Axial positioning and pressing device for rotary workpiece

Abstract

The invention provides an axial positioning and pressing device for a rotary workpiece. The problems that the clamping stability of an existing thin-wall workpiece is not enough, the thin-wall workpiece is prone to moving in the machining process, and the machining quality is affected are solved. A workpiece is pressed against the rotating disc through fluid sprayed out of the spray head on the fluid pressure disc to complete fixing of the workpiece, the workpiece is installed more stably and cannot deform, and meanwhile overturning torque generated during machining can be resisted under the condition that the height of the radial positioning device installed on the rotating disc is very low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to an axial positioning and clamping device for a rotating workpiece. Background Art

[0002] In mechanical processing, we often encounter the processing of some annular workpieces, especially some annular workpieces. For this annular workpiece, a three-jaw chuck is usually used for clamping, but the jaws of the three-jaw chuck are easy to deform the workpiece when clamping the annular workpiece. Therefore, people began to use suction cups to adsorb the end faces of annular workpieces for processing, but the suction area of ​​the suction cups for many annular workpieces is not enough, that is, the contact area between the suction cups and the end faces of the annular workpieces is small, resulting in a small force area, which makes the clamping stability of the annular workpieces insufficient. The annular workpieces are easy to move during processing, affecting the processing quality. At the same time, when the annular workpiece needs to be processed inside and outside the circle, the height of the clamping or positioning part needs to be reduced to a very low level, otherwise it will interfere with the processing tool grinding wheel. At this time, the workpiece processing will have a large subversion torque, so the existing process is difficult to implement, and there is room for improvement in the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned existing situation, the equipment of the present invention provides an axial positioning and clamping device for a rotating workpiece, which is arranged on a machine tool. A radial positioning device for positioning the workpiece is arranged on the main shaft of the machine tool. The characteristic is that the axial positioning and clamping device includes a rotating disk arranged on the main shaft of the machine tool and perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, and a fluid pressure disk which can be fixedly installed relative to the bed of the machine tool is provided on the bed of the machine tool. The workpiece is located between the above-mentioned rotating disk and the fluid pressure disk, and a certain gap is left between the fluid pressure disk and the workpiece. A plurality of nozzles are provided on the fluid pressure disk, which spray fluid onto the end face of the workpiece so that the workpiece is pressed against the rotating disk.

[0004] Preferably, the fluid pressure disc is provided with a notch for a tool to enter the fluid pressure disc to cut the inside of the workpiece, and the fluid pressure disc is C-shaped.

[0005] Preferably, the nozzles are evenly distributed on the end surface of the fluid pressure disk facing the main shaft.

[0006] Preferably, the fluid pressure disc is mounted on the machine tool via a connecting rod movably arranged on the machine tool, and the position of the fluid pressure disc can be adjusted along the length direction of the main shaft through the connecting rod.

[0007] Preferably, the radial positioning device includes two positioning blocks fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned rotating disk, the positioning blocks abut against the workpiece, and the rotating disk is provided with a pressure block for pressing the workpiece against the above-mentioned positioning blocks, and the positioning block and the pressure block are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating disk is a suction cup, and the radial positioning device includes a plurality of pressing blocks arranged on the periphery of the workpiece.

[0009] Preferably, the pressing block is provided with a pressing surface in contact with the workpiece, and one side of the pressing block is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the pressing block to move.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a guide block fixedly arranged on a rotating disk, a guide rod movably arranged on the guide block, one end of the guide rod is fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned pressure block, a spring is sleeved on the guide rod for driving the above-mentioned pressure block to move away from the guide block, a base is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk, an inclined wedge block is movably arranged on the side of the base facing the workpiece, the above-mentioned pressure block is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the inclined wedge block facing the workpiece, the spring is located above the inclined wedge block and the spring abuts against the inclined wedge block, a certain gap is left between the guide rod and the inclined wedge block, and the machine tool is provided with a push rod for driving the inclined wedge block to move in the direction of the spring.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism is a pneumatic cylinder or an oil cylinder.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, the fluid sprayed from the nozzle on the fluid pressure plate presses the workpiece against the rotating plate to fix the workpiece. The workpiece is installed more stably and will not be deformed. At the same time, the overturning torque generated during processing can be resisted when the radial positioning device installed on the rotating plate is at a very low height. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is the overall structural view of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is the overall structural view of the fluid pressure disc;

[0015] Figure 3 It is the overall structural view on the rotating disk;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 3;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 5.

[0018] Markings in the figure: 1. main shaft; 2. rotating disk; 4. radial positioning device; 5. fluid pressure disk; 6. nozzle; 7. positioning block; 8. pressure block; 9. driving mechanism; 10. guide block; 11. guide rod; 12. spring; 13. connecting rod; 14. pressing surface; 15. base; 16. inclined wedge block; 17. push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Example 1

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a rotating workpiece axial positioning and clamping device is arranged on a machine tool, wherein the spindle 1 is provided with a radial positioning device 4 for positioning the workpiece, and the axial positioning and clamping device comprises a rotating disk 2 arranged on the machine tool spindle 1, a rotating disk 2 axially perpendicular to the spindle 1, and a fluid pressure disk 5 for pressing the workpiece against the rotating disk 2, the workpiece is located between the rotating disk 2 and the fluid pressure disk 5, a certain gap is left between the fluid pressure disk 5 and the workpiece, a plurality of nozzles 6 are fixedly arranged on one end of the fluid pressure disk 5 facing the rotating disk 2, and the fluid pressure disk 5 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 6 for pressing the workpiece against the rotating disk 2 after spraying water, and a plurality of nozzles 6 are fixedly arranged on the fluid pressure disk 5 A notch is provided for the tool to enter the fluid pressure disc 5 to cut the inside of the workpiece. The fluid pressure disc 5 is C-shaped. The nozzles 6 are evenly distributed on the end face of the fluid pressure disc 5 facing the spindle 1. When processing the workpiece, the tool can enter the fluid pressure disc 5 through the notch to process the inside of the workpiece. The fluid pressure disc 5 is installed on the machine tool through a connecting rod 13 movably arranged on the machine tool. The fluid pressure disc 5 can adjust its position along the length direction of the spindle 1 through the connecting rod 13. The distance between the fluid pressure disc 5 and the rotating disc 2 can be conveniently adjusted through the connecting rod 13 for processing different workpieces. The radial positioning device 4 is used to limit the workpiece to be processed in the radial direction. The water flow sprayed by the nozzle 6 on the fluid pressure disc 5 presses the workpiece against the rotating disc 2 to complete the fixation of the workpiece. The workpiece is installed more stably and will not be deformed. At the same time, the subversion torque generated during processing can be resisted when the radial positioning device 4 installed on the rotating disc 2 is at a very low height. When cutting the workpiece, the tool holder can move through the opening on the C-type fluid pressure disk 5 without contacting the fluid pressure disk 5, and the water flow presses the workpiece against the rotating disk 2 while taking away the residues in the processing process. The plane where the nozzle is located is parallel to the end face of the workpiece, and multiple nozzles are located on the same plane. The pressure fluid is ejected from the nozzle and flows out from the gap between the nozzle plane and the end face of the workpiece, while pressing the workpiece against the plane of the rotating disk 2.

[0022] The positioning device includes two positioning blocks 7 fixedly arranged on the rotating disk 2, the positioning blocks 7 abut against the inner wall of the workpiece, and the rotating disk 2 is provided with a pressure block 8 for pressing the workpiece against the positioning blocks 7, and the positioning block 7 and the pressure block 8 are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece. The pressure block 8 is provided with a pressing surface 14 in contact with the workpiece, and one side of the pressure block 8 is provided with a driving mechanism 9 for driving the pressure block 8 to move. The driving mechanism 9 includes a guide block 10 fixedly arranged on the rotating disk 2, and a guide rod 11 is movably arranged on the guide block 10, one end of the guide rod 11 is fixedly arranged on the pressure block 8, and a spring 12 is sleeved on the guide rod 11 for driving the pressure block 8 to move away from the guide block 10. A base 15 is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk 2, and an inclined wedge block 16 is movably arranged on the side of the base 15 facing the workpiece, and the pressure block 8 is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the inclined wedge block 16 facing the workpiece, and the spring 12 is located on the inclined wedge. The guide rod 11 is located above the inclined wedge block 16, and the spring 12 is against the inclined wedge block 16. There is a certain gap between the guide rod 11 and the inclined wedge block 16. The machine tool is provided with a push rod 17 for driving the inclined wedge block 16 to move in the direction of the spring 12. When fixing the workpiece, the spring 12 drives the inclined wedge block 16 to move obliquely along the base 15 and makes the pressure block 8 fixed on the inclined wedge block 16 move in the direction of the workpiece and press the workpiece against the positioning block 7 to complete the fixing of the workpiece. The push rod 17 drives the inclined wedge block 16 to move in the direction of the spring 12 to release the workpiece and then remove the workpiece. The push rod 17 is a cylinder. The three-point positioning of the workpiece is achieved through the two positioning blocks 7 and the pressure block 8, and the workpiece is tightly pressed against the two positioning blocks 7 through the driving mechanism 9, so that the positioning is more stable and the deviation of the workpiece during the processing is avoided.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] The difference from Example 1 is that the rotating disk 2 is a suction disk, and the workpiece is doubly fixed by the suction disk and the fluid pressure disk 5, and the workpiece is fixed in the radial direction by a plurality of pressing blocks 8 surrounding the outer circumference of the workpiece.

[0025] Example 3

[0026] The difference from Embodiment 2 is that the driving mechanism 9 is a pneumatic cylinder or an oil cylinder.

[0027] Example 4

[0028] The difference from the first embodiment is that two pressing blocks 8 are provided, and the pressing blocks 8 are arranged opposite to the positioning blocks 7 .

[0029] Example 5

[0030] The difference from Example 1 is that the positioning block 7 is arranged outside the workpiece, and the pressing block 8 is located inside the workpiece, and the positioning and fixing of the workpiece is achieved by the outer wall of the workpiece abutting against the positioning block 7.

[0031] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rotating workpiece axial positioning and clamping device, arranged on a machine tool, wherein a radial positioning device (4) for positioning the workpiece is arranged on the machine tool spindle (1), characterized in that: The axial positioning device comprises a rotating disk (2) arranged on a machine tool spindle (1) and perpendicular to the axis of the spindle (1); a fluid pressure disk (5) which can be fixedly mounted relative to the machine tool bed is arranged on the machine tool bed; a workpiece is located between the rotating disk (2) and the fluid pressure disk (5); a certain gap is left between the fluid pressure disk (5) and the workpiece; a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the fluid pressure disk (5) to spray fluid onto the end face of the workpiece so that the workpiece is pressed against the rotating disk (2).

2. The axial positioning and clamping device for a rotating workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid pressure disc (5) is provided with a notch for a tool to enter the fluid pressure disc (5) to cut the inside of a workpiece, and the fluid pressure disc (5) is C-shaped.

3. The axial positioning and clamping device for a rotating workpiece according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nozzles (6) are evenly distributed on the end surface of the fluid pressure disc (5) facing the main shaft (1).

4. The axial positioning and clamping device for a rotating workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid pressure disc (5) is mounted on the machine tool via a connecting rod (13) movably arranged on the machine tool, and the position of the fluid pressure disc (5) can be adjusted along the length direction of the main shaft (1) via the connecting rod (13).

5. The axial positioning and clamping device for a rotating workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial positioning device (4) comprises two positioning blocks (7) fixedly arranged on the rotating disk (2), the positioning blocks (7) being pressed against the workpiece, and a pressing block (8) for pressing the workpiece against the positioning blocks (7) being arranged on the rotating disk (2), the positioning block (7) and the pressing block (8) being respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece.

6. The axial positioning and clamping device for a rotating workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating disk (2) is a suction disk, and the radial positioning device (4) comprises a plurality of pressing blocks (8) arranged on the outer periphery of the workpiece.

7. A rotating workpiece axial positioning and clamping device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The pressing block (8) is provided with a pressing surface (14) in contact with the workpiece, and one side of the pressing block (8) is provided with a driving mechanism (9) for driving the pressing block (8) to move.

8. The axial positioning and clamping device for a rotating workpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (9) comprises a guide block (10) fixedly arranged on the rotating disk (2), a guide rod (11) movably arranged on the guide block (10), one end of the guide rod (11) being fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned pressure block (8), a spring (12) being sleeved on the guide rod (11) for driving the above-mentioned pressure block (8) to move in a direction away from the guide block (10), a base (15) being fixedly arranged on the rotating disk (2), an inclined wedge block (16) being movably arranged on the side of the base (15) facing the workpiece, the above-mentioned pressure block (8) being fixedly arranged on the end surface of the inclined wedge block (16) facing the workpiece, the spring (12) being located above the inclined wedge block (16) and abutting against the inclined wedge block (16), a certain gap being left between the guide rod (11) and the inclined wedge block (16), and a push rod (17) being arranged on the machine tool for driving the inclined wedge block (16) to move in the direction of the spring (12).

9. The axial positioning and clamping device for a rotating workpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (9) is a gas cylinder or an oil cylinder.

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