Blade for hard alloy machining and cutter using same

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hard alloy machining, in particular to a blade for hard alloy machining and a cutter using the blade. The hard alloy machining blade comprises a blade body of a cylindrical structure, the circumference of one end of the blade body forms a cutting edge, and a plane part is arranged at the center position, corresponding to the end face of the cutting edge, of the blade body. A first inclined part is arranged between the edge of the plane part and the cutting edge, the first inclined part gradually inclines downwards from the edge close to the plane part to the cutting edge, and the plane part protrudes outwards in the axial direction of the blade body relative to the first inclined part. The method has the advantage that the physical and mechanical properties of the material are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cemented carbide processing, in particular to a cutting blade for cemented carbide processing and a tool using the cutting blade. Background Art

[0002] Chinese patent application with application number 201110153980.5 discloses a blade for rib engraving of cemented carbide rolling mill, comprising a blade head and a blade body, wherein the main blade face of the blade head comprises a main cutting edge and two side blades symmetrically arranged about the main cutting edge, wherein the range of the side blade back angle A2 is 7°≤A2≤9°; the back blade face of the main cutting edge is composed of a continuous first main back blade face, a second secondary back blade face and a third secondary back blade face, wherein the back angle A1 of the first main back blade face, the back angle B of the second secondary back blade face and the back angle C of the third secondary back blade face are 7°≤A1≤11°, 28°≤B≤32°, and 53°≤C≤63° respectively, and the relationship between the height K and the height G of the first main back blade face and the second secondary back blade face and the blade thickness H are 40%H≤K≤58%H and 25%H≤G≤37%H respectively; and the relationship between the blade thickness H and the blade cross-sectional diameter D is 60%D≤H≤85%D.

[0003] In the above technical scheme, the physical and mechanical properties of the blade are improved by setting the cutting end of the blade to a three-blade structure along the height direction of the blade, and the angle between the three-blade and the height direction of the blade is increased successively, so as to enhance the overall strength of the blade. However, in the above technical scheme, the upper horizontal surface of the blade is still used as the turning surface for turning the cemented carbide workpiece. In the actual processing process, the reaction force of the cemented carbide workpiece on the blade acts vertically on the upper surface of the blade. Since there is no solid structure perpendicular to the upper surface of the blade at the lower end of the upper surface of the blade, the upper surface of the blade is still prone to chipping during processing. Once the blade in the above technical scheme chips, the chipped edge structure of the turning surface of the blade is supported, resulting in the structure of the chipped edge being quickly consumed by the reaction force of the cemented carbide workpiece, which will still cause further damage to the blade and poor use effect.

[0004] Therefore, improving the physical and mechanical properties of the blade to ensure the structural strength of the blade when processing a cemented carbide workpiece is a technical problem that still needs to be solved in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbide machining insert capable of changing the relative angle between the turning surface of the insert and the carbide workpiece to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the insert, a tool holder using the insert and equipment for producing the insert.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention discloses a blade for cemented carbide processing and a tool using the blade, comprising a blade body with a cylindrical structure, one end circumference of the blade body constituting a cutting edge, the blade body having a planar portion at the center position of the end surface corresponding to the cutting edge, a first inclined portion being provided between the edge of the planar portion and the cutting edge, the first inclined portion gradually inclining downward from the edge close to the planar portion toward the cutting edge, and the planar portion protruding outwardly along the axial direction of the blade body relative to the first inclined portion.

[0007] When the cemented carbide workpiece needs to be turned or cut, the first inclined portion of the blade body is connected to the cemented carbide workpiece, thereby turning the cemented carbide workpiece. At this time, the reaction force of the cemented carbide workpiece acts on the first inclined portion, and the reaction force of the cemented carbide workpiece generates a component force along the inclined surface of the first inclined portion, thereby reducing the reaction force of the cemented carbide workpiece directly acting on the blade body, thereby improving the physical and mechanical properties of the blade.

[0008] The present invention provides a first inclined portion on the blade body so that when the blade is turning a cemented carbide workpiece, the reaction force of the workpiece no longer acts directly and vertically on the upper surface of the blade, but is dispersed along the inclined surface of the first inclined portion, thereby reducing the stress on the upper surface of the blade in a single direction, improving the physical and mechanical properties of the blade, and reducing the risk of edge collapse, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength and service life of the blade. The present invention has the advantage of improving its own physical and mechanical properties.

[0009] Preferably, a second inclined portion is provided between the planar portion and the first inclined portion, and an angle α between the second inclined portion and the planar portion is 2 is smaller than the angle α between the first inclined portion and the planar portion 1 .

[0010] The alloy chips are supported by the first beveled surface, so that the alloy chips ground off the blade body are not easily broken. When the alloy chips reach the second beveled surface, the inclination angle of the second beveled surface is smaller than that of the first beveled surface, so that the alloy chips lose the support of the blade body, thereby breaking the alloy chips and facilitating the discharge of the alloy chips from the blade body.

[0011] Preferably, the angle α between the first inclined portion and the planar portion is 1 and the angle α between the second inclined portion and the planar portion 2 It increases with the hardness of the cemented carbide workpiece to be processed.

[0012] The inclination of the bevel of the blade body is adjusted according to the workpiece to be processed under different hardness standards. When the hardness of the workpiece to be processed is higher, the inclination angle of the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion is larger, thereby achieving a balance in two directions between the physical and mechanical properties of the blade body itself and the cutting sharpness angle of the blade.

[0013] Preferably, the radial width X between the boundary between the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion and the cutting edge is 1 0.05-0.11 mm.

[0014] The first inclined portion is the area in direct contact with the workpiece. If the width of this area is greater than 0.11 mm, the contact surface of the entire area will be too large, causing the tool to be too blunt and aggravating edge chipping. If the width of this area is less than 0.05 mm, the supporting performance will be insufficient.

[0015] Preferably, the radial width X between the boundary between the second inclined portion and the planar portion and the cutting edge is 2 It is 0.09-0.19 mm.

[0016] The width X between the boundary between the second inclined portion and the flat portion and the cutting edge 2 Directly affects the width X between the boundary between the first inclined portion and the plane portion and the cutting edge. 1 , if X 2 Too narrow, resulting in X 1 Too narrow; if X 2 If it is too wide, the stability of the blade body and the blade seat will be poor when installed.

[0017] Preferably, the surface roughness of the first inclined portion is ≤0.2 micrometers, and the surface roughness of the second inclined portion is ≥0.4 micrometers.

[0018] Since the edge between the first inclined portion and the circumferential surface of the blade body is the cutting edge, the smoother the first inclined portion is, the fewer defects there are at the microscopic level, and the less likely it is to break (once a defect occurs, the edge will break quickly during use); the surface roughness of the second inclined portion is designed to facilitate direct processing by staff using existing grinding wheels.

[0019] A tool including a blade for processing cemented carbide also includes a blade holder, on which a blade clamp is provided. A blade clamping groove is provided in one end of the blade holder for processing a cemented carbide workpiece, and a clamping end of the blade clamp is directly above the blade clamping groove. After the blade body is placed in the blade clamping groove, it can be assembled through the blade clamp.

[0020] The blade is clamped by a blade fixture, thereby fixing the blade during the processing of the cemented carbide workpiece.

[0021] Preferably, the curvature of the side wall of the blade clamping groove is fixedly matched with the circumferential surface of the blade body, and the angle α between the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove and the horizontal plane of the upper end of the blade seat body is 3 It is 2.6-3.7 degrees.

[0022] Compared with the existing turning or cutting methods of cemented carbide workpieces, if there is edge chipping at the position where the blade contacts the cemented carbide workpiece, the cutting amount of the cemented carbide workpiece is reduced, thereby assisting the operator to identify whether the blade has edge chipping through physical contact, so that the operator can adjust the blade installation angle in time to protect the blade and prevent the blade from continuing to be used for turning, which will immediately cause greater edge chipping.

[0023] Preferably, the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove is circular, and the diameter r of the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter R of the blade body.

[0024] The blade is supported by the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove. Compared with a large-volume blade supporting structure, the blade clamping groove can reduce the impact on the blade during turning or cutting.

[0025] Preferably, the relationship between the diameter r of the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove and the cross-sectional diameter R of the blade body is 0.7R≤r≤0.8R.

[0026] If the diameter r of the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove is too small, it cannot support the entire blade body; if the diameter r of the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove is too large, it affects the turning or cutting of the blade body.

[0027] The present invention can reduce the stress on the upper surface of the blade in a single direction, improve the physical and mechanical properties of the blade, reduce the risk of edge collapse, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength and service life of the blade, and has the advantage of improving its own physical and mechanical properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blade body of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the blade body of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the knife holder of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade body and the blade seat after being assembled in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the knife holder of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 11, blade body; 12, cutting edge; 21, blade seat; 22, blade clamping groove; 23, blade clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below based on the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Embodiment 1 Depend on Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a hard alloy machining insert, including a insert body 11 with a cylindrical structure, the insert body 11 is a CBN insert, one end of the insert body 11 is formed as a cutting edge 12, and the insert body 11 is provided with a first inclined portion, a second inclined portion and a flat portion in sequence from the cutting edge 12 side to the axis side, the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion are gradually inclined downward from the edge of the flat portion toward the cutting edge 12, Figure 2 As shown, the angle α between the second inclined portion and the plane portion 2 smaller than the angle α between the first inclined portion and the planar portion 1 , the angle α between the first inclined portion and the planar portion 1 and the angle α between the second inclined portion and the planar portion 2 It increases with the hardness of the cemented carbide workpiece to be processed.

[0036] The following table 1 lists the hardness of different hard alloy workpieces to be processed and the angle α between the first inclined portion and the plane portion: 1 , the angle α between the second inclined portion and the planar portion 2 Relationship: Table 1 The width X between the boundary between the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion and the cutting edge 12 1 The width X between the boundary between the second inclined portion and the plane portion and the cutting edge 12 is 0.05 mm. 2 It is 0.09 mm.

[0037] The surface roughness of the first inclined portion is ≤0.2 micrometers, and the surface roughness of the second inclined portion is ≥0.4 micrometers.

[0038] Depend on Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, a tool including a blade for processing cemented carbide also includes a tool holder 21, on which a blade fixture 23 is provided. A blade clamping groove 22 is opened at one end of the tool holder 21 for processing a cemented carbide workpiece. The clamping end of the blade fixture 23 is aligned with the upper part of the blade clamping groove 22. The bottom wall of the blade clamping groove 22 is circular. After the blade body 11 is placed in the blade clamping groove 22, it can be assembled through the blade fixture 23. The relationship between the diameter r of the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove 22 and the cross-sectional diameter R of the blade body 11 is 0.7R≤r≤0.8R.

[0039] Depend on Figure 5 As shown, the curvature of the side wall of the blade clamping groove 22 is fixedly matched with the circumferential surface of the blade body 11, and the angle α between the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove 22 and the horizontal plane of the upper end of the blade seat 21 body is 3 It is 3.5 degrees.

[0040] When it is necessary to turn or cut the cemented carbide workpiece, the blade body 11 is installed in the blade clamp groove 22 and fixed by the blade clamp 23. The fixing method between the blade clamp 23 and the blade body 11 is the same as the prior art. At this time, the edge between the first inclined portion of the blade body 11 and the circumferential surface of the blade body 11 serves as the cutting edge 12 and the joint with the cemented carbide workpiece, so that the cemented carbide workpiece is turned or cut. The reaction force of the workpiece acts on the first inclined portion, and the inclined surface of the first inclined portion causes the reaction force of the workpiece to generate a component force along the inclined surface, thereby reducing the reaction force of the cemented carbide workpiece directly acting on the blade body 11, thereby extending the processing cycle required for the blade body 11 to produce edge collapse, thereby improving the overall structural strength and service life of the blade body 11.

[0041] When the blade body 11 is turned or cut for a long time, chipping is inevitable. At this time, due to the inclination angle of the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove 22, the blade body 11 contacts the cemented carbide workpiece in a slightly inclined manner, which will affect the amount of grinding material of the roller ring during feeding, thereby assisting the operator to identify whether the blade has chipped edges through physical contact, so that the operator can adjust the blade installation angle in time to protect the blade and prevent the blade from continuing to be used for turning, which will immediately cause greater chipping.

[0042] The following table 2 lists the statistics of the number of blade bodies 11 with a flat upper end surface and the number of blade bodies 11 processed by this solution: Table 2 .

[0043] Among them, the hardness range of the roller ring is HRA82-82.8, the outer diameter of the roller ring is 214mm, the inner diameter is 118mm, and the height is 74mm. The rough turning of the roller ring to the specifications of the roller ring with an outer diameter of 212.8mm, an inner diameter of 119.2mm, and a height of 72.8mm is recorded as one round of processing.

[0044] Embodiment 2 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the width X between the boundary between the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion and the cutting edge 12 is: 1 The width X between the boundary between the second inclined portion and the plane portion and the cutting edge 12 is 0.11 mm. 2 It is 0.09 mm.

[0045] The following table 3 lists the statistics of the number of blade bodies 11 with a flat upper end surface and the number of blade bodies 11 processed by this solution: Table 3 Among them, the hardness range of the roller ring is HRA82-82.8, the outer diameter of the roller ring is 214mm, the inner diameter is 118mm, and the height is 74mm. The rough turning of the roller ring to the specifications of the roller ring with an outer diameter of 212.8mm, an inner diameter of 119.2mm, and a height of 72.8mm is recorded as one round of processing.

[0046] Embodiment 3 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the width X between the boundary between the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion and the cutting edge 12 is: 1 The width X between the boundary between the second inclined portion and the plane portion and the cutting edge 12 is 0.08 mm. 2 It is 0.09 mm.

[0047] The following table 4 lists the statistics of the number of blade bodies 11 with a flat upper end surface and the number of blade bodies 11 processed by this solution: Table 4 Among them, the hardness range of the roller ring is HRA82-82.8, the outer diameter of the roller ring is 214mm, the inner diameter is 118mm, and the height is 74mm. The rough turning of the roller ring to the specifications of the roller ring with an outer diameter of 212.8mm, an inner diameter of 119.2mm, and a height of 72.8mm is recorded as one round of processing.

Claims

1. A carbide machining insert, comprising a cylindrical insert body, one end of which is formed as a cutting edge, characterized in that: The blade body is provided with a planar portion at the center position of the end surface corresponding to the cutting edge, and a first inclined portion is provided between the edge of the planar portion and the cutting edge. The first inclined portion gradually inclines downward from the edge close to the planar portion toward the cutting edge, and the planar portion protrudes outwardly along the axial direction of the blade body relative to the first inclined portion.

2. A cemented carbide machining insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second inclined portion is provided between the planar portion and the first inclined portion, and an included angle α2 between the second inclined portion and the planar portion is smaller than an included angle α1 between the first inclined portion and the planar portion.

3. A cemented carbide machining insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: The included angle α1 between the first inclined portion and the planar portion and the included angle α2 between the second inclined portion and the planar portion increase as the hardness of the cemented carbide workpiece to be machined increases.

4. A cemented carbide machining insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: A radial width X1 between a boundary between the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion and the cutting edge is 0.05-0.11 mm.

5. The hard alloy machining insert according to claim 4, characterized in that: A radial width X2 between a boundary between the second inclined portion and the planar portion and the cutting edge is 0.09-0.19 mm.

6. The hard alloy machining insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface roughness of the first inclined portion is ≤0.2 micrometers, and the surface roughness of the second inclined portion is ≥0.4 micrometers.

7. A tool comprising a cemented carbide machining insert according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a tool holder, on which a blade clamp is provided. A blade clamping groove is opened in one end of the tool holder for processing a cemented carbide workpiece. The clamping end of the blade clamp is directly above the blade clamping groove. After the blade body is placed in the blade clamping groove, it can be assembled through the blade clamp.

8. A cutting tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The curvature of the side wall of the blade clamping groove is fixedly matched with the circumferential surface of the blade body, and the angle α3 between the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove and the horizontal plane of the upper end of the blade seat body is 2.6-3.7 degrees.

9. A cutting tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the blade clamping groove is circular, and the diameter r of the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter R of the blade body.

10. A cutting tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The relationship between the diameter r of the bottom wall of the blade clamping groove and the cross-sectional diameter R of the blade body is 0.7R≤r≤0.8R.

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