Breaking valve

Abstract

A valve assembly is disclosed having a valve housing including a first axial end, a cap, a second axial end, and an airflow path extending from the first axial end toward the second axial end. The cover is positioned toward the second axial end. The valve housing includes: an ambient opening configured for fluid communication with an external environment; an enclosure opening toward the first axial end, the enclosure opening configured for fluid communication with an interior of the enclosure; and a membrane having an expansion diameter, the membrane being arranged in the valve housing so as to traverse the airflow path in a transverse direction. The cap has an inner lateral surface and a piercing protrusion (having a piercing tip) extending from the inner lateral surface toward the first axial end. An axial distance is defined between the membrane and the inner lateral surface. The ratio of the axial distance to the expanded diameter of the membrane is at least 0.14.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 404,290 filed on September 7, 2022, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure generally relates to a valve assembly. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a burst valve for an enclosure. Background Art

[0004] Various situations require conditions that allow the ability to release pressure from the enclosure. For example, applications within electronic enclosures containing sensitive electronic components and devices and heat sources, such as batteries, often require that pressure levels within the enclosure be maintained and regulated to continue to operate. Inappropriate pressure levels can interfere with the mechanical and electrical operation of the components and devices.

[0005] It may also be desirable to prevent contaminants or pollutants from the surrounding environment from entering the closed environment. Contaminants can reduce the efficiency and useful life of the components within the enclosure. These contaminants can enter the enclosure from external sources, and the contaminants can gradually damage the valve or enclosure, resulting in reduced performance and even complete failure of the device. Therefore, the valve assembly may have one or more membranes, such as a breathable membrane, that are capable of removing moisture and contaminants from any air that enters the device. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technology disclosed herein relates to a valve assembly that is configured to have improved membrane rupture at or above a set pressure differential between the ambient environment and the enclosure. In some embodiments, the technology disclosed herein improves the ability to always rupture the membrane at or above a set pressure differential. The improved membrane rupture can reduce damage to the enclosure. This improvement can be achieved in the following manner: the height of the cover of the valve assembly allows the membrane to bend or expand into the cover until the membrane ruptures open. This improvement can be achieved by having the piercing protrusion pierce the membrane when the membrane is bent or expanded. This improvement can be achieved in the following manner: the ratio of the expanded diameter of the membrane to the distance between the inner surface of the membrane and the cover allows the membrane to bend or expand to this distance until the membrane ruptures open.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the valve assembly includes a valve housing. The valve housing includes a first axial end, a cover, a second axial end, and an airflow path. The airflow path extends from the first axial end to the second axial end. The cover is positioned toward the second axial end. The valve housing also includes an environmental opening. The environmental opening is configured to communicate with an external environmental fluid. The valve housing also includes an enclosure opening toward the first axial end. The enclosure opening is configured to communicate with an internal fluid of the enclosure. The valve housing also includes a membrane. The membrane is arranged in the valve housing to cross the airflow path in the transverse direction. The membrane is arranged in the valve housing along the airflow path between the enclosure opening and the environmental opening. The cover has an inner transverse surface and a piercing protrusion. The piercing protrusion extends from the inner transverse surface of the cover toward the first axial end. The piercing protrusion includes a piercing tip end. The axial distance between the membrane and the inner transverse surface of the cover is greater than 4.4 mm.

[0008] In some such embodiments, the axial distance between the membrane and the inner lateral surface of the cap is at least 7.4 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the piercing projection is configured to pierce the membrane when the pressure difference between the enclosure opening and the ambient opening rises above a rupture threshold. Additionally or alternatively, the rupture threshold is at least 50 mbar. Additionally or alternatively, the distance between the membrane and the piercing projection is 1 mm to 3 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the length of the piercing projection is at least 2 mm.

[0009] Additionally or alternatively, the cover has a cover sidewall extending from the inner transverse surface toward the first axial end. The cover sidewall defines a cover height. Additionally or alternatively, the cover has a cover base. The cover sidewall extends from the inner transverse surface to the cover base. The piercing projection extends toward the first axial end to exceed the cover base by at least 1 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the cover height is at least 2 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the valve housing also includes a housing sidewall extending between the inner transverse surface and the first axial end.

[0010] Additionally or alternatively, the valve assembly further comprises a void space. The void space is defined between the piercing projection, the housing sidewall, the inner lateral surface and the membrane. Additionally or alternatively, the membrane comprises a breathable membrane. Additionally or alternatively, the airflow through the airflow path after the membrane is pierced is configured to increase by at least 12 times compared to the airflow through the airflow path before the membrane is pierced. Additionally or alternatively, the membrane comprises an airtight membrane. Additionally or alternatively, the surface area of ​​the expansion region of the membrane is 450 square millimeters to 1500 square millimeters. Additionally or alternatively, the piercing projection is tapered toward the first axial end.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the valve assembly includes a valve housing. The valve housing includes a first axial end, a cover, a second axial end, and an airflow path. The airflow path extends from the first axial end toward the second axial end. The cover is positioned toward the second axial end. The valve housing also includes an environmental opening. The environmental opening is configured to communicate with an external environmental fluid. The valve housing also includes an enclosure opening toward the first axial end. The enclosure opening is configured to communicate with an internal fluid of the enclosure. The valve housing also includes a membrane. The membrane is arranged in the valve housing to cross the airflow path in the transverse direction. The membrane is arranged in the valve housing along the airflow path between the enclosure opening and the environmental opening. The membrane has an expanded diameter. The cover has an inner transverse surface and a piercing protrusion. The piercing protrusion extends from the inner transverse surface of the cover toward the first axial end. The piercing protrusion has a piercing tip. An axial distance is defined between the membrane and the inner transverse surface. The ratio of the axial distance to the expanded diameter of the membrane is greater than 0.135.

[0012] In some such embodiments, the axial distance between the membrane and the inner lateral surface of the cover is at least 7.4 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the ratio of the axial distance to the expanded diameter is at least 0.228. Additionally or alternatively, the piercing projection is configured to pierce the membrane when the pressure difference between the enclosure opening and the ambient opening rises above a rupture threshold. Additionally or alternatively, the rupture threshold is at least 50 mbar. Additionally or alternatively, the distance between the membrane and the piercing projection is 1 mm to 3 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the length of the piercing projection is at least 2 mm.

[0013] Additionally or alternatively, the cover comprises a cover sidewall extending from the inner transverse surface toward the first axial end. The cover sidewall defines a cover height. Additionally or alternatively, the cover comprises a cover base. The cover sidewall extends from the inner transverse surface to the cover base. The piercing projection extends toward the first axial end to exceed the cover base by at least 1 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the cover height is at least 2 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the valve housing further comprises a housing sidewall extending between the inner transverse surface and the first axial end.

[0014] Additionally or alternatively, the valve assembly further comprises a void space. The void space is defined between the piercing projection, the housing sidewall, the inner lateral surface and the membrane. Additionally or alternatively, the membrane comprises a breathable membrane. Additionally or alternatively, the airflow passing through the airflow path after the membrane is pierced is configured to increase by at least 12 times compared to the airflow passing through the airflow path before the membrane is pierced. Additionally or alternatively, the membrane comprises an airtight membrane. Additionally or alternatively, the expanded diameter of the membrane is at least 32.5 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the surface area of ​​the expanded region of the membrane is 450 square millimeters to 1500 square millimeters. Additionally or alternatively, the piercing projection is tapered toward the first axial end.

[0015] The above is not intended to describe each embodiment or every implementation. Rather, a more complete understanding of the illustrative embodiments will become apparent and appreciated by referring to the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments and the claims in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a first perspective view of an exemplary valve assembly consistent with various embodiments.

[0017] Figure 2 is with Figure 1 A second stereogram consistent with the example.

[0018] Figure 3 is with Figure 1 An example of a consistent stereoscopic cross-sectional view.

[0019] Figure 4 is with Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a sample conformity.

[0020] Figure 5 are schematic elevation views of various shapes of expanded regions of membranes consistent with the technology disclosed herein.

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic side view of another embodiment of a valve assembly and illustrates a pressure increase.

[0022] Figure 7 is with Figure 1 A schematic side view of an example consistent with that of FIG. 1 and showing pressure increase.

[0023] Figure 8 is an exemplary graph depicting performance data.

[0024] Fig. 9 is another exemplary graph depicting performance data.

[0025] Fig.10 is another example valve assembly consistent with various embodiments.

[0026] The present technology may be more fully understood and appreciated by considering the following detailed description of various embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The drawings are primarily for clarity and, therefore, are not necessarily drawn to scale. In addition, various structures / components, including but not limited to fasteners, electrical components (wiring, cables, etc.), etc., may be illustrated in a diagrammatic manner or removed from some or all of the views to better illustrate various aspects of the depicted embodiments, or where the inclusion of such structures / components is not necessary for understanding the various exemplary embodiments described herein. However, the lack of illustration / description of such structures / components in a particular figure should not be construed as limiting the scope of the various embodiments in any way. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Valve assemblies consistent with the technology disclosed herein may have a variety of different configurations. Figures 1 to 4 An exemplary embodiment of a valve assembly 100 is shown, and Figures 1 to 4 It can be viewed together with the following description. A valve assembly 100 is disclosed, which generally has a valve housing 16, a membrane 20 and a piercing projection 12.

[0029] The valve assembly 100 is configured to be arranged in a receiving portion of the enclosure E. Figure 3 to Figure 4 A portion of an example of the enclosure E is shown in . The valve assembly 100 is generally configured to release pressure in the enclosure E that is higher than a threshold pressure differential between the enclosure and the environment outside the enclosure. In some embodiments, the valve assembly 100 can be configured to have improved reliability for releasing pressure above a threshold pressure differential compared to some existing pressure release devices. The valve assembly 100 is generally configured to rupture the membrane 20 open so that the membrane 20 is opened to allow pressure release. The valve assembly 100 is generally configured to puncture and rupture the membrane 20 when the pressure differential between the enclosure opening 19 and the environmental opening 18 rises above a threshold pressure differential, which is referred to herein as a rupture threshold.

[0030] The valve housing 16 has a first axial end 1, a cover 10, a second axial end 2 opposite to the first axial end 1, an air flow path A extending from the first axial end 1 to the second axial end 2, an environmental opening 18 and an enclosure opening 19. The valve housing 16 is generally configured to contain various components of the valve assembly including the membrane 20. The valve housing 16 can be constructed of a variety of different materials and material combinations. In some embodiments, the valve housing 16 is plastic molded. In another embodiment, the valve housing 16 is metal. In one example, at least a portion of the valve housing 16 is injection molded plastic, 3D printed plastic, or other material, etc.

[0031] The airflow path A is generally defined by the valve housing 16. The airflow path A is configured to fluidly connect the ambient opening 18 and the enclosure opening 19. The airflow path A can be defined by the valve housing 16 such that the valve housing 16 surrounds the airflow path A. The airflow path A can also be defined by the cover 10 of the valve housing 16. In some embodiments, the airflow path A can allow airflow in two directions (e.g., Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In an alternative embodiment, airflow path A may block airflow from enclosure opening 19 toward ambient opening 18 until membrane 20 is ruptured. When membrane 20 is ruptured, or when a rupture threshold is reached, airflow path A may allow bidirectional airflow.

[0032] The enclosure opening 19 is typically configured to communicate with the internal fluid of the enclosure E. The enclosure opening 19 is typically configured to define a portion of the airflow path A. The enclosure opening 19 is positioned toward the first axial end 1. In the current example, the enclosure opening 19 faces in the axial direction, which means that the enclosure opening 19 is perpendicular to the central axis of the valve housing 16. In alternative embodiments, the enclosure opening 19 may face in a lateral direction. The enclosure opening 19 may be defined by the body 16a of the valve housing 16. The valve housing 16 may be configured to be coupled to the enclosure E in a sealable manner. In some embodiments, the enclosure opening 19 is the only source of airflow A into and out of the enclosure E.

[0033] The enclosure opening 19 can define a variety of shapes and sizes. In addition, the enclosure opening 19 can include one or more openings that together define an enclosure opening.

[0034] The environmental opening 18 is generally configured to be in fluid communication with an external environment, which may be the surrounding environment. The environmental opening 18 is generally configured to define a portion of the airflow path A. The environmental opening 18 (eg, Figure 1 18a to 18c) may be located between the first axial end 1 and the second axial end 2. In an alternative embodiment, one or more environmental openings 18 may be positioned toward the second axial end 2 relative to the enclosure opening 19. The environmental opening 18 may include one or more openings. The environmental opening 18 may include, for example, four environmental openings (as shown in 18a to 18c, and the additional opening may be an opening opposite to the opening 18b, but in the embodiment shown in FIG. Figure 1 ), or the ambient opening 18 may include more than four ambient openings 18.

[0035] One or more environmental openings 18 may be defined in a lateral direction around the valve housing 16. In an alternative embodiment, one or more environmental openings 18 may be defined by, for example, the cover 10. The environmental openings 18 may face in a lateral direction, such as Figures 1 to 4 In an alternative embodiment, the environmental opening 18 may face in the axial direction (not shown). For example, the environmental opening 18 may be defined at the second axial end 2 and face in the axial direction.

[0036] The valve housing 16 is generally configured to be Figure 1 The mounting structure 38 shown in FIG. 1 is engaged with an enclosure E (e.g., an enclosure for a battery). Such engagement may be, for example, a bayonet engagement, a threaded engagement, a snap-fit ​​engagement, a fastener engagement, or a welded engagement, thereby connecting the valve assembly 100 to the enclosure E in a sealable manner. Figures 1 to 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the valve housing 16 may include a bayonet connector 40 (eg, Figure 2 40a to 40d shown in FIG. 4 ). The bayonet connector 40 is configured to sealably couple the valve assembly 100 to the enclosure E. The bayonet connector 40 may be configured to engage with a mating structure defined by the enclosure E. The bayonet connector 40 may include one or more protrusions extending away from the first axial end of the valve housing 16. The bayonet connector 40 may define one or more enclosure openings 19.

[0037] The valve assembly 100 may further include a seal 50 (eg, Figure 3 to Figure 4 ). The seal 50 may be, for example, an O-ring or a gasket. The seal 50 may be rubber or another elastomeric material. In some embodiments, the seal 50 is configured to seal the valve assembly 100 / valve housing 16 to the enclosure E. The seal 50 is generally configured to prevent gas flow from bypassing the valve assembly 100. In alternative embodiments, the seal 50 may be, for example, a weld or an adhesive. The seal 50 may be disposed within a seal receiving portion 52 defined by the valve housing 16, such as Figure 4 As shown in . The seal 50 can completely surround the enclosure opening 19.

[0038] The valve assembly 100 may also include a membrane 20 (eg, Figure 3 to Figure 4 ). The membrane 20 is typically configured to rupture open and allow pressure release at or above a rupture threshold. Prior to rupture, the membrane 20 is typically configured to prevent contaminants from entering or leaving the enclosure opening 19.

[0039] The membrane 20 is arranged in a transverse direction to cross the airflow path A. The membrane 20 can be arranged between the enclosure opening 19 and the ambient opening 18 along the airflow path. The membrane 20 is generally configured to be connected to the valve housing 16. The membrane 20 may have a peripheral area 20b that is bonded to the valve housing 16. The valve housing 16 may define a mounting surface 22 surrounding the airflow path A, and the mounting surface 22 is sealably connected to the peripheral area 20b of the membrane 20. The mounting surface 22 can be positioned between the first end 1 and the second end 2. In some embodiments, the peripheral area 20b is welded to the valve housing 16. In other embodiments, the membrane 20 has a support ring (which may or may not be circular) to support the peripheral area 20b, and the support ring is connected to the ventilation housing. In other embodiments, the peripheral area 20b is connected to the valve housing 16 by an adhesive. The expansion area 20a of the membrane 20 (at Figure 3 The expansion region 20a is capable of expanding in response to a pressure differential between the enclosure opening 19 and the one or more ambient openings 18. The expansion region 20a may be formed by an expansion diameter 21 (in Figure 3 The expanded diameter 21 is defined as the diameter across the circle defined by the expanded area 20a of the membrane 20.

[0040] The expansion diameter 21 defines the area of ​​maximum tension of the membrane during expansion, thereby limiting the deflection of the membrane. In the current example, the expansion area 20a is circular in shape, and the expansion diameter 21 is the diameter of the expansion area 20a. In one or more alternative embodiments, the expansion area 20a is not circular, Figure 5 Some examples of expansion region 20a are shown in FIG. In such embodiments, the expansion diameter 21 may be smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the expansion region 20a. Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention, the peripheral region 20b is not shown at present, but the peripheral region 20b will be positioned around the periphery of each expansion region 20a. As described above, the peripheral region is configured to be coupled to the valve housing around the airflow path.

[0041] When the expansion area is in an undeflected state, such as when the pressure difference on the film is zero, the surface area of ​​the expansion area 20a is measured. The surface area of ​​the expansion area can be 450 square millimeters (mm) to 1500 square millimeters. In alternative embodiments, the surface area of ​​the film 20 can be at least 350 square millimeters, at least 400 square millimeters, at least 450 square millimeters, at least 500 square millimeters, at least 600 square millimeters, at least 700 square millimeters, at least 800 square millimeters, at least 900 square millimeters, at least 1000 square millimeters, at least 1100 square millimeters, at least 1200 square millimeters, at least 1300 square millimeters, at least 1400 square millimeters or at least 1500 square millimeters. In further alternative embodiments, the area of ​​membrane 20 may be less than 1500 square millimeters, less than 1400 square millimeters, less than 1300 square millimeters, less than 1200 square millimeters, less than 1100 square millimeters, less than 1000 square millimeters, less than 900 square millimeters, less than 800 square millimeters, less than 700 square millimeters, less than 600 square millimeters, less than 500 square millimeters, less than 450 square millimeters, less than 400 square millimeters, or less than 350 square millimeters.

[0042] In one or more embodiments, the membrane 20 can be a breathable membrane. In such embodiments, the membrane 20 is configured to prevent particles from passing through the enclosure opening 19. In some embodiments, the membrane 20 is also configured to prevent liquids from passing through the enclosure opening 19. The membrane 20 can be configured to filter particles or debris from the air as the air flows along the airflow path A. The membrane 20 can be configured to control the humidity in the enclosure E by filtering water from the air as the air flows along the airflow path A. In some embodiments, the membrane 20 allows passive ventilation along the airflow path A between the enclosure opening 19 and the ambient opening 18.

[0043] In an alternative embodiment, the membrane 20 can be a non-breathable membrane, meaning that at room temperature, there is no measurable airflow through the rupture valve 280 at a 20 mbar pressure differential. In some embodiments, the membrane 20 has a moisture vapor permeability of 0.0 at 73°F and 50% relative humidity according to ASTM E96-00 (2021). In such alternative embodiments, airflow is obstructed along the airflow path A between the ambient opening and the enclosure opening 19. In some embodiments, the membrane 20 defines selective communication between the enclosure opening 19 and the ambient opening 18 along the airflow path. For example, when the pressure differential reaches or exceeds the rupture threshold, such selective communication can be a pressure release from the enclosure opening 19 to the ambient opening 18.

[0044] Membrane 20 can be constructed of various materials and material combinations. In various embodiments, membrane 20 is combined with a breathable membrane, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or other types of breathable membranes. Membrane 20 can be a laminate or composite material, which includes a breathable membrane, such as PTFE laminated to a woven or non-woven support layer. In some embodiments, membrane 20 is a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric. Membrane 20 can be constructed of a hydrophobic material, or membrane 20 can be treated to show hydrophobic properties. In one example, membrane 20 is a hydrophobic woven fabric or a non-woven fabric. Membrane 20 can be constructed of an oleophobic material, or membrane 20 can be treated to show oleophobic properties. In one example, membrane 20 is an oleophobic woven fabric or a non-woven fabric. In some embodiments, membrane 20 is constructed of airtight PTFE. In some such embodiments, membrane 20 can be unexpanded PTFE. In some such embodiments, membrane 20 can be non-porous PTFE. In some embodiments, PTFE is skived PTFE. In some embodiments, the PTFE is cast PTFE. Compared with some other materials, the PTFE material can advantageously have relatively high thermal stability and mechanical stability. Other types of polymer materials are also considered. In various embodiments, the membrane 20 is liquid impermeable.

[0045] The valve housing 16 may also include a support bracket 60 (eg, Figures 2 to 3 ). The support bracket 60 can be configured to provide stability and support to the membrane 20. In some embodiments, the support bracket 60 is configured to limit deflection of the membrane 20 toward the first end 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the support bracket 60 can include one or more support brackets 60 arranged laterally across the airflow path A. In an alternative embodiment, the one or more support brackets 60 can be arranged to axially surround the airflow path A. The one or more support brackets 60 can define one or more enclosure openings 19.

[0046] The valve assembly 100 may include a housing sidewall 14 (eg, Figure 3 and Figure 4). The housing sidewall 14 is an axially extending structure that laterally surrounds the airflow path A. The housing sidewall 14 generally extends in an axial direction between the first end 1 and the second end 2. In this example, the housing sidewall 14 extends in an axial direction from the membrane 20 (or the mounting surface 22) toward the second end 2. The housing sidewall 14 can be arranged around the central axis X of the valve housing 16. The housing sidewall 14 is arranged around the membrane 20. In some embodiments, the housing sidewall 14 is positioned outward from the expansion area 20a in the laterally. The housing sidewall 14 can be configured to partially isolate the airflow path A from the surrounding environment. The housing sidewall 14 can be configured to protect the membrane 20 from direct impact of debris in the external environment. One or more environmental openings 18 can be defined by the housing sidewall 14 around the valve housing 16 in the laterally.

[0047] As described above, the valve housing 16 has a cover 10. The cover 10 can be configured to protect the interior of the valve assembly 100. The cover can be configured to protect the membrane 20 from direct impact of debris from the external environment. The cover 10 can define the second axial end 2 of the valve assembly 100. In an alternative embodiment, the cover 10 can be positioned toward the second axial end 2, but does not define the second axial end 2. The cover 10 generally has an inner lateral surface 11 (at Figure 4 The inner lateral surface 11 is generally a relatively planar lateral surface. The inner lateral surface 11 helps define the airflow path A.

[0048] The valve housing 16 generally has a cover 10 and a valve body 16a coupled to the cover 10. In the present example, the cover 10 and the valve body 16a together define the valve housing 16. In some embodiments consistent with the illustrated example, the valve body 16a includes a first portion of the housing sidewall 14a, while the cover 10 defines a second portion of the housing sidewall 14b (see Figure 4 ). In such embodiments, the cover 10 is configured to be coupled to a first portion of the sidewall 14a of the valve body 16a via a second portion of the sidewall 14b. In some other embodiments, the cover 10 does not include a portion of the housing sidewall 14, and the housing sidewall 14 is entirely a component of the valve body 16a. In still other embodiments, the housing sidewall 14 is entirely a component of the cover 10, and the valve body 16a does not include a portion of the housing sidewall 14. The housing sidewall 14 generally extends between the inner lateral surface 11 and the first end 1 of the valve assembly 100.

[0049] In some embodiments, the cover 10 includes a base 15. The base 15 is generally configured to couple the cover 10 to the body 16a of the valve housing 16. In the current example, the base 15 is defined by the distal end of the second portion of the side wall 14b. The base 15 is configured to couple to the distal end of the first portion of the side wall 14a. In some other embodiments, when the cover 10 does not include a portion of the side wall, the base can be defined by the outer peripheral boundary of the cover 10. The base can be configured to form various types of connections with the valve body 16a. For example, the base 15 can be configured to form a snap fit 9 with the valve body 16a (such as Figure 3 to Figure 4 ). In alternative embodiments, the base 15 may be threadably engageable with the valve body 16a. The base 15 may be bonded to the valve body 16a using an adhesive, or may be welded to the valve body 16a. Other types of connections are also contemplated, such as, for example, a bayonet connection. In some alternative embodiments, the cap 10 may form a single component with the valve body 16a, and thus there will be no base (15).

[0050] As shown, the base 15 extends laterally outward from the central axis X (eg, Figure 1 ). In addition, the first side wall portion 14a of the valve body 16a is positioned laterally outward from the second side wall portion 14b of the cover 10. In alternative embodiments, the base 15 can extend laterally toward the central axis X so that the first side wall portion 14a of the valve body 16a is positioned laterally inward relative to the second side wall portion 14b. In alternative embodiments, the base 15 can define a lateral surface of the cover 10 that faces the first axial end 1. In some embodiments, the first side wall portion 14a and the second side wall portion 14b are not offset in the lateral direction.

[0051] The cap 10 generally has a piercing projection 12 (e.g. Figures 3 to 6 12a to 12c), the piercing projection 12 extends from the inner lateral surface 11 of the cap 10 toward the first axial end 1. The one or more piercing projections 12 are generally configured to pierce the membrane 20. The one or more piercing projections 12 can be tapered toward the first axial end 1. In alternative embodiments, the one or more piercing projections can maintain the same width or diameter for at least a portion of the length of the one or more piercing projections or the entire length.

[0052] The valve assembly 100 is generally configured to allow gas and / or liquid to escape from the interior of the enclosure E to the external environment when the environment inside the enclosure E experiences a relative pressure spike. The membrane 20 is configured to rupture open when a pressure event inside the enclosure E reaches a rupture threshold pressure.

[0053] The one or more piercing projections 12 may be configured to pierce the membrane 20 when the pressure difference between the enclosure opening 19 and the ambient opening 18 rises above a rupture threshold. The one or more piercing projections 12 may have a piercing tip 13 ( Figure 6 13a to 13b shown in FIG. 1 ). One or more piercing tip portions 13 may be relatively sharp to pierce the membrane 20. In an alternative embodiment, one or more piercing tip portions 13 may be blunt to form a tear in the membrane 20, for example to increase the area of ​​the membrane 20 that is ruptured upon piercing.

[0054] In the present example, under normal pressure conditions, the membrane 20 is generally planar, but not necessarily perfectly planar. When the pressure peak within the enclosure E exceeds the rupture threshold, the pressure causes the membrane 20 to expand toward the one or more piercing protrusions 12 until the one or more piercing protrusions 12 pierce the membrane 20. This allows airflow to pass through the membrane 20 relatively quickly and exit the valve housing 16 through the one or more environmental openings 18. However, other valve assembly configurations are also contemplated.

[0055] In some embodiments, one or more tip portions 13 of one or more piercing projections 12 may extend beyond the base 15 toward the first axial end 1. One or more tip portions 13 may extend beyond the base 15 by at least 1 mm. In alternative embodiments, one or more tip portions may extend beyond the base 15 by at least 2 mm, at least 3 mm, at least 4 mm, at least 5 mm, at least 6 mm, at least 7 mm, at least 8 mm, at least 9 mm, or at least 10 mm. In other alternative embodiments, one or more tip portions 13 may extend beyond the base 15 by less than 10 mm, less than 9 mm, less than 8 mm, less than 7 mm, less than 6 mm, less than 5 mm, less than 4 mm, less than 3 mm, less than 2 mm, or less than 1 mm. In other alternative embodiments, one or more tip portions do not extend beyond the base 15.

[0056] When the membrane is in a generally planar configuration and / or in an undeflected state, the valve assembly 100 generally defines an axial distance L between the membrane 20 and the inner lateral surface 11 of the cover 10. The minimum axial distance L can be configured to accommodate the membrane 20 to successfully rupture at the rupture threshold. The minimum axial distance L can be configured to accommodate consistent, predictable rupture of the membrane 20 at the rupture threshold, on multiple valve assemblies 100. The axial distance L is generally greater than 4.4mm. In one embodiment, the axial distance L can be greater than or equal to 6.4mm. In alternative embodiments, the axial distance L can be at least 5mm, at least 7mm, or at least 9mm. Except for the space limitations configured to accommodate the installed valve assembly 100, the maximum axial distance is generally not limited. In an embodiment, the axial distance L can be less than 30mm, less than 27mm, less than 25mm, less than 22mm, less than 20mm, less than 17mm, or less than 15mm.

[0057] In the present example, the cover height Z (eg Figure 4 ) is defined in the axial direction from the inner transverse surface 11 of the cap 10 to the base 15. The cap height Z does not generally include the length (if any) of the piercing projection 12 extending beyond the base 15. The cap height Z can be at least 2mm. In alternative embodiments, the cap height Z can be at least 2mm, at least 3mm, at least 4mm, at least 5mm, at least 6mm, at least 7mm, at least 8mm, at least 9mm, at least 10mm, at least 11mm, at least 12mm, at least 13mm, at least 14mm, or at least 15mm. In other alternative embodiments, the cap height Z can be less than 15mm, less than 14mm, less than 13mm, less than 12mm, less than 11mm, less than 10mm, less than 9mm, less than 8mm, less than 7mm, less than 6mm, less than 5mm, less than 4mm, less than 3mm, or less than 2mm. However, it should be understood that in embodiments where the cap is not combined with a portion of the housing sidewall 14, the cap height can be zero.

[0058] The ratio R1 of the axial distance L to the expanded diameter 21 can be selected to increase the likelihood of successful rupture during a high pressure event. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the larger the expanded diameter 21 of the membrane 20, the greater the axial distance L required to ensure that the membrane ruptures. This will be discussed below. Figure 6 and Figure 71. The ratio of the axial distance L to the expanded diameter 21 will generally be greater than 0.14. In some embodiments, the ratio of the axial distance L to the expanded diameter 21 is greater than or equal to 0.20, 0.23, or 0.25. The maximum ratio of the axial distance L to the expanded diameter 21 is not particularly limited except by the space limitations configured to accommodate the installed valve assembly 100. In embodiments, the ratio of the axial distance L to the expanded diameter 21 may be less than or equal to 1.0, less than or equal to 0.90, less than or equal to 0.80, less than or equal to 0.70, less than or equal to 0.50.

[0059] In some embodiments, the ratio R2 of the axial distance L to the expansion area 20a can be selected to increase the possibility of successful rupture during a high pressure event. In an embodiment, the ratio of the axial distance L to the expansion area can be greater than 0.005, or can be greater than or equal to 0.007, 0.008, or 0.009, wherein the expansion area 20a is measured in square millimeters and the axial distance is measured in millimeters. There is no particular limitation on the ratio of the axial distance L to the expansion area 20a, but in some embodiments, the ratio of the axial distance L to the expansion area 20a can be less than or equal to 0.04. In an embodiment, the ratio of the axial distance L to the expansion area 20a can be, for example, less than or equal to 0.03 or 0.02.

[0060] The rupture threshold may be at least 50 mbar. In an embodiment, the rupture threshold may be at least 50 mbar, at least 60 mbar, at least 70 mbar, at least 80 mbar, at least 90 mbar, at least 100 mbar, at least 150 mbar, at least 200 mbar, at least 250 mbar, or at least 300 mbar. In other embodiments, the rupture threshold may be less than 300 mbar, less than 250 mbar, less than 200 mbar, less than 150 mbar, less than 100 mbar, less than 90 mbar, less than 80 mbar, less than 70 mbar, less than 60 mbar, or less than 50 mbar.

[0061] The airflow through airflow path A after the membrane 20 is pierced is typically configured to increase compared to the airflow through airflow path A before the membrane 20 is pierced. This increase in airflow can be configured to release pressure relatively quickly during a high pressure event in an enclosure to which the valve assembly is connected. In an embodiment where the membrane is breathable, the airflow through airflow path A after the membrane 20 is pierced can be configured to increase by at least 12 times compared to the airflow through airflow path A before the membrane 20 is pierced. This increase in airflow is calculated at a set pressure differential of 100 mbar and a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. The pressure differential is measured between the pressure of the surrounding environment and the pressure of the enclosure to which the valve assembly is connected.

[0062] For example, the maximum airflow through the valve assembly 100 before the membrane 20 is pierced can be 6.4 standard liters per minute (SLPM). The minimum airflow through the valve assembly 100 after the membrane 20 is pierced can be 600SLPM. Therefore, the airflow is increased by at least 94 times. In another example, the maximum airflow through the valve assembly 100 before the membrane 20 is pierced can be 44SLPM. The minimum airflow through the valve assembly 100 after the membrane 20 is pierced can be 600SLPM. Therefore, the airflow is increased by at least 13 times. In alternative embodiments, the airflow after the membrane 20 is pierced can be configured to increase by at least 25 times, at least 50 times, at least 60 times, at least 75 times, at least 100 times, at least 150 times, at least 200 times, at least 300 times, or at least 400 times compared to the airflow before the membrane 20 is pierced. In further alternative embodiments, the airflow after the membrane 20 is pierced can be configured to increase by less than 400 times, less than 300 times, less than 200 times, less than 150 times, less than 100 times, less than 75 times, less than 60 times, less than 50 times, or less than 25 times compared to the airflow before the membrane 20 is pierced. In each of the examples, the airflow is measured at a pressure difference of 100 mbar.

[0063] Figure 6 and Figure 7 The schematic diagram of FIG. 2 can help illustrate the difference in the effect that the axial distance L between the membrane and the inner lateral surface of the cap can have on the ability of the membrane 220 / 320 to be successfully ruptured (through puncture by one or more piercing protrusions and one or more tip portions). Figure 6 , a schematic cover 210 having an inner lateral surface 211 is shown. The axial distance L of the valve assembly is shown when the membrane 220 is generally flat. As the pressure differential acting on the membrane 220 increases, the membrane 220 bends or expands from a generally horizontal position to a substantially flat position. Figure 621. The inner transverse surface 211 provides structural support for the membrane 220 so that the one or more piercing projections 212 cannot pierce the membrane 220. Instead, the membrane 220 surrounds the one or more piercing projections 212 and the one or more tip portions 213 and is positioned against the inner transverse surface 211 of the cap 210. The inner transverse surface 211 resists pressure on the membrane 220. Therefore, the membrane 220 may not be able to reliably rupture at or above the rupture threshold.

[0064] Figure 7 An embodiment consistent with the technology disclosed herein is shown. The axial distance L is greater than the above reference Figure 6 The axial distance shown. In the current example, the relatively increased axial distance L between the inner lateral surface 311 and the membrane 320 reduces the opportunity for the inner lateral surface 311 to provide structural support to the membrane 320, which would resist the forces generated by the high pressure event on the membrane. Instead, the membrane 320, in contact with one or more piercing protrusions 312 and one or more tip ends 313, continues to expand or bend during the high pressure event, and in the absence of the inner lateral surface 311 or any other support, the membrane 320 is successfully punctured and ruptured. This allows pressure relief during the high pressure event.

[0065] Back again Figures 1 to 4 When the membrane 20 is punctured, the membrane 20 is ruptured in the form of a single opening or in the form of multiple openings formed in the membrane 20. The airflow through the ruptured membrane 20 is generally related to the following: (1) the pressure difference between the housing and the surrounding environment; and (2) the total flow area defined by the one or more openings ruptured in the membrane 20. The ability of the one or more piercing protrusions 12 to pierce the membrane 20 is generally related to the following: (1) the expanded diameter of the membrane; and (2) the axial distance L between the inner lateral surface and the membrane 20. Some other factors that may affect the ability of the one or more piercing protrusions 12 to pierce the membrane 20 include: (a) the distance Y between the membrane 20 and the one or more piercing protrusions 12 (see Figure 4 ); (b) piercing protrusion length P; (c) void space 17 (such as Figure 3 ); (d) the air permeability of the membrane 20; (e) other material properties of the membrane 20; (f) the angle of the one or more piercing tips; and (g) the position of the one or more piercing tips relative to the expansion area 20a of the membrane 20. Some of these factors will be discussed further herein.

[0066] The valve assembly 100 can define a distance Y between the membrane 20 and one or more piercing projections 12. The distance Y can be configured to allow the membrane 20 to bend or expand so that the membrane 20 will not be punctured unless there is a high pressure event in the valve housing 16. The distance Y can also be configured to allow the membrane 20 to bend or expand so that the membrane 20 has an increased surface tension and is therefore more easily punctured by the one or more piercing projections 12. The distance Y can be 1 mm to 3 mm. In alternative embodiments, the distance Y between the membrane 20 and the one or more piercing projections 12 can be at least 1 mm, at least 2 mm, at least 3 mm, at least 4 mm, at least 5 mm, at least 6 mm, at least 7 mm, at least 8 mm, at least 9 mm, or at least 10 mm. In other alternative embodiments, the distance Y between the membrane 20 and one or more piercing projections 12 may be less than 10 mm, less than 9 mm, less than 8 mm, less than 7 mm, less than 6 mm, less than 5 mm, less than 4 mm, less than 3 mm, less than 2 mm, or less than 1 mm. In other alternative embodiments, the distance Y is 0 mm.

[0067] The valve assembly can define a piercing projection length P between the inner lateral surface 11 of the cap 10 and one or more tip ends 13 of the one or more piercing projections 12. The piercing projection length P can be configured to make the film 20 relatively consistent and successfully rupture at the rupture threshold. This piercing projection length can be at least 2mm. In alternative embodiments, the distance P between the inner lateral surface 11 and one or more tip ends 13 can be at least 1mm, at least 2mm, at least 3mm, at least 4mm, at least 5mm, at least 6mm, at least 7mm, at least 8mm, at least 9mm, at least 10mm, or at least 15mm. In other alternative embodiments, the distance P between the inner lateral surface 11 and one or more tip ends 13 can be less than 15mm, less than 10mm, less than 9mm, less than 8mm, less than 7mm, less than 6mm, less than 5mm, less than 4mm, less than 3mm, less than 2mm, or less than 1mm.

[0068] The valve assembly 100 can define a void space 17. The void space 17 is generally configured to allow the membrane 20 to bend or expand when the pressure applied to the membrane 20 through the enclosure opening 19 increases relatively. The void space 17 is also configured to limit the force on the membrane 20, which resists the force of the pressure difference on the membrane 20. The void space 17 has no components occupying its space. The void space 17 is defined between one or more piercing protrusions 12, the shell sidewall 14, the inner lateral surface 11, and the expansion area 20a of the membrane 20. In some embodiments, the void space 17 is defined between one or more piercing protrusions 12, the shell sidewall 14, the inner lateral surface 11, and the circular area defined by the expansion diameter 21. Omitting structures or components in the void space 17 can reduce potential forces that may resist bending or expansion of the membrane 20. The void space is typically configured such that, in a set of venting assemblies, the membrane 20 is always pierced by one or more piercing projections 12 at the rupture threshold.

[0069] Figure 8 The following graph is shown: This graph illustrates the relationship between (1) the ratio of the expanded diameter 21 of the membrane to the axial distance L (between the inner lateral surface of the cover and the membrane) and (2) the gas flow through the valve assembly in response to the rupture threshold pressure difference. The valve assemblies tested have Figures 1 to 4 Substantially identical configuration. The valve assemblies were substantially identical except for the axial distance L that varied, such that six different axial distances L were tested, which are reflected below in Table 1. For each of the six axial distances L tested at room temperature (23° C.), testing was performed on 20 valve assemblies (N=20).

[0070]

[0071] Table 1 - Valve assemblies having the above axial distances and corresponding ratios of (1) axial distance / expanded diameter and (2) axial distance / expanded area.

[0072] For each of the tested ventilation assemblies, the membrane was a breathable membrane. The membrane was circular, and the expanded diameter of the membrane of each valve assembly was 32.5 mm (so that the expanded area 20a of the membrane 20 had a total flow area of ​​829.58 square millimeters), which was measured across the expanded area 20a of the membrane 20. Each valve assembly 100 was tested at a threshold pressure difference of 70 mbar.

[0073] For each set of ventilation components at six different axial distances L, the average degassing airflow of the data set is displayed numerically (in liters per second) and with a crosshair icon. The interquartile range (representing 50% of the total raw data) is represented by rectangular boxes, and the median degassing airflow is graphically represented by a horizontal line passing through each box. The upper and lower 25% of the data distribution are represented by vertical lines extending from the box. Asterisks indicate outlier data points. The axial distance L increases from left to right along the x-axis, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 8 As shown in , the expanded diameter is constant, so that the ratio of the axial distance to the expanded diameter increases from left to right along the x-axis. The axial distances L considered are 4.4 mm, 6.4 mm, 7.4 mm, 8.4 mm, 9.4 mm and 12.4 mm, as shown from left to right.

[0074] The initial data set (corresponding to an axial distance L of 4.4 mm and a ratio of 0.14) shows that the average airflow is less than 10 liters / second when exposed to a threshold pressure difference on the membrane. The data distribution shows that the airflow of at least some samples is close to zero, which indicates that the membrane is not successfully punctured for one or more samples, while some samples may have been successfully punctured, but with a relatively small puncture opening across the membrane. Each of the remaining data sets (corresponding to an axial distance of 6.4 mm to 12.4 mm or a ratio of 0.20 to 0.38) produces an airflow of more than 10 liters / second after the membrane 20 is successfully punctured. Therefore, compared to the valve assembly with a ratio of 0.14, after the membrane 20 is punctured in response to a high pressure event in the valve housing 16, a ratio higher than 0.14 results in a relatively high airflow through the valve assembly 100. The valve assembly with a ratio of more than 0.20 shows an even higher airflow, which indicates a more reliable puncture and / or a relatively large puncture opening. For valve assemblies having ratios above 0.20, the anomalous data point for minimum airflow exceeds 7 liters / second. Thus, in some embodiments, a valve assembly having a ratio greater than 0.20 may be desired.

[0075] Further degassing performance tests were conducted on assemblies with three axial distances L of 4.4 mm, 12.4 mm and 7.6 mm, corresponding to R1 ratios of 0.14, 0.38 and 0.23, respectively. The degassing performance was evaluated at two different temperatures: 23°C and 125°C, and the results are reflected in Fig. 9 The valve assembly tested had the same Figure 8 The configuration described is consistent with the configuration.

[0076] With reference Figure 8 The data collected is the same as described in Fig. 9In the , the average degassing airflow for the data set is shown as a number (in liters / second) and a crosshair icon. The interquartile range (representing 50% of the total raw data) is represented by rectangular boxes, and the median degassing airflow is represented graphically by a horizontal line through each box. The upper and lower 25% of the data distribution are represented by vertical lines extending from the box. Asterisks indicate outlier data points.

[0077] The data set for the assembly with an axial distance L of 4.4 mm and a ratio of 0.14 shows that when exposed to a threshold pressure differential across the membrane, the average airflow is generally less than 10 liters / second at both test temperatures. Compared to the valve assembly with a ratio of 0.14, the assemblies with axial distances of 7.6 mm and 12.4 mm generally have relatively high airflows generated through the valve assembly 100 after the membrane 20 is punctured in response to a high pressure event in the valve housing 16.

[0078] Fig.10 4 is another exemplary valve assembly 400 consistent with the technology disclosed herein. Unless otherwise indicated in the current description or drawings, the valve assembly 400 has the same structure as described above with reference to FIG. Figures 1 to 4 The components, configurations and functions described in the specification are consistent with the components, configurations and functions described in the specification. Fig.10 For Figures 1 to 4 The description of is incorporated herein by reference.

[0079] The valve assembly 400 typically has a valve housing 416. The valve housing 416 has a first axial end 401, a second axial end 402, and an air flow path 404 extending from the first axial end 401 toward the second axial end 402. The valve housing 416 defines an environmental opening 418, which is configured to communicate with an external environmental fluid. The valve housing 416 defines an enclosure opening 419 toward the first axial end 401. The enclosure opening 419 is configured to communicate with the internal fluid of the enclosure (not currently described; see other examples described above). The valve housing 416 typically has a housing sidewall 414 extending in an axial direction.

[0080] In the present example, the valve housing 416 has a mounting structure 438 having a Figures 1 to 4 The mounting structure 438 includes an outer circumferential threaded portion. The outer circumferential threaded portion is configured to be received by an inner circumferential threaded portion defined by the enclosure or by an interface component that is ultimately coupled to the enclosure. It should be understood that the mounting structure 438 may have alternative configurations such as those described above. The mounting structure 438 may alternatively be defined by a bayonet connection, a snap fit, a fastener opening configured to align with a mating fastener opening configured to receive a fastener, a laterally extending surface configured to be welded to the enclosure or otherwise bonded to the enclosure, and the like.

[0081] The valve housing 416 also has a cover 410 positioned toward the second axial end 402. The cover 410 has an inner lateral surface 411. The housing sidewall 414 extends from the inner lateral surface 411 toward the first axial end 401. In some embodiments, the cover 410 has a cover sidewall 414b extending from the inner lateral surface 411 toward the first axial end 401. In such embodiments, the cover sidewall 414b defines a cover height.

[0082] The cover 410 has a piercing projection 412 extending from the inner transverse surface 411 toward the first axial end 401. Each piercing projection 412 has a piercing tip 413. In various embodiments, the piercing projection 412 can be tapered toward the first axial end 401. In various embodiments, the piercing projection 412 has a length of at least 4 mm. The cover 410 has a cover base 415. The cover base 415 is configured to be coupled to the body 416b of the valve housing 416. The cover sidewall 414b extends from the inner transverse surface 411 to the cover base 415. In various embodiments, the piercing projection 412 extends toward the first axial end 401 to exceed the cover base 415 by at least 1 mm. In various embodiments, the cover 410 can have a cover height of at least 4 mm, wherein the cover height is the distance from the inner transverse surface 411 to the base 415.

[0083] The valve assembly 400 has a membrane 420, which is arranged in the valve housing 416 to cross the airflow path 404 in the transverse direction. The membrane 420 is arranged in the valve housing 416 between the enclosure opening 419 and the environmental opening 418 along the airflow path 404. In some embodiments, the membrane 420 is a breathable membrane. In some other embodiments, the membrane 420 is impermeable. The membrane 420 generally has an expanded diameter 420a, which defines an expanded area with a surface area of ​​450 square millimeters to 1500 square millimeters. In some embodiments, the expanded diameter of the membrane 420 is at least 32.5mm.

[0084] The piercing projection 412 is typically configured to pierce the membrane 420 when the pressure difference between the enclosure opening 419 and the ambient opening 418 rises above a rupture threshold. In some embodiments, the rupture threshold can be at least 50 mbar. In some embodiments, the distance between the membrane 420 and the piercing projection 412 can be 1 mm to 3 mm. In some embodiments, the airflow through the airflow path 404 after the membrane 420 is pierced is configured to increase by at least 12 times compared to the airflow through the airflow path 404 before the membrane 420 is pierced.

[0085] There is generally an axial distance L between the membrane 420 and the inner transverse surface 411 of the cap 410. In various embodiments, the axial distance L is greater than 4.4 mm. In some embodiments, the axial distance L is at least 7.4 mm. In various embodiments, the ratio of the axial distance L to the expanded diameter 420a of the membrane is greater than 0.14. In various embodiments, the ratio of the axial distance L to the expanded diameter 420a is at least 0.20. In various embodiments, a void space 417 is defined between the piercing projection 412, the housing sidewall 414, the inner transverse surface 411, and the membrane 420.

[0086] Exemplary Aspects

[0087] Aspect 1. A valve assembly, the valve assembly comprising:

[0088] A valve housing, the valve housing comprising:

[0089] a first axial end, a cover, a second axial end, and an airflow path extending from the first axial end toward the second axial end, wherein the cover is positioned toward the second axial end, an environmental opening configured for fluid communication with an external environment, and an enclosure opening toward the first axial end and configured for fluid communication with an interior of the enclosure; and

[0090] a membrane arranged in the valve housing in a transverse direction across the airflow path and arranged along the airflow path between the enclosure opening and the ambient opening,

[0091] wherein the cap comprises an inner lateral surface and a piercing projection extending from the inner lateral surface of the cap toward the first axial end, and wherein the piercing projection comprises a piercing tip end, and

[0092] Therein, an axial distance between the membrane and an inner lateral surface of the cover is greater than 4.4 mm.

[0093] Aspect 2. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1, 3 to 16, wherein the axial distance between the membrane and the inner lateral surface of the cover is at least 7.4 mm.

[0094] Aspect 3. A valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1, 2, 4 to 16, wherein the piercing protrusion is configured to pierce the membrane when the pressure difference between the enclosure opening and the ambient opening rises above a rupture threshold.

[0095] Aspect 4. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, 5 to 16, wherein the rupture threshold is at least 50 mbar.

[0096] Aspect 5. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, 6 to 16, wherein the distance between the membrane and the piercing protrusion is 1 mm to 3 mm.

[0097] Aspect 6. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, 7 to 16, wherein the length of the piercing protrusion is at least 2 mm.

[0098] Aspect 7. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 6, 8 to 16, wherein the cover includes a cover sidewall extending from the inner lateral surface toward the first axial end, and wherein the cover sidewall defines a cover height.

[0099] Aspect 8. A valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 7, 9 to 16, wherein the cover includes a cover base, the cover side wall extends from the inner lateral surface to the cover base, and the piercing protrusion extends toward the first axial end to exceed the cover base by at least 1 mm.

[0100] Aspect 9. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, 10 to 16, wherein the cover height is at least 2 mm.

[0101] Aspect 10. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 9, 11 to 16, wherein the valve housing further comprises a housing sidewall extending between the inner lateral surface and the first axial end.

[0102] Aspect 11. The valve assembly of any one of aspects 1 to 10, 12 to 16, further comprising a void space defined between the piercing projection, the housing sidewall, the inner lateral surface, and the membrane.

[0103] Aspect 12. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, 13 to 16, wherein the membrane comprises a gas permeable membrane.

[0104] Aspect 13. A valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 12, 14 to 16, wherein the airflow through the airflow path after the membrane is pierced is configured to increase by at least 12 times compared to the airflow through the airflow path before the membrane is pierced.

[0105] Aspect 14. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 13, 15, and 16, wherein the membrane comprises a gas impermeable membrane.

[0106] Aspect 15. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 14 and 16, wherein the surface area of ​​the expanded region of the membrane is 450 square millimeters to 1500 square millimeters.

[0107] Aspect 16. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 1 to 15, wherein the piercing protrusion is tapered toward the first axial end.

[0108] Aspect 17. A valve assembly, the valve assembly comprising:

[0109] A valve housing, the valve housing comprising:

[0110] a first axial end, a cover, a second axial end, and an airflow path extending from the first axial end toward the second axial end, wherein the cover is positioned toward the second axial end, an environmental opening configured for fluid communication with an external environment, and an enclosure opening toward the first axial end and configured for fluid communication with an interior of the enclosure; and

[0111] a membrane arranged in the valve housing in a transverse direction across the airflow path and arranged along the airflow path between the enclosure opening and the ambient opening,

[0112] wherein the membrane has an expanded diameter,

[0113] wherein the cap comprises an inner lateral surface and a piercing projection extending from the inner lateral surface of the cap toward the first axial end, and wherein the piercing projection comprises a piercing tip end portion,

[0114] wherein an axial distance is defined between the membrane and the inner lateral surface, and wherein a ratio of the axial distance to an expanded diameter of the membrane is greater than 0.14.

[0115] Aspect 18. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 34, wherein the axial distance between the membrane and the inner lateral surface of the cover is at least 7.4 mm.

[0116] Aspect 19. The valve assembly of any one of Aspects 17, 18, 20 to 34, wherein a ratio of the axial distance to the expanded diameter is at least 0.228.

[0117] Aspect 20. A valve assembly according to any one of Aspects 17 to 19, 21 to 34, wherein the piercing protrusion is configured to pierce the membrane when the pressure difference between the enclosure opening and the ambient opening rises above a rupture threshold.

[0118] Aspect 21. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 20, 22 to 34, wherein the rupture threshold is at least 50 mbar.

[0119] Aspect 22. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 21, 23 to 34, wherein the distance between the membrane and the piercing protrusion is 1 mm to 3 mm.

[0120] Aspect 23. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 22, 24 to 34, wherein the length of the piercing projection is at least 2 mm.

[0121] Aspect 24. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 23, 25 to 34, wherein the cover includes a cover sidewall extending from the inner lateral surface toward the first axial end, and wherein the cover sidewall defines a cover height.

[0122] Aspect 25. A valve assembly according to any one of Aspects 17 to 24, 26 to 34, wherein the cover includes a cover base, the cover sidewall extends from the inner lateral surface to the cover base, and the piercing protrusion extends toward the first axial end to exceed the cover base by at least 1 mm.

[0123] Aspect 26. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 25, 27 to 34, wherein the cover height is at least 2 mm.

[0124] Aspect 27. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 26, 28 to 34, wherein the valve housing further comprises a housing sidewall extending between the inner lateral surface and the first axial end.

[0125] Aspect 28. The valve assembly of any one of aspects 17 to 27, 29 to 34, further comprising a void space defined between the piercing projection, the housing sidewall, the inner lateral surface, and the membrane.

[0126] Aspect 29. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 28, 30 to 34, wherein the membrane comprises a gas permeable membrane.

[0127] Aspect 30. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 29, 31 to 34, wherein the airflow through the airflow path after the membrane is pierced is configured to increase by at least 12 times compared to the airflow through the airflow path before the membrane is pierced.

[0128] Aspect 31. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 30, 32 to 34, wherein the membrane comprises a gas impermeable membrane.

[0129] Aspect 32. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 31, 33, and 34, wherein the expanded diameter of the membrane is at least 32.5 mm.

[0130] Aspect 33. The valve assembly according to any one of aspects 17 to 32 and 34, wherein the surface area of ​​the expanded region of the membrane is 450 square millimeters to 1500 square millimeters.

[0131] Aspect 34. The valve assembly according to any one of Aspects 17 to 33, wherein the piercing protrusion is tapered toward the first axial end.

Claims

1. A valve assembly, comprising: A valve housing, the valve housing comprising: a first axial end, a cover, a second axial end, and an airflow path extending from the first axial end toward the second axial end, wherein the cover is positioned toward the second axial end, an environmental opening configured for fluid communication with an external environment, and an enclosure opening, the enclosure opening facing the first axial end and configured for fluid communication with an interior of the enclosure; and a membrane arranged in the valve housing in a transverse direction across the airflow path and arranged along the airflow path between the enclosure opening and the ambient opening, wherein the cap comprises an inner lateral surface and a piercing projection extending from the inner lateral surface of the cap toward the first axial end, and wherein the piercing projection comprises a piercing tip end, and Wherein, the axial distance between the membrane and the inner lateral surface of the cover is greater than 4.4 mm.

2. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1, 3 to 16, wherein: The axial distance between the membrane and the inner lateral surface of the cover is at least 7.4 mm.

3. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4 to 16, wherein: The piercing projection is configured to pierce the membrane when a pressure differential between the enclosure opening and the ambient opening rises above a rupture threshold.

4. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5 to 16, wherein: The rupture threshold is at least 50 mbar.

5. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6 to 16, wherein: The distance between the film and the piercing protrusion is 1 mm to 3 mm.

6. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, 7 to 16, wherein: The piercing projection has a length of at least 2 mm.

7. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 16, wherein: The cover includes a cover sidewall extending from the inner lateral surface toward the first axial end, and wherein the cover sidewall defines a cover height.

8. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 9 to 16, wherein: The cap includes a cap base, the cap sidewall extending from the inner lateral surface to the cap base, and the piercing protrusion extending toward the first axial end to exceed the cap base by at least 1 mm.

9. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, 10 to 16, wherein: The cap height is at least 2 mm.

10. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9, 11 to 16, wherein: The valve housing also includes a housing sidewall extending between the inner lateral surface and the first axial end.

11. The valve assembly of any one of claims 1 to 10, 12 to 16, further comprising a void space defined between the piercing projection, the housing sidewall, the inner lateral surface and the membrane.

12. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 11, 13 to 16, wherein: The membrane comprises a breathable membrane.

13. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12, 14 to 16, wherein: The airflow through the airflow path after the membrane is pierced is configured to increase by at least 12 times compared to the airflow through the airflow path before the membrane is pierced.

14. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 13, 15 and 16, wherein: The membrane comprises a gas impermeable membrane.

15. The valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 14 and 16, wherein: The expanded region of the membrane has a surface area of ​​450 mm2 to 1500 mm2.

16. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein: The piercing projection is tapered toward the first axial end.

17. A valve assembly, comprising: A valve housing, the valve housing comprising: a first axial end, a cover, a second axial end, and an airflow path extending from the first axial end toward the second axial end, wherein the cover is positioned toward the second axial end, an environmental opening configured for fluid communication with an external environment, and an enclosure opening, the enclosure opening facing the first axial end and configured for fluid communication with an interior of the enclosure; and a membrane arranged in the valve housing in a transverse direction across the airflow path and arranged along the airflow path between the enclosure opening and the ambient opening, wherein the membrane has an expanded diameter, wherein the cap comprises an inner lateral surface and a piercing projection extending from the inner lateral surface of the cap toward the first axial end, and wherein the piercing projection comprises a piercing tip end, wherein an axial distance is defined between the membrane and the inner lateral surface, and wherein a ratio of the axial distance to an expanded diameter of the membrane is greater than 0.

14.

18. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17, 19 to 34, wherein: The axial distance between the membrane and the inner lateral surface of the cover is at least 7.4 mm.

19. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17, 18, 20 to 34, wherein: A ratio of the axial distance to the expanded diameter is at least 0.

20.

20. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 19, 21 to 34, wherein: The piercing projection is configured to pierce the membrane when a pressure differential between the enclosure opening and the ambient opening rises above a rupture threshold.

21. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 20, 22 to 34, wherein: The rupture threshold is at least 50 mbar.

22. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 21, 23 to 34, wherein: The distance between the film and the piercing protrusion is 1 mm to 3 mm.

23. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 22, 24 to 34, wherein: The piercing projection has a length of at least 2 mm.

24. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 23, 25 to 34, wherein: The cover includes a cover sidewall extending from the inner lateral surface toward the first axial end, and wherein the cover sidewall defines a cover height.

25. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 24, 26 to 34, wherein: The cap includes a cap base, the cap sidewall extends from the inner lateral surface to the cap base, and the piercing projection extends toward the first axial end by at least 1 mm beyond the cap base.

26. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 25, 27 to 34, wherein: The cap height is at least 2 mm.

27. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 26, 28 to 34, wherein: The valve housing also includes a housing sidewall extending between the inner lateral surface and the first axial end.

28. The valve assembly of any one of claims 17 to 27, 29 to 34, further comprising a void space defined between the piercing projection, the housing sidewall, the inner lateral surface and the membrane.

29. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 28, 30 to 34, wherein: The membrane comprises a breathable membrane.

30. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 29, 31 to 34, wherein: The airflow through the airflow path after the membrane is pierced is configured to increase by at least 12 times compared to the airflow through the airflow path before the membrane is pierced.

31. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 30, 32 to 34, wherein: The membrane comprises a gas impermeable membrane.

32. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 31, 33, 34, wherein: The expanded diameter of the membrane is at least 32.5 mm.

33. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 32, 34, wherein: The expanded region of the membrane has a surface area of ​​450 mm2 to 1500 mm2.

34. A valve assembly according to any one of claims 17 to 33, wherein: The piercing projection is tapered toward the first axial end.

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