Treatment method for increasing astragaloside content

Abstract

The invention discloses a treatment method for increasing astragaloside content, which comprises the following steps: (1) harvesting: harvesting astragalus membranaceus after stems and leaves are withered and before the land is frozen, and shaking off soil on the astragalus membranaceus after harvesting; (2) refrigerating, namely refrigerating the astragalus membranaceus within 12 hours after harvesting; (3) warming, namely warming the astragalus membranaceus refrigerated in the step (2) under the condition of 15-25 DEG C; (4) repeating the step (2) and the step (3) for 0 or more times; (5) storage: placing the astragalus membranaceus treated in the step (4) in an environment with proper temperature and humidity for at least 0 day; and (6) drying: drying the astragalus membranaceus treated in the step (5). Astragalus membranaceus after harvesting is treated through physical methods such as refrigeration and temperature returning, so that synthesis of astragaloside is promoted, the content of astragaloside can reach 0.114%, and the content of astragaloside can be increased by 22% or above; the method is green and pollution-free, has no influence on the planting process of the astragalus membranaceus, and does not influence the yield of the astragalus membranaceus.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of production of Chinese medicinal material Astragalus, and in particular to a processing method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV. Background technology:

[0002] As a precious Chinese herbal medicine, Astragalus is well-known for its medicinal value, especially in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. The efficacy of Astragalus is mainly attributed to its astragaloside IV, an important active ingredient. The content of astragaloside IV is a key indicator to measure the quality and market value of Astragalus. Astragalus with insufficient content is considered a substandard product.

[0003] The market demand for Astragalus is mainly met through artificial cultivation. Nevertheless, the content of glycosides in artificially cultivated Astragalus is usually lower than that in wild Astragalus under sufficient water and fertilizer conditions. Increasing the content of glycosides through water and fertilizer management will reduce the yield, and the use of various hormones, fertilizers, pesticides and other methods to increase the content of glycosides is not safe for the medicinal crop Astragalus. Summary of the invention:

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a treatment method for increasing the content of mesoglycosides in Astragalus membranaceus which is safe and does not affect the planting yield of Astragalus membranaceus.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a processing method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Harvesting: Harvest the Astragalus after the stems and leaves wither and before the ground freezes, and shake off the soil on the Astragalus after harvesting;

[0007] (2) Refrigerate: refrigerate the astragalus within 12 hours after collection;

[0008] (3) warming up, placing the astragalus after refrigeration in step (2) at 10 to 20° C. for warming up;

[0009] (4) Drying: drying the processed Astragalus.

[0010] Furthermore, the astragalus is stored before drying in step (4), specifically, the astragalus is stored in an environment with suitable temperature and humidity for at least 1 day.

[0011] Furthermore, before drying in step (4), steps (2) and (3) are repeated one time or more.

[0012] Furthermore, before the storage, the steps (2) and (3) are repeated once or more.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (2), the refrigeration time is 11 to 13 hours, and the refrigeration temperature is 0 to 9°C.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (3), the temperature recovery time is 11 to 13 hours.

[0015] Furthermore, when the astragalus is refrigerated in step (2), the stacking thickness is ≤10 cm; and when the astragalus is warmed up in step (3), the stacking thickness is ≤10 cm.

[0016] Furthermore, the steps (2) and (3) are repeated twice.

[0017] Furthermore, the steps (2) and (3) are repeated twice.

[0018] Furthermore, the storage environment is sterilized in advance, the storage humidity is maintained at 30-40%, the storage temperature is maintained at 5-15° C., and the rhizome of the astragalus is removed after 15 days of storage.

[0019] The invention has the advantages that the synthesis of astragaloside IV is promoted by treating the harvested astragaloside by physical methods such as refrigeration and warming, and the astragaloside IV content can reach 0.114%, which can increase the astragaloside IV content by more than 22%; the method is green and pollution-free, has no effect on the planting process of astragaloside, and does not affect the yield of astragaloside. Specific implementation method:

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example:

[0022] This embodiment mainly aims at the problems that the astragaloside I content is low in artificially cultivated plants with sufficient water and fertilizer, that increasing the astragaloside I content in water and fertilizer management will reduce the yield, and that increasing the astragaloside I content with hormones, fertilizers and pesticides is unsafe. By utilizing the characteristic that the astragalus plant can still carry out normal physiological activities when it is just harvested, the astragaloside I content is increased by refrigerating the astragalus after harvesting, thereby providing a green and safe processing method for increasing the astragaloside I content.

[0023] A method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV comprises the following steps:

[0024] (1) Harvesting: Harvest the Astragalus after the stems and leaves wither and before the ground freezes. Shake off the dirt on the Astragalus until the root surface is relatively clean and there is no obvious large piece of dirt attached. The Astragalus should not be left for more than 12 hours after harvesting. The Astragalus will continue to lose water after harvesting. If it loses a lot of water after more than 12 hours, the activity of the Astragalus will decrease and it will enter a dormant state, becoming insensitive to external stimuli, which will affect the cold storage effect.

[0025] (2) Refrigeration: The astragalus within 12 hours after being collected during the day is placed in a cold storage at night for refrigeration. The temperature of the cold storage is shown in Table 1. The refrigeration time is 12 hours. The astragalus is piled on a wooden board with a thickness of 10 cm to prevent the astragalus from accumulating heat due to physiological activities and to ensure that the temperature of all the astragalus is consistent.

[0026] (3) warming up, placing the astragalus root obtained from step (2) in a natural outdoor environment at an ambient temperature of 10 to 20° C., and warming up, avoiding exposure to sunlight to prevent the astragalus root from losing too much water, and the warming up time is 12 hours. The astragalus root is piled on a wooden board with a thickness of 10 cm;

[0027] (4) Repeating steps (2) and (3), maintaining the activity of Astragalus through cold stress at night and warming up during the day, and promoting the accumulation of Astragaloside IV. The number of operations of steps (2) and (3) is shown in Table 1;

[0028] (5) Storage: The astragalus treated in step (4) is placed in a cool warehouse. Sterilization is performed in advance in the warehouse to prevent bacteria from infecting the astragalus. The humidity in the warehouse is maintained at 30-40% and the temperature is maintained at 5-15° C. to delay the dormancy of the astragalus and facilitate the conversion of the astragalus to glycoside A after refrigeration and warming. The storage time is shown in Table 1. After storage, the rhizome of the astragalus is removed.

[0029] (6) Drying: drying the astragalus root treated in step (5).

[0030] The astragaloside content determination method in the 2020 edition of the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" was used to detect the weight of astragaloside I in astragalus as a percentage of the weight of astragalus, and the measured astragaloside I content is shown in Table 1.

[0031] Comparative Example 1:

[0032] A method for processing astragalus, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) Harvesting: Harvest the Astragalus after the stems and leaves wither and before the ground freezes, and shake off the soil on the Astragalus after harvesting;

[0034] (2) Drying: Remove the stem head of the Astragalus root within 12 hours after harvesting and dry it.

[0035] The content of astragaloside IV in this comparative example is shown in Table 2.

[0036] Comparative Example 2:

[0037] A method for processing astragalus, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Harvesting: Harvest the Astragalus after the stems and leaves wither and before the ground freezes, and shake off the soil on the Astragalus after harvesting;

[0039] (2) Storage: The collected astragalus is placed in a cool warehouse, which is sterilized in advance to prevent bacteria from infecting the astragalus. The humidity in the warehouse is maintained at 30-40% and the temperature is maintained at 5-15° C. After 15 days of storage, the rhizome of the astragalus is removed;

[0040] (3) Drying: After being stored for 15 days, remove the root head of the astragalus and dry it.

[0041] The content of astragaloside IV in this comparative example is shown in Table 3.

[0042] Comparative Example 3:

[0043] The difference between this comparative example and embodiment scheme 1-3 is that the cold storage temperature during refrigeration is different, and the specific refrigeration temperature is shown in Table 4.

[0044] The content of astragaloside IV in this comparative example is shown in Table 4.

[0045] Table 1: Content of Astragaloside IV in the Examples

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Table 2: Content of Astragaloside A in Comparative Example 1

[0049]

[0050] Table 3: Content of Astragaloside A in Comparative Example 2

[0051]

[0052] Table 4: Content of Astragaloside A in Comparative Example 3

[0053]

[0054] As shown in Table 1, after the astragalus treated by a treatment method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV, when the number of refrigeration and rewarming times was 3 times and the storage days was 15 days, when the cold storage temperature was 0-3°C, the astragaloside IV content increased from 0.093% to 0.113%, when the cold storage temperature was 3-6°C, the astragaloside IV content increased from 0.093% to 0.108%, when the cold storage temperature was 6-9°C, the astragaloside IV content increased from 0.093% to 0.102%. With the increase of the cold storage temperature, the increase of astragaloside IV content began to decrease, indicating that the insufficient intensity of adverse stress on the astragalus would affect the increase of astragaloside IV content.

[0055] When the cold storage temperature was 0-3℃ and the storage days were 15 days, when the number of refrigeration and rewarming increased from 0 to 1, the content of astragaloside IV increased from 0.093% to 0.103%, when the number of refrigeration and rewarming increased from 1 to 2, the content of astragaloside IV increased from 0.103% to 0.109%, when the number of refrigeration and rewarming increased from 2 to 3, the content of astragaloside IV increased from 0.109% to 0.113%, and the content of astragaloside IV increased significantly with each increase in the number of refrigeration and rewarming; when the number of refrigeration and rewarming increased from 3 to 4 times, the content of astragaloside IV increased from 0.113% to 0.114%, and when the number of refrigeration and rewarming increased from 4 to 5 times, the content of astragaloside IV did not increase, indicating that when the number of refrigeration and rewarming exceeded 3, the effect on the increase of astragaloside IV content was relatively small;

[0056] When the cold storage temperature was 0-3℃, the number of refrigeration and rewarming was 3 times, the content of astragaloside IV increased from 0.093% to 0.099% when the storage days were 0 days, and from 0.093% to 0.105% when the storage days were 5 days, and from 0.093% to 0.109% when the storage days were 10 days, and from 0.093% to 0.113% when the storage days were 15 days, indicating that the content of astragaloside IV gradually increased with the increase of storage time, and from 0.093% to 0.114% when the storage days were 20 days, indicating that the content of astragaloside IV increased little after 15 days of storage, and the physiological activity of Astragalus decreased significantly at this time;

[0057] Among them, the content of methyl glycoside in Scheme 6 and Scheme 7 increased from 0.093% to 0.114%, which was increased by 22.58% compared with Scheme 12.

[0058] As shown in Table 3, when the number of refrigeration and rewarming was 0, the astragaloside content increased from 0.093% to 0.095%. The astragaloside content of Scheme 13 was increased by 2.15% compared with Scheme 12, indicating that separate storage without refrigeration and rewarming had little effect on the astragaloside content.

[0059] As shown in Table 4, when the cold storage temperature was -3 to 0°C, the astragaloside content increased from 0.093% to 0.102%. The astragaloside content of Scheme 14 was increased by 9.68% relative to that of Scheme 12. However, the astragalus became soft and watery, and its appearance was damaged, indicating that the intensity of the adverse stress on the astragalus was too high.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Harvesting: Harvest the Astragalus after the stems and leaves wither and before the ground freezes, and shake off the soil on the Astragalus after harvesting; (2) Refrigerate: refrigerate the astragalus within 12 hours after collection; (3) warming up, placing the astragalus after refrigeration in step (2) at 10 to 20° C. for warming up; (4) Drying: drying the processed Astragalus.

2. The method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The astragalus is stored before drying in step (4), specifically, the astragalus is stored in an environment with suitable temperature and humidity for at least 1 day.

3. The method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the drying in step (4), repeat the steps (2) and (3) for one time or more.

4. A method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before the storage, repeat the steps (2) and (3) for one time or more.

5. The method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the refrigeration time is 11 to 13 hours, and the refrigeration temperature is 0 to 9°C.

6. The method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the temperature recovery time is 11 to 13 hours.

7. The method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the astragalus is stored in the cold storage in step (2), the stacking thickness of the astragalus is ≤10 cm; when the astragalus is warmed up in step (3), the stacking thickness of the astragalus is ≤10 cm.

8. The method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps (2) and (3) are repeated twice.

9. The method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps (2) and (3) are repeated twice.

10. The method for increasing the content of astragaloside IV according to claim 2, characterized in that: The storage environment should be sterilized in advance, the storage humidity should be maintained at 30-40%, the storage temperature should be maintained at 5-15°C, and the rhizome of Astragalus should be removed after 15 days of storage.

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