Multidirectional self-adaptive lathe saddle carriage

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lathes, in particular to a multidirectional self-adaptive lathe tool rest carriage which comprises a driving part, a first-class triangular sliding groove, a second-class triangular sliding groove and a third-class triangular sliding groove. The second-type triangular chute is parallel to the first-type triangular chute and is arranged on the guide rail group; the first sliding groove flat top face and the second sliding groove flat top face are arranged at the top end of the first-class triangular sliding groove or the top end of the second-class triangular sliding groove in a sunken mode and used for Z-direction dynamic structure optimization and abrasion self-adaptive compensation. The first sliding groove redundant face and the second sliding groove redundant face are arranged on the side wall of the first-class triangular sliding groove or the side wall of the second-class triangular sliding groove, extend in the direction away from the guide rail set and are used for X-direction dynamic structure optimization and abrasion self-adaptive compensation. According to the invention, automatic compensation is realized when the carriage is subjected to larger load and impact force, so that a gap is not generated between the carriage and a contact surface of a lathe guide rail group, the higher positioning precision of a carried tool rest is further realized, and the machining quality of a lathe is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lathes, and in particular to a multi-directional self-adaptive lathe tool rest carriage. Background Art

[0002] At present, hard rail machine tools are widely used in the existing lathe industry, and the mainstream is triangular guide rails and rectangular guide rails composed of multiple joint surfaces. Therefore, correspondingly, the lathe tool holder slide on the triangular guide rail is a full triangular guide rail slide or a full rectangular guide rail slide.

[0003] Of course, the full triangle guideway or full rectangular guideway has its own advantages, such as the good guiding performance of the full triangle guideway, that is, the slide is easier, and the bearing capacity of the full rectangular guideway, that is, the stress does not act on the inclined surface and thus does not cause uneven stress distribution. The full triangle guideway or full rectangular guideway also has its own disadvantages. The bearing capacity of the full triangle guideway is always inferior to that of the full rectangular guideway, and after it is worn, the uneven stress distribution is aggravated, which leads to the unstable movement of the lathe tool holder carried on it, which directly affects the machining accuracy of the lathe tool holder.

[0004] For example, the patent document with application number 201410697159.3 discloses a guide rail for a CNC lathe, but it does not improve the guide rail slide groove.

[0005] Therefore, how to combine the advantages of the full triangular guide rail slot and the full rectangular guide rail slot to design a more stable slot structure for the lathe tool holder slide is a technical problem that needs to be solved at present. Summary of the invention

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides a multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder slide, which realizes the dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation in the Z direction of the lathe through the flat top surface of the triangular slide, and realizes the dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation in the X direction of the lathe through the redundant surface of the triangular slide. The double triangular slides can realize the rapid installation of the slide and realize automatic compensation of the slide when the load and impact force are large. There is no gap between the contact surface between the slide and the lathe guide rail group, thereby realizing a higher positioning accuracy of the tool holder carried by it, and improving the processing quality of the lathe.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder carriage, comprising:

[0008] A driving part connected to a driving assembly of a lathe bed, arranged on a guide rail assembly of the lathe bed, and a first type of triangular sliding groove is arranged on a connecting surface with the guide rail assembly;

[0009] A second type of triangular chute, parallel to the first type of triangular chute, and arranged on the guide rail assembly;

[0010] The tool rest connecting part has a rectangular slide groove for connecting the tool rest assembly of the lathe on the side wall, and the first type of triangular slide groove and the second type of triangular slide groove are arranged on the bottom surface;

[0011] The first type of triangular chute has a first chute flat top surface and a first chute redundant surface, and the second type of triangular chute has a second chute flat top surface and a second chute redundant surface;

[0012] The first slide groove flat top surface and the second slide groove flat top surface are recessed at the top of the first type of triangular slide groove or the second type of triangular slide groove and spaced from the guide rail group, so as to perform dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation in the Z direction;

[0013] The first slot redundant surface and the second slot redundant surface are arranged on the side walls of the first type triangular slot or the second type triangular slot, extending in a direction away from the guide rail group and spaced from the guide rail group, for performing X-direction dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation.

[0014] In the above scheme, by combining two types of triangular slides and rectangular slides on one slide, the characteristics of the slide movement in different directions and the slide driving the tool holder movement are combined, so that the tool holder it carries has better movement smoothness and positioning accuracy, thereby improving the processing quality of the lathe.

[0015] Furthermore, the first slide groove flat top surface and the second slide groove flat top surface are both arranged horizontally, and the first slide groove redundant surface and the second slide groove redundant surface are both arranged vertically, so as to perform adaptive fitting compensation for wear in Z direction and X direction.

[0016] Further, the flat top surface of the first chute and the flat top surface of the second chute have a first functional relationship with the side wall inclination and the horizontal cross-sectional width of the bottom of the first type of triangular chute, or the side wall inclination and the horizontal cross-sectional width of the bottom of the second type of triangular chute;

[0017] There is a second functional relationship between the first chute redundant surface and the second chute redundant surface and the sidewall inclination and sidewall height of the first type of triangular chute, or the sidewall inclination and sidewall height of the second type of triangular chute;

[0018] The first functional relationship and the second functional relationship are adjusted by the load distribution coefficient of the side wall, the excitation frequency of the slideway and the roughness of the contact surface of the guide rail group to optimize the dynamic structure.

[0019] Furthermore, both side walls of the first type of triangular chute are provided with first reinforcement grooves, and both side walls of the second type of triangular chute are provided with second reinforcement grooves, so as to constrain the displacement of the redundant surface of the first chute or the redundant surface of the second chute.

[0020] Further, the first chute redundant surface is located on the side of the first chute redundant block group protruding from the bottom end of the first type of triangular chute, and the second chute redundant surface is located on the side of the second chute redundant block group protruding from the bottom end of the second type of triangular chute;

[0021] The first reinforcement groove is a multi-bend V-shaped arrangement, wherein the multiple bends of the multi-bend V-shaped arrangement are respectively flush with the opposite surfaces between the redundant blocks of the first chute redundant block group, so as to constrain the displacement of the redundant surface of the first chute;

[0022] The second reinforcement groove is a multi-bend V-shaped configuration, and the multiple bends of the multi-bend V-shape are respectively flush with the relative surfaces between the redundant blocks of the second slide groove redundant block group, so as to constrain the displacement of the redundant surfaces of the second slide groove.

[0023] In the above scheme, the multi-directional dynamic structure optimization design and automatic compensation of the slideway are realized in combination with the performance parameters of the slideway contact surface, thereby achieving a substantial improvement in the positioning accuracy of the lathe tool holder.

[0024] Further, the driving part includes a first driving part and a second driving part, and a horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the first driving part is smaller than a horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the second driving part.

[0025] Furthermore, a special-shaped reinforcement rib is provided on the bottom surface of the tool holder connection portion between the first type of triangular sliding groove and the second type of triangular sliding groove;

[0026] The special-shaped reinforcement ribs include horizontal reinforcement ribs, curved reinforcement ribs and concave reinforcement ribs in sequence;

[0027] The horizontal reinforcing ribs and the curved reinforcing ribs are used to cooperate to reduce deformation caused by stress concentration;

[0028] The recessed reinforcing rib is connected to the guide rail assembly to transmit stress to the guide rail assembly.

[0029] In the above scheme, the dispersion and transmission of load stress are achieved through special-shaped reinforcement ribs.

[0030] Furthermore, the tool holder connecting portion is provided with a tool holder base connecting slide groove and a tool holder base connecting lead screw groove;

[0031] The tool holder base connecting slide groove and the tool holder base connecting lead screw groove are both extended in the X direction.

[0032] Furthermore, two of the special-shaped reinforcement ribs are symmetrically arranged between the first-type triangular chute and the second-type triangular chute;

[0033] The screw mounting hole of the tool holder base connected to the screw groove is arranged on the upper side of the driving part;

[0034] The first type of triangular chute and the second type of triangular chute are symmetrically arranged along a vertical symmetry plane passing through the center of the curved reinforcement rib.

[0035] Furthermore, the driving portion, the first type of triangular sliding groove, the second type of triangular sliding groove, the tool holder connecting portion and the special-shaped reinforcing rib are integrally formed.

[0036] In the above scheme, the overall optimized design of the lathe tool holder slide is realized.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The flat top surface of the triangular shaped chute realizes the dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation of the lathe in the Z direction. The redundant surface of the triangular shaped chute realizes the dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation of the lathe in the X direction. The double triangular chute can realize the rapid installation of the slide plate, and realize the automatic compensation of the slide plate when the load and impact force are large. There is no gap between the contact surface of the slide plate and the lathe guide rail group, thereby realizing the higher positioning accuracy of the tool holder and improving the processing quality of the lathe.

[0039] 2. By combining the double-type triangular slide and rectangular slide on one slide, the characteristics of the slide movement in different directions and the slide-driven tool holder movement are combined, so that the tool holder it carries has better movement stability and positioning accuracy, thereby improving the processing quality of the lathe.

[0040] 3. The multi-directional dynamic structure optimization design and automatic compensation of the slide combined with the performance parameters of the slide contact surface are realized, thereby achieving a substantial improvement in the positioning accuracy of the lathe tool holder.

[0041] 3. The load stress is dispersed and transmitted through special-shaped reinforcement ribs.

[0042] 4. The overall optimized design of the lathe tool holder slide has been realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lathe tool holder carriage from one perspective in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another lathe tool holder carriage from one perspective in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another lathe tool holder carriage from another perspective in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is the lathe tool holder carriage of the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local structure of part A;

[0047] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another lathe tool holder carriage from a bottom perspective in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a lathe from one perspective in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 It is the lathe in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the local structure of part B;

[0050] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lathe from another perspective in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Description of the main components in the figure: 1. Tool holder connection part; 11. Rectangular slide groove; 12. Tool holder base connecting screw groove; 13. Mounting groove; 14. Screw seat;

[0052] 2. driving part; 21. first guide rail connecting part; 211. first type triangular slide groove; 2111. first slide groove flat top surface; 2112. first slide groove redundant surface; 2113. first slide groove redundant block group; 2114. first reinforcement groove; 22. first driving part; 221. first through hole group; 222. first driving part fixing block; 23. second driving part; 231. second through hole group; 232. second driving part fixing block;

[0053] 3. Special-shaped reinforcement ribs; 31. Horizontal reinforcement ribs; 32. Curved reinforcement ribs; 33. Concave reinforcement ribs;

[0054] 4. Second guide rail connection portion; 41. Second type triangular slide groove; 411. Second slide groove flat top surface; 412. Second slide groove redundant surface; 413. Second slide groove redundant block group; 414. Second reinforcement groove;

[0055] 5. Lathe tool rest assembly; 6. Guide rail lower slide; 71. First triangular hard rail; 72. Second triangular hard rail set; 721. Second main triangular hard rail; 722. Second secondary triangular hard rail; 8. Driving assembly; 9. Inverted L-shaped transmission member.

[0056] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but are intended to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0060] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0061] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder slide, which realizes the dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation in the Z direction of the lathe through the flat top surface of the triangular slide, and realizes the dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation in the X direction of the lathe through the redundant surface of the triangular slide. The double triangular slides can realize the rapid installation of the slide and realize automatic compensation of the slide when the load and impact force are large. There is no gap between the contact surface between the slide and the lathe guide rail group, thereby realizing a higher positioning accuracy of the tool holder carried by it, and improving the processing quality of the lathe.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment proposes a multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder carriage, comprising: a driving part 2, connected to a driving assembly 8 of a lathe bed, arranged on a guide rail assembly of the lathe bed, and a first type of triangular slide groove 211 is arranged on a connecting surface with the guide rail assembly;

[0063] The second type of triangular chute 41 is parallel to the first type of triangular chute 211 and is arranged on the guide rail assembly; the first type of triangular chute 211 has a first chute flat top surface 2111 and a first chute redundant surface 2112, and the second type of triangular chute 41 has a second chute flat top surface 411 and a second chute redundant surface 412;

[0064] The tool rest connecting part 1 has a rectangular slide groove 11 for connecting the lathe tool rest assembly 5 on the side wall, and the first type of triangular slide groove 211 and the second type of triangular slide groove 41 are arranged on the bottom surface;

[0065] The first slide groove flat top surface 2111 and the second slide groove flat top surface 411 are recessed at the top end of the first type triangular slide groove 211 or the second type triangular slide groove 41 and are spaced from the guide rail group for Z-direction dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation; the first slide groove redundant surface 2112 and the second slide groove redundant surface 412 are arranged on the side walls of the first type triangular slide groove 211 or the second type triangular slide groove 41, extending in the direction away from the guide rail group and are spaced from the guide rail group for X-direction dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation.

[0066] It is understandable that the rectangular chute 11 can withstand large loads and impact forces, and has high positioning accuracy and repeat positioning accuracy during lathe processing. The rectangular chute 11 has undergone special surface treatment and has high wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Therefore, in the above scheme, by combining the double-type triangular chute and the rectangular chute on a carriage, the characteristics of the carriage movement in different directions and the carriage-driven tool holder movement are combined, so that the tool holder carried by it has better movement stability and positioning accuracy, thereby improving the processing quality of the lathe.

[0067] It should be noted that the Z direction and the X direction are the directions of the lathe coordinate system, that is, the Z direction is the axial direction of the lathe spindle, and is also the extension direction of the second type of triangular slot 41 and the first type of triangular slot 211, and the X direction is the direction horizontally perpendicular to the Z direction. Since the lathe tool holder slide plate described in this embodiment only controls the Z direction and X direction movement of the lathe tool holder, through its Z direction movement on the guide rail group and the X direction movement of the lathe tool holder on it, although Figure 1 The first slide groove flat top surface 2111 and the second slide groove flat top surface 411 are shown at the top of the first type of triangular slide groove 211 or the second type of triangular slide groove 41, i.e., in the Y direction, and the ultimate purpose is to optimize the movement in the Z direction through compensation in the Y direction.

[0068] Furthermore, if Figures 1 to 4As shown, the first slide groove flat top surface 2111 and the second slide groove flat top surface 411 are both arranged horizontally, and the first slide groove redundant surface 2112 and the second slide groove redundant surface 412 are both arranged vertically, so as to perform adaptive fitting compensation for wear in Z direction and X direction.

[0069] Furthermore, if Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a first functional relationship exists between the first slot flat top surface 2111 and the second slot flat top surface 411 and the side wall inclination and the horizontal cross-sectional width of the slot bottom of the first type triangular slot 211, or the side wall inclination and the horizontal cross-sectional width of the slot bottom of the second type triangular slot 41; a second functional relationship exists between the first slot redundant surface 2112 and the second slot redundant surface 412 and the side wall inclination and the side wall height of the first type triangular slot 211, or the side wall inclination and the side wall height of the second type triangular slot 41; the first functional relationship and the second functional relationship are adjusted by the load distribution coefficient of the side wall, the slot excitation frequency and the roughness of the contact surface of the guide rail group to optimize the dynamic structure.

[0070] It is understandable that the guide rail group described in this embodiment includes the first triangular hard rail 71, the second main triangular hard rail 721 and the second auxiliary triangular hard rail 722, which are all lathe hard rails with the advantage of strong rigidity. However, the hard rail is connected to the machine bed in one piece, and the shape and position tolerance, roughness requirements, aging treatment, quenching treatment and other processes are difficult to control during the processing, resulting in the processing quality of the hard rail being inferior to that of the linear rail. And the service life of the hard rail is usually shorter than that of the linear rail, because the hard rail is operated by sliding friction and is subject to greater friction, resulting in accelerated wear. Therefore, the first functional relationship and the second functional relationship, by considering the influencing factors of the dynamic characteristics of the contact surface between the hard rail and the slideway and the structural parameter design thereof, make the structural parameters of the first slideway flat top surface 2111, the second slideway flat top surface 411, the first slideway redundant surface 2112 and the second slideway redundant surface 412 have better dynamic performance, so as not to be too high or too wide to cause the bearing capacity and stability of the second type triangular slideway 41 and the first type triangular slideway 211 to be not good enough, nor too low or too narrow to cause the inability to adapt to the wear condition, that is, the working condition of the lathe. At the same time, see Figure 7 The top and side bottom ends of conventional machine tool triangular hard rails are both edges with good right angles to ensure the machining accuracy of the lathe. Therefore, the first slide groove flat top surface 2111, the second slide groove flat top surface 411, the first slide groove redundant surface 2112 and the second slide groove redundant surface 412 cannot be simply designed as parallel extensions of the track surfaces on both sides, because if they are simply set in parallel with the track, their edges will abut against the edges of the track, thereby causing stress concentration and accelerating wear, which is not conducive to the stability of the slide groove.

[0071] Specifically, based on the above considerations, we establish Figure 4The coordinate system shown in the figure establishes a rectangular coordinate system with the bottom of the outer side surface of the first type of triangular slot 211 or the second type of triangular slot 41 relative to the first slot redundant surface 2112 or the second slot redundant surface 412 as the origin, wherein the horizontal axis is the X axis and the vertical axis is the Y axis, and the first functional relationship is:

[0072] a=f(b)=f0wαln(h0+b)

[0073] In the formula, a and b are the horizontal width and vertical height of the flat top surface 2111 of the first slide groove or the flat top surface 411 of the second slide groove, respectively; f0 is the first adjustment coefficient, which is calculated according to the load distribution coefficient, the contact fit coefficient and the roughness of the contact surface of the guide rail group; w is the horizontal cross-sectional width of the bottom of the first triangular slide groove 211 or the second triangular slide groove 41; α is the side wall inclination of the first triangular slide groove 211 or the second triangular slide groove 41, which is calculated counterclockwise from the x-axis; and h0 is the side wall extension fitting height of the first triangular slide groove 211 or the second triangular slide groove 41 (with the bottom end of the flat top surface 2111 of the first slide groove or the flat top surface 411 of the second slide groove as the bottom). It can be understood that the horizontal width and vertical height of the flat top surface 2111 of the first slide groove or the flat top surface 411 of the second slide groove are generally inversely proportional, which can ensure that the proportional relationship between the horizontal width and the vertical height is relatively accurate and meets the motion performance characteristics f0 and the structural sliding performance w and h0 of the slide groove. Specifically, the horizontal width a is proportional to the horizontal cross-sectional width w of the groove bottom and the inclination α of the side wall, which is consistent with the fact that the larger the cross-sectional width w, the larger the contact surface area, the greater the degree of wear, and the more redundant space is needed. h0 reflects the cutoff of the concentrated force part, that is, the height of the force that should be concentrated if the track is a full triangle. h0+b reflects the sum of the increaseable area and the cutoff area. The sum ensures that they are considered at the same time, that is, if one side increases, the other side can be reduced accordingly. The vertical height b ranges from 7mm to 9mm, and the curve of the first functional relationship is a curve with a small change amplitude, so that the horizontal width a is 20mm to 24mm. In summary, the first functional relationship can be used to fine-tune the horizontal width of the first slide groove flat top surface 2111 or the second slide groove flat top surface 411 to make it more reasonable and more in line with the needs of adaptive adjustment and machine tool motion accuracy.

[0074] The calculation formula of the first adjustment coefficient is:

[0075] f0=p+ω+X+k1

[0076] Wherein, f0 is the first adjustment coefficient, p is the load distribution coefficient, ω is the chute excitation frequency, X is the roughness of the contact surface of the guide rail group, and k1 is the first correction coefficient. It can be understood that the first adjustment coefficient comprehensively considers the comprehensive influence of the load distribution coefficient, the chute excitation frequency and the roughness of the contact surface of the guide rail group on the chute. Since it is converted into a dimensionless value for calculation, it is necessary to add the first correction coefficient k1 to make it conform to the first functional relationship of the millimeter level. The first correction coefficient k1 is preferably 0.83 to 0.95. Specifically, the load distribution coefficient p is used to describe the distribution of the load on the chute. The strain parameters of different positions of the first type of triangular chute 211 or the second type of triangular chute 41 are measured by multiple strain gauges. The unit is percentage, and the load distribution coefficient is calculated by the change of the strain parameter. The chute excitation frequency ω is an important indicator of the dynamic characteristics of the whole machine tool. The unit is Hertz. It is collected by a laser vibrometer during the working process of the machine tool and reflects the stiffness and damping of the chute during the movement. The contact surface roughness X of the guide rail assembly is measured by scanning the guide rail surface using a surface roughness measuring instrument, and the unit is micrometer.

[0077] Accordingly, the second functional relationship is:

[0078] c=f(d)=f1hαln(d)-w

[0079] In the formula, c and d are the horizontal width and vertical height of the redundant surface 2112 of the first slide groove or the redundant surface 412 of the second slide groove, respectively, f1 is the second adjustment coefficient, h is the side wall height of the first type of triangular slide groove 211 or the second type of triangular slide groove 41, α is the side wall inclination of the first type of triangular slide groove 211 or the second type of triangular slide groove 41, calculated counterclockwise from the x-axis, w is the horizontal cross-sectional width of the bottom of the first type of triangular slide groove 211 or the second type of triangular slide groove 41, and is used to translate the calculated value from one side of the redundant surface to the coordinate origin.

[0080] The calculation formula of the second adjustment coefficient is:

[0081] f1=p+ω+X+k2

[0082] Wherein, f1 is the second adjustment coefficient, p is the load distribution coefficient, ω is the sliding groove excitation frequency, X is the guide rail group contact surface roughness, k2 is the second correction coefficient, preferably 0.65 to 0.73, which conforms to the rule that the transverse wear rate of the sliding groove is not as good as the longitudinal wear rate.

[0083] Further, see Figure 5 Both side walls of the first type triangular slide groove 211 are provided with a first reinforcement groove 2114, and both side walls of the second type triangular slide groove 41 are provided with a second reinforcement groove 414, so as to constrain the displacement of the first slide groove redundant surface 2112 or the second slide groove redundant surface 412.

[0084] Further, see Figure 5 The first slot redundant surface 2112 is located on the side of the first slot redundant block group 2113 protruding from the bottom end of the first type triangular slot 211, and the second slot redundant surface 412 is located on the side of the second slot redundant block group 413 protruding from the bottom end of the second type triangular slot 41; the first reinforcement groove 2114 is a multi-bend V-shaped setting, and its multiple bends of the multi-bend V-shape are respectively flush with the relative surfaces between the redundant blocks of the first slot redundant block group 2113, so as to constrain the displacement of the first slot redundant surface 2112; the second reinforcement groove 414 is a multi-bend V-shaped setting, and its multiple bends of the multi-bend V-shape are respectively flush with the relative surfaces between the redundant blocks of the second slot redundant block group 413, so as to constrain the displacement of the second slot redundant surface 412.

[0085] See also Figure 5 , the opposite surfaces are the opposite sides of the two redundant blocks.

[0086] Specifically, see Figure 5 The first reinforcement groove 2114 and the second reinforcement groove 414 have three bends, the bends on both sides are horizontally arranged with respect to the opposite surfaces of the first slide groove redundant block group 2113 and the second slide groove redundant block group 413, and the middle bend is located in the middle position of the whole drag plate.

[0087] More specifically, the shape fitting formula of the bend is:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, x and y are the horizontal coordinate and vertical coordinate of the bottom surface of the first type triangular slide groove 211 or the second type triangular slide groove 41, respectively, and e is a natural constant. The values ​​of each constant are all preferred values, which realize a bend with a certain curvature, thereby reducing the friction force of the bottom surface of the slide groove.

[0090] In the above scheme, the multi-directional dynamic structure optimization design and automatic compensation of the slideway are realized in combination with the performance parameters of the slideway contact surface, thereby achieving a substantial improvement in the positioning accuracy of the lathe tool holder.

[0091] Furthermore, the driving unit 2 further comprises a first driving unit 22 and a second driving unit 23, wherein the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the first driving unit 22 is smaller than the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the second driving unit 23. Figure 8 , achieving a larger horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the second driving part 23 close to the driving motor side and a more stable fixation with the motor transmission.

[0092] Further, the tool rest connecting portion 1 is used to connect the lathe tool rest assembly 5, and the first type of triangular sliding groove 211 and the second type of triangular sliding groove 41 are arranged on the bottom surface, and a special-shaped reinforcing rib 3 is arranged on the bottom surface of the tool rest connecting portion 1 between the first type of triangular sliding groove 211 and the second type of triangular sliding groove 41;

[0093] The special-shaped reinforcement ribs 3 include horizontal reinforcement ribs 31, curved reinforcement ribs 32 and recessed reinforcement ribs 33 in sequence; the horizontal reinforcement ribs 31 and the curved reinforcement ribs 32 are used to cooperate to reduce deformation caused by stress concentration; the recessed reinforcement ribs 33 are connected to the guide rail group to transmit stress to the guide rail group.

[0094] It can be understood that the stress in the middle of the carriage is more concentrated and more likely to produce bending deformation. In the above solution, the load stress is dispersed and transmitted through the special-shaped reinforcement ribs 3.

[0095] Further, see Figure 1 , 2 and 6, the tool holder connecting portion 1 is provided with a rectangular slide groove 11 and a tool holder base connecting screw groove 12; the tool holder base connecting slide groove 11 and the tool holder base connecting screw groove 12 are both extended in the X direction.

[0096] Preferably, Figure 1 exist Figure 2 A screw seat 14 is added on the basis of the tool holder base, and the screw seat 14 is located on the outer side wall of the tool holder base connecting the screw groove 12 away from the screw head, so as to stably assemble the screw, thereby realizing stable transmission of the tool holder connecting part 1 to the lathe tool holder assembly 5. Figures 2 to 8 The screw seat 14 is replaced with a mounting groove 13, and the mounting groove 13 is arranged on the bottom surface of the tool holder base connected to one end of the screw groove 12, so as to realize the convenient disassembly of the lathe tool holder slide on the lathe bed.

[0097] Understandably, see Figure 4 The carriage of this embodiment is assembled with other parts of the machine tool by connecting screws, rivets and other connectors through the through holes of the second through hole group 231, the first through hole group 221, the first slide slot redundant block group 2113, and the through holes of the second slide slot redundant block group 413. Therefore, maintenance personnel can lift and disassemble the carriage through the through holes and the mounting grooves 13 without damaging the guide rail group.

[0098] Further, see Figure 5 The special-shaped reinforcement ribs 3 are symmetrically arranged in two between the first triangular chute 211 and the second triangular chute 41;

[0099] The screw mounting hole of the tool holder base connected to the screw slot 12 is arranged on the upper side of the driving part 2;

[0100] The first type of triangular chute 211 and the second type of triangular chute 41 are symmetrically arranged along a vertical symmetry plane passing through the center of the curved reinforcing rib 32. Therefore, the first type of triangular chute 211 and the second type of triangular chute 41 have completely the same shape and structure, and the symmetrical arrangement realizes even stress distribution.

[0101] Further, see Figure 5 The driving part 2, the first triangular chute 211, the second triangular chute 41, the tool holder connecting part 1 and the special-shaped reinforcing rib 3 are integrally formed. Therefore, the joints of the carriage are reduced, and the integrity and strength of the carriage are improved.

[0102] In the specific application of the lathe tool holder carriage described in this embodiment, Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the second type of triangular chute 41 is arranged on the second guide rail connecting part 4, the first type of triangular chute 211 is arranged on the first guide rail connecting part 21, the first driving part 22 has a first driving part fixing block 222 at the bottom, and the second driving part 23 has a second driving part fixing block 231 at the bottom to strengthen the structural strength of the driving part connected to the driving motor. The rectangular chute 11 connected to the tool holder base of the lathe tool holder assembly 5 is preferably a rectangular groove, so as to achieve stable transmission.

[0103] In the specific application of the lathe tool holder carriage described in this embodiment, Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the second guide rail connecting part 4 is connected to the guide rail lower slider 6 that semi-encloses the guide rail to realize the stable movement of the second guide rail connecting part 4 on the second main triangular hard rail 721, and the first guide rail connecting part 21 is connected to the inverted L-shaped transmission member 9 to drive the power of the driving assembly 8 to move stably, and the L-shaped transmission member 9 semi-encloses the second triangular hard rail group 72. Based on the stable installation of the first guide rail connecting part 21 and the second guide rail connecting part 4, the recessed reinforcement rib 33 only needs to contact the upper surface of the second secondary triangular hard rail 722 to realize stable movement.

[0104] In this embodiment, the dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation of the lathe in the Z direction are realized by the flat top surface of the triangular chute, and the dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation of the lathe in the X direction are realized by the redundant surface of the triangular chute. The double triangular chute can realize the rapid installation of the carriage, and realize the automatic compensation of the carriage when the load and impact force are large. There is no gap between the contact surface of the carriage and the lathe guide rail group, so as to realize the high positioning accuracy of the tool holder, and improve the processing quality of the lathe. By combining the double triangular chute and the rectangular chute on a carriage, the characteristics of the carriage movement in different directions and the carriage driving the tool holder movement are combined, so that the tool holder carried by the carriage has better moving stability and positioning accuracy, and the processing quality of the lathe is improved. The multi-directional dynamic structure optimization design and automatic compensation of the chute combined with the performance parameters of the chute contact surface are realized, so as to realize the substantial improvement of the positioning accuracy of the lathe tool holder. The load stress is dispersed and transmitted by the special-shaped reinforcement rib 3. The overall optimization design of the lathe tool holder carriage is realized.

[0105] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0106] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional adaptive lathe tool carriage, characterized in that: include: A driving part (2) is connected to a driving assembly (8) of a lathe bed and is arranged on a guide rail assembly of the lathe bed, and a first type triangular sliding groove (211) is arranged on a connecting surface with the guide rail assembly; A second type of triangular sliding groove (41), which is parallel to the first type of triangular sliding groove (211) and is arranged on the guide rail assembly; A tool holder connecting portion (1), the side wall of which is provided with a rectangular slide groove (11) for connecting to a lathe tool holder assembly (5), and the bottom surface of which is provided with the first type of triangular slide groove (211) and the second type of triangular slide groove (41); The first type of triangular chute (211) has a first chute flat top surface (2111) and a first chute redundant surface (2112), and the second type of triangular chute (41) has a second chute flat top surface (411) and a second chute redundant surface (412); The first slide groove flat top surface (2111) and the second slide groove flat top surface (411) are recessed at the top of the first type of triangular slide groove (211) or the second type of triangular slide groove (41) and are spaced from the guide rail group, so as to perform dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation in the Z direction; The first slide groove redundant surface (2112) and the second slide groove redundant surface (412) are arranged on the side wall of the first type triangular slide groove (211) or the second type triangular slide groove (41), extending in a direction away from the guide rail group and spaced from the guide rail group, so as to perform X-direction dynamic structure optimization and wear adaptive compensation.

2. The multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first slide groove flat top surface (2111) and the second slide groove flat top surface (411) are both arranged horizontally, and the first slide groove redundant surface (2112) and the second slide groove redundant surface (412) are both arranged vertically, so as to perform adaptive fitting compensation for wear in the Z direction and the X direction.

3. The multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: There exists a first functional relationship between the first slide groove flat top surface (2111) and the second slide groove flat top surface (411) and the side wall inclination and the groove bottom horizontal cross-sectional width of the first type of triangular slide groove (211), or the side wall inclination and the groove bottom horizontal cross-sectional width of the second type of triangular slide groove (41); There is a second functional relationship between the first chute redundant surface (2112) and the second chute redundant surface (412) and the side wall inclination and side wall height of the first type of triangular chute (211), or the side wall inclination and side wall height of the second type of triangular chute (41); The first functional relationship and the second functional relationship are adjusted by the load distribution coefficient of the side wall, the excitation frequency of the slideway and the roughness of the contact surface of the guide rail group to optimize the dynamic structure.

4. The multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both side walls of the first type triangular slide groove (211) are provided with a first reinforcement groove (2114), and both side walls of the second type triangular slide groove (41) are provided with a second reinforcement groove (414), so as to constrain the displacement of the first slide groove redundant surface (2112) or the second slide groove redundant surface (412).

5. The multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder carriage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first slide groove redundant surface (2112) is located on the side of the first slide groove redundant block group (2113) protruding from the bottom end of the first type of triangular slide groove (211), and the second slide groove redundant surface (412) is located on the side of the second slide groove redundant block group (413) protruding from the bottom end of the second type of triangular slide groove (41); The first reinforcement groove (2114) is a multi-bend V-shaped configuration, wherein the multiple bends of the multi-bend V-shaped configuration are respectively flush with the relative surfaces between the redundant blocks of the first slide groove redundant block group (2113), so as to constrain the displacement of the first slide groove redundant surface (2112); The second reinforcement groove (414) is a multi-bend V-shaped configuration, wherein the multiple bends of the multi-bend V-shape are respectively flush with the relative surfaces between the redundant blocks of the second slide groove redundant block group (413), so as to constrain the displacement of the second slide groove redundant surface (412).

6. The multi-directional adaptive lathe tool carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving part (2) comprises a first driving part (22) and a second driving part (23), wherein a horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the first driving part (22) is smaller than a horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the second driving part (23).

7. The multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder slide according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A special-shaped reinforcing rib (3) is provided on the bottom surface of the tool holder connecting portion (1) between the first-type triangular sliding groove (211) and the second-type triangular sliding groove (41); The special-shaped reinforcing ribs (3) include horizontal reinforcing ribs (31), curved reinforcing ribs (32) and concave reinforcing ribs (33) in sequence; The horizontal reinforcing ribs (31) and the curved reinforcing ribs (32) are used to cooperate to reduce deformation caused by stress concentration; The recessed reinforcing rib (33) is connected to the guide rail assembly to transmit stress to the guide rail assembly.

8. The multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder carriage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tool holder connecting portion (1) is provided with a tool holder base connecting sliding groove (11) and a tool holder base connecting lead screw groove (12); The tool holder base connecting slide groove (11) and the tool holder base connecting lead screw groove (12) are both arranged to extend in the X direction.

9. The multi-directional adaptive lathe tool carriage according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two of the special-shaped reinforcement ribs (3) are symmetrically arranged between the first-type triangular sliding groove (211) and the second-type triangular sliding groove (41); The screw mounting hole of the tool holder base connected to the screw groove (12) is arranged on the upper side of the driving part (2); The first type of triangular sliding groove (211) and the second type of triangular sliding groove (41) are symmetrical along a vertical symmetry plane passing through the center of the curved reinforcing rib (32).

10. The multi-directional adaptive lathe tool holder carriage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving portion (2), the first type of triangular sliding groove (211), the second type of triangular sliding groove (41), the tool holder connecting portion (1) and the special-shaped reinforcing rib (3) are integrally formed.

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