Anesthesia respirator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to an anesthesia respirator which comprises an anesthesia respirator body and a PLC arranged on the anesthesia respirator body, the PLC controls operation of the anesthesia respirator body through a built-in program, and the anesthesia respirator further comprises a lower air guide seat fixedly arranged on the upper side of the anesthesia respirator body and used for guiding air in the lower side of the anesthesia respirator body. And the lower air guide seat is fixedly provided with an upper air guide seat through a support frame. The switching speed of the soda lime filter cartridge can be adjusted in real time according to the amount of waste gas generated by metabolism of a patient, the problem that resources are wasted or use is affected due to the fact that soda lime is replaced at a fixed time in traditional equipment is solved, in addition, the soda lime filter cartridge can be rapidly and automatically switched, the replacement time is greatly shortened, and the working efficiency is improved. The waste gas treatment interruption is avoided, the continuity of respiratory support of a patient is guaranteed, meanwhile, the device has multiple waste gas pretreatment functions of flow monitoring, sterilization, turbulent flow, temperature control and the like, and the waste gas treatment efficiency and quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to an anesthesia respirator. Background Art

[0002] As a key medical device for controlling and assisting patients' breathing during surgical anesthesia, the core function of an anesthesia respirator is to accurately deliver a mixed gas containing anesthetic gases to the patient based on set parameters, such as tidal volume, respiratory rate, and inspiration-expiration ratio, while expelling the patient's exhaled gas from the body. In order to deal with the carbon dioxide waste gas in the exhaled gas, current anesthesia respirators are generally equipped with waste gas treatment mechanisms, among which soda lime is often used to absorb carbon dioxide.

[0003] Taking the anesthesia respirator disclosed in the patent with application number CN202411292029.1 as an example, when the device is running, a fixed time interval is used to determine the usage time of soda lime, and the replacement operation is triggered accordingly. However, in actual clinical applications, the metabolic conditions of different patients vary greatly, and there are significant differences in the amount and frequency of exhaled carbon dioxide, which leads to different actual consumption rates of soda lime. However, the anesthesia respirator cannot adjust the replacement rhythm of soda lime in real time according to the individual metabolic differences of patients, which may cause two undesirable situations: on the one hand, the soda lime may be replaced before it is exhausted, resulting in a waste of resources; on the other hand, the soda lime may be exhausted but not replaced in time, which will have an adverse effect on the normal use of the anesthesia respirator.

[0004] In addition, during the process of replacing soda lime, the anesthesia respirator needs to first discharge the used soda lime in the processing box into the waste box. After the discharge is completed, new soda lime is added from the storage box to the processing box. This replacement process is time-consuming. During this period, due to the lack of soda lime that can effectively absorb carbon dioxide in the processing box, the exhaust gas treatment process is forced to be interrupted for a long time, which greatly affects the patient's respiratory support and poses a potential threat to the patient's safety.

[0005] Therefore, we propose an anesthesia respirator to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an anesthesia respirator in view of the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an anesthesia respirator, comprising an anesthesia respirator body and a PLC controller arranged on the anesthesia respirator body, and the PLC controller controls the operation of the anesthesia respirator body through a built-in program, and also includes: A lower air guide seat is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the anesthesia ventilator body, the lower air guide seat is fixedly arranged with an upper air guide seat through a support frame, an annular air delivery cavity is opened on the upper air guide seat, and an annular exhaust cavity is opened on the lower air guide seat; A plurality of soda lime filter cartridges are arranged on the lower air guide seat, the upper and lower sides of the soda lime filter cartridges are fixedly connected with opening and closing units, and the annular air delivery cavity and the annular exhaust cavity are docked with the corresponding opening and closing units through the docking unit; A pretreatment box is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the upper air guide seat, an air inlet is fixedly arranged on the pretreatment box, and the air inlet is connected to the waste gas discharge pipeline of the anesthesia breathing machine body, and the exhaust end of the pretreatment box is connected to the annular air delivery cavity; A flow monitoring and sterilization unit is fixedly arranged in the air inlet, and an electrical signal processing unit cooperating with the flow monitoring and sterilization unit is arranged on the pretreatment box; A plurality of retractable temperature-control spoiler units are fixedly arranged in the pre-processing box, and each retractable temperature-control spoiler unit is staggeredly distributed; The filter switching unit is arranged on the upper air guide seat and is used to control the working state of each soda lime filter cartridge.

[0008] In the above-mentioned anesthesia respirator, the opening and closing unit includes an air guide port, a sealing magnetic ball and a spring telescopic rod. The air guide port is fixedly arranged on the soda lime filter cartridge, and the port of the air guide port is designed as a conical port. The sealing magnetic ball is fixedly arranged in the air guide port through the spring telescopic rod, and in the initial state, the sealing magnetic ball blocks the port of the air guide port.

[0009] In the above-mentioned anesthesia respirator, the docking unit includes a docking tube and a concave electromagnetic block. The docking tube located on the upper side is fixedly connected to the annular air delivery cavity through a corrugated expansion tube, and the docking tube located on the lower side is fixedly connected to the annular exhaust cavity. The docking tube is plugged and connected with the corresponding air guide port. The concave electromagnetic block is fixedly arranged in the docking tube. The lower end face of the concave electromagnetic block after being energized and magnetized is attracted to the end face of the air guide port, and the concave electromagnetic block will repel the blocking magnetic ball after being energized and magnetized, so that the blocking magnetic ball moves down to open the air guide port. A solenoid valve and a one-way valve are arranged on the docking tube.

[0010] In the above-mentioned anesthesia respirator, the flow monitoring and sterilization unit includes a piezoelectric ceramic component and a plurality of tip discharge conductors. The piezoelectric ceramic component is fixedly arranged in the air inlet and is used to generate an electrical signal when the exhaust gas flows. Each of the tip discharge conductors is fixedly arranged in the air inlet, and the tip discharge conductor utilizes the microcurrent generated by the piezoelectric ceramic component to perform tip discharge sterilization.

[0011] In the above-mentioned anesthesia respirator, the electrical signal processing unit includes a rectifier, a voltage stabilizing module and an electrical signal amplifier fixedly arranged on the pretreatment box, the rectifier is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic component, and is used to convert the alternating current generated by the piezoelectric ceramic component into direct current that is easy to use, the voltage stabilizing module is electrically connected to the rectifier, and is used to stabilize the converted direct current, the voltage stabilizing module is electrically connected to the electrical signal amplifier and each pointed discharge conductor, and the electrical signal amplifier is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and is used to feed back electrical signals to monitor the exhaust gas flow.

[0012] In the above-mentioned anesthesia respirator, the telescopic temperature-controlled spoiler unit includes a guide slide, a spoiler, an electromagnetic seat, a permanent magnet seat, a displacement sensor and a plurality of electric heating plates. The guide slide is fixedly arranged in the pretreatment box, and the spoiler is slidably connected to the guide slide through the permanent magnet seat. The electromagnetic seat is fixedly arranged in the guide slide, and the electromagnetic seat is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet seat through a reset spring. The electromagnetic seat can control the electromagnetic strength of the electromagnetic seat through a PLC controller based on the electrical signal feedback from the electrical signal amplifier. The plurality of electric heating plates are fixedly embedded in the spoiler. The displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the guide slide, and the displacement sensor is used to monitor the displacement condition of the spoiler to feedback the corresponding electrical signal to the PLC controller, so that the PLC controller controls the number of electric heating plates started according to the displacement change of the spoiler.

[0013] In the above-mentioned anesthesia respirator, the filter switching unit includes a reduction motor, a trigger slider, an annular trigger chamber and a plurality of trigger pressure switches. The reduction motor is highly arranged on the upper air guide seat, and the output end of the reduction motor is fixedly connected to the trigger slider through a fixing rod. The annular trigger chamber is opened on the upper air guide seat, and each trigger pressure switch is installed in the annular trigger chamber. Each of the trigger pressure switches corresponds to each soda lime filter cartridge one by one. The trigger slider is slidably connected to the annular trigger chamber, and when the trigger slider rotates, it can trigger the squeezed trigger pressure switch to feedback an electrical signal to the PLC controller, thereby controlling the solenoid valve and the concave electromagnetic block corresponding to the corresponding soda lime filter cartridge to switch. The reduction motor is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and can control the speed of the reduction motor in real time through the PLC controller based on the electrical signal feedback from the electrical signal amplifier.

[0014] In the above-mentioned anesthesia respirator, a breathable isolation layer is fixedly provided in the soda lime filter cartridge, and soda lime particles are placed on the breathable isolation layer, and a warning light cooperating with the trigger pressure switch is fixedly provided on the upper air guide seat.

[0015] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of an anesthesia respirator are: 1. By setting up a filter switching unit, the reduction motor is used to control the rotation of the trigger slider, triggering the pressure switch to feedback the signal to the PLC controller, so as to realize automatic switching of the soda lime filter cartridge, and remind the staff to replace it through the prompt light, reducing manual operation and ensuring the continuity of waste gas treatment. The reduction motor can monitor the waste gas flow signal fed back by the sterilization unit, adjust the speed in real time through the PLC controller, and intelligently control the switching time interval of the soda lime filter cartridge to avoid waste of resources and affect the use of equipment.

[0016] 2. By setting up a flow monitoring and sterilization unit, the piezoelectric ceramic component therein generates an electrical signal that is positively correlated with the flow rate when the exhaust gas flows, which not only supplies power to the tip discharge conductor for tip discharge sterilization to reduce the microbial content of the exhaust gas, but also feeds back the signal to the PLC controller through the electrical signal processing unit for monitoring the exhaust gas flow.

[0017] 3. By setting up a telescopic temperature-controlled spoiler unit, the spoiler disturbs the exhaust gas to make the components evenly mixed, thereby improving the filtering effect of soda lime. The electric heating plate on the spoiler heats the exhaust gas to enhance fluidity and further improve the treatment effect. At the same time, the PLC controller controls the electromagnetic strength of the electromagnetic seat to adjust the telescopic length of the spoiler according to the exhaust gas flow signal. The displacement sensor monitors the displacement of the spoiler and feeds back to the PLC controller to control the number of electric heating plates to start, thereby realizing intelligent adjustment according to the exhaust gas volume and avoiding waste of electricity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of an anesthesia respirator provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the upper air guide seat and the lower air guide seat of an anesthesia respirator provided by the present invention cooperating with each other; Figure 3 It is a front perspective structural schematic diagram of an upper air guide seat and a lower air guide seat of an anesthesia respirator provided by the present invention cooperating with each other; Figure 4 It is a front perspective structural schematic diagram of a soda lime filter cartridge of an anesthesia respirator provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air inlet of an anesthesia respirator provided by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a front perspective structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the opening and closing unit and the docking unit of an anesthesia respirator provided by the present invention; Figure 7 It is a side perspective structural schematic diagram of a telescopic temperature control spoiler unit of an anesthesia respirator provided by the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0019] In the figure: 1 anesthesia ventilator body, 2 PLC controller, 3 lower air guide seat, 4 support frame, 5 upper air guide seat, 6 annular air delivery cavity, 7 annular exhaust cavity, 8 soda lime filter cartridge, 9 opening and closing unit, 91 air guide port, 92 plugging magnetic ball, 93 spring telescopic rod, 10 docking unit, 101 docking tube, 102 concave electromagnetic block, 11 pretreatment box, 12 air inlet, 13 flow monitoring sterilization unit, 131 piezoelectric ceramic component, 132 tip discharge conductor, 14 electrical signal processing unit, 141 rectifier, 142 stabilizer pressure module, 143 electric signal amplifier, 15 telescopic temperature control spoiler unit, 151 guide slide, 152 spoiler, 153 electromagnetic seat, 154 permanent magnet seat, 155 displacement sensor, 156 electric heating plate, 16 filter switching unit, 161 reduction motor, 162 trigger slider, 163 annular trigger chamber, 164 trigger pressure switch, 17 solenoid valve, 18 one-way valve, 19 reset spring, 20 fixing rod, 21 breathable isolation layer, 22 warning light, 23 corrugated telescopic tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, an anesthesia respirator includes an anesthesia respirator body 1 and a PLC controller 2 arranged on the anesthesia respirator body 1, and the PLC controller 2 controls the operation of the anesthesia respirator body 1 through a built-in program, and also includes: The lower air guide seat 3 is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the anesthesia ventilator body 1. The lower air guide seat 3 is fixedly provided with an upper air guide seat 5 through a support frame 4. The upper air guide seat 5 is provided with an annular air delivery cavity 6, and the lower air guide seat 3 is provided with an annular exhaust cavity 7; A plurality of soda lime filter cartridges 8 are arranged on the lower air guide seat 3, and both upper and lower sides of the soda lime filter cartridges 8 are fixedly connected with opening and closing units 9, and the annular air delivery cavity 6 and the annular exhaust cavity 7 are docked with the corresponding opening and closing units 9 through docking units 10; The opening and closing unit 9 includes an air guide port 91, a blocking magnetic ball 92 and a spring telescopic rod 93. The air guide port 91 is fixedly arranged on the soda lime filter cartridge 8, and the port of the air guide port 91 is designed as a conical port. The blocking magnetic ball 92 is fixedly arranged in the air guide port 91 through the spring telescopic rod 93. In the initial state, the blocking magnetic ball 92 blocks the port of the air guide port 91. By setting the blocking magnetic ball 92 and the spring telescopic rod 93, the blocking magnetic ball 92 can automatically squeeze the spring telescopic rod 93 to contract when a force is applied to the blocking magnetic ball 92, and the air guide port 91 can be automatically opened. When the blocking magnetic ball 92 is not subjected to a force, the air guide port 91 can be automatically closed. The docking unit 10 includes a docking tube 101 and a concave electromagnetic block 102. The docking tube 101 located on the upper side is fixedly connected to the annular gas delivery cavity 6 through the corrugated telescopic tube 23, and the docking tube 101 located on the lower side is fixedly connected to the annular exhaust cavity 7. The docking tube 101 is plugged and connected with the corresponding air guide port 91. The concave electromagnetic block 102 is fixedly arranged in the docking tube 101. The lower end face of the concave electromagnetic block 102 after being energized and magnetized is attracted to the end face of the air guide port 91, and the concave electromagnetic block 102 will repel the blocking magnetic ball 92 after being energized and magnetized, so that the blocking magnetic ball 92 moves down to open the air guide port. 91, a solenoid valve 17 and a one-way valve 18 are arranged on the butt joint pipe 101. The concave solenoid block 102 can be used to quickly fix or release the butt joint state between the butt joint pipe 101 and the corresponding air guide port 91 by utilizing the magnetic change of power on and off. At the same time, the expansion and contraction of the blocking magnetic ball 92 can be synchronously controlled to realize the automatic opening and closing of the air guide port 91. The arrangement of the bellows expansion tube 23 facilitates the upper butt joint pipe 101 to move upward and make way, thereby facilitating the replacement of the soda lime filter cartridge 8. The arrangement of the solenoid valve 17 facilitates the opening and closing of the butt joint pipe 101. The arrangement of the one-way valve 18 can avoid gas backflow. The pretreatment box 11 is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the upper air guide seat 5. The pretreatment box 11 is provided with an air inlet 12, and the air inlet 12 is connected to the exhaust gas discharge pipeline of the anesthesia breathing machine body 1. The exhaust end of the pretreatment box 11 is connected to the annular air delivery cavity 6. A flow monitoring and sterilization unit 13 is fixedly arranged in the air inlet 12, and an electrical signal processing unit 14 cooperating with the flow monitoring and sterilization unit 13 is arranged on the pretreatment box 11; The flow monitoring and sterilization unit 13 includes a piezoelectric ceramic component 131 and a plurality of pointed discharge conductors 132. The piezoelectric ceramic component 131 is fixedly arranged in the air inlet 12, and is used to generate an electrical signal when the exhaust gas flows. The strength of the electrical signal is positively correlated with the exhaust gas flow rate. The piezoelectric ceramic component 131 is composed of a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets, and the ceramic piezoelectric sheets are connected in parallel with each other. The shape of the piezoelectric ceramic sheets is a wave shape, an airfoil shape, or other special-shaped structures that can enhance the induction of the exhaust gas impact force. Each pointed discharge conductor 132 is fixedly arranged in the air inlet 12, and the pointed discharge conductor 132 uses the microcurrent generated by the piezoelectric ceramic component 131 to perform pointed discharge sterilization. Through the set piezoelectric ceramic component 131, a corresponding current can be generated based on the flow of the exhaust gas to power each pointed discharge conductor 132, thereby avoiding the cumbersomeness of an external power supply and playing a certain energy-saving role. The pointed discharge conductor 132 can use the microcurrent generated by the piezoelectric ceramic component 131 to perform pointed discharge, which has a certain sterilization effect on the exhaust gas flowing through; The electric signal processing unit 14 includes a rectifier 141, a voltage stabilizing module 142 and an electric signal amplifier 143 fixedly arranged on the pretreatment box 11. The rectifier 141 is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic component 131, and is used to convert the alternating current generated by the piezoelectric ceramic component 131 into direct current that is convenient for use. The voltage stabilizing module 142 is electrically connected to the rectifier 141, and is used to perform voltage stabilization processing on the converted direct current. The voltage stabilizing module 142 is electrically connected to the electric signal amplifier 143 and each sharp discharge conductor 132, and the electric signal amplifier 143 is electrically connected to the PLC controller 2, and is used to feedback the electric signal to monitor the exhaust gas flow. The voltage stabilizing module 142 is composed of two independent voltage regulators, one of which is electrically connected to the electric signal amplifier 143, and is used to provide a stable voltage for the subsequent circuit for monitoring the exhaust gas volume, and the other voltage regulator is electrically connected to each sharp discharge conductor 132, and is specifically used to provide a stable micro-current for the sharp conductor; A plurality of telescopic temperature-controlled spoiler units 15 are fixedly arranged in the pretreatment box 11, and each of the telescopic temperature-controlled spoiler units 15 is staggeredly distributed. The telescopic temperature-controlled spoiler unit 15 includes a guide slide 151, a spoiler plate 152, an electromagnetic seat 153, a permanent magnetic seat 154, a displacement sensor 155 and a plurality of electric heating plates 156. The guide slide 151 is fixedly arranged in the pretreatment box 11, and the spoiler plate 152 is slidably connected to the guide slide 151 through the permanent magnetic seat 154. The electromagnetic seat 153 is fixedly arranged in the guide slide 151, and the electromagnetic seat 153 is fixedly connected to the permanent magnetic seat 154 through the reset spring 19. The electromagnetic seat 153 can be based on an electrical signal amplifier. The electric signal fed back by the guide slide 151 controls the electromagnetic strength of the electromagnetic seat 153 through the PLC controller 2. A plurality of electric heating plates 156 are fixedly embedded in the spoiler 152. The displacement sensor 155 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the guide slide 151. The displacement sensor 155 is used to monitor the displacement of the spoiler 152 to feed back the corresponding electric signal to the PLC controller 2, so that the PLC controller 2 controls the number of electric heating plates 156 started according to the displacement change of the spoiler 152. Through the cooperation of the electromagnetic seat 153 and the permanent magnet seat 154, the extension length of the spoiler 152 can be controlled, and the spoiler length can be adjusted based on different amounts of exhaust gas. The filter switching unit 16 is arranged on the upper air guide seat 5 and is used to control the working state of each soda lime filter cartridge 8. The filter switching unit 16 includes a reduction motor 161, a trigger slider 162, an annular trigger chamber 163 and a plurality of trigger pressure switches 164. The reduction motor 161 is highly arranged on the upper air guide seat 5, and the output end of the reduction motor 161 is fixedly connected to the trigger slider 162 through a fixing rod 20. The annular trigger chamber 163 is opened on the upper air guide seat 5, and each trigger pressure switch 164 is installed in the annular trigger chamber 163. Each trigger pressure switch 164 corresponds to each soda lime filter cartridge 8 one by one. The trigger slider 162 is slidably connected to the annular trigger chamber 163, and when the trigger slider 162 rotates, it can trigger the squeezed trigger pressure switch 164 to feedback an electrical signal to the PLC controller 2, thereby controlling The electromagnetic valve 17 and the concave electromagnetic block 102 corresponding to the corresponding soda lime filter cartridge 8 perform switching work, and the reduction motor 161 is electrically connected to the PLC controller 2. Based on the electrical signal fed back by the electrical signal amplifier 143, the speed of the reduction motor 161 can be controlled in real time through the PLC controller 2. Through the set reduction motor 161, the trigger slider 162 can be controlled to rotate slowly, and each trigger pressure switch 164 can be triggered at a certain time interval, thereby controlling the automatic switching of each soda lime filter cartridge 8 and switching the corresponding speed block, thereby effectively ensuring the waste gas treatment effect. In addition, the reduction motor 161 can be based on the signal feedback of the flow monitoring sterilization unit 13, according to the different metabolic levels of different patients, the amount of waste gas generated is different, and the appropriate speed is adjusted, thereby automatically adjusting the switching time interval of the soda lime filter cartridge 8 according to the patient's condition; A breathable isolation layer 21 is fixedly provided inside the soda lime filter cartridge 8, and the soda lime particles are placed on the breathable isolation layer 21. A warning light 22 that cooperates with the trigger pressure switch 164 is fixedly provided on the upper air guide seat 5. The setting of the breathable isolation layer 21 can prevent the soda lime particles from entering the air guide port 91. The setting of the warning light 22 can use its own extinguishing state to remind the staff to replace the soda lime filter cartridge 8 after the operation is completed.

[0022] The operating principle of the present invention is now described as follows: Before using the anesthesia respirator, the exhaust gas discharge pipeline of the operating room needs to be firmly connected to the exhaust port on the annular exhaust chamber 7 to build a channel for subsequent gas discharge. After the connection is completed, the anesthesia breathing operation is started through the PLC control device. At the initial start-up, the PLC controller 2 sends a command to the reduction motor 161 to make it start to rotate at a slow speed. The output shaft of the reduction motor 161 drives the trigger slider 162 to rotate synchronously. The trigger slider 162 is initially in the trigger pressure switch 164 position corresponding to the No. 1 soda lime filter cartridge 8 (for the sake of convenience, each soda lime filter cartridge 8 is numbered as 1, 2, 3, etc.), and when it is squeezed, the mechanical structure inside the trigger pressure switch 164 changes, and then an electrical signal is fed back to the PLC controller 2. After receiving the signal, the PLC controller 2 quickly issues instructions to the two docking units 10 corresponding to the No. 1 soda lime filter cartridge 8. At this time, the solenoid valve 17 is opened to allow gas to flow; the concave electromagnetic block 102 is energized to generate magnetism, and the magnetic field it generates, on the one hand, tightly attracts the air guide port 91 to ensure the stability of the docking and prevent gas leakage; on the other hand, the magnetic field generated by the concave electromagnetic block 102 interacts with the blocking magnetic ball 92, repels the blocking magnetic ball 92, and causes it to overcome the elastic force of the spring telescopic rod 93 and move downward, thereby opening the opening and closing unit, allowing the No. 1 soda lime filter cartridge 8 to be put into operation smoothly (as the trigger slider 162 continues to rotate, during its rotation, even if the trigger pressure switch 164 at position 1 is reset and disconnected due to the detachment of the trigger slider 162, the internal program of the PLC controller has recorded the information that the No. 1 soda lime filter cartridge 8 is in a working state, until the trigger slider 162 rotates to squeeze the No. 2 trigger pressure switch 164, and the No. 2 trigger pressure switch 164 feeds back an electrical signal to the PLC controller 2).

[0023] During the operation of the device, the waste gas exhaled by the patient enters the air inlet 12 through the waste gas discharge pipeline of the anesthesia ventilator body 1, and then flows into the pretreatment box 11 for pretreatment, and then is transported to the No. 1 soda lime filter cartridge 8 through the annular air delivery cavity 6. The soda lime in the soda lime filter cartridge 8 adsorbs and filters impurities such as carbon dioxide in the waste gas. The treated waste gas then passes through the annular exhaust cavity 7 and is discharged through the waste gas discharge pipeline of the operating room. As the reduction motor 161 continues to rotate, the trigger slider 162 also rotates continuously. When the trigger slider 162 rotates to squeeze the trigger pressure switch 164 corresponding to the No. 2 soda lime filter cartridge 8, the switch feeds back an electrical signal to the PLC controller 2. After receiving the signal, the PLC controller 2 controls the docking unit 10 corresponding to the No. 2 soda lime filter cartridge 8 to start, so that The soda lime filter cartridge 8 at position 2 starts to intervene in the filtering work. At the same time, the PLC controller 2 controls the docking unit 10 corresponding to the soda lime filter cartridge 8 at position 1 to cut off the power, the solenoid valve 17 is closed, the concave solenoid block 102 is powered off and demagnetized, and the suction effect on the air guide port 91 is lost, so that the staff can replace the soda lime filter cartridge 8 at position 1. The blocking magnetic ball 92 is reset under the elastic force of the spring telescopic rod 93, and the air guide port 91 is closed, and the soda lime filter cartridge 8 at position 1 stops working. In addition, the PLC controller 2 will also control the prompt light 22 corresponding to the soda lime filter cartridge 8 at position 1 to go out, reminding the staff to replace the filter cartridge in time. The subsequent soda lime filter cartridges 8 are switched in sequence according to this principle to achieve automatic and rapid replacement, effectively reducing the replacement time and ensuring the efficient and continuous progress of the exhaust gas treatment work.

[0024] When the exhaust gas enters the air inlet 12, it will directly impact the piezoelectric ceramic component 131. The piezoelectric ceramic component 131 is composed of multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets connected in parallel. These piezoelectric ceramic sheets are designed with special special-shaped structures such as wave-shaped and airfoil-shaped. This structure can significantly enhance the induction effect on the impact force of the exhaust gas. Under the impact of the exhaust gas, the piezoelectric material inside the piezoelectric ceramic component 131 produces a piezoelectric effect to generate alternating current. The generated alternating current first enters the rectifier 141. The rectifier 141 uses its internal diodes and other electronic components to convert the alternating current into a direct current micro-current according to a specific rectification circuit principle. Then, the direct current micro-current flows into the voltage stabilizing module 142. The voltage stabilizing module 142 is composed of two independent voltage stabilizers, one of which is specifically provided for the electrical signal amplifier 143. Stable voltage ensures the stable operation of the electrical signal monitoring circuit; another voltage stabilizer provides stable microcurrent for each pointed discharge conductor 132. The microcurrent after voltage stabilization is transmitted to each pointed discharge conductor 132. After the pointed discharge conductor 132 obtains the microcurrent, the electric field strength around it reaches a certain level, thereby causing a tip discharge phenomenon. The plasma generated during the discharge process is rich in active particles with strong oxidizing properties, such as hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion radicals. These active particles can react chemically with microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses in the exhaust gas, destroying the cell walls, cell membranes and internal nucleic acid structures of the microorganisms, making the microorganisms inactive, thereby achieving sterilization of the exhaust gas, effectively reducing the content of microorganisms in the exhaust gas, and reducing the risk of cross infection.

[0025] The waste gas entering the pretreatment box 11 will be affected by the spoilers 152 of multiple staggered retractable temperature-controlled spoiler units 15. When the anesthetic waste gas flows in the pipeline, the components may be unevenly distributed. For example, there is a difference between the gas composition near the pipeline wall and the gas composition in the central area of ​​the pipeline. The existence of the spoiler 152 causes the gases in different areas to collide and mix with each other when bypassing it. This turbulence breaks the uneven distribution of the waste gas components, so that the various components in the waste gas can be better mixed before entering the soda lime filter cartridge 8. In this way, during the soda lime filtration process, the soda lime can fully contact with the evenly mixed waste gas, avoiding the problem of local overreaction or underreaction, thereby significantly improving the filtration effect.

[0026] At the same time, the PLC controller 2 controls the electric heating plate 156 on the spoiler 152. After the electric heating plate 156 is started, it will heat the exhaust gas and maintain a certain heating temperature. The heating process intensifies the molecular movement of the exhaust gas, reduces the density, and enhances the fluidity. In this way, after the exhaust gas enters the soda lime filter cartridge 8, it can be more evenly distributed in the soda lime, further improving the treatment effect of the soda lime on the exhaust gas.

[0027] Different patients have different metabolic levels, and the amount of waste gas they produce will also vary. Changes in the amount of waste gas will cause different airflow impacts on the piezoelectric ceramic component 131, which will in turn produce corresponding changes in the electrical signal. When the patient's metabolism is strong, more waste gas is produced, and the waste gas has a greater impact on the piezoelectric ceramic component 131, causing it to produce a stronger electrical signal; when the patient's metabolism is weak, less waste gas is produced, the piezoelectric ceramic component 131 is less impacted, and the generated electrical signal is also weaker. The electrical signal amplifier 143 feeds back these electrical signals generated by the different metabolic levels of the patients to the PLC controller 2. The PLC controller 2 intelligently controls multiple components based on the built-in algorithm. On the one hand, the PLC controller 2 controls the speed of the reduction motor 161 according to the feedback electrical signal. When the amount of waste gas is large, the speed of the reduction motor 161 is increased, so that the trigger slider 162 rotates faster, shortening the time for each trigger pressure switch 164 to be triggered, thereby And speed up the switching speed of the soda lime filter cartridge 8 to meet the treatment needs of a large amount of exhaust gas; when the amount of exhaust gas is small, reduce the speed of the reduction motor 161, extend the time for the trigger pressure switch 164 to be triggered, reduce the switching frequency of the soda lime filter cartridge 8, and avoid waste of resources. On the other hand, the PLC controller 2 controls the electromagnetic strength of the electromagnetic seat 153 in each telescopic temperature control spoiler unit 15 according to the feedback electrical signal. When the amount of exhaust gas is large, the electromagnetic strength of the electromagnetic seat 153 is enhanced to increase its repulsive force on the permanent magnet seat 154, and the spoiler 152 is extended under the drive of the permanent magnet seat 154. The extended spoiler 152 can increase the contact area and disturbance degree with the exhaust gas, and further enhance the mixing effect of large-flow exhaust gas; when the amount of exhaust gas is small, reduce the electromagnetic strength of the electromagnetic seat 153, and the spoiler 152 shrinks under the action of the reset spring 19, reducing the flow resistance of small-flow exhaust gas, and avoiding the influence of the spoiler 152 on the exhaust gas treatment efficiency due to the excessive length of the spoiler 152.

[0028] During the extension and retraction of the spoiler 152, the displacement sensor 155 monitors its displacement changes in real time and feeds back the corresponding electrical signal to the PLC controller 2. When the spoiler 152 is extended, it means that the amount of exhaust gas has increased. After receiving the feedback signal from the displacement sensor 155, the PLC controller 2 controls more electric heating plates 156 on the spoiler 152 to start up to meet the heating needs for more exhaust gas and ensure that the exhaust gas can be fully mixed and effectively treated by soda lime; when the spoiler 152 is contracted, it indicates that the amount of exhaust gas has decreased. The PLC controller 2 controls the number of electric heating plates 156 to start up to prevent excessive heating of less exhaust gas, thereby avoiding waste of electricity.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anesthesia respirator, comprising an anesthesia respirator body (1) and a PLC controller (2) arranged on the anesthesia respirator body (1), wherein the PLC controller (2) controls the operation of the anesthesia respirator body (1) through a built-in program, characterized in that: Also includes: A lower air guide seat (3) is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the anesthesia ventilator body (1), the lower air guide seat (3) being fixedly arranged with an upper air guide seat (5) via a support frame (4), the upper air guide seat (5) being provided with an annular air delivery cavity (6), and the lower air guide seat (3) being provided with an annular exhaust cavity (7); A plurality of soda lime filter cartridges (8) are arranged on the lower air guide seat (3); the upper and lower sides of the soda lime filter cartridges (8) are fixedly connected to the opening and closing units (9); and the annular air delivery cavity (6) and the annular exhaust cavity (7) are docked with the corresponding opening and closing units (9) via docking units (10); A pretreatment box (11) is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the upper air guide seat (5), and an air inlet (12) is fixedly arranged on the pretreatment box (11). The air inlet (12) is connected to the waste gas discharge pipeline of the anesthesia breathing machine body (1), and the exhaust end of the pretreatment box (11) is connected to the annular air delivery cavity (6); A flow monitoring and sterilization unit (13) is fixedly arranged in the air inlet (12); the pretreatment box (11) is provided with an electrical signal processing unit (14) that cooperates with the flow monitoring and sterilization unit (13); A plurality of telescopic temperature-controlling spoiler units (15) are all fixedly arranged in the pre-processing box (11), and the telescopic temperature-controlling spoiler units (15) are arranged in a staggered manner; The filter switching unit (16) is arranged on the upper air guide seat (5) and is used to control the working state of each soda lime filter cartridge (8).

2. An anesthesia breathing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing unit (9) comprises an air guide port (91), a blocking magnetic ball (92) and a spring telescopic rod (93); the air guide port (91) is fixedly arranged on the soda lime filter cartridge (8), and the port of the air guide port (91) is designed as a conical port; the blocking magnetic ball (92) is fixedly arranged in the air guide port (91) via the spring telescopic rod (93); and in an initial state, the blocking magnetic ball (92) blocks the port of the air guide port (91).

3. An anesthesia breathing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The docking unit (10) comprises a docking tube (101) and a concave electromagnetic block (102); the docking tube (101) located on the upper side is fixedly connected to the annular gas delivery cavity (6) via a corrugated telescopic tube (23), and the docking tube (101) located on the lower side is fixedly connected to the annular exhaust cavity (7); the docking tube (101) is plugged and connected to the corresponding gas guide port (91); the concave electromagnetic block (102) is fixedly arranged in the docking tube (101); the lower end surface of the concave electromagnetic block (102) is attracted to the end surface of the gas guide port (91) after being energized and magnetized; and the concave electromagnetic block (102) repels the blocking magnetic ball (92) after being energized and magnetized, so that the blocking magnetic ball (92) moves downward to open the gas guide port (91); and the docking tube (101) is provided with a solenoid valve (17) and a one-way valve (18).

4. An anesthesia breathing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow monitoring sterilization unit (13) comprises a piezoelectric ceramic component (131) and a plurality of pointed discharge conductors (132); the piezoelectric ceramic component (131) is fixedly arranged in the air inlet (12) and is used to generate an electrical signal when the exhaust gas flows; each of the pointed discharge conductors (132) is fixedly arranged in the air inlet (12), and the pointed discharge conductors (132) use the microcurrent generated by the piezoelectric ceramic component (131) to perform pointed discharge sterilization.

5. An anesthesia breathing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electric signal processing unit (14) comprises a rectifier (141), a voltage stabilizing module (142) and an electric signal amplifier (143) fixedly arranged on the pre-processing box (11); the rectifier (141) is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic component (131) and is used to convert the alternating current generated by the piezoelectric ceramic component (131) into direct current that is convenient for use; the voltage stabilizing module (142) is electrically connected to the rectifier (141) and is used to perform voltage stabilization processing on the converted direct current; the voltage stabilizing module (142) is electrically connected to the electric signal amplifier (143) and each of the tip discharge conductors (132); and the electric signal amplifier (143) is electrically connected to the PLC controller (2) and is used to feed back electric signals to monitor the exhaust gas flow rate.

6. An anesthesia breathing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic temperature-controlled spoiler unit (15) comprises a guide slide (151), a spoiler plate (152), an electromagnetic seat (153), a permanent magnet seat (154), a displacement sensor (155) and a plurality of electric heating plates (156); the guide slide (151) is fixedly arranged in the pre-treatment box (11), and the spoiler plate (152) is slidably connected to the guide slide (151) via the permanent magnet seat (154); the electromagnetic seat (153) is fixedly arranged in the guide slide (151), and the electromagnetic seat (153) is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet seat (154) via a return spring (19); the electromagnetic seat (153) is fixedly arranged in the guide slide (151), and the electromagnetic seat (153) is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet seat (154) via a return spring (19); 53) Based on the electric signal fed back by the electric signal amplifier (143), the electromagnetic intensity of the electromagnetic seat (153) can be controlled by the PLC controller (2), the plurality of electric heating plates (156) are fixedly embedded in the spoiler (152), the displacement sensor (155) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the guide slide (151), and the displacement sensor (155) is used to monitor the displacement status of the spoiler (152) to feed back the corresponding electric signal to the PLC controller (2), so that the PLC controller (2) controls the number of electric heating plates (156) started according to the displacement change of the spoiler (152).

7. An anesthesia breathing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter switching unit (16) comprises a reduction motor (161), a trigger slider (162), an annular trigger chamber (163) and a plurality of trigger pressure switches (164); the reduction motor (161) is arranged at a height on the upper air guide seat (5), and the output end of the reduction motor (161) is fixedly connected to the trigger slider (162) via a fixing rod (20); the annular trigger chamber (163) is opened on the upper air guide seat (5), and each trigger pressure switch (164) is installed in the annular trigger chamber (163); each trigger pressure switch (164) is connected to each soda lime filter cartridge ( 8) are in one-to-one correspondence, the trigger slider (162) is slidably connected to the annular trigger chamber (163), and when the trigger slider (162) rotates, it can trigger the squeezed trigger pressure switch (164) to feedback an electrical signal to the PLC controller (2), thereby controlling the electromagnetic valve (17) and the concave electromagnetic block (102) corresponding to the corresponding soda lime filter cartridge (8) to perform switching operations, and the reduction motor (161) is electrically connected to the PLC controller (2), and can control the speed of the reduction motor (161) in real time through the PLC controller (2) based on the electrical signal fed back by the electrical signal amplifier (143).

8. An anesthesia breathing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: A breathable isolation layer (21) is fixedly disposed in the soda lime filter cartridge (8), and soda lime particles are placed on the breathable isolation layer (21). A warning light (22) that cooperates with the trigger pressure switch (164) is fixedly disposed on the upper air guide seat (5).

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