Indoor three-dimensional cultivation method for gastrodia elata

Abstract

The invention discloses a gastrodia elata indoor three-dimensional cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: gastrodia elata seed treatment, substrate preparation, basket planting, planting and cultivation management, in the first three months in the cultivation management process, a nutrient solution A is sprayed once every five days; a mixed solution of the nutrient solution A and the nutrient solution B is sprayed once every 9 days in the last three months. By means of the cultivation method, the yield of the gastrodia elata and the content of gastrodin in the gastrodia elata are remarkably increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and specifically discloses a three-dimensional indoor cultivation method of Gastrodia elata. Background Art

[0002] Gastrodia elata (Gastrodiaelata Bl.) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Gastrodia in the orchid family. It is a rootless, green-leafless orchid plant that cannot photosynthesize. Its rhizome is used as medicine and is a precious Chinese medicinal material in my country. It has a history of more than 2,000 years of use. It has the effects of calming wind and relieving spasms, calming liver yang, and dispelling wind and unblocking meridians. It is mainly used for children's convulsions, headaches, dizziness, and hand and foot paralysis.

[0003] Gastrodia elata is a heterotrophic plant, and must coexist with germination fungi and honey fungus to obtain nutrition and complete growth and development. The growth process of Gastrodia elata is as follows: the germination fungi provide nutrition to promote the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds, and the protocorms obtained by germination can only grow normally by assimilating honey fungus. Honey fungus can produce mycelial cords during its growth process, which can decompose lignin and cellulose from the trees that provide it with nutrients, and then supply nutrition to Gastrodia elata, so that Gastrodia elata can grow normally.

[0004] At present, the extensive planting mode is mostly adopted in the process of Gastrodia elata cultivation, and the yield and quality of Gastrodia elata cannot be guaranteed. In the process of Gastrodia elata cultivation, due to the lack of management of the symbiotic growth relationship between Gastrodia elata and Armillaria mellea, it leads to rotten Gastrodia elata, empty nests, and reduced Gastrodia elata yield and quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for indoor three-dimensional cultivation of Gastrodia elata. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0006] A method for indoor three-dimensional cultivation of Gastrodia elata comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Pesto treatment: Select sesame seeds with light yellow color, no pests and diseases, no mechanical damage, and vigorous growth, and dip them in disinfectant for sterilization and disinfection;

[0008] S2: Matrix preparation: Use a crusher to break the fir tree branches into sawdust, spray wet and mix evenly, and the moisture content reaches 80%-90%;

[0009] S3: Basket planting: Use the mixed substrate to pad the bottom of the basket to 10-15cm, evenly place the cut honey fungus substitute on the substrate, with the cut facing downward, 6 sections per basket, place fine wood in the gaps between the honey fungus substitutes, 4-5kg per basket, fill the gaps with the mixed substrate, and level with the honey fungus substitute;

[0010] S4: Planting: Plant 3 high-quality Gastrodia elata seeds evenly around each honey fungus substitute, covering the substrate by 1-2 cm, and place the planted planting baskets evenly on the planting rack;

[0011] S5: Cultivation management: In the first three months after planting, spray nutrient solution A every five days; in the next three months, spray a mixture of nutrient solution A and nutrient solution B every nine days.

[0012] In some embodiments, nutrient solution A consists of the following components:

[0013] Glucose 12g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5g, magnesium sulfate 0.1g, urea 5g, hydrolyzed casein 0.5g, mannitol 2g, add water to 1L, adjust pH 7.0±0.5.

[0014] In some embodiments, nutrient solution B consists of the following components:

[0015] 1g ammonium nitrate, 0.5mg cobalt chloride, 0.3mg sodium molybdate, 0.2mg potassium iodide, 10g sucrose, 2g glutamic acid, 0.5mg carotene, add water to 1L and adjust the pH to 6.0±0.5.

[0016] In some embodiments, the ratio of nutrient solution A to nutrient solution B in the mixed solution is 1:5.

[0017] In combination with all the above technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1) The indoor three-dimensional cultivation method of Gastrodia elata provided by the present invention improves the yield and quality of Gastrodia elata by regulating the symbiotic growth relationship between Armillaria mellea and Gastrodia elata.

[0019] 2) The problem of unstable growth of Armillaria mellea in traditional cultivation of Gastrodia elata, the phenomenon that Gastrodia elata seedlings cannot be inoculated with Armillaria mellea, is solved, and the inoculation rate of Gastrodia elata seedlings is improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. The equipment and reagents used in each embodiment and test example can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Based on the information contained in this application, it is easy for those skilled in the art to make various changes to the precise description of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. It should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the defined process, properties or components, because these embodiments and other descriptions are only for illustrating specific aspects of the present invention. In fact, various changes that the technicians in this field or related fields can obviously make to the embodiments of the present invention are all covered within the scope of the appended claims.

[0022] In order to better understand the present invention but not to limit the scope of the present invention, all the numbers used in this application to express the amount, percentage, and other numerical values ​​should be understood as modified by the word "approximately" in all cases. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the numerical parameters listed in the specification and the appended claims are approximate values, which may be changed according to the different ideal properties attempted to be obtained. Each numerical parameter should at least be regarded as obtained based on the reported significant figures and by conventional rounding methods. In the present invention, "about" means within 10% of a given value or range, preferably within 5%.

[0023] In the following embodiments of the present invention, when the temperature is not particularly limited, it is room temperature. Room temperature refers to the natural room temperature in four seasons without additional cooling or heating treatment, and is generally controlled at 10-30°C, preferably 15-25°C.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the embodiments of the present invention can be purchased from the market.

[0025] The detailed implementation process and contents are as follows:

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A method for indoor three-dimensional cultivation of Gastrodia elata comprises the following steps:

[0028] S1: Processing of sesame seeds: In November, select sesame seeds that are light yellow in color, free of pests and diseases, mechanical damage, and growing vigorously, and dip them in disinfectant for sterilization. The disinfectant is prepared as follows: 50g of carbendazim + 30g of thiophanate-methyl mixed with 15kg of water.

[0029] S2: Matrix preparation: Use a crusher to break the fir tree branches into sawdust, spray wet and mix evenly, and the moisture content reaches 80%-90%.

[0030] Cultivation room: area about 100m 2 The room has tin-platinum plates on the walls and is equipped with a high-power air conditioner (adjustable between 16 and 26 degrees Celsius) and a ventilation fan.

[0031] Cultivation rack: The planting rack adopts a detachable and movable three-dimensional angle steel frame. The total height of the steel frame is 200cm, the width is 50cm, there are 4 layers in total, each layer is 50cm, the first layer is 10cm above the ground, and each layer is separated by aluminum-plastic panels.

[0032] S3: Cultivation basket: Use the prepared substrate to pad the bottom of the basket with a thickness of 10 to 15 cm. Evenly place the cut honey fungus substitute on the substrate, with the cut facing downwards, 6 sections per basket. Place fine wood in the gaps between the honey fungus substitutes, 4 to 5 kg per basket. Fill the gaps with the prepared substrate, flush with the honey fungus substitute. The planting basket is a detachable planting basket with a length, width and height of 50 cm × 35 cm × 30 cm.

[0033] S4: Planting: Plant 3 high-quality Gastrodia elata seeds evenly around each honey fungus substitute, covering the substrate by 1 to 2 cm, and place the planted planting baskets evenly on the planting rack.

[0034] S5: Cultivation management: In the first three months after planting, spray nutrient solution A every five days; in the next three months, spray a mixture of nutrient solution A and nutrient solution B (nutrient solution A: nutrient solution B = 1:5) every nine days. The room temperature is controlled at 23-24℃, and the temperature of the planting basket is controlled at 25-26℃. After the Gastrodia elata grows out of the substrate, cover it with 2-3cm of substrate.

[0035] Formula of nutrient solution A: 12g glucose, 0.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1g magnesium sulfate, 5g urea, 0.5g hydrolyzed casein, 2g mannitol, add water to 1L and adjust pH to 7.0±0.5.

[0036] Formula of nutrient solution B: 1g ammonium nitrate, 0.5mg cobalt chloride, 0.3mg sodium molybdate, 0.2mg potassium iodide, 10g sucrose, 2g glutamic acid, 0.5mg carotene, add water to 1L and adjust pH to 6.0±0.5.

[0037] After 6 months of planting, the planting baskets were removed, and the Gastrodia elata was taken out and washed. The yield of Gastrodia elata was counted and the total content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in Gastrodia elata was detected.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A method for indoor three-dimensional cultivation of Gastrodia elata comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1: Processing of sesame seeds: In November, select sesame seeds that are light yellow in color, free of pests and diseases, mechanical damage, and growing vigorously, and dip them in disinfectant for sterilization. The disinfectant is prepared as follows: 50g of carbendazim + 30g of thiophanate-methyl mixed with 15kg of water.

[0041] S2: Matrix preparation: Use a crusher to break the fir tree branches into sawdust, spray wet and mix evenly, and the moisture content reaches 80%-90%.

[0042] Cultivation room: area about 100m 2 The room has tin-platinum plates on the walls and is equipped with a high-power air conditioner (adjustable between 16 and 26 degrees Celsius) and a ventilation fan.

[0043] Cultivation rack: The planting rack adopts a detachable and movable three-dimensional angle steel frame. The total height of the steel frame is 200cm, the width is 50cm, there are 4 layers in total, each layer is 50cm, the first layer is 10cm above the ground, and each layer is separated by aluminum-plastic panels.

[0044] S3: Cultivation basket: The bottom of the basket is padded with a 10-15cm mixed substrate. The cut honey fungus substitute is evenly placed on the substrate pad, with the cut facing downward, 6 sections per basket, and fine wood is placed in the gaps between the honey fungus substitutes, 4-5kg per basket, and the gaps are filled with the mixed substrate, flush with the honey fungus substitute. The planting basket is a detachable planting basket with a length, width and height of 50cm×35cm×30cm. The planting frame is a detachable and movable three-dimensional angle steel frame with a total height of 200cm and a width of 50cm. There are 4 layers in total, each layer is 50cm, the first layer is 10cm off the ground, and each layer is separated by an aluminum-plastic plate.

[0045] S4: Planting: Plant 3 high-quality Gastrodia elata seeds evenly around each honey fungus substitute, covering the substrate by 1 to 2 cm, and place the planted planting baskets evenly on the planting rack.

[0046] S5: Cultivation management: In the first three months after planting, spray nutrient solution A every five days; in the next three months, spray a mixture of nutrient solution A and nutrient solution B (nutrient solution A: nutrient solution B = 1:5) every nine days. The room temperature is controlled at 23-24℃, and the temperature of the planting basket is controlled at 25-26℃. After the Gastrodia elata grows out of the substrate, cover it with 2-3cm of substrate.

[0047] Formula of nutrient solution A: 12g glucose, 0.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1g magnesium sulfate, 5g urea, add water to 1L and adjust pH to 7.0±0.5.

[0048] Formula of nutrient solution B: 1g ammonium nitrate, 0.5mg cobalt chloride, 0.3mg sodium molybdate, 0.2mg potassium iodide, 10g sucrose, add water to 1L, and adjust pH to 6.0±0.5.

[0049] After 6 months of planting, the planting baskets were removed, and the Gastrodia elata was taken out and washed. The yield of Gastrodia elata was counted and the total content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in Gastrodia elata was detected.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A method for indoor three-dimensional cultivation of Gastrodia elata comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1: Processing of sesame seeds: In November, select sesame seeds that are light yellow in color, free of pests and diseases, mechanical damage, and growing vigorously, and dip them in disinfectant for sterilization. The disinfectant is prepared as follows: 50g of carbendazim + 30g of thiophanate-methyl mixed with 15kg of water.

[0053] S2: Matrix preparation: Use a crusher to break the fir tree branches into sawdust, spray wet and mix evenly, and the moisture content reaches 80%-90%.

[0054] Cultivation room: area about 100m 2 The room has tin-platinum plates on the walls and is equipped with a high-power air conditioner (adjustable between 16 and 26 degrees Celsius) and a ventilation fan.

[0055] Cultivation rack: The planting rack adopts a detachable and movable three-dimensional angle steel frame. The total height of the steel frame is 200cm, the width is 50cm, there are 4 layers in total, each layer is 50cm, the first layer is 10cm above the ground, and each layer is separated by aluminum-plastic panels.

[0056] S3: Cultivation basket: The bottom of the basket is padded with a 10-15cm mixed substrate. The cut honey fungus substitute is evenly placed on the substrate pad, with the cut facing downward, 6 sections per basket, and fine wood is placed in the gaps between the honey fungus substitutes, 4-5kg per basket, and the gaps are filled with the mixed substrate, flush with the honey fungus substitute. The planting basket is a detachable planting basket with a length, width and height of 50cm×35cm×30cm. The planting frame is a detachable and movable three-dimensional angle steel frame with a total height of 200cm and a width of 50cm. There are 4 layers in total, each layer is 50cm, the first layer is 10cm off the ground, and each layer is separated by an aluminum-plastic plate.

[0057] S4: Planting: Plant 3 high-quality Gastrodia elata seeds evenly around each honey fungus substitute, covering the substrate by 1 to 2 cm, and place the planted planting baskets evenly on the planting rack.

[0058] S5: Cultivation management: In the first three months after planting, spray nutrient solution A every five days; in the next three months, spray a mixture of nutrient solution A and nutrient solution B (nutrient solution A: nutrient solution B = 1:5) every nine days. The room temperature is controlled at 23-24℃, and the temperature of the planting basket is controlled at 25-26℃. After the Gastrodia elata grows out of the substrate, cover it with 2-3cm of substrate.

[0059] Formula of nutrient solution A: 12g glucose, 0.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1g magnesium sulfate, 5g urea, 0.5g hydrolyzed casein, 2g mannitol, add water to 1L and adjust pH to 7.0±0.5.

[0060] Formula of nutrient solution B: 1g ammonium nitrate, 0.5mg cobalt chloride, 0.3mg sodium molybdate, 0.2mg potassium iodide, 10g sucrose, add water to 1L, and adjust pH to 6.0±0.5.

[0061] After 6 months of planting, the planting baskets were removed, and the Gastrodia elata was taken out and washed. The yield of Gastrodia elata was counted and the total content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in Gastrodia elata was detected.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] A method for indoor three-dimensional cultivation of Gastrodia elata comprises the following steps:

[0064] S1: Processing of sesame seeds: In November, select sesame seeds that are light yellow in color, free of pests and diseases, mechanical damage, and growing vigorously, and dip them in disinfectant for sterilization. The disinfectant is prepared as follows: 50g of carbendazim + 30g of thiophanate-methyl mixed with 15kg of water.

[0065] S2: Matrix preparation: Use a crusher to break the fir tree branches into sawdust, spray wet and mix evenly, and the moisture content reaches 80%-90%.

[0066] Cultivation room: area about 100m 2 The room has tin-platinum plates on the walls and is equipped with a high-power air conditioner (adjustable between 16 and 26 degrees Celsius) and a ventilation fan.

[0067] Cultivation rack: The planting rack adopts a detachable and movable three-dimensional angle steel frame. The total height of the steel frame is 200cm, the width is 50cm, there are 4 layers in total, each layer is 50cm, the first layer is 10cm above the ground, and each layer is separated by aluminum-plastic panels.

[0068] S3: Cultivation basket: The bottom of the basket is padded with a 10-15cm mixed substrate. The cut honey fungus substitute is evenly placed on the substrate pad, with the cut facing downward, 6 sections per basket, and fine wood is placed in the gaps between the honey fungus substitutes, 4-5kg per basket, and the gaps are filled with the mixed substrate, flush with the honey fungus substitute. The planting basket is a detachable planting basket with a length, width and height of 50cm×35cm×30cm. The planting frame is a detachable and movable three-dimensional angle steel frame with a total height of 200cm and a width of 50cm. There are 4 layers in total, each layer is 50cm, the first layer is 10cm off the ground, and each layer is separated by an aluminum-plastic plate.

[0069] S4: Planting: Plant 3 high-quality Gastrodia elata seeds evenly around each honey fungus substitute, covering the substrate by 1 to 2 cm, and place the planted planting baskets evenly on the planting rack.

[0070] S5: Cultivation management: In the first three months after planting, spray nutrient solution A every five days; in the next three months, spray a mixture of nutrient solution A and nutrient solution B (nutrient solution A: nutrient solution B = 1:5) every nine days. The room temperature is controlled at 23-24℃, and the temperature of the planting basket is controlled at 25-26℃. After the Gastrodia elata grows out of the substrate, cover it with 2-3cm of substrate.

[0071] Formula of nutrient solution A: 12g glucose, 0.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1g magnesium sulfate, 5g urea, add water to 1L and adjust pH to 7.0±0.5.

[0072] Formula of nutrient solution B: 1g ammonium nitrate, 0.5mg cobalt chloride, 0.3mg sodium molybdate, 0.2mg potassium iodide, 10g sucrose, 2g glutamic acid, 0.5mg carotene, add water to 1L and adjust pH to 6.0±0.5.

[0073] After 6 months of planting, the planting baskets were removed, and the Gastrodia elata was taken out and washed. The yield of Gastrodia elata was counted and the total content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in Gastrodia elata was detected.

[0074] Example 5

[0075] A method for indoor three-dimensional cultivation of Gastrodia elata comprises the following steps:

[0076] S1: Processing of sesame seeds: In November, select sesame seeds that are light yellow in color, free of pests and diseases, mechanical damage, and growing vigorously, and dip them in disinfectant for sterilization. The disinfectant is prepared as follows: 50g of carbendazim + 30g of thiophanate-methyl mixed with 15kg of water.

[0077] S2: Matrix preparation: Use a crusher to break the fir tree branches into sawdust, spray wet and mix evenly, and the moisture content reaches 80%-90%.

[0078] Cultivation room: area about 100m 2 The room has tin-platinum plates on the walls and is equipped with a high-power air conditioner (adjustable between 16 and 26 degrees Celsius) and a ventilation fan.

[0079] Cultivation rack: The planting rack adopts a detachable and movable three-dimensional angle steel frame. The total height of the steel frame is 200cm, the width is 50cm, there are 4 layers in total, each layer is 50cm, the first layer is 10cm above the ground, and each layer is separated by aluminum-plastic panels.

[0080] S3: Cultivation basket: The bottom of the basket is padded with a 10-15cm mixed substrate. The cut honey fungus substitute is evenly placed on the substrate pad, with the cut facing downward, 6 sections per basket, and fine wood is placed in the gaps between the honey fungus substitutes, 4-5kg per basket, and the gaps are filled with the mixed substrate, flush with the honey fungus substitute. The planting basket is a detachable planting basket with a length, width and height of 50cm×35cm×30cm. The planting frame is a detachable and movable three-dimensional angle steel frame with a total height of 200cm and a width of 50cm. There are 4 layers in total, each layer is 50cm, the first layer is 10cm off the ground, and each layer is separated by an aluminum-plastic plate.

[0081] S4: Planting: Plant 3 high-quality Gastrodia elata seeds evenly around each honey fungus substitute, covering the substrate by 1 to 2 cm, and place the planted planting baskets evenly on the planting rack.

[0082] S5: Cultivation and management: Water once a month, control the room temperature at 23-24℃, and the temperature of the planting basket at 25-26℃. After the Gastrodia elata grows out of the substrate, cover it with 2-3cm of substrate.

[0083] After 6 months of planting, the planting baskets were removed, and the Gastrodia elata was taken out and washed. The yield of Gastrodia elata was counted and the total content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in Gastrodia elata was detected.

[0084] Analysis method of gastrodin content, using liquid chromatography detection:

[0085] Chromatography: Agilent-1260 Column: SB-18 reverse phase column, 4.6mm X 250mm, 5μm pore size,

[0086] Elution system: methanol-water (50:50),

[0087] Elution method: 10 μl sample, 0-5 min elution with 30% methanol, 5-25 min elution with 60% methanol, 25-30 min linear elution to 30%,

[0088] Flow rate: 0.8 ml / min Column temperature: 25°C.

[0089] The results of the statistics and analysis of Gastrodia elata are as follows:

[0090] Table 1

[0091]

[0092] As can be seen from Table 1, the indoor stereoscopic cultivation method of Gastrodia elata of the present invention can significantly improve the yield of Gastrodia elata and improve the content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in Gastrodia elata. Observing the growth process of Gastrodia elata, it can also be seen that the early growth of Armillaria mellea in Example 1 is thick and long, with many branches and high robustness compared with other Examples 2-5. This is conducive to the nutrient absorption of Gastrodia elata in the later stage. In contrast to Example 2, the content of gastrodin is significantly improved in Example 1, which is due to the adjustment of the nutritional formula of Gastrodia elata growth period (latter 3 months), and the composite nutritional formula of hydrolyzed casein and mannitol is conducive to the accumulation of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in the growth process of Gastrodia elata.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for indoor three-dimensional cultivation of Gastrodia elata, characterized in that: The indoor stereoscopic cultivation method of Gastrodia elata comprises the following steps: S1: Pesto treatment: Select sesame seeds with light yellow color, no pests and diseases, no mechanical damage, and vigorous growth, and dip them in disinfectant for sterilization and disinfection; S2: Matrix preparation: Use a crusher to break the fir tree branches into sawdust, spray wet and mix evenly, and the moisture content reaches 80%-90%; S3: Basket planting: Use the mixed substrate to pad the bottom of the basket to 10-15cm, evenly place the cut honey fungus substitute on the substrate, with the cut facing downward, 6 sections per basket, place fine wood in the gaps between the honey fungus substitutes, 4-5kg per basket, fill the gaps with the mixed substrate, and level with the honey fungus substitute; S4: Planting: Plant 3 high-quality Gastrodia elata seeds evenly around each honey fungus substitute, covering the substrate by 1-2 cm, and place the planted planting baskets evenly on the planting rack; S5: Cultivation management: In the first three months after planting, spray nutrient solution A every five days; in the next three months, spray a mixture of nutrient solution A and nutrient solution B every nine days.

2. The indoor three-dimensional cultivation method of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution A consists of the following components: Glucose 12g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5g, magnesium sulfate 0.1g, urea 5g, hydrolyzed casein 0.5g, mannitol 2g, add water to 1L, adjust pH 7.0±0.

5.

3. The indoor three-dimensional cultivation method of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution B consists of the following components: 1g ammonium nitrate, 0.5mg cobalt chloride, 0.3mg sodium molybdate, 0.2mg potassium iodide, 10g sucrose, 2g glutamic acid, 0.5mg carotene, add water to 1L and adjust the pH to 6.0±0.

5.

4. The indoor three-dimensional cultivation method of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of nutrient solution A to nutrient solution B in the mixed solution is 1:5.

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