Composite pane having reflective layer applied in certain regions

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite pane (100) comprising at least an outer pane (1), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3), an inner pane (2), at least one masking layer (4) arranged in a region of the laminated pane (100), an adhesive layer (5) and a pane (6) having an outer surface (V) and an inner surface (VI) and a thickness of 20 [mu] m to 500 [mu] m. A thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2), an adhesive layer (5) is arranged between the inner pane (2) and the pane (6), at least one reflective layer (7) for reflecting light is arranged on the outer surface (V) of the pane (6) and / or on the inner surface (VI) of the pane (6), and arranging the glass pane (6) in the region of the composite glass pane (100) which lies completely in the region in which the masking layer (4) is arranged when viewed vertically through the composite glass pane (100). The reflective layer contains or consists of a dielectric layer, a silicon-based layer or a carbide layer.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a laminated pane having a reflective layer applied in certain areas, a method for its production and its use, and a projection assembly.

[0002] Modern cars are increasingly equipped with so-called head-up displays (HUD). Using a projector, usually in the area of ​​the instrument panel, an image is projected onto the windshield, where it is reflected and perceived by the driver as a virtual image behind the windshield. Important information can thus be projected into the driver's field of vision, such as the current driving speed, navigation messages or warnings, so that the driver can perceive them without having to take his eyes off the road. Head-up displays can thus contribute significantly to increasing traffic safety.

[0003] However, head-up displays often have the problem that the windshield area used to reflect the light projected by the projector must have a high transparency of usually at least 70%. The reflected light of the projector is therefore covered by the light from the external environment, which, depending on the lighting conditions, may lead to a reduced contrast of the virtual image and, therefore, a poor visual perception of the driver. Sufficient visual perception should be ensured in all weather and lighting conditions, in particular for safety-related information such as lane assistance, speed display or the rotation speed of the motor. It is therefore desirable to have a projection assembly based on head-up display technology in which no unwanted ghost images occur, and whose arrangement is relatively easy to implement and the displayed image information has good visibility, sufficient brightness and contrast. In order to achieve this, the contrast in the reflective area of ​​the windshield must be increased. For example, the contrast increase can be achieved by making the background of the reflective area largely or completely opaque. However, such a solution requires that the reflective layer is applied only in a local limited area of ​​the windshield.

[0004] The metal coating is usually applied to glass panes by sputtering, in particular magnetron sputtering. During the sputtering process, atoms are released from the target by bombarding the target with ions. With the help of physical vapor deposition, the glass pane is coated with the atoms released from the target in a vacuum chamber. The atoms move through the chamber to the glass pane under the guidance of the electric field. They therefore move from the cathode on which the target is arranged toward the anode. Since the glass pane is arranged between the cathode and the anode, a layer is formed on the glass pane. In the case of magnetron sputtering, an additional magnetic field is arranged behind the cathode, which brings faster layer growth and a denser, i.e. less porous layer. For example, methods for coating glass panes using sputtering are known from WO9900528 A1, DE10126868C1 and WO2017198363 A1.

[0005] Magnetron sputtering is also suitable for coating glass panes because, unlike many other coating techniques, it can also be used when the glass panes are curved, as is the case for panes for the automotive industry. However, a disadvantage of sputtering is that, without special precautions, it is not possible to selectively coat only certain surface areas, but always the entire surface. Selective coating of only certain surface areas can be achieved, for example, by complex masking of the areas not to be coated. However, such masking can only be integrated into the industrial series production of coated glass panes with considerable effort and is associated with relatively high costs.

[0006] Cold gas spraying is also a suitable method for coating glass sheets and is a coating method known to those skilled in the art, whereby powder is applied to a carrier at a very high speed. Methods for coating by means of cold gas spraying are known, for example, from WO 2010 / 003396 A1, EP 3845685 A1 and EP 2902530 A1.

[0007] From WO 2022161894 A1 a laminated glass pane having a holographic optical element applied to the inner surface of an inner glass pane as a light guide for guiding light from a projector is known, wherein the light guide is arranged overlapping with a masking strip in order to achieve a high contrast.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved laminated glazing having a reflective layer applied in certain areas. In particular, the laminated glazing should be easy to manufacture.

[0009] The object of the invention is achieved according to the invention by a laminated glazing according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are evident from the dependent claims.

[0010] The laminated glazing according to the invention comprises an outer glazing, a thermoplastic interlayer, at least one concealing layer, an inner glazing, an adhesive layer and a glass pane. The thermoplastic interlayer is arranged between the outer glazing and the inner glazing, and the adhesive layer is arranged between the inner glazing and the glass pane. According to the invention, the at least one concealing layer is arranged in a region of the laminated glazing, and the glass pane is arranged in a region of the laminated glazing which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glazing, is completely within the region in which the at least one concealing layer is arranged.

[0011] The laminated glass pane is used to separate the interior from the external environment in the vehicle window. Within the meaning of the present invention, the term "inner glass pane" refers to the glass pane of the laminated glass pane that faces the interior of the vehicle. The outer glass pane refers to the glass pane that faces the external environment.

[0012] The laminated glass pane has in particular an upper edge and a lower edge and two side edges extending therebetween. The upper edge is the edge which is to be pointed upwards in the installed position. The lower edge is the edge which is to be pointed downwards in the installed position. In the case of a windshield, the upper edge is often also referred to as the roof edge and the lower edge as the motor edge.

[0013] The outer pane, the inner pane and the glass pane each have an outer-side surface and an interior-side surface and a circumferential side edge extending therebetween. The outer-side surface in the sense of the invention is the main surface which is intended to face the external environment when installed. The interior-side surface in the sense of the invention is the main surface which is intended to face the interior when installed. The interior surface of the outer pane and the outer-side surface of the inner pane face each other and are connected to each other via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.

[0014] The outside surface of the outer glass sheet is designated as Face I. The inside surface of the outer glass sheet is designated as Face II. The outside surface of the inner glass sheet is designated as Face III. The inside surface of the inner glass sheet is designated as Face IV. The outside surface of the glass sheet is designated as Face V. The inside surface of the glass sheet is designated as Face VI.

[0015] The inner side surface of the outer glass sheet and the outer side surface of the inner glass sheet face each other. In one embodiment, the inner glass sheet is arranged between the outer glass sheet and the glass sheet, wherein the inner side surface of the inner glass sheet and the outer side surface of the glass sheet face each other.

[0016] In a further embodiment, a glass sheet is arranged between an outer glass sheet and an inner glass sheet, wherein the inner side surface of the glass sheet and the outer side surface of the inner glass sheet face each other.

[0017] According to the invention, the glass sheet is very thin and has a thickness of 20 μm (micrometers) to 500 μm. Therefore, the glass sheet is made of ultra-thin glass. Such an ultra-thin glass sheet is flexible and can advantageously adapt to the curvature of the glass sheet.

[0018] Furthermore, according to the invention, at least one reflective layer for reflecting light is arranged on the outer surface of the glass sheet and / or on the inner surface of the glass sheet. Thus, a single reflective layer can be provided, which is arranged on the outer surface of the glass sheet or on the inner surface of the glass sheet. Alternatively, two reflective layers can be provided, which are arranged on the outer surface of the glass sheet and on the inner surface of the glass sheet. Advantageously, the outer surface and / or the inner surface of the glass sheet are coated with the reflective layer, i.e. the reflective layer is arranged as a coating on the outer surface and / or the inner surface of the glass sheet.

[0019] According to the present invention, when the laminated glass sheet is installed in a carrier, the distance between the at least one reflective layer and the interior of the carrier is smaller than the at least one shielding layer, so that the imaging unit of the projection assembly arranged inside the carrier can directly see the reflective layer, and the reflective layer can reflect the light emitted by the imaging unit. It is also possible to arrange the additional shielding layer closer to the interior of the carrier than the reflective layer. In this case, in order to ensure that the reflective layer is directly seen from the imaging unit, the additional shielding layer has one or more openings, so that the light from the imaging unit is reflected by the reflective layer and can be seen by an observer inside the carrier.

[0020] Due to the fact that the glass sheet is arranged in an area of ​​the laminated glass sheet which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass sheet, is completely located in the area in which the at least one masking layer is arranged, the reflective layer arranged on the glass sheet is also arranged in an area which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass sheet, is completely located in the area in which the masking layer is arranged. The reflective layer is thus arranged at a vertical viewing angle through the laminated glass sheet or in an orthogonal projection through the laminated glass sheet so as to cover the masking layer or overlap with the masking layer. The reflective layer thus has no portion which does not cover the masking layer, i.e. the reflective layer is formed only at a position in front of the masking layer when viewing the interior of the laminated glass sheet. This ensures a high contrast and brightness and therefore a good recognizability of the virtual image reflected by the reflective layer.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the laminated glass pane according to the invention, the thickness of the glass pane is from 50 μm to 300 μm, preferably from 50 μm to 100 μm, for example 70 μm.

[0022] As mentioned above, the reflection layer is a reflection layer for reflecting light. The reflection layer is preferably opaque or partially transparent, which means within the meaning of the present invention that its average transmittance in the visible spectral range (according to ISO 9050:2003) is preferably at most 80%, particularly preferably at most 50%, and in particular less than 10%. The reflection layer preferably reflects at least 10%, particularly preferably at least 50%, and very particularly preferably at least 80%, and in particular at least 90% of the light incident on the reflection layer. The reflection layer preferably reflects p-polarized light and s-polarized light in equal proportions, but it can also reflect p-polarized light and s-polarized light to different degrees. In one embodiment, the light reflected by the reflection layer mainly contains p-polarized light, so that the virtual image is clearly visible even when using s-polarized sunglasses.

[0023] The light reflected by the reflective layer is preferably visible light, ie light in the wavelength range of about 380 nm to 780 nm.The reflective layer preferably has a high and uniform reflectivity (via different illumination angles) for p-polarized and / or s-polarized radiation, thereby ensuring a strong and color-neutral image rendering.

[0024] The indication of the polarization direction refers to the plane of incidence of the radiation on the composite pane. P-polarized radiation is radiation whose electric field oscillates in the plane of incidence. S-polarized radiation is radiation whose electric field oscillates perpendicularly to the plane of incidence. The plane of incidence is spanned by the incidence vector and the surface normal of the composite pane at the geometric center of the irradiated area.

[0025] In other words, the polarization, i.e. in particular the ratio of p-polarized radiation to s-polarized radiation, is determined at a point of the area illuminated by the image display device, preferably at the geometric center of the illuminated area. Since the laminated glass pane can be curved (for example when configured as a windshield), which has an effect on the incidence plane of the radiation, slightly deviating polarization components may occur in other areas, which is unavoidable for physical reasons.

[0026] In principle, the reflective layer can be constructed as one or more layers, i.e., it can consist of a single layer made of a single material or a multilayer of different materials (i.e., a plurality of single layers made of different materials). If the reflective layer consists of multiple layers, it can also be considered as a multilayer coating or a thin film stack or a series of thin single layers.

[0027] The reflective layer is designed to be suitable for reflecting light, preferably visible light. In particular, the layer thickness and refractive index of the reflective layer are selected so that constructive interference occurs at the reflective layer when the incident light is reflected. The light generated by the imaging unit of the projection assembly and directed onto the reflective layer is usually not only of a single wavelength, but of a wavelength range with many different wavelengths. Similarly, the incident light is not incident at only a single angle of incidence, but at many different angles of incidence within a certain range. It is to be understood that a reflection with as wide a spectrum as possible at different angles of incidence is advantageous, although a satisfactory compromise must be found in practice. Those skilled in the art are familiar with the reflection on thin layers and can determine suitable conditions based on simple experiments.

[0028] According to a first alternative of the invention, the reflective layer is a dielectric layer. According to a second alternative of the invention, the reflective layer is a silicon-based layer. According to a third alternative of the invention, the reflective layer is a carbide layer. With these reflective layers, a broad-spectrum reflection with high reflectivity can be achieved based on constructive interference. In any case, the reflective layer is not a metal layer, i.e., it is not a layer containing or consisting of metal. Furthermore, the reflective layer is not a holographic optical element, i.e., the light is reflected by the reflective layer without being diffracted. Therefore, the reflective layer configured in the form of a dielectric layer according to the first alternative of the invention is not a polymer layer as a component of a holographic optical element.

[0029] In a first alternative of the invention, the reflective layer is a dielectric layer and contains or consists of one or more non-conductive or weakly conductive materials in which the charge carriers present cannot move freely (insulator). The dielectric layer can be a single-ply layer or a multi-ply layer, in particular a two-ply layer.

[0030] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the dielectric layer is a two-ply layer (bilayer), wherein the bilayer consists of a first layer and a second layer, wherein the first layer contains or consists of an optically high refractive material (having a high refractive index) and the second layer contains or consists of an optically low refractive material (having a low refractive index). The terms "high refractive index" and "low refractive index" are common in the art. In order to avoid absolute specifications, the term "high refractive index" can also be interpreted as "higher refractive index" and the term "low refractive index" can also be interpreted as "lower refractive index", wherein the relative specification relates to the refractive indices of the two layers.

[0031] A particular advantage of a double-layer reflective layer is the possibility of simpler production using PVD methods (especially sputtering), since experience has shown that single-layer reflective layers with the desired layer thickness and refractive index are more difficult to produce. In addition, a double-layer coating offers greater freedom in varying the layer thickness and refractive index of the individual layers in order to achieve a reflection that is as broad as possible at different angles of incidence. For this purpose, the two layers of the double-layer reflective layer preferably have different thicknesses and / or different refractive indices.

[0032] Advantageously, the first layer of optically high refractive material has a refractive index of 1.9 to 2.5, and / or the second layer of optically low refractive material has a refractive index of 1.3 to 1.6. Particularly advantageously, the first layer of optically high refractive material has a thickness of 50 to 100 nm, preferably 70 to 90 nm, and / or the second layer of optically low refractive material has a thickness of 100 to 200 nm, preferably 110 to 150 nm. As shown in the experiments of the inventors, these parameters enable light to be reflected with high reflectivity at different incident angles with a particularly high bandwidth. For example, a double reflective layer made of TiO x / SiO x (titanium oxide / silicon oxide), where TiO x The refractive index of SiO is n = 2.45. x The refractive index n = 1.45.

[0033] In the context of the present invention, the refractive index is specified in all cases relative to a wavelength of 550 nm. Methods for determining the refractive index are known to those skilled in the art. The refractive index specified within the scope of the present invention can be measured, for example, by ellipsometry, wherein a commercially available spectroscopic ellipsometer can be used.

[0034] The first layer of optically high refractive material is located between the glass plate and the second layer of optically low refractive material, ie the first layer of optically high refractive material is arranged closer to the glass plate than the second layer of optically low refractive material.

[0035] Preferably, when the reflective layer is designed as a double-layer reflective layer comprising a first layer having an optically high refractive material and a second layer having an optically low refractive material, the coated glass plate is arranged on the inner surface (surface IV) of the inner glass plate, wherein the reflective layer is located on the inner surface (surface VI) of the glass plate. With such an arrangement, incident light can be reflected with a wide bandwidth and particularly high reflectivity.

[0036] In a second alternative of the invention, the reflective layer is a silicon-based layer, i.e. the reflective layer contains silicon or consists of silicon, wherein the silicon is contained in the form of undoped silicon, doped silicon or silicon compounds. The silicon-based layer can be a single-ply layer or a multi-ply layer, in particular a two-ply layer.

[0037] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the silicon-based layer is a single-ply layer, i.e. consists of a single layer of the same material. Advantageously, the silicon-based layer contains or consists of undoped silicon. Alternatively, the silicon-based layer contains doped silicon doped with one or more dopants, wherein the dopants are preferably selected from boron (B), aluminum (Al) and zirconium (Zr), or consist thereof. As the inventors were able to show, such a reflective layer can reflect incident light in a wide spectrum with high reflectivity.

[0038] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the silicon-based layer is a double-layer reflective layer (double layer), wherein the double-layer reflective layer consists of a first layer and a second layer, wherein the first layer contains or consists of silicon doped with one or more dopants, wherein the dopants are in particular selected from boron (B), aluminum (Al) and zirconium (Zr), and the second layer contains or consists of a silicon compound. As the inventors were able to show, with such a reflective layer, high reflectivity can be achieved over a wide spectrum. For example, a double-layer reflective layer consists of Si(B) / SiAlN x 、Si(ZrAl) / SiAlO x or Si(B) / SiAlO xComposition. The dopant is indicated in each case in brackets. The first layer is located between the glass pane and the second layer, ie the first layer is closer to the glass pane than the second layer.

[0039] Advantageously, the silicon-based layer has a thickness comprised between 10 and 100 nm, preferably between 20 and 50 nm.

[0040] In a particular embodiment of the invention, a single or double reflective layer is arranged on the outer surface (surface V) and the inner surface (surface VI) of the glass sheet. It is conceivable to add an additional SiO2 layer to the reflective layer on the inner surface (surface VI) of the glass sheet to further increase the reflectivity. The SiO2 layer preferably has a thickness of 50 to 150 nm, more preferably 70 to 130 nm.

[0041] In a third alternative of the invention, the reflective layer is a carbide layer, i.e. the reflective layer contains a carbide compound or consists of a carbide compound. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the carbide layer is a single-ply layer, i.e. consists of a single layer of the same substance. Advantageously, the carbide layer is a single-ply layer and has a layer thickness of 10 to 100 nm, preferably 30 to 80 nm. Advantageously, the carbide layer contains TiC or ZrC, or consists of TiC or ZrC. As the inventors were able to show, high reflectivity can be achieved in a wide spectrum with such a reflective layer.

[0042] Unless otherwise stated, the specification of layer thickness or thickness refers to the geometric thickness of the layer. Methods for determining layer thickness are known to those skilled in the art. The layer thickness specified within the scope of the present invention can be determined, for example, by ellipsometry, wherein a commercially available spectroscopic ellipsometer can be used.

[0043] As described above, in the laminated glazing according to the invention, at least one masking layer is arranged in one region of the laminated glazing. The masking layer is preferably arranged in an edge region of the laminated glazing which is usually adjacent to the glazing edge of the laminated glazing. A great advantage of this arrangement is obtained when the laminated glazing is used as a windshield in a vehicle, since the masking layer, when arranged in the edge region, is outside the main visual area of ​​the driver.

[0044] The masking layer is preferably arranged at least along the lower edge and adjacent to the lower edge. This results in a rectangular opaque strip arranged along the lower edge when looking at the laminated glass panel.

[0045] In a particular embodiment of the laminated glass sheet according to the invention, the masking layer is designed to extend circumferentially in a frame-like manner. In the portion where the glass sheet and therefore also the reflective layer applied thereto are arranged overlapping with the masking layer, the frame-like masking layer is preferably provided with a widened portion, i.e. its width (dimension perpendicular to the extension) is greater than in the other portions. In this way, the masking layer can be adapted in a suitable manner to the dimensions of the glass sheet to which the reflective layer is applied. In a preferred embodiment, the masking layer is therefore designed to extend circumferentially in a frame-like manner and, in particular in the portion overlapping with the glass sheet, the width is greater than in the portion different therefrom.

[0046] The glass plate with the reflective layer applied thereon preferably has substantially the shape of a rectangle extending between two side edges in the region near the lower edge. Particularly preferably, the edge of the glass plate does not touch the side edges and the lower edge, but is, for example, 2 cm to 5 cm away from them.

[0047] An opaque covering layer within the meaning of the invention is a layer which prevents vision through the laminated glass pane. In this case, at most 5%, preferably at most 2%, particularly preferably at most 1%, in particular at most 0.1% of the light of the visible spectrum is transmitted through the masking layer. The masking layer is therefore an opaque masking layer, preferably a black masking layer.

[0048] The masking layer is preferably a coating consisting of one or more layers. Alternatively, the masking layer can also be a colored region of a thermoplastic interlayer. According to a preferred embodiment of the laminated glazing, the masking layer consists of a single layer. This has the advantage of a particularly simple and cost-effective production of the laminated glazing, since only a single layer has to be formed for the masking layer. The masking layer is in particular an opaque masking print made of a dark, preferably black enamel.

[0049] Advantageously, the at least one masking layer is formed as an opaque masking mark arranged on the inner side surface (face II) of the outer glass pane, in particular made of a dark, preferably black enamel. Alternatively or additionally, the masking layer is designed as an opaque masking mark arranged on the outer side surface (face III) of the inner glass pane, in particular made of a dark, preferably black enamel. In particular, a first opaque masking mark can be arranged on the inner side surface (face II) of the outer glass pane and a second opaque masking mark can be arranged on the outer side surface (face III) of the inner glass pane.

[0050] If a glass pane coated with at least one reflective layer is arranged on the outer side surface (face III) of the inner glass pane, a masking layer is present between the outer glass pane and the coated glass pane. If an additional masking layer (e.g. an opaque masking print) is arranged closer to the inner glass pane, such a masking layer is provided with one or more openings to ensure that the reflective layer is clearly visible from the inside.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, the masking layer is designed as an opaquely colored region of the thermoplastic intermediate layer.In one embodiment, the thermoplastic intermediate layer is formed in one piece and is opaquely colored in one region.

[0052] The opaque masking layer formed as an opaque colored area of ​​the thermoplastic interlayer can also be realized by using a thermoplastic interlayer composed of an opaque thermoplastic film and a transparent thermoplastic film. The opaque thermoplastic film and the transparent thermoplastic film are preferably arranged offset from each other so that the two films do not overlap when viewed through the laminated glass panel. The transparent film and the opaque film are composed of the same plastic or preferably contain the same plastic. The materials that can be used to form the opaque film and the transparent film are those also described for the thermoplastic interlayer. The opaque film is preferably a colored film that can have different colors, especially black.

[0053] The laminated glazing according to the invention can in particular have an opaque masking imprint arranged on the inside surface of the inner glazing, in particular at least in the region where the glazing is arranged. Such a masking imprint on the inside surface of the inner glazing improves the adhesive properties of this surface with respect to the adhesive layer. The opaque masking imprint is preferably designed in the shape of a frame.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the laminated glass pane according to the invention, a reflective layer for reflecting light is arranged on the inner surface of the glass pane, and the protective layer is arranged on the reflective layer.

[0055] In a further preferred embodiment of the laminated glass pane according to the invention, a reflective layer for reflecting light is arranged both on the inner surface of the glass pane and on the outer surface of the glass pane, and a protective layer is arranged on the reflective layer arranged on the inner surface of the glass pane. A protective layer is not necessary for the reflective layer arranged on the outer surface of the glass pane, since this reflective layer is connected to the inner glass pane via the adhesive layer and is thus protected. Optionally, a protective layer may also be arranged on the reflective layer arranged on the outer surface of the glass pane.

[0056] The protective layer is preferably transparent and is applied in a planar manner, in particular congruently, to the reflective layer. The protective layer is preferably a polymer based on polyacrylates, polyoximes, alkyd resins, polyurethanes or mixtures thereof. The protective layer preferably has a thickness of 50 nm to 10 μm, particularly preferably 100 nm to 5 μm. In particular, the protective layer does not consist of a glass material, i.e., the protective layer is not a glass plate.

[0057] The protective layer protects the reflective layer from mechanical damage, such as scratches. It can also be used to improve the durability of the reflective layer.

[0058] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protective layer is an easy-to-clean layer and / or an "anti-fingerprint" layer. For the purposes of the present invention, an easy-to-clean layer means that dirt, for example in the form of fingerprints, oil spots and dirt particles on the protective layer can be removed from the protective layer by using a cloth, preferably a microfiber cloth. Grease-dissolving or abrasive cleaning agents and solvents, such as those based on alcohols, are thus largely avoided for the cleaning of the protective layer. For the purposes of the present invention, an anti-fingerprint layer is understood to be a layer which serves to make fingerprints adhering to the protective layer almost or completely visually imperceptible. The term "fingerprint" refers in particular to greasy components of human fingers which remain on a surface when touching the surface and which may be unsightly.

[0059] The adhesive layer is preferably a thermoplastic layer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA). Suitable optically clear adhesives (OCA) are known to those skilled in the art. The adhesive layer formed as a thermoplastic layer comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU), or a mixture, or a copolymer, or a derivative thereof, particularly preferably PVB. The thermoplastic layer is usually formed by a thermoplastic film (bonding film). The thickness of the thermoplastic layer is preferably 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 760 μm. The thermoplastic polymer layer can be formed by a single film, or it can also be formed by more than one film. The glass plate can be firmly bonded to the inner glass plate, for example, by lamination.

[0060] As is common in automotive glazing, the laminated glass pane is preferably curved in one or more spatial directions, with typical radii of curvature being between about 10 cm and about 40 m. However, the laminated glass pane can also be flat, for example if it is provided as a glazing for a bus, train or tractor.

[0061] The thermoplastic interlayer, via which the outer glass pane is joined to the inner glass pane, comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU), or a mixture, or a copolymer, or a derivative thereof, particularly preferably PVB. The thermoplastic interlayer is usually formed by a thermoplastic film (joining film). The thickness of the thermoplastic interlayer is preferably 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 760 μm. The thermoplastic interlayer can be formed by a single film or also by more than one film. The thermoplastic interlayer can also be a film with functional properties, for example a film with sound damping properties.

[0062] The outer pane and the inner pane preferably contain glass or consist of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass or transparent plastic, preferably hard transparent plastic, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and / or mixtures thereof.

[0063] The outer and inner glass panes may be transparent and colorless, but may also be tinted or colored. In a preferred embodiment, the total transmittance through the windshield in the main perspective area (light type A) is greater than 70%. The term total transmittance relates to the method for testing the light transmittance of motor vehicle glass panes as defined by ECE-R 43, Appendix 3, §9.1. Independently of each other, the outer and inner glass panes may be unprestressed, partially prestressed or prestressed. If at least one glass pane is prestressed, this may be thermal prestressing or chemical prestressing.

[0064] The thickness of the outer pane and the inner pane can vary within wide ranges and thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. The outer pane and the inner pane preferably have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, particularly preferably 1 mm to 3 mm, very particularly preferably 1.6 mm to 2.1 mm. For example, the outer pane has a thickness of 2.1 mm and the inner pane has a thickness of 1.6 mm. However, the outer pane or in particular the inner pane can also be thin glass with a thickness of, for example, 0.55 mm.

[0065] The glass sheet preferably contains or consists of aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, or aluminoborosilicate glass. The glass sheet may be tempered, partially tempered, or non-tempered.

[0066] The laminated glazing according to the invention may comprise one or more additional interlayers, in particular functional interlayers. The additional interlayer may in particular be an interlayer having acoustic damping properties, an interlayer reflecting infrared radiation, an interlayer absorbing infrared radiation, an interlayer absorbing ultraviolet radiation, an at least partially tinted layer and / or an at least partially dyed interlayer. If a plurality of additional interlayers are present, they may also have different functions.

[0067] The invention also relates to a projection assembly comprising a laminated glass pane according to the invention and an imaging unit projecting onto a reflective layer.

[0068] Therefore, according to the present invention, there is also provided a projection assembly, comprising:

[0069] a laminated glazing comprising an outer glazing having an outer side surface and an inner side surface, a thermoplastic interlayer, an inner glazing having an outer side surface and an inner side surface, at least one masking layer arranged in the region of the laminated glazing between the outer glazing and the inner glazing, an adhesive layer and a glazing having an outer side surface and an inner side surface and a thickness of 20 μm to 500 μm,

[0070] wherein a thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged between an outer glass pane and an inner glass pane, an adhesive layer is arranged between the inner glass pane and the glass pane, and a reflective layer for reflecting light is arranged on the outer surface of the glass pane and / or on the inner surface of the glass pane,

[0071] And wherein the glass pane is arranged in a region of the laminated glass pane which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane, is completely within the region in which the masking layer is arranged.

[0072] - and an imaging unit projected at the reflective layer.

[0073] In particular, the combination of the reflective layer and the masking layer at the rear from the perspective of the vehicle occupants leads to good visibility of the image in the projection assembly according to the invention, even in the case of external solar radiation and when using an attenuated light imaging unit. Even in these cases, the image generated by the imaging unit appears bright and can be perfectly seen. This makes it possible to reduce the power of the imaging unit and thus reduce energy consumption.

[0074] From the perspective of a vehicle occupant, the reflective layer is spatially arranged in front of the masking layer when looking through the inner glass pane. Thus, the area of ​​the laminated glass pane in which the reflective layer is arranged appears opaque. The expression "when looking through the laminated glass pane" means looking through the laminated glass pane starting from the inner side surface of the laminated glass pane. The expression "spatially in front" as used in the present invention means that the reflective layer is spatially arranged further away from the outer side surface of the outer glass pane than the masking layer. Preferably, the masking layer is widened at least in the area where it overlaps with the reflective layer and in which the laminated glass pane is used to display an image. This means that the masking layer is wider in this area than in other parts when looking perpendicularly to the closest part of the peripheral edge of the laminated glass pane. In this way, the masking layer can be adapted to the size of the reflective layer.

[0075] The imaging unit of the projection assembly emits light and is arranged near the inner surface of the inner glass pane so that the imaging unit illuminates this surface, wherein the light is reflected by the reflective layer of the laminated glass pane. The reflective layer preferably reflects at least 10%, particularly preferably at least 50%, very particularly preferably at least 80%, and in particular at least 90% of the light that strikes the reflective layer in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm and at an angle of incidence of 55° to 80°. This is advantageous for achieving the greatest possible brightness of the image emitted by the imaging unit and reflected on the reflective layer.

[0076] The imaging unit is used to emit images and can therefore also be referred to as a projector, a display device or an image display device. For example, a display or other devices known to those skilled in the art can be used as an imaging unit. The imaging unit is preferably a display, particularly preferably an LCD display, an LED display, an OLED display or an electroluminescent display, in particular an LCD display. The display has a low installation height and is therefore simply integrated into the dashboard of the vehicle in a space-saving manner. In addition, the display can be operated in a significantly more energy-efficient manner than other imaging units. In the combination of the reflective layer and the masking layer located behind it according to the present invention, the relatively low brightness of the display is completely sufficient here. The radiation of the imaging unit is preferably incident on the reflective layer region on the laminated glass plate at an angle of incidence of 55° to 80°, preferably 62° to 77°. The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident vector of the radiation of the image display device and the surface normal of the geometric center of the reflective layer.

[0077] Due to the fact that the reflective layer is arranged on the outer and / or inner surface of the glass pane having a thickness of 20 μm to 500 μm which is glued according to one embodiment of the invention to the inner surface of the inner glass pane, the occurrence of disturbing ghost images is avoided.

[0078] In a projection assembly having a reflective layer applied to the inside surface of a glass plate, a desired virtual image is produced by reflection from the reflective layer, and no ghost images occur.

[0079] In a projection assembly with a reflective layer applied to the outside surface of a glass sheet, the desired virtual image is generated by reflection from the reflective layer and, in addition, a second virtual image, a so-called ghost image, is generated by reflection from the inside surface of the glass sheet.

[0080] For a projection assembly having a reflective layer applied to the outer surface of a glass sheet and a reflective layer applied to the inner surface of the glass sheet, a first virtual image is generated by reflection on the reflective layer applied to the outer surface of the glass sheet, and a second virtual image is additionally generated on the reflective layer applied to the inner surface of the glass sheet.

[0081] However, at low thicknesses of the glass pane according to the invention, the spatial offset between the first virtual image and the ghost image or between the first virtual image and the second virtual image is small enough not to interfere. This effect is based on the typical angular visual sensitivity of the human eye: the thin glass pane according to the invention is such that the offset between the first virtual image and the ghost image or between the first virtual image and the second virtual image is no longer discernible by the human eye.

[0082] The preferred designs of the laminated glass pane according to the invention described above also apply correspondingly to the projection arrangement according to the invention, and vice versa.

[0083] According to the invention, there is a method for producing a laminated glass panel according to the invention, comprising:

[0084] a) producing a composite material of an outer pane having an outer surface and an inner surface, a thermoplastic interlayer and an inner pane having an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the thermoplastic interlayer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane, and at least one masking layer is arranged in a region between the outer pane and the inner pane;

[0085] b) providing a glass sheet having an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein a reflective layer for reflecting light is arranged on the outer surface of the glass sheet and / or on the inner surface of the glass sheet;

[0086] c) Joining the glass pane to the inner glass pane via the adhesive layer to form a laminated glass pane, so that the glass pane is arranged in an area of ​​the laminated glass pane which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane, is completely within the area in which the masking layer is arranged.

[0087] Steps a), b) and c) can be carried out in the order given, simultaneously or in any desired order. In particular, step c) can be carried out before or after step a). If the coated glass sheet is applied to the outer side surface of the inner glass sheet (face III), step a) is carried out after step c). If the coated glass sheet is applied to the inner side surface of the inner glass sheet (face IV), step c) can be carried out after step a).

[0088] As explained above, the glass pane is arranged in an area of ​​the laminated glass pane which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane, is completely located in the area where the masking layer is arranged. The outer dimensions of the glass pane are therefore smaller than the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane of the laminated glass pane. The provision of the glass pane in step b) can be carried out, for example, as follows: a reflective layer is applied over the entire surface of the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the uncoated glass pane whose outer dimensions, i.e. the width and length, are greater than the desired, and then a portion with the desired dimensions is cut out from such a coated glass pane, for example by means of a laser cutting method. The reflective layer can be selectively arranged in the area of ​​the laminated glass pane via the glass pane with the reflective layer. The provision of the glass pane in step b) can further include applying a protective layer on the reflective layer applied to the inner surface and / or the outer surface. The protective layer is preferably applied to the reflective layer by means of spraying, for example using a pressure atomizer.

[0089] If the laminated glass pane is to be curved, a curved outer glass pane and a curved inner glass pane are inserted in step a). The glass pane with the reflective layer is flexible due to the small thickness of the glass panes and is adapted to the curved inner glass pane in step c). This is an advantage of the method according to the invention. With the method according to the invention, the reflective layer coating is carried out on a flat substrate.

[0090] The production of the composite material in step a) or step c) can be carried out by means of lamination methods familiar to those skilled in the art.

[0091] When a glass pane is provided in step b), the reflective layer can be applied by means of generally known coating methods, such as magnetron sputtering or cold gas spraying.

[0092] The preferred embodiments of the laminated glazing according to the invention described above also apply correspondingly to the method according to the invention for producing the laminated glazing according to the invention.

[0093] The invention also relates to the use of a laminated glass pane according to the invention as vehicle glazing in land, air or water transportation vehicles, in particular in motor vehicles, and in particular as a windshield for a head-up display.

[0094] The various embodiments of the present invention can be implemented alone or in any combination. In particular, the features mentioned above can be used not only in the specified combination, but also in other combinations or alone without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0095] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments, wherein reference is made to the accompanying drawings. In a simplified, not to scale representation:

[0096] Figure 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a laminated glass panel according to the present invention,

[0097] Figure 2 Show Through Figure 1 A cross section of the embodiment shown in

[0098] Figure 3 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0099] Figure 4 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0100] Figure 5 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0101] Figure 6 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0102] Figure 7 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0103] Figure 8 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0104] Fig. 9 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0105] Fig.10 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0106] Fig.11 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0107] Fig.12 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0108] Fig.13 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0109] Fig.14 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0110] Fig.15 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0111] Fig.16 shows a cross section through one embodiment of a projection assembly according to the invention,

[0112] Fig.17 shows a cross section through a coated glass sheet,

[0113] Fig.18 shows a cross section through another coated glass sheet,

[0114] Fig.19 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0115] Fig. 20 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0116] Fig.21 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention, and

[0117] Fig. 22 An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown with the aid of a flow chart.

[0118] Figure 1 A plan view of one embodiment of a laminated glass panel 100 according to the present invention is shown and Figure 2 The figure shows the cutting line XX' passing through Figure 1A cross section of a laminated glass panel 100 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 and 2 The laminated glass panel 100 shown in has an upper edge O, a lower edge U and two side edges S. In addition, the laminated glass panel 100 includes an outer glass panel 1 having an outer surface I and an inner surface II, an inner glass panel 2 having an outer surface III and an inner surface IV, a thermoplastic interlayer 3, a masking layer 4, an adhesive layer 5 and a glass panel 6 having an outer surface V and an inner surface VI. The thermoplastic interlayer 3 is arranged between the outer glass panel 1 and the inner glass panel 2, the inner glass panel 2 is arranged between the outer glass panel 1 and the glass panel 6, and the adhesive layer 5 is arranged between the inner glass panel 2 and the glass panel 6. The outer glass panel 1, the thermoplastic interlayer 3 and the inner glass panel 2 are arranged to cover the entire surfaces of each other. The masking layer 4 is arranged between the outer glass panel 1 and the inner glass panel 2 in a region of the laminated glass panel 100 where the area coverage is less than the area coverage of the laminated glass panel 100, i.e. the masking layer 4 does not extend over the entire surface of the laminated glass panel 100. In Figure 1 and 2 In the embodiment shown in , the masking layer 4 is designed as a first opaque masking mark arranged on the inner surface II of the outer glass panel 1 and is arranged only in the edge region of the laminated glass panel 100 adjacent to the lower edge U. The glass panel 6 is arranged in a region of the laminated glass panel 100 which is completely located in the region where the masking layer 4 is arranged when viewed vertically through the laminated glass panel 100. The glass panel 6 is therefore smaller than the inner glass panel 2 in terms of its outer dimensions. The outer surface V of the glass panel 6 is connected to the inner surface IV of the inner glass panel 2 via the adhesive layer 5. Figure 2 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , a reflective layer 7 for reflecting light is arranged on the inner surface VI of the glass plate 6 .

[0119] The glass pane 6 is made of aluminosilicate glass, for example, and has a thickness of 70 μm. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 contains PVB, for example, and has a thickness of 0.76 mm. The outer glass pane 1 is made of soda-lime glass, for example, and is 2.1 mm thick. The inner glass pane 2 is made of soda-lime glass, for example, and is 1.6 mm thick.

[0120] The adhesive layer 5 is composed of, for example, an optically transparent adhesive. Alternatively, the adhesive layer 5 is composed of a thermoplastic material such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and the glass plate 6 is bonded to the inner glass plate 2 by lamination.

[0121] It should be understood that the laminated glass panel 100 can have any suitable geometric shape and / or curvature. Typically, the laminated glass panel 100 is a curved laminated glass panel. For example, the laminated glass panel 100 is a windshield of a motor vehicle.

[0122] exist Figure 1 and 2In the embodiment shown in , the masking layer 4 extends between the two side edges S of the laminated glass panel 100 and, starting from the lower edge U of the laminated glass panel 100 , has a width of, for example, 30 cm.

[0123] Figure 3 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 3 The embodiment shown in cross section in Figure 2 )and Figure 2 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that a protective layer 8 is additionally applied over the entire surface of the reflective layer 7 applied to the inner surface VI of the glass plate 6. The protective layer 8 is preferably a polymer based on polyacrylate, polyoxime, alkyd resin, polyurethane or a mixture thereof. The protective layer 8 has a thickness of, for example, 500 nm.

[0124] Figure 4 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 4 The embodiment shown in cross section in Figure 2 )and Figure 2 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that masking layer 4 is not designed as a first opaque masking mark arranged on inner surface II of outer glass pane 1 , but as a first opaque masking mark arranged on outer surface III of inner glass pane 2 .

[0125] Figure 5 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 5 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 3 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that masking layer 4 is not designed as a first opaque masking mark arranged on inner surface II of outer glass pane 1 , but as a first opaque masking mark arranged on outer surface III of inner glass pane 2 .

[0126] Figure 6 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 6 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 2 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that the masking layer 4 is not designed as a first opaque masking imprint arranged on the inner surface II of the outer glass pane 1 , but as an opaque colored region of the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 .

[0127] Figure 7 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 7 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 3The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that the masking layer 4 is not designed as a first opaque masking imprint arranged on the inner surface II of the outer glass pane 1 , but as an opaque colored region of the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 .

[0128] Figure 8 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 8 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 2 The only difference of the embodiment shown in is that the reflective layer 7 is not arranged on the inner surface VI of the glass plate 6, but on the outer surface V of the glass plate 6. Optionally, in this embodiment, the protective layer can also be arranged on the reflective layer 7 directly adjacent to the adhesive layer 5.

[0129] Fig. 9 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Fig. 9 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 2 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that, in addition to the reflective layer 7 arranged on the inner surface VI of the glass pane 6 , a reflective layer 7 is also arranged on the outer surface V of the glass pane 6 .

[0130] Fig.10 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Fig.10 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Fig. 9 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that a protective layer 8 is additionally applied to the reflective layer 7 applied to the inner surface VI of the glass plate 6. The protective layer 8 is preferably a polymer based on polyacrylate, polyoxime, alkyd resin, polyurethane or a mixture thereof. The protective layer 8 has a thickness of, for example, 500 nm. Optionally, in this embodiment, another protective layer can also be arranged directly adjacent to the adhesive layer 5 on the reflective layer 7 applied to the outer surface V of the glass plate 6.

[0131] Fig.11 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Fig.11 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 2 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that the laminated glass pane 100 additionally has a second opaque masking mark 9 applied to the inner surface IV of the inner glass pane 2. The second opaque masking mark 9 is designed, for example, in the form of a frame.

[0132] Fig.12 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Fig.12 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 3The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that the laminated glass pane 100 additionally has a second opaque masking mark 9 applied to the inner surface IV of the inner glass pane 2. The second opaque masking mark 9 is designed, for example, in the form of a frame.

[0133] Fig.13 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Fig.13 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 8 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that the laminated glass pane 100 additionally has a second opaque masking mark 9 applied to the inner surface IV of the inner glass pane 2. The second opaque masking mark 9 is designed, for example, in the form of a frame.

[0134] Fig.14 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Fig.14 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Fig. 9 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that the laminated glass pane 100 additionally has a second opaque masking mark 9 applied to the inner surface IV of the inner glass pane 2. The second opaque masking mark 9 is designed, for example, in the form of a frame.

[0135] Fig.15 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Fig.15 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Fig.10 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that the laminated glass pane 100 additionally has a second opaque masking mark 9 applied to the inner surface IV of the inner glass pane 2. The second opaque masking mark 9 is designed, for example, in the form of a frame.

[0136] Fig.16 A cross section through one embodiment of a projection assembly 101 according to the present invention is shown. Fig.16 The projection assembly 101 shown in comprises a laminated glass plate 100 and an imaging unit 10. The projection assembly 101 has an imaging unit 10. The imaging unit 10 is used to generate p-polarized light and / or s-polarized light (image information), which is guided onto the reflective layer 7 and reflected by the reflective layer 7 as reflected light into the vehicle interior, where it can be perceived by a viewer (e.g., a driver). The reflective layer 7 is designed to reflect the light of the imaging unit 10. The light is preferably irradiated onto the reflective layer 7 at an incident angle of 55° to 80°, in particular at an incident angle of 62° to 77°. The imaging unit 10 is, for example, a display, in particular an LCD display. Preferably, the imaging unit 10 is used to generate only p-polarized light, which can be clearly seen, in particular using polarized sunglasses with an s-polarization filter.

[0137] In the following, an embodiment of a coated glass sheet 6 is illustrated by cross section ( Fig.17 and 18 ) and a further embodiment of the laminated glass panel 100 according to the present invention ( Figures 19 to 21 ). In the laminated glass panel 100 according to the present invention Figures 19 to 21 In a further embodiment of the invention, the coated glass sheet 6 is arranged on the outer side surface (surface III) of the inner glass sheet 2. These embodiments can be equally used in Fig.16 In the projection assembly 101 shown as an example.

[0138] Fig.17 A cross section of one embodiment of a coated glass sheet 6 is shown. The cross section is shown only in the region of the glass sheet 6. The glass sheet 6 is coated with a single reflective layer 7. According to one embodiment, the single reflective layer 7 is a dielectric layer or a silicon-based layer, which for example contains or consists of undoped silicon or doped silicon. The doped silicon is for example doped with boron (B), aluminum (Al) and / or zirconium (Zr). Alternatively, the single reflective layer 7 is a carbide layer, for example made of, for example, TiC or ZrC.

[0139] Fig.18 A cross section through another embodiment of a coated glass sheet 6 is shown. The cross section is shown only in the region of the glass sheet 6. The glass sheet 6 is coated with a double reflective layer 7 (double body). The double reflective layer 7 consists of a first layer 11 and a second layer 12. According to one embodiment, the first layer 11 consists of a material with a high optical refractive index and the second layer 12 consists of a material with a low optical refractive index, such as TiO x / SiO x According to an alternative embodiment, the first layer 11 is composed of doped silicon and the second layer 12 is composed of a silicon compound, such as Si(B) / SiAlN x 、Si(ZrAl) / SiAlO x or Si(B) / SiAlO x composition.

[0140] Fig.19 A cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glass pane 100 according to the invention is shown. The cross section is shown only in the region of the glass pane 6. Fig.19 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 2 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that a coated glass pane 6 is applied to the outer side surface III of the inner glass pane 2. An adhesive layer 5 is located between the glass pane 6 and the inner glass pane 2. A reflective layer 7 is located between the glass pane 6 and the inner glass pane 2, i.e., is arranged on the inner side surface VI of the glass pane 6.

[0141] Fig. 20A cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glass pane 100 according to the invention is shown. The cross section is shown only in the region of the glass pane 6. Fig. 20 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 4 The difference from the embodiment shown in is that a coated glass sheet 6 is applied to the outer side surface III of the inner glass sheet 2. An adhesive layer 5 is located between the glass sheet 6 and the inner glass sheet 2. A reflective layer 7 is located between the glass sheet 6 and the inner glass sheet 2, i.e., is arranged on the inner side surface VI of the glass sheet 6. Furthermore, the masking layer 4 formed as a first opaque masking print arranged on the outer side surface III of the inner glass sheet 2 has one or more openings so that light from the imaging unit 10 can hit the reflective layer 7 and be reflected by it.

[0142] Fig.21 A cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glass pane 100 according to the invention is shown. The cross section is shown only in the region of the glass pane 6. Fig.21 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 6 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that the coated glass sheet 6 is applied to the outer side surface III of the inner glass sheet 2. The adhesive layer 5 is located between the glass sheet 6 and the inner glass sheet 2, and the reflective layer 7 is located between the glass sheet 6 and the inner glass sheet 2, i.e., arranged on the inner side surface VI of the glass sheet 6.

[0143] exist Fig. 22 An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown using a flow chart.

[0144] In step S1, a composite material is produced from an outer glass pane 1 having an outer surface I and an inner surface II, a thermoplastic interlayer 3, and an inner glass pane 2 having an outer surface III and an inner surface IV, wherein the thermoplastic interlayer 3 is arranged between the outer glass pane 1 and the inner glass pane 2, and a masking layer 4 is arranged in a region between the outer glass pane 1 and the inner glass pane 2.

[0145] In step S2 , a glass plate 6 having an outer surface V and an inner surface VI is provided, wherein a reflective layer 7 for reflecting light is arranged on the outer surface V of the glass plate 6 and / or on the inner surface VI of the glass plate 6 .

[0146] In step S3, glass pane 6 is connected to inner glass pane 2 of the composite material via adhesive layer 5 to form laminated glass pane 100, so that glass pane 6 is arranged in an area of ​​laminated glass pane 100 that is completely located within the area where masking layer 4 is arranged when viewed vertically through laminated glass pane 100.

[0147] Steps S1, S2 and S3 may be performed in any order or simultaneously.

[0148] From the above it can be seen that the present invention provides an improved laminated glass pane, whereby the image of the projector is reflected and the virtual image can be visually perceived with sufficient brightness and high contrast, so that good recognizability is reliably ensured in all weather and lighting conditions, in particular for safety-related information. In addition, unwanted ghost images can be avoided. In industrial mass production, the laminated glass pane can be produced efficiently and cost-effectively, wherein the production of the laminated glass pane can be easily implemented in common production processes.

[0149] List of reference numerals:

[0150] 100 Laminated glass panels

[0151] 101 Projection Assembly

[0152] 1 Outer glass panel

[0153] 2 Inner glass panels

[0154] 3 Thermoplastic middle layer

[0155] 4 Masking layer

[0156] 5 Adhesive layer

[0157] 6 Glass Panes

[0158] 7 Reflection layer

[0159] 8. Protective layer

[0160] 9 Second opaque masking stamp

[0161] 10 Imaging Unit

[0162] 11. First floor

[0163] 12 Second Floor

[0164] O Upper edge of the laminated glass plate 100

[0165] U The lower edge of the laminated glass plate 100

[0166] S Side edge of the laminated glass plate 100

[0167] The outer surface of the outer glass plate 1

[0168] II Inner surface of outer glass plate 1

[0169] III The outer surface of the inner glass plate 2

[0170] IV The inner surface of the inner glass plate 2

[0171] The outer surface of the V glass plate 6

[0172] VI Inner surface of glass plate 6

Claims

1. A laminated glass panel (100), comprising - an outer glass pane (1) having an outer side surface (I) and an inner side surface (II), - a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3), - an inner glass pane (2) having an outer side surface (III) and an inner side surface (IV), - at least one masking layer (4), - an adhesive layer (5), a glass sheet (6) having an outer surface (V) and an inner surface (VI) and a thickness of 20 μm to 500 μm, wherein a thermoplastic interlayer (3) is arranged between an outer glass pane (1) and an inner glass pane (2), the at least one masking layer (4) is arranged between the outer glass pane (1) and the inner glass pane (2) in a region of the laminated glass pane (100), an adhesive layer (5) is arranged between the inner glass pane (2) and the glass pane (6), at least one reflective layer (7) for reflecting light is arranged on the outer side surface (V) of the glass pane (6) and / or on the inner side surface (VI) of the glass pane (6), wherein the glass pane (6) is arranged in a region of the laminated glass pane (100) which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane (100), is completely located in the region in which the at least one masking layer (4) is arranged, and The at least one reflective layer (7) contains or consists of the following layers: i) a dielectric layer, or ii) a silicon-based layer, or iii) Carbide layer.

2. The laminated glass panel (100) according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric layer is a single layer or a double layer, wherein the double layer consists of a first layer (11) and a second layer (12), wherein the first layer (11) contains or consists of an optically high refractive material and the second layer (12) contains or consists of an optically low refractive material.

3. The laminated glass panel (100) according to claim 2, wherein the first layer (11) comprising the optically high refractive material has a refractive index of 1.9 to 2.5, and / or the second layer (12) comprising the optically low refractive material has a refractive index of 1.3 to 1.

6.

4. The laminated glass panel (100) according to claim 3, wherein the first layer (11) comprising the optically high refractive material has a thickness of 50 to 100 nm, in particular 70 to 90 nm, and / or the second layer (12) comprising the optically low refractive material has a thickness of 100 to 200 nm, in particular 110 to 150 nm.

5. The laminated glass panel (100) according to claim 1, wherein the silicon-based layer is a single-ply and contains or consists of i) undoped silicon, or ii) Doped silicon doped with one or more dopants, wherein the dopants are particularly selected from boron (B), aluminum (Al) and zirconium (Zr).

6. The laminated glass panel (100) according to claim 1, wherein the silicon-based layer is a two-plylayer consisting of the following layers: a first layer (11) comprising or consisting of silicon doped with one or more dopants, wherein the dopants are in particular selected from boron (B), aluminum (Al) and zirconium (Zr), and A second layer (12) which contains a silicon compound or consists of a silicon compound.

7. The laminated glass pane (100) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the silicon-based layer has a thickness of 10 to 100 nm, in particular 20 to 50 nm.

8. The laminated glass pane (100) according to claim 1, wherein the carbide layer is a single-ply layer and has a layer thickness of 10 to 100 nm, in particular 30 to 80 nm.

9. The laminated glass pane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the glass pane (6) is applied to the inner surface (IV) or the outer surface (III) of the inner glass pane (2).

10. The laminated glass sheet (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the glass sheet (6) has a thickness of 50 μm to 300 μm, in particular 50 μm to 100 μm.

11. The laminated glass panel (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the at least one masking layer (4) is formed as i) an opaque masking mark arranged on the inner surface (II) of the outer glass pane (1) and / or the outer surface (III) of the inner glass pane (2), or ii) Opaque coloured areas of the thermoplastic interlayer (3).

12. The laminated glass panel (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the adhesive layer (5) is a thermoplastic polymer layer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA).

13. A projection assembly (101), comprising at least: - A laminated glass panel (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, - an imaging unit (10) projected onto the at least one reflecting layer (7).

14. A method for producing a laminated glass panel (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising: a) producing a composite material from an outer pane (1) having an outer surface (I) and an inner surface (II), a thermoplastic interlayer (3) and an inner pane (2) having an outer surface (III) and an inner surface (IV), wherein the thermoplastic interlayer (3) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2), and at least one masking layer (4) is arranged in a region between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2); b) providing a glass sheet (6) having an outer surface (V) and an inner surface (VI), wherein at least one reflective layer (7) for reflecting light is arranged on the outer surface (V) of the glass sheet (6) and / or on the inner surface (VI) of the glass sheet (6); c) joining the glass pane (6) to the inner glass pane (2) via the adhesive layer (5) to form a laminated glass pane (100), whereby the glass pane is arranged in an area of ​​the laminated glass pane (100) which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane (100), is completely within the area in which the at least one masking layer (4) is arranged.

15. Use of a laminated glass pane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as a vehicle glass pane in land, air or water transportation vehicles, in particular in motor vehicles, and in particular as a windshield for a head-up display.

Images