls the switch module to be in an off state, so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and an output signal is output; Wherein, after the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a third voltage of the output signal, and determine whether the output signal is valid according to the third voltage.

18. The circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that When the controller determines that the type of the sensor is IDL, the controller controls the switch module to be in a connected state so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and an output signal is output; Wherein, after the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a fourth voltage of the output signal, and determine whether the output signal is valid according to the fourth voltage.

19. The circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that When the controller determines that the type of the sensor is AI, the controller controls the switch module to be in an off state, so that the input signal is processed by the circuit and an output signal is output; Wherein, after the output signal is output, the controller is used to read a fifth voltage of the output signal.

20. The circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that The reference source module provides a reference source for the circuit when the sensor type is AI, RI and IDH with external pull-up power supplies, and when no input signal is input to the circuit.

21. The circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that The controller determines the type of the sensor based on a configuration rule defined in advance, or the controller determines the type of the sensor based on an identified voltage variation of the circuit.

22. A zone controller, characterized in that: include: A single-chip microcomputer MCU, an analog-to-digital converter ADC and a controller input interface circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21.

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