Method for protecting detector by using optical measurement assembly

Abstract

The invention provides a method for protecting a detector by using an optical measurement component, which comprises the following specific steps of: setting a sunlight gray threshold and an included angle threshold between sunlight and the detector, and when the sunlight gray in a field of view collected by the detector on a satellite is greater than or equal to the sunlight gray threshold, starting the detector; when the included angle between the sunlight and the detector is smaller than the threshold value of the included angle between the sunlight and the detector, the satellite is controlled to enter a sun protection process; storing the current detector configuration parameters and the working state information of a refrigerator arranged on the detector; the detector and the refrigerator are powered off, the target temperature of the refrigerator is reset, and the refrigerator is restarted; charging the satellite; when the current included angle between the sunlight and the detector is larger than or equal to the threshold value of the included angle between the sunlight and the detector, the satellite is controlled to exit the sun protection process, the detector is restarted, and the configuration parameters of the detector and the working state information of the refrigerator are recovered according to the stored information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a method for protecting a detector by utilizing an optical measurement component. Background Art

[0002] Optical measurement components are high-precision inertial attitude measurement components that are widely used in various earth-orbiting satellites and deep space exploration applications. With the continuous advancement of technology, the performance and functions of optical measurement components have been upgraded several times, and they can provide timely and accurate spatial orientation and attitude information for on-orbit spacecraft, becoming one of the necessary components for the normal operation of satellites. Therefore, the production of safe and reliable optical measurement components is of great significance for on-orbit satellites to complete various established tasks.

[0003] However, due to the complex and ever-changing characteristics of the space environment, the reliability and safety of optical measurement components face many challenges. In order to obtain energy to ensure the normal operation of satellites and their components, satellites in orbit need to regularly use solar panels to receive solar energy, and the detector lens will inevitably be directly exposed to the sun, which puts the detector at great risk of safety and reliability. Therefore, a protection method is needed to protect the detector from direct sunlight in a timely manner, thereby improving the reliability and safety of optical measurement components. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement component, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the optical measurement component during on-orbit operation and preventing the detector from being damaged by direct sunlight when the satellite is charged by solar energy.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement assembly, wherein a detector protection device is used to prevent the detector on a satellite from being directly exposed to the sun, and the protection device includes: a cooler arranged on the detector; the protection method specifically includes:

[0006] Step 1, setting the sunlight grayscale threshold and the angle threshold between sunlight and the detector. When the sunlight grayscale in the detector's field of view is greater than or equal to the sunlight grayscale threshold, and the angle between sunlight and the detector is less than the angle threshold between sunlight and the detector, the satellite is controlled to enter the solar protection process.

[0007] Step 2, save the current detector configuration parameters and refrigerator working status information;

[0008] Step 3, power off the detector and refrigerator, reset the protection target temperature of the refrigerator, and restart the refrigerator to control the temperature of the detector;

[0009] Step 4, charging the satellite;

[0010] Step 5, when the satellite is in a state where the current angle between sunlight and the detector is greater than or equal to the threshold of the angle between sunlight and the detector, the satellite is controlled to exit the solar protection process, restart the detector, and restore the configuration parameters of the detector and the working status information of the cooler according to the information stored in step 2.

[0011] Optionally, the protection device is arranged on the satellite and is connected to the ground workstation signal; the protection device further comprises:

[0012] The optical measurement component is connected to the detector and the cooler signal respectively, receives and processes the star map information transmitted by the detector, and controls the opening and closing of the detector;

[0013] The telemetry data packet is connected to the optical measurement component signal and the ground workbench respectively, and stores the working status of the detector and the star map information collected by it, the status of the refrigerator and the temperature data collected by the detector, and the satellite charging status, and sends the temperature data, star map information, and satellite charging status to the ground workbench, and receives the instructions of the ground workbench at the same time, so as to realize real-time communication with the ground workbench;

[0014] The solar panels are installed on the outside of the satellite and connected to the optical measurement component signals to collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy to charge the satellite.

[0015] Optionally, the refrigerator is connected to the optical measurement group and can cool the detector; the refrigerator includes:

[0016] A semiconductor refrigerator is arranged on the detector to cool the detector;

[0017] A temperature sensor is connected to the optical measurement component and the detector signal respectively, detects the real-time temperature of the detector, and sends the temperature data of the detector to the optical measurement component;

[0018] The sampler is respectively connected with the optical measurement component and the semiconductor refrigerator signal to obtain the cooling information of the semiconductor refrigerator and generate a current collection signal.

[0019] Optionally, the optical measurement component comprises:

[0020] The digital control module is connected to the temperature sensor and the telemetry data packet signal respectively, receives the temperature data of the detector, and calculates and processes the temperature data to generate a control command; at the same time, it can send the temperature data to the telemetry data packet;

[0021] The signal transmission module is respectively connected with the semiconductor refrigerator and the digital control module by signal, receives the control command generated by the digital control module, and converts the control command into a control signal and sends it to the semiconductor refrigerator;

[0022] The current protection module is respectively connected with the signal transmission module and the sampler signal in the refrigerator, and is used to determine whether the current collection signal of the sampler in the refrigerator is normal.

[0023] Optionally, the method of judging whether the current acquisition signal of the sampler in the refrigerator is normal by the current protection module includes:

[0024] When the current protection module detects that the electric current signal is abnormal, the current protection module stops sending the control signal to the semiconductor refrigerator through the signal transmission module, thereby causing the refrigerator to lose power supply;

[0025] When the current protection module detects that the current acquisition signal is normal, the current protection module sends a control signal to the semiconductor refrigerator through the signal transmission module to drive the semiconductor refrigerator to work. At the same time, the temperature sensor transmits the temperature data of the detector to the digital control module, and the digital control module records the temperature data of the detector and uses the temperature data as input data for calculation and processing, thereby generating a control command. The signal transmission module then converts the control command into a control signal and transmits it to the semiconductor refrigerator again.

[0026] Optionally, the refrigerator is connected to the optical measurement component via a data converter, and the data converter includes:

[0027] A first analog-to-digital converter is disposed between the temperature sensor of the refrigerator and the digital control module of the optical measurement assembly, and converts the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor from an analog signal to a digital signal;

[0028] A second analog-to-digital converter is disposed between the sampler in the refrigerator and the current protection module of the optical measurement assembly to convert the current acquisition signal from an analog signal to a digital signal;

[0029] The driving circuit is arranged between the semiconductor refrigerator and the signal transmission module of the optical measurement component, and transmits the control signal of the signal transmission module to the semiconductor refrigerator.

[0030] Optionally, in step 3, the method of restarting the refrigerator to control the detector includes:

[0031] The temperature sensor in the refrigerator detects the housing temperature of the detector and transmits the temperature data to the digital control module of the optical measurement component through an analog-to-digital converter;

[0032] The digital control module compares the temperature data with the protection target temperature. When the temperature data is less than or equal to the protection target temperature, no control signal is generated, so that the semiconductor refrigerator is powered off.

[0033] When the temperature data is higher than the protection target temperature, a control signal is generated and transmitted to the signal transmission module of the optical measurement component; the signal transmission module sends the control signal to the semiconductor refrigerator through the drive circuit to drive the semiconductor refrigerator to work.

[0034] Optionally, in step 3, the protection target temperature is lower than 0°C, and its fluctuation range is ±1°C.

[0035] Optionally, in step 4, the satellite is charged by using solar panels; the optical measurement component calculates the charging status of the satellite, which can be expressed as:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, U1 is the current voltage of the solar panel, and U2 is the rated voltage set by the satellite;

[0038] When the SOC is 100%, it indicates that the satellite has completed charging; and the optical measurement component sends the satellite charging status to the ground station through the telemetry data packet and sends a full charge instruction to the ground station.

[0039] Optionally, in step 1, the optical measurement component calculates the satellite's attitude information based on the angle between sunlight and the detector, and sends the current satellite's attitude information to the ground workstation via a telemetry data packet; and in step 5, the satellite's current attitude is calculated based on the satellite attitude information and the satellite orbit, and when the satellite's attitude meets the conditions for exiting the solar protection process, the ground workstation sends an exit solar protection process instruction to the optical measurement component via a telemetry data packet.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0041] The present invention causes an optical measurement component to enter a solar protection process when the sun shines directly on the detector, and cuts off power to the detector after saving the current working states of the detector and the refrigerator, so that the optical measurement component can recall the stored data after exiting the solar protection process and recover to a normal working state as soon as possible. The detector is protected from damage by direct sunlight by shutting down the detector, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the optical measurement component during on-orbit operation. The refrigerator is shut down and reopened, and the control temperature of the refrigerator is reset, thereby preventing the surface temperature of the detector from being too high due to direct sunlight. At the same time, when the sun shines directly, the satellite is charged, so that the satellite can make full use of the orbital position to quickly complete charging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the protection device of the detector described in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of signal transmission between the optical measurement component and the refrigerator in the detector protection device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement component according to the present invention.

[0045] In the figure, 1-satellite, 2-optical measurement component, 21-digital control module, 22-signal transmission module, 23-current protection module, 3-detector, 4-cooler, 41-semiconductor cooler, 42-temperature sensor, 43-sampler, 5-solar panel, 6-telemetry data packet, 7-data converter, 71-driving circuit, 72-first analog-to-digital converter, 73-second analog-to-digital converter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the detector protection device of the present invention is arranged on the satellite 1, so that when the satellite 1 is charged by the solar panel 5, the detector 3 on the satellite 1 is prevented from being directly exposed to the sun.

[0050] The detector 3 can complete the operations of detector initialization and SPI configuration, exposure time control, detector training and synchronization, detector reset, etc., and collect the target signal sent by the target object to obtain star map information; at the same time, it can obtain the current sunlight grayscale according to the image in the field of view, and then judge the sunlight intensity.

[0051] The protection device includes: an optical measurement component 2, a solar panel 5, a refrigerator 4, and a telemetry data packet 6. The optical measurement component 2 is connected to the detector 3 by signal, and can receive and process the star map information transmitted by the detector 3, and control the opening and closing of the detector 3. The solar panel 5 is arranged on the outside of the satellite 1 and is connected to the optical measurement component 2 by signal, and can collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy to charge the satellite 1; at the same time, it can send the satellite charging status to the optical measurement component 2. The refrigerator 4 is arranged on the detector 3 and is connected to the optical measurement component 2 and the detector 3 by signal respectively, and can cool the detector 3 to prevent the detector 3 from being overheated and affecting its operation; and collects the outer shell temperature of the detector 3, and sends the temperature data of the detector 3 to the optical measurement component 2 through the data converter 7 connected to the refrigerator 4 and the optical measurement component 2 by signal respectively; at the same time, the refrigerator 4 can also receive the control signal sent by the optical measurement component 2 to control the opening and closing of the refrigerator 4. The telemetry data packet 6 is respectively connected to the optical measurement component 2 and the ground workstation signal, and is used to store the detector status word (normal or abnormal state of the detector) and the star map information collected by it, the refrigerator status word (i.e., the on / off state of the refrigerator 4) and the temperature data of the detector 3 collected by it, and the satellite charging status, and sends the temperature data, star map information, and satellite charging status to the ground workstation, and at the same time receives the instructions of the ground workstation to realize real-time communication with the ground workstation.

[0052] Further, if Figure 2 As shown, the refrigerator 4 includes: a semiconductor refrigerator 41, a temperature sensor 42, and a sampler 43. The semiconductor refrigerator 41 is arranged on the detector 3 and can cool the detector 3; the temperature sensor 42 is respectively connected to the optical measurement component 2 and the detector 3 by signal, can detect the real-time temperature of the detector 3, and send the temperature data of the detector 3 to the optical measurement component 2; the sampler 43 is respectively connected to the optical measurement component 2 and the semiconductor refrigerator 41 by signal, can obtain the cooling information of the semiconductor refrigerator 41, and generate a current acquisition signal to send to the optical measurement component 2, so as to reflect the working state (normal or abnormal) of the semiconductor refrigerator 41 in real time.

[0053] The optical measurement component 2 includes: a digital control module (PID) 21, a signal transmission module 22, and a current protection module 23. The digital control module 21 is respectively connected to the temperature sensor 42 and the telemetry data packet 6 by signal, and can receive the temperature data of the detector 3, and calculate and process the temperature data to generate a control command; at the same time, the temperature data can be sent to the telemetry data packet 6. The signal transmission module 22 is respectively connected to the digital control module 21 and the semiconductor refrigerator 41 by signal, and can receive the control command generated by the digital control module 21, and convert the control command into a current signal, and then send a control signal in the form of a current signal to the semiconductor refrigerator 41 to control the switch operation of the semiconductor refrigerator 41; the current signal is generally a pulse signal (PWM signal). The current protection module 23 is respectively connected to the signal transmission module 22 and the sampler 43 in the refrigerator 4 by signal, and is used to determine whether the current acquisition signal of the sampler 43 in the refrigerator 4 is normal. When the current protection module 23 detects that the current acquisition signal is abnormal, it stops sending control signals to the semiconductor refrigerator 41 through the signal transmission module 22, thereby causing the refrigerator 4 to lose power supply; when the current protection module 23 detects that the current acquisition signal is normal, it sends a control signal to the semiconductor refrigerator 41 through the signal transmission module 22 to drive the semiconductor refrigerator 41 to work, and at the same time, the temperature sensor 42 transmits the temperature data of the detector 3 to the digital control module 21, and the digital control module 21 records the temperature data of the detector 3, and uses the temperature data as input data for calculation and processing, thereby generating a control command, and then the signal transmission module 22 converts the control command into a control signal, and transmits it to the semiconductor refrigerator 41 again.

[0054] The data converter 7 includes: a first analog-to-digital converter 72, a second analog-to-digital converter 73, and a driving circuit 71. The first analog-to-digital (A / D) converter 72 is arranged between the temperature sensor 42 of the refrigerator 4 and the digital control module 21 of the optical measurement component 2, and converts the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor 42 from an analog signal to a digital signal; the second analog-to-digital converter 73 is arranged between the sampler 43 in the refrigerator 4 and the current protection module 23 of the optical measurement component 2, and can convert the current collection signal from an analog signal to a digital signal. The driving circuit 71 is arranged between the semiconductor refrigerator 41 and the signal transmission module 22 of the optical measurement component 2, and can transmit the control signal of the signal transmission module 22 to the semiconductor refrigerator 41, and provide current to the semiconductor refrigerator 41 to control its normal operation.

[0055] The star map information is collected by the detector 3 and sent to the optical measurement component 2, and then transmitted to the telemetry data package 6 for storage; and the telemetry data package 6 transmits the star map information to the ground workbench. When the satellite 1 orbits to an orbital position where the sun is gray and directly illuminated, the solar panels 5 can be used to charge the satellite 1. In order to prevent the detector 3 from being damaged by direct sunlight during the charging process of the satellite 1, the optical measurement component 2 enters the solar protection process, and the detector 3 is turned off, and the control temperature of the detector 3 by the refrigerator 4 is reset to ensure that the detector 3 is not damaged.

[0056] At this time, the temperature sensor 42 in the refrigerator 4 collects the shell temperature of the detector 3 and sends it to the digital control module 21 in the optical measurement component 2 through the first analog-to-digital converter 72. The digital control module 21 determines whether the detector 3 needs to be cooled, and generates a control command, which is transmitted to the signal transmission module 22; the signal transmission module 22 converts the control command into a control signal in the form of a current signal, and controls the semiconductor refrigerator 41 to cool the detector 3; and the sampler 43 in the refrigerator 4 collects the working state information of the semiconductor refrigerator 41, and sends it to the current protection module 23 of the optical measurement component 2 through the analog-to-digital converter to prevent the semiconductor refrigerator 41 from working abnormally and causing damage to the detector 3. At the same time, the digital control module 21 of the optical measurement component 2 sends the received temperature data to the ground workbench through the telemetry data packet 6, so that the ground workbench obtains the shell temperature data of the detector 3 in real time. At this time, the solar panel 5 is used to complete the charging of the satellite 1, and a full charge instruction is sent to the ground workbench when the satellite 1 is fully charged.

[0057] The temperature control process of the detector 3 is repeated until the satellite 1 moves to an orbital position where the sun is not directly shining and the grayscale of the sunlight is low, which will not cause damage to the detector 3 and is not conducive to charging the satellite 1. At this time, the optical measurement component 2 is controlled by the ground workbench to exit the solar protection process.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the specific steps of the detector protection method of the optical measurement assembly of the present invention are as follows:

[0059] Step 1, setting the sunlight grayscale threshold and the angle threshold between sunlight and the detector, and controlling the optical measurement component 2 to enter the solar protection process.

[0060] The sunlight grayscale threshold and the angle threshold between sunlight and the detector are set according to the requirements, wherein the sunlight grayscale can reflect the brightness of sunlight. When the sunlight grayscale collected by the detector 3 in the field of view is greater than or equal to the sunlight grayscale threshold and the angle between sunlight and the detector is less than the angle threshold between sunlight and the detector, the optical measurement component 2 will calculate the attitude information of the satellite 1 (including the position information of the satellite 1) according to the angle between sunlight and the detector, and send the attitude information of the current satellite 1 to the ground workstation through the telemetry data packet 6; after the ground workstation receives the attitude information of the satellite 1, it will again send the instruction to start the solar protection mode to the optical measurement component 2 through the telemetry data packet 6 to control the optical measurement component 2 to enter the solar protection process.

[0061] Step 2: Save the detector configuration parameters and the cooler working status.

[0062] When the optical measurement component 2 enters the solar protection process, the detector 3 will save the current configuration parameters and the working status information of the refrigerator 4 to the telemetry data packet 6 through the optical measurement component 2 for subsequent use when the optical measurement component 2 exits the solar protection mode.

[0063] The configuration data of the detector 3 includes: exposure time, PGA high gain, PGA low gain, ADC gain, high gain black, low gain black; the working status information of the refrigerator 4 includes: the normal working target temperature of the refrigerator 4.

[0064] Step 3: Power off the detector and the refrigerator, reconfigure the working status information of the refrigerator, and control the temperature of the detector.

[0065] After the configuration parameters of the detector 3 are saved, the optical measurement component 2 powers off the detector 3. At this time, the detector 3 will not be able to send star map information to the optical measurement component 2 and the telemetry data packet 6. Therefore, the detector status word stored in the telemetry data packet 6 will change from a normal state to an abnormal state, that is, the detector status word changes from 0 to 1; and because the detector 3 cannot complete the initialization and SPI configuration, exposure and data training processes, the functions related to the normal operation of the optical measurement component 2 and the detector 3 are also unavailable.

[0066] After the working status information of the refrigerator 4 is saved, the refrigerator 4 is powered off and the protection target temperature of the refrigerator 4 is reset so that the refrigerator 4 can protect the detector 3 in the solar protection process; wherein, the protection target temperature is lower than 0°C and the allowable temperature fluctuation range is ±1°C.

[0067] Restart the refrigerator 4, the temperature sensor 42 in the refrigerator 4 detects the shell temperature of the detector 3, and transmits the temperature data to the digital control module 21 of the optical measurement component 2 through the analog-to-digital converter; the digital control module 21 compares the temperature data with the protection target temperature, and when the temperature data is less than or equal to the protection target temperature, no control signal is generated, so that the semiconductor refrigerator 41 is powered off; when the temperature data is higher than the protection target temperature, a control signal is generated and transmitted to the signal transmission module 22 of the optical measurement component 2; the signal transmission module 22 sends the control signal to the semiconductor refrigerator 41 through the drive circuit 71 to drive the semiconductor refrigerator 41 to work. At the same time, after receiving the temperature data, the digital control module 21 sends the temperature data to the telemetry data packet 6 for storage, and then sends it to the ground workbench; and the refrigerator status word in the telemetry data packet 6 is changed from the closed state (FFH) to the open state (AAH).

[0068] Step 4: Use solar panels to charge the satellite.

[0069] When the sunlight grayscale exceeds the set sunlight grayscale threshold, it indicates that the sunlight brightness is relatively large, and the detector 3 is in a power-off state and cannot complete the star map information collection, so the satellite 1 can be charged.

[0070] The optical measurement component 2 calculates the charging status of the satellite 1 using formula 1. When the SOC is 100%, it indicates that the satellite 1 has completed charging. At this time, the optical measurement component 2 sends the satellite charging status to the ground workstation through the telemetry data packet 6 and sends a full charge instruction to the ground workstation.

[0071]

[0072] Wherein, U1 is the current voltage of the solar panel 5 , and U2 is the rated voltage set by the satellite 1 .

[0073] Step 5, controlling the optical measurement component to exit the sun protection process.

[0074] The ground control console calculates the current attitude of satellite 1 according to the attitude information of satellite 1 and the satellite orbit in step 1, and determines whether the optical measurement component 2 can exit the solar protection process.

[0075] When the angle between the sunlight and the detector is greater than or equal to the threshold value of the angle between the sunlight and the detector when the satellite 1 is in the current attitude, the ground workbench sends an exit solar protection process instruction to the optical measurement component 2 through the telemetry data packet 6; at this time, the detector status word in the telemetry data packet 6 changes from 1 to 0, indicating that the detector 3 changes from an abnormal state to a normal state; at the same time, the optical measurement component 2 controls the detector 3 to power on again. After the detector 3 restarts, the initialization, SPI configuration, exposure and data training processes are completed, and the optical measurement component 2 retrieves the detector configuration parameters stored in the telemetry data packet 6 in step 2 for the configuration of the detector 3 and re-collects the star map information. The refrigerator 4 is turned off again to restore the working status information of the refrigerator 4 to the target temperature for normal operation, and the temperature measurement component controls the refrigerator 4 to control the temperature of the detector 3.

[0076] In summary, the present invention causes the optical measurement component to enter a solar protection process when the sun directly shines on the detector, and cuts off the power of the detector and the refrigerator after saving their current working states, so that the optical measurement component can resume normal working state as soon as possible after exiting the solar protection process; reopens the refrigerator and sets the control temperature of the refrigerator, charges the satellite, and enables the satellite to use its orbital position to charge quickly and protect the detector from damage by direct sunlight, which is beneficial to improving the safety and reliability of the optical measurement component during on-orbit operation.

[0077] Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. After reading the above content, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will occur. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement component, characterized in that: A detector protection device is used to prevent the detector on the satellite from being directly exposed to the sun, and the protection device includes: a refrigerator arranged on the detector; the protection method specifically includes: Step 1, setting the sunlight grayscale threshold and the angle threshold between sunlight and the detector. When the sunlight grayscale in the detector's field of view is greater than or equal to the sunlight grayscale threshold, and the angle between sunlight and the detector is less than the angle threshold between sunlight and the detector, the satellite is controlled to enter the solar protection process. Step 2, saving the current detector configuration parameters and refrigerator working status information; Step 3, power off the detector and the refrigerator, reset the protection target temperature of the refrigerator, and restart the refrigerator to control the temperature of the detector; Step 4, charging the satellite; Step 5, when the satellite is in a state where the current angle between sunlight and the detector is greater than or equal to the threshold of the angle between sunlight and the detector, the satellite is controlled to exit the solar protection process, restart the detector, and restore the configuration parameters of the detector and the working status information of the cooler according to the information stored in step 2.

2. The method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection device is arranged on the satellite and is connected to the ground workstation signal; the protection device also includes: The optical measurement component is connected to the detector and the cooler signal respectively, receives and processes the star map information transmitted by the detector, and controls the opening and closing of the detector; The telemetry data packet is connected to the optical measurement component signal and the ground workbench respectively, and stores the working status of the detector and the star map information collected by it, the status of the refrigerator and the temperature data collected by the detector, and the satellite charging status, and sends the temperature data, star map information, and satellite charging status to the ground workbench, and receives the instructions of the ground workbench at the same time, so as to realize real-time communication with the ground workbench; The solar panels are installed on the outside of the satellite and connected to the optical measurement component signals to collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy to charge the satellite.

3. The method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refrigerator is connected to the optical measurement group and can cool the detector; the refrigerator includes: A semiconductor refrigerator is arranged on the detector to cool the detector; A temperature sensor is connected to the optical measurement component and the detector signal respectively, detects the real-time temperature of the detector, and sends the temperature data of the detector to the optical measurement component; The sampler is respectively connected with the optical measurement component and the semiconductor refrigerator signal to obtain the cooling information of the semiconductor refrigerator and generate a current collection signal.

4. The method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical measurement assembly comprises: The digital control module is connected to the temperature sensor and the telemetry data packet signal respectively, receives the temperature data of the detector, and calculates and processes the temperature data to generate a control command; at the same time, it can send the temperature data to the telemetry data packet; The signal transmission module is respectively connected with the semiconductor refrigerator and the digital control module by signal, receives the control command generated by the digital control module, and converts the control command into a control signal and sends it to the semiconductor refrigerator; The current protection module is respectively connected with the signal transmission module and the sampler signal in the refrigerator, and is used to determine whether the current collection signal of the sampler in the refrigerator is normal.

5. The method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for judging whether the current acquisition signal of the sampler in the refrigerator is normal by the current protection module includes: When the current protection module detects that the electric current signal is abnormal, the current protection module stops sending the control signal to the semiconductor refrigerator through the signal transmission module, thereby causing the refrigerator to lose power supply; When the current protection module detects that the current acquisition signal is normal, the current protection module sends a control signal to the semiconductor refrigerator through the signal transmission module to drive the semiconductor refrigerator to work. At the same time, the temperature sensor transmits the temperature data of the detector to the digital control module, and the digital control module records the temperature data of the detector and uses the temperature data as input data for calculation and processing, thereby generating a control command. The signal transmission module then converts the control command into a control signal and transmits it to the semiconductor refrigerator again.

6. The method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The refrigerator is connected to the optical measurement component via a data converter, and the data converter includes: A first analog-to-digital converter is disposed between the temperature sensor of the refrigerator and the digital control module of the optical measurement assembly, and converts the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor from an analog signal to a digital signal; A second analog-to-digital converter is disposed between the sampler in the refrigerator and the current protection module of the optical measurement assembly to convert the current acquisition signal from an analog signal to a digital signal; The driving circuit is arranged between the semiconductor refrigerator and the signal transmission module of the optical measurement component, and transmits the control signal of the signal transmission module to the semiconductor refrigerator.

7. The method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3, the method of restarting the refrigerator to control the detector includes: The temperature sensor in the refrigerator detects the housing temperature of the detector and transmits the temperature data to the digital control module of the optical measurement component through an analog-to-digital converter; The digital control module compares the temperature data with the protection target temperature. When the temperature data is less than or equal to the protection target temperature, no control signal is generated, so that the semiconductor refrigerator is powered off. When the temperature data is higher than the protection target temperature, a control signal is generated and transmitted to the signal transmission module of the optical measurement component; the signal transmission module sends the control signal to the semiconductor refrigerator through the drive circuit to drive the semiconductor refrigerator to work.

8. The method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3, the protection target temperature is lower than 0°C, and its fluctuation range is ±1°C.

9. The method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 4, the satellite is charged by using solar panels; the optical measurement component calculates the charging status of the satellite, which can be expressed as: In the formula, U1 is the current voltage of the solar panel, and U2 is the rated voltage set by the satellite; When the SOC is 100%, it indicates that the satellite has completed charging; and the optical measurement component sends the satellite charging status to the ground station through a telemetry data packet and sends a full charge instruction to the ground station.

10. The method for protecting a detector using an optical measurement component according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the optical measurement component calculates the attitude information of the satellite according to the angle between the sunlight and the detector, and sends the attitude information of the current satellite to the ground workstation through a telemetry data packet; In step 5, the current attitude of the satellite is calculated based on the satellite attitude information and the satellite orbit, and when the attitude of the satellite meets the conditions for exiting the solar protection process, the ground workbench sends an exit solar protection process instruction to the optical measurement component through a telemetry data packet.

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