Corn seed sorting machine capable of reducing mechanical damage

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn seed sorting machine capable of reducing mechanical damage, which comprises a rack, the rack is fixedly connected with a material distributing hopper, the rack is provided with a plurality of negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanisms, the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanisms are communicated with the material distributing hopper, the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanisms are communicated with a material conveying mechanism, the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanisms are communicated with a fan, and the fan is communicated with a material conveying mechanism. The negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism is communicated with an air inlet of the fan; the detection assembly comprises a detection box body, the detection box body is fixedly connected to the rack, a near-infrared hyperspectral detector and a machine vision detector are installed in the detection box body and located above the material conveying mechanism, and an air-blowing sorting mechanism is arranged on the rack and located above the material conveying mechanism. And the air-blowing sorting mechanism is communicated with an air outlet of the fan. The problem that mechanical damage is caused to corn seeds in the feeding and sorting processes of a traditional seed sorting machine is effectively solved, and the qualified rate of the seeds is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed sorting devices, and in particular to a corn seed sorting machine capable of reducing mechanical damage. Background Art

[0002] In the agricultural field, the quality of corn seeds has an important impact on agricultural production results and economic development. High-quality corn seeds are the key to achieving high and stable yields. In the process of corn seed production, in order to obtain high-quality seeds, unqualified seeds need to be eliminated. Traditional methods include manual or mechanical sorting. The currently widely used automatic seed selection technology is mainly based on the mechanical and physical properties of seeds, such as external dimensions, density, grain weight, floating speed and surface smoothness, and is sorted based on differences in physical fields and appearance. However, there is a significant problem with the traditional sorting method, that is, the secondary mechanical damage rate to seeds is high, about 25%. The high damage rate limits the expansion of seed production scale and quality improvement, and brings an economic burden to farmers and agricultural enterprises.

[0003] With the advancement of science and technology, the application and development of automatic seed detection and sorting machines are becoming more and more extensive. Although the sorting efficiency is improved, the damage caused to the seeds by the machine during the sorting process leads to a waste of resources. Taking the seed sorting machine with hyperspectral imaging detection technology as an example, although the material damage problem is improved in the screening link, the impact damage problem between the mechanical structure and the material has not been solved in the feeding and sorting links. Impact damage leads to a decrease in the utilization rate of qualified materials. Due to mechanical damage, the expected quality standards cannot be met and they are mistakenly judged as unqualified seeds and removed.

[0004] Therefore, a corn seed sorting machine with reduced mechanical damage is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a corn seed sorting machine with reduced mechanical damage, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and solve the problem of mechanical damage to corn seeds caused by the mechanical structure of the feeding link and the sorting link during the screening process of the seed selection machine. By reducing the mechanical damage during the feeding and sorting process, the seed qualification rate is improved, the adverse effects of mechanical damage on the actual quality of the seeds after screening are reduced, and the seed revenue loss is reduced.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a corn seed sorting machine for reducing mechanical damage, comprising:

[0007] A frame, a material distribution hopper is fixedly connected to the frame, a plurality of negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanisms are installed on the frame, the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism is connected with the material distribution hopper, the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism is connected with a material conveying mechanism, the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism is connected with a fan, and the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism is connected with an air inlet of the fan;

[0008] A detection component, wherein the detection component includes a detection box, the detection box is fixedly connected to the frame, a near-infrared hyperspectral detector and a machine vision detector are installed in the detection box, the near-infrared hyperspectral detector and the machine vision detector are located above the material conveying mechanism, an air blowing sorting mechanism is arranged on the frame, and the air blowing sorting mechanism is connected to the air outlet of the fan.

[0009] Preferably, the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism comprises a front shell and a rear shell, the front shell and the rear shell are fixedly connected by fixing bolts, a negative pressure seed suction structure is arranged in the front shell, the negative pressure seed suction structure is communicated with the fan, an inlet is arranged on the rear shell, the inlet is communicated with a material receiving hard pipe, the material receiving hard pipe is communicated with the distribution hopper through a feeding pipe, a first through hole is arranged on the front shell, a first rotating shaft is passed through the first through hole, the negative pressure seed suction structure is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, the seed disturbance mechanism is installed on the first rotating shaft, a first motor is fixedly connected to the frame, the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, a seed disturbance mechanism is arranged in the rear shell, the negative pressure seed suction structure and the seed disturbance mechanism are both transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft, a seed blocking plate is fixedly connected to the rear shell, and the seed blocking plate is located below the seed disturbance mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the negative pressure seed suction structure includes an inner connecting plate, which is fixedly connected to the front shell body, a negative pressure groove is fixedly connected to the inner connecting plate, a seed suction disk is rotatably connected to the negative pressure groove, a shaped hole is provided on the seed suction disk, the seed suction disk is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, and an air suction port is provided on the front shell body and the inner connecting plate, the air suction port is connected to the negative pressure groove, the shaped hole is connected to the negative pressure groove, the air suction port is connected to a first air guide hose, and several of the first air guide hoses are connected to the air inlet of the fan through the No. 1 main air pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the seed disturbance mechanism includes a cam, a connecting rod, a crank and a sleeve, the sleeve is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, the cam is fixedly connected to the sleeve, the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the cam via pin 1, one end of the crank is rotatably connected to the connecting rod via pin 2, the crank is rotatably connected to the rear housing via pin 3, and a material stripping plate is fixedly connected to the crank.

[0012] Preferably, the material conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt, a plurality of second rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the frame, a rotating wheel is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, the conveyor belt is wrapped around two rotating wheels, a discharge port is opened on the rear shell body, the discharge port is located above the conveyor belt, the second rotating shaft is transmission-connected to a second motor, and the second motor is fixedly connected to the frame.

[0013] Preferably, the air-blowing sorting mechanism includes an air-blowing sorting plate, which is fixedly connected to the frame, and is provided with a groove and an air flow channel, the air flow channel is connected to the groove, and a second air guide hose is connected to the air flow channel, and several of the second air guide hoses are connected to the air outlet of the fan through the No. 2 main air pipe, and the groove faces the conveyor belt.

[0014] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: the present invention uses a combination of seed disturbance, air suction, spectral detection and air blowing to construct a non-destructive cleaning work plan for corn seeds. Through the close cooperation and coordinated work of various components, the problem of mechanical damage to corn seeds caused by traditional seed sorting machines during feeding and sorting is effectively solved, the seed qualification rate is improved, the actual quality of seeds after screening is guaranteed, high-quality corn seeds are provided for agricultural production, and the invisible benefits of seeds are increased. The present invention has application prospects and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a corn seed sorting machine for reducing mechanical damage according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seed suction tray of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air-blowing sorting plate of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the detection box structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material distribution hopper of the present invention;

[0024] Fig. 9 It is a top cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0025] Fig.10 This is a rear view of the material distribution hopper of the present invention; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the negative pressure tank of the present invention;

[0026] Among them, 1. negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism; 2. air blowing sorting mechanism; 3. detection box; 4. material conveying mechanism; 5. fan; 6. material hopper; 7. frame; 8. front shell; 9. rear shell; 10. fixing bolt; 11. seed suction plate; 12. negative pressure groove; 13. first rotating shaft; 14. seed disturbance mechanism; 15. air blowing sorting plate; 16. second air guide hose; 17. machine vision detector; 18. near-infrared hyperspectral detector; 19. first motor; 20. seed blocking plate; 21. solenoid valve; 22. cam; 23. connecting rod; 24. crank; 25. sleeve; 26. material stripping plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Reference Figure 1-10 The present invention provides a corn seed sorting machine capable of reducing mechanical damage, comprising:

[0030] A frame 7, a material distribution hopper 6 is fixedly connected to the frame 7, a plurality of negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanisms 1 are installed on the frame 7, the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism 1 is connected with the material distribution hopper 6, the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism 1 is connected with a material conveying mechanism 4, the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism 1 is connected with a fan 5, and the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism 1 is connected with an air inlet of the fan 5;

[0031] The detection component includes a detection box 3, which is fixedly connected to the frame 7. A near-infrared hyperspectral detector 18 and a machine vision detector 17 are installed in the detection box 3. The near-infrared hyperspectral detector 18 and the machine vision detector 17 are located above the material conveying mechanism 4. An air blowing sorting mechanism 2 is provided on the frame 7, and the air blowing sorting mechanism 2 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 5.

[0032] In this device, the dividing hopper 6 is used to hold corn seeds. After the corn seeds are poured into the dividing hopper 6, the corn seeds will flow into the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism 1. The negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism 1 will place the corns one by one on the material conveying mechanism 4. When the material conveying mechanism 4 transports the corn seeds, the near-infrared hyperspectral detector 18 and the machine vision detector 17 above the material conveying mechanism 4 will detect the seeds. When unqualified seeds are detected, the air blowing sorting mechanism 2 will blow the unqualified seeds away from the material conveying mechanism 4, thereby retaining qualified corn seeds. The fan 5 provides negative pressure suction and blowing airflow for this device.

[0033] A further optimization scheme is provided, in which the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism 1 comprises a front shell 8 and a rear shell 9, which are fixedly connected by fixing bolts 10, a negative pressure seed suction structure is arranged in the front shell 8, and the negative pressure seed suction structure is connected with the fan 5, a feed port is arranged on the rear shell 9, and a material receiving hard pipe is connected to the feed port, and the material receiving hard pipe is connected with the distribution hopper 6 through a feeding pipe, a first through hole is arranged on the front shell 8, a first rotating shaft 13 is passed through the first through hole, the negative pressure seed suction structure is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 13, a seed disturbance mechanism 14 is installed on the first rotating shaft 13, a first motor 19 is fixedly connected to the frame 7, and an output shaft of the first motor 19 is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 13, a seed disturbance mechanism 14 is arranged in the rear shell 9, and both the negative pressure seed suction structure and the seed disturbance mechanism 14 are transmission-connected with the first rotating shaft 13, a seed blocking plate 20 is fixedly connected to the rear shell 9, and the seed blocking plate 20 is located below the seed disturbance mechanism 14.

[0034] After the air inlet of the fan 5 generates suction, negative pressure will be generated in the negative pressure seed suction structure; when the corn seeds in the dividing hopper 6 enter the rear shell body 9 through the feeding port, they will fall onto the seed blocking plate 20, and the corn seeds will accumulate on the seed blocking plate 20. The first motor will also drive the seed disturbance mechanism 14 to move. The movement of the seed disturbance mechanism 14 will push the accumulated seeds onto the negative pressure seed suction structure, and the negative pressure seed suction structure will absorb the seeds. As the negative pressure seed suction structure moves, when the negative pressure seed suction structure moves to a position without negative pressure, the seeds will fall and fall onto the material conveying mechanism 4.

[0035] A further optimized solution is provided, in which the negative pressure seed suction structure includes an inner connecting plate 27, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the front shell body, and a seed suction disk 11 is rotatably connected to the inner connecting plate 27, and a molded hole is provided on the seed suction disk 11, and the seed suction disk 11 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 13, and an air suction port is provided on the front shell body 8 and the connecting plate 27, and the air suction port is connected to the negative pressure groove 12, and the molded hole is connected to the negative pressure groove 12, and the air suction port is connected to a first air guide hose, and a plurality of first air guide hoses are connected to the air inlet of the fan 5 through the No. 1 main air pipe.

[0036] The fan 5 is connected to the air suction port through the No. 1 main air pipe and the first air guide hose, so that the negative pressure groove 12 generates negative pressure. After the negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure groove 12, the airflow will enter the negative pressure groove 12 through the molded hole, thereby forming a negative pressure airflow. The seed disturbing mechanism 14 will move the middle dial to the vicinity of the molded hole of the seed suction disk 11, so as to facilitate the negative pressure seed suction structure to absorb seeds. The first rotating shaft 13 drives the seed suction disk 11 to rotate. As the seed suction disk 11 rotates, the seeds will be absorbed onto the molded hole. In this embodiment, the shape of the negative pressure groove 12 is shown in Figure 12, which is not a complete ring. The first motor 19 drives the seed suction disk 11 to rotate. When the seed suction disk 11 rotates, the molded hole will gradually move. When the molded hole moves out of the range of the negative pressure groove 12, it will lose suction and the seeds will fall onto the material conveying mechanism 4.

[0037] A further optimization scheme is that the seed disturbance mechanism 14 includes a cam 22, a connecting rod 23, a crank 24 and a sleeve 25. The sleeve 25 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 13, and the cam 22 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 25. The connecting rod 23 is rotatably connected to the cam 22 through pin 1, one end of the crank 24 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 23 through pin 2, the crank 24 is rotatably connected to the rear housing 9 through pin 3, and a material stripping plate 26 is fixedly connected to the crank 24.

[0038] The sleeve 25 and the cam 22 of the first rotating shaft 13 rotate, the connecting rod 23 is eccentrically arranged on the cam 22, the cam 22 drives the connecting rod 23 to move, the connecting rod 23 drives the crank 24 to move, and the crank 24 is rotatably connected to the rear housing 9. Therefore, the crank 24 will reciprocate on the rear housing 9 driven by the connecting rod 23, so that the material-pickup plate 26 keeps picking up materials.

[0039] A further optimized solution is that the material conveying mechanism 4 includes a conveyor belt, a plurality of second rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the frame 7, a rotating wheel is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, the conveyor belt is wrapped around the two rotating wheels, a discharge port is opened on the rear shell body 9, the discharge port is located above the conveyor belt, the second rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the second motor, and the second motor is fixedly connected to the frame 7.

[0040] The second motor drives the second rotating shaft to drive the rotating wheel to rotate, and the rotating wheel drives the conveyor belt to rotate. One conveyor belt can be equipped with one second motor. The installation of the material conveying mechanism 4 adopts the existing technology to realize the conveying of corn seeds.

[0041] A further optimized solution is that the air-blowing sorting mechanism 2 includes an air-blowing sorting plate 15, which is fixedly connected to the frame 7. A groove and an air flow channel are provided on the air-blowing sorting plate 15. The air flow channel is connected to the groove. A second air guide hose 16 is connected to the air flow channel. Several second air guide hoses 16 are connected to the air outlet of the fan 5 through the No. 2 main air pipe, and the groove faces the conveyor belt.

[0042] The fan 5 blows out air flow, the air flow passes through the second main air pipe and the second air guide hose 16, and the air flow is blown out from the groove through the air flow channel.

[0043] The working principle of the device is that after the corn seeds are poured into the dividing hopper 6, the corn seeds enter the rear shell body 9 through the feeding port, and then fall onto the seed retaining plate, where the corn seeds will accumulate on the seed retaining plate. The first motor (not shown in the figure) drives the first rotating shaft 13 to rotate, and the first rotating shaft 13 drives the seed suction disc 11 to rotate. At the same time, the first rotating shaft 13 also drives the seed disturbing mechanism 14 to rotate. The movement of the seed disturbing mechanism 14 will push the accumulated seeds to the vicinity of the shaped hole of the knife seed suction disc 11. After the air inlet of the fan 5 generates suction, negative pressure will be generated in the negative pressure groove 12. It is closed on the seed suction tray 11, so the air flow will enter the negative pressure groove 12 through the shaped hole, thereby forming a negative pressure air flow, which facilitates the seeds to be adsorbed. When the seed suction tray 11 rotates, the shaped hole will gradually move. When the shaped hole moves out of the range of the negative pressure groove 12, the suction will be lost, and the seeds will fall onto the conveyor belt. The near-infrared hyperspectral detector 18 and the machine vision detector 17 above will detect the seeds. When unqualified seeds are detected, the air blowing sorting mechanism 2 will blow the unqualified seeds away from the material conveying mechanism 4, thereby retaining qualified corn seeds.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0045] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn seed sorting machine for reducing mechanical damage, characterized in that: include: A frame (7), a material distribution hopper (6) is fixedly connected to the frame (7), a plurality of negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanisms (1) are installed on the frame (7), the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism (1) is connected to the material distribution hopper (6), the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism (1) is connected to a material conveying mechanism (4), the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism (1) is connected to a fan (5), and the negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism (1) is connected to an air inlet of the fan (5); A detection component, the detection component comprising a detection box (3), the detection box (3) being fixedly connected to the frame (7), a near-infrared hyperspectral detector (18) and a machine vision detector (17) being installed in the detection box (3), the near-infrared hyperspectral detector (18) and the machine vision detector (17) being located above the material conveying mechanism (4), an air-blowing sorting mechanism (2) being arranged on the frame (7), and the air-blowing sorting mechanism (2) being connected to an air outlet of the fan (5).

2. A corn seed sorting machine for reducing mechanical damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure adsorption feeding mechanism (1) comprises a front shell (8) and a rear shell (9), the front shell (8) and the rear shell (9) are fixedly connected by fixing bolts (10), a negative pressure seed suction structure is arranged in the front shell (8), the negative pressure seed suction structure is connected to the fan (5), an inlet is arranged on the rear shell (9), a material receiving hard pipe is connected to the inlet, the material receiving hard pipe is connected to the distribution hopper (6) through a feeding pipe, a first through hole is arranged on the front shell (8), a first rotating shaft (13) is passed through the first through hole, and the negative pressure seed suction structure The seed disturbing mechanism (14) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (13), the seed disturbing mechanism (14) is installed on the first rotating shaft (13), the frame (7) is fixedly connected to a first motor (19), the output shaft of the first motor (19) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (13), the seed disturbing mechanism (14) is arranged in the rear housing (9), the negative pressure seed suction structure and the seed disturbing mechanism (14) are both transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft (13), and the rear housing (9) is fixedly connected to a seed blocking plate (20), the seed blocking plate (20) is located below the seed disturbing mechanism (14).

3. A corn seed sorting machine for reducing mechanical damage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The negative pressure seed suction structure comprises an inner connecting plate (27), the inner connecting plate (27) is fixedly connected to the front shell (8), a negative pressure groove (12) is fixedly connected to the inner connecting plate (27), a seed suction disc (11) is rotatably connected to the negative pressure groove (12), a shaped hole is provided on the seed suction disc (11), the seed suction disc (11) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (13), an air suction port is provided on the front shell (8) and the inner connecting plate, the air suction port is connected to the negative pressure groove (12), the shaped hole is connected to the negative pressure groove (12), the air suction port is connected to a first air guide hose, and a plurality of the first air guide hoses are connected to the air inlet of the fan (5) through a No. 1 main air pipe.

4. A corn seed sorting machine for reducing mechanical damage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seed disturbing mechanism (14) comprises a cam (22), a connecting rod (23), a crank (24) and a casing (25); the casing (25) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (13); the cam (22) is fixedly connected to the casing (25); the connecting rod (23) is rotatably connected to the cam (22) via a first pin; one end of the crank (24) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (23) via a second pin; the crank (24) is rotatably connected to the rear housing (9) via a third pin; and a material stripping plate (26) is fixedly connected to the crank (24).

5. A corn seed sorting machine for reducing mechanical damage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material conveying mechanism (4) comprises a conveyor belt, a plurality of second rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the frame (7), a rotating wheel is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, the conveyor belt is wrapped around two rotating wheels, a discharge port is provided on the rear shell (9), the discharge port is located above the conveyor belt, the second rotating shaft is transmission-connected to a second motor, and the second motor is fixedly connected to the frame (7).

6. A corn seed sorting machine for reducing mechanical damage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air-blowing sorting mechanism (2) comprises an air-blowing sorting plate (15), the air-blowing sorting plate (15) is fixedly connected to the frame (7), a groove and an air flow channel are provided on the air-blowing sorting plate (15), the air flow channel is connected to the groove, a second air guide hose (16) is connected to the air flow channel, a plurality of the second air guide hoses (16) are connected to the air outlet of the fan (5) through the second main air pipe, the groove faces the conveyor belt, and the second air guide hose (16) is provided with The solenoid valve (21) is connected to a Raspberry Pi 4B as a main controller, extracts the image values ​​uploaded by the near-infrared hyperspectral detector (18) and the machine vision detector (17), and performs threshold matching to determine whether the seeds are qualified. When unqualified seeds pass through the sensor in front of the sorting device, the solenoid valve (21) is controlled to open, and the sorting device blows air to complete the screening. When qualified seeds pass through, the sensor does not send a signal, the solenoid valve (21) does not open, and the air-blowing sorting plate (15) does not blow air.

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