Multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism and rocket recovery supporting leg device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace, and provides a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism and a rocket recovery landing leg device.The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism comprises a plurality of barrels which are arranged in a sliding and sleeving mode from inside to outside; the outermost cylinder is connected with an end cover, and the end cover is provided with an unfolding inflation hole; in every two adjacent barrels, a vent hole is formed in the end, away from the end cover, of the outer barrel, a locking groove is formed in the inner wall of the outer barrel, and a locking component is arranged at the end, close to the end cover, of the inner barrel. The locking component is switched from the locking state to the unlocking state through the vent hole of the outermost cylinder, the inner cylinder can slide to contract, and when the two adjacent cylinders are in the contraction state, the vent holes of the two adjacent cylinders communicate with each other, so that the locking state of the locking component is changed, and the service life of the locking component is prolonged. The corresponding locking grooves are unlocked by all the locking parts by means of the vent holes of the outermost cylinder body; the extension of the multi-stage barrel body is realized by unfolding the inflation hole, so that the extension and retraction of the multi-stage barrel body can be realized through the vent hole in the outermost barrel body and the unfolding inflation hole, and the design complexity of an air path is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism and a rocket recovery leg device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of aerospace technology, the reusability of launch vehicles has become one of the key factors in reducing costs and improving efficiency. As an important means to achieve rocket reuse, vertical recovery technology has received widespread attention in recent years. At present, vertical recovery of launch vehicles is achieved by setting up structures such as telescopic legs and aerodynamic covers. During the flight of the launch vehicle, the telescopic legs are in a retracted state, located inside the aerodynamic cover and close to the surface of the rocket body. Before the launch vehicle lands vertically on the ground, the telescopic legs need to be extended and locked, and at the same time withstand the impact of the rocket body landing.

[0003] In the prior art, different gas sources are used for the extension and unlocking of the telescopic legs, which makes the gas circuit structure more complicated and the overall structure more complicated, resulting in poor operability during the maintenance process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism and a rocket recovery leg device, which are used to solve the defect of the relatively complex gas path structure in the prior art, reduce the complexity of the gas path, and thus reduce the difficulty of assembly and maintenance.

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism, comprising a multi-stage sleeve, wherein the multi-stage sleeve comprises a plurality of cylinders which are sequentially slidably sleeved from the inside to the outside; an end cap is connected to the first end of the outermost cylinder, and the end cap is provided with an expansion and inflation hole; Among the two adjacent cylinders, an end of the outer cylinder away from the end cover is provided with a vent hole, an inner wall of the outer cylinder away from the end cover is provided with a locking groove, and an end of the inner cylinder close to the end cover is provided with a locking component, the locking component has a locked state and an unlocked state, and an air inlet cavity connected to the vent hole is surrounded by the locking component, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; When the multi-stage sleeve is in an extended state, two adjacent cylinders are unfolded, and the locking component is locked in the corresponding locking groove, and the locking component is in a locked state; air is ventilated into the air inlet cavity through the air vent of the outermost cylinder to allow the locking component to release the lock on the locking groove, and the locking component is in an unlocked state, and the inner cylinder slides to contract, and when the two adjacent cylinders are in a contracted state, the air vents of the two adjacent cylinders are connected.

[0006] According to a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention, the locking component comprises: A locking sleeve connected to one end of the inner cylinder close to the end cover; A locking member, partially passing through the lock sleeve; A sliding member, slidably disposed on a side of the lock sleeve away from the end cover, wherein the air inlet cavity is surrounded by the sliding member, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the sliding member is provided with a receiving groove; In the locked state, one end of the locking member is clamped in the locking groove, and the sliding member is pressed against the other end of the locking member; in the unlocked state, one end of the locking member is against the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the other end of the locking member is located in the receiving groove.

[0007] According to a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention, an elastic member is arranged between the lock sleeve and the sliding member, the elastic member has a first compression state and a second compression state, and the deformation amount of the first compression state is smaller than that of the second compression state; the outer wall of the inner cylinder has a first limit portion; In the locked state, the sliding member abuts against the first limiting portion, and the elastic member is in a first compressed state; in the unlocked state, the sliding member is away from the first limiting portion, and the elastic member is in a second compressed state.

[0008] According to a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention, a guide piece is provided between the lock sleeve and the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and / or, The lock sleeve is provided with a plurality of mounting holes in a radial direction, the plurality of mounting holes are arranged in a circumferential direction, and the locking member is provided in the mounting holes.

[0009] According to a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention, the inner side of the locking member has a first locking portion, the side surface of the first locking portion is a first wedge-shaped surface, the receiving groove has a first guiding inclined surface matching the first wedge-shaped surface, and / or, The outer side of the locking piece has a second locking portion, the side surface of the second locking portion is a second wedge-shaped surface, and the locking groove has a second guiding inclined surface matched with the second wedge-shaped surface.

[0010] According to a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention, the first locking portion is in a truncated cone shape or a prism shape; the second locking portion is in a prism shape or a truncated cone shape.

[0011] According to a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention, a sealing member is provided at least one of between the sliding member and the outer cylinder, between the sliding member and the inner cylinder, between the locking sleeve and the outer cylinder, and between an end of the outer cylinder away from the end cover and the inner cylinder.

[0012] According to a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention, an annular notch is formed at one end of the inner cylinder close to the end cover, and the locking component is arranged in the annular notch.

[0013] According to a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention, a buffer damper is provided at one end of the innermost cylinder away from the end cover.

[0014] The present invention also provides a rocket recovery leg device, comprising a rocket body and the multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism described in any one of the above items, wherein the end cover is connected to the rocket body.

[0015] The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention can realize the switching of the locking component from the locked state to the unlocked state through the vent hole of the outermost cylinder, and can make the inner cylinder slide to shrink. When the two adjacent cylinders are in the contracted state, the vent holes of the two adjacent cylinders are connected, so that all the locking components can unlock the corresponding locking grooves with the help of the vent hole of the outermost cylinder, thereby realizing the contraction of the multi-stage sleeve; and the extension of the multi-stage cylinder can be realized by expanding the inflation hole. In this way, the expansion and contraction of the multi-stage cylinder can be realized through the vent hole and the expansion and inflation hole on the outermost cylinder, so that the expansion and contraction of the telescopic mechanism can be realized through a set of air supply system, which can reduce the complexity of the air path design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view of the structure.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0020] Figure 4 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0022] Figure 6 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point D in the middle.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking member provided by the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals: 100, cylinder; 101, locking groove; 102, vent hole; 103, air inlet cavity; 110, primary cylinder; 111, primary sealing cover; 120, secondary cylinder; 121, secondary sealing cover; 122, connecting hole; 130, tertiary cylinder; 200, end cap; 210, expansion and inflation hole; 220, arrow body connection hole; 300, locking member; 310, lock sleeve; 320, sliding member; 321, receiving groove; 330, locking member; 331, first locking portion; 332, second locking portion; 340, elastic member; 350, guide member; 301, primary locking component; 302, secondary locking component; 400, seals; 500, buffer damper; 510, outer cover connection hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0030] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0031] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 8 The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism of the present invention is described.

[0032] The embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism includes a multi-stage sleeve, which includes a plurality of cylinders 100 that are slidably sleeved in sequence from the inside to the outside; the first end of the outermost cylinder 100 is connected to an end cover 200, and the end cover 200 is provided with an expansion and inflation hole 210.

[0033] In two adjacent cylinders 100, an air vent 102 is provided at one end of the outer cylinder 100 away from the end cover 200, a locking groove 101 is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 100 away from the end cover 200, and a locking component 300 is provided at one end of the inner cylinder 100 close to the end cover 200. The locking component 300 has a locked state and an unlocked state. An air inlet cavity 103 is formed between the locking component 300, the outer cylinder 100 and the inner cylinder 100, and the air inlet cavity 103 is connected to the air vent 102.

[0034] When the multi-stage sleeve is in an extended state, two adjacent cylinders 100 are unfolded, and the locking component 300 is locked in the corresponding locking groove 101, and the locking component 300 is in a locked state; air is ventilated into the air inlet cavity 103 through the air vent 102 of the outermost cylinder 100, so that the locking component 300 releases the lock on the locking groove 101, the locking component 300 is in an unlocked state, and the inner cylinder 100 slides to shrink, and when the two adjacent cylinders 100 are in a contracted state, the air vent 102 of the two adjacent cylinders 100 is connected, so that the multiple cylinders 100 gradually shrink from the outside to the inside.

[0035] It can be understood that the expansion and inflation holes 210 and the vent holes 102 of the outermost cylinder 100 are connected to the air supply system; the expansion and inflation holes 210 are used to ventilate the cylinder 100, while the vent holes 102 are used to exhaust air outwards, and the multiple cylinders 100 are relatively slid and expanded, such as Figure 2 As shown, the multi-stage sleeve is in an extended state. At this time, the locking component 300 between two adjacent cylinders 100 is locked in the corresponding locking groove 101, and the locking component 300 is in a locked state.

[0036] Air is ventilated into the outermost air inlet cavity 103 through the air vent 102 of the outermost cylinder 100, and at the same time, exhaust is exhausted outwardly so that the outermost locking component 300 releases the lock on the locking groove 101 on the outermost cylinder 100, and the locking component 300 is in an unlocked state, and continues to ventilate through the air vent 102 of the outermost cylinder 100. When two adjacent cylinders 100 are in a contracted state, the air vents 102 of the two adjacent cylinders 100 are connected, so that the multiple cylinders 100 are gradually contracted from the outside to the inside, and the multi-stage sleeve is in a retracted state.

[0037] The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the switching of the locking component 300 from the locked state to the unlocked state through the vent hole 102 of the outermost cylinder 100, and can make the inner cylinder 100 slide to shrink. When two adjacent cylinders 100 are in the contracted state, the vent holes 102 of the two adjacent cylinders 100 are connected, so that all the locking components 300 can unlock the corresponding locking grooves 101 with the help of the vent hole 102 of the outermost cylinder 100, thereby realizing the contraction of the multi-stage sleeve; and the extension of the multi-stage cylinder 100 can be realized through the expansion and inflation hole 210. In this way, the expansion and contraction of the multi-stage cylinder 100 can be realized through the vent hole 102 on the outermost cylinder 100 and the expansion and inflation hole 210, so that the expansion and contraction of the telescopic mechanism can be realized through a set of air supply system, which can reduce the complexity of the air path design.

[0038] It should be noted that if each locking component 300 uses an independent air source, the air circuit structure is complex, and the operation is difficult during assembly and maintenance, and the air volume required is large. The present invention only requires the air vent 102 on the outermost cylinder 100 and the expansion and inflation hole 210 to be connected to the air supply system, which can greatly simplify the air supply system and the demand. The air supply system is simply connected to the telescopic mechanism air circuit, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembly and maintenance, and the air volume required is small.

[0039] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the sleeve has three levels, and the multi-level sleeve includes three cylinders, which are the first-level cylinder 110, the second-level cylinder 120 and the third-level cylinder 130 from left to right. The left end of the first-level cylinder 110 is connected to the end cover 200. The first-level cylinder 110 and the end cover 200 are mechanically airtightly connected. The end cover 200 is provided with an expansion and inflation hole 210. The second-level cylinder 120 can be slidably mounted in the first-level cylinder 110, and the third-level cylinder 130 can be slidably mounted in the second-level cylinder 120, so that the cylinders of each level can be slidably mounted together in sequence. It should be noted that the number of cylinders 100 can be two or four, etc., and the specific number of cylinders 100 can be set according to needs.

[0040] The inner wall of the first-stage cylinder 110 is provided with a locking groove 101 (referred to as the first-stage locking groove), the outer wall of the second-stage cylinder 120 is provided with a first-stage locking component 301 cooperating with the first-stage locking groove, and the right end of the first-stage cylinder 110 is provided with a vent hole 102, which serves as an unlocking air inlet; the inner wall of the second-stage cylinder 120 is provided with a locking groove 101 (referred to as the second-stage locking groove), the outer wall of the tertiary cylinder 130 is provided with a second-stage locking component 302 cooperating with the second-stage locking groove, and the right end of the second-stage cylinder 120 is provided with a vent hole 102, which serves as a connecting hole 122.

[0041] The gas supply system introduces gas into the primary cylinder 110 by expanding the inflation hole 210, and the gas pushes the secondary cylinder 120 and the tertiary cylinder 130 to slide outward (to the right) of the primary sleeve until the primary locking component 301 is locked in the primary locking groove, and the secondary locking component 302 is locked in the secondary locking groove, that is, the primary locking component 301 and the secondary locking component 302 are both in a locked state, and the gas supply is stopped, and the multi-stage sleeve is in an extended state, such as Figure 2 During the folding process of the multi-stage sleeve, the gas supply system introduces gas (high pressure gas) from the unlocking gas inlet, and the gas switches the primary locking component 301 from the locked state to the unlocked state, and drives the secondary cylinder 120 to slide leftward to shrink under the action of the gas. When the secondary cylinder 120 is completely shrunk into the primary cylinder 110, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the secondary cylinder 120 and the primary cylinder 110 are in a contracted state, at which time the vent hole 102 of the primary cylinder 110 is connected to the vent hole 102 of the secondary cylinder 120, and the gas switches the secondary locking component 302 from a locked state to an unlocked state; and the tertiary cylinder 130 is driven to slide to the left to contract under the action of the gas, so as to realize the gradual contraction of the multiple cylinders 100 from the outside to the inside, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 shown.

[0042] It should be noted that the multi-stage sleeve includes a plurality of cylinders 100 which are slidably mounted in sequence from the inside to the outside. Except for the innermost cylinder 100 which is not designed with a vent hole 102, the other cylinders 100 are provided with a vent hole 102. The outermost cylinder 100 has a vent near the right end as the vent hole 102 of the first-stage cylinder 110 to facilitate connection with the air supply system; all cylinders 100 except the outermost cylinder 100 and the innermost cylinder 100 have a plurality of circumferentially arranged small vent holes near the right end, and the plurality of small vent holes serve as the connecting holes 122 of the cylinders 100.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, in two adjacent cylinders 100, the locking component 300 includes a locking sleeve 310, a sliding member 320 and a locking member 330. The locking sleeve 310 is connected to one end of the inner cylinder 100 close to the end cover 200. The locking member 330 is partially penetrated through the locking sleeve 310. The sliding member 320 is slidably arranged on the side of the locking sleeve 310 away from the end cover 200. The sliding member 320, the outer cylinder 100 and the inner cylinder 100 form an air intake cavity 103. The sliding member 320 is provided with a receiving groove 321 cooperating with the locking member 330.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, when the locking component 300 is in the locked state, one end of the locking member 330 is clamped in the locking groove 101, and the sliding member 320 is pressed against the other end of the locking member 330; Figure 5 As shown, the locking component 300 is in the unlocked state, one end of the locking member 330 is against the inner wall of the outer cylinder 100, and the other end of the locking member 330 is located in the receiving groove 321. It should be noted that during the expansion and contraction of the inner cylinder relative to the outer cylinder, the locking sleeve, the elastic member, the locking member and the inner cylinder remain relatively still, so that the gas demand is relatively small, effectively reducing the volume and capacity of the gas cylinder of the gas supply system carried by the rocket.

[0045] Specifically, in two adjacent cylinders 100, the lock sleeve 310 is connected to one end of the inner cylinder 100 close to the end cover 200, the lock sleeve 310 is slidably matched with the outer cylinder 100, an installation cavity is constructed between the lock sleeve 310 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 100, an elastic member 340 is arranged in the installation cavity, the left end of the sliding member 320 is located in the installation cavity, and the sliding member 320 is slidably matched with the lock sleeve 310 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 100, the right end of the sliding member 320 is located between the outer cylinder 100 and the inner cylinder 100, the right side of the sliding member 320, the outer cylinder 100 and the inner cylinder 100 form an air intake cavity 103, and the air intake cavity 103 is connected with the vent hole 102, It is understandable that if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the multi-stage sleeve is in the retracted state, the multiple cylinders 100 are sleeved from the outside to the inside. At this time, the locking component 300 is in the unlocked state, one end of the locking member 330 is against the inner wall of the outer cylinder 100, and the other end of the locking member 330 is located in the storage groove 321 of the sliding member; air is ventilated into the cylinder 100 through the expansion hole 210, and the multiple cylinders 100 are relatively slid and expanded, so that the multi-stage sleeve is in the extended state, until one end of the locking member 330 is clamped in the locking groove 101, and the sliding member 320 is pressed on the other end of the locking member 330. At this time, the locking component 300 is in the locked state, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0046] The air is ventilated into the outermost air inlet cavity 103 through the air vent 102 of the outermost cylinder 100, so that the sliding member 320 of the outermost locking component 300 moves to the left, and the locking member 330 moves out of the locking groove 101, so that one end of the locking member 330 is against the inner wall of the outer cylinder 100, and the other end of the locking member 330 is located in the receiving groove 321, so as to unlock the locking member 330 from the locking groove 101, and under the action of the air intake, the inner cylinder 100 moves to the left to shrink, and the lock of the locking groove 101 on the outermost cylinder 100 is released. The locking component 300 is in an unlocked state and continues to ventilate through the air vent 102 of the outermost cylinder 100. When the two adjacent cylinders 100 are in a contracted state, the air vents 102 of the two adjacent cylinders 100 are connected, so that the multiple cylinders 100 gradually shrink from the outside to the inside, and the multi-stage sleeve is in a retracted state. It should be noted here that after two adjacent cylinders 100 are unlocked and the two cylinders 100 are folded into place, the air inlet cavities 103 set on the two cylinders 100 are connected, so that the locking component 300 between the next two adjacent cylinders 100 can unlock the locking groove 101, and so on. With the help of one unlocking air inlet, unlocking between all cylinders 100 can be achieved.

[0047] For example, in two adjacent cylinders 100, the elastic member 340 is sleeved on the inner cylinder 100, and its two ends are limited between the locking sleeve 310 and the sliding member 320. The elastic member 340 has a first compression state and a second compression state, and the deformation amount in the first compression state is smaller than that in the second compression state; the outer wall of the inner cylinder 100 has a first limiting portion; in the locked state, the sliding member 320 is against the first limiting portion, and the elastic member 340 is in the first compression state; in the unlocked state, the sliding member 320 is away from the first limiting portion, and the elastic member 340 is in the second compression state.

[0048] It can be understood that, during the multi-stage sleeve extension process, the elastic member 340 extends, pushing the sliding member 320 to move rightward, and causing the right side of the sliding member 320 to abut against the first limiting portion.

[0049] Optionally, the elastic member 340 is a member made of elastic material such as a compression spring or highly elastic rubber; the locking member 330 is a tenon, which may be a square tenon.

[0050] Furthermore, a second limiting portion is provided on the side wall of the lock sleeve 310 close to the inner cylinder 100. In the unlocked state, the sliding member 320 is away from the first limiting portion and is against the second limiting portion, and the second limiting portion constrains the distance that the sliding member 320 moves in the direction of the elastic member 340; thereby, the sliding range of the sliding member 320 is limited by the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion, and a force is provided when the multi-stage sleeve is in an extended state or a retracted state to maintain a balanced state.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, in two adjacent cylinders 100, a guide member 350 is provided between the lock sleeve 310 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 100. For example, a guide groove is provided on the outer wall of the lock sleeve 310, and the guide member 350 is a guide ring installed in the guide groove.

[0052] Furthermore, the lock sleeve 310 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes in the radial direction, and the plurality of mounting holes are arranged in the circumferential direction, and then there are a plurality of locking members 330, and the plurality of locking members 330 are respectively installed in the plurality of mounting holes; preferably, the plurality of locking members 330 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. There may also be a plurality of locking grooves 101, or they may be annular grooves arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner side of the locking member 330 has a first locking portion 331 , the side surface of the first locking portion 331 is a first wedge-shaped surface, and the receiving groove 321 has a first guiding inclined surface matched with the first wedge-shaped surface.

[0054] Specifically, when the multi-stage sleeve is in a retracted state, the first guide bevel and the first wedge-shaped surface are in contact with each other; when the multi-stage sleeve needs to be extended, as the locking component 300 moves relative to the outer cylinder 100, the first guide bevel moves along the first wedge-shaped surface, pushing the locking piece 330 to move into the locking groove 101.

[0055] It is understandable that when the multi-stage sleeve is in the contracted state, the first guide slope and the first wedge-shaped surface are in contact. When the multi-stage sleeve needs to be extended, the gas in the air inlet cavity 103 is first released. As the gas discharged into the cylinder 100 increases, the multi-stage sleeve extends. When the locking member 330 corresponds to the locking groove 101, the elastic member 340 pushes the sliding member 320 to move to the right, so that the first guide slope moves along the first wedge-shaped surface, thereby converting the lateral movement of the sliding member 320 into the upward movement of the locking member 330, so that the locking member 330 is clamped in the locking groove 101.

[0056] For example, the first wedge surface is provided at the end of the locking member 330 away from the locking groove 101. Optionally, the end of the locking member 330 away from the locking groove 101 is in a frustum shape; of course, the end of the locking member 330 away from the locking groove 101 may also be in a truncated cone shape.

[0057] Optionally, the outer side of the locking piece 330 has a second locking portion 332, the side of the second locking portion 332 is a second wedge surface, and the locking groove 101 has a second guide slope that cooperates with the second wedge surface to increase the matching area between the locking piece 330 and the locking groove 101, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity.

[0058] Specifically, when the multistage sleeve is in the extended state, the locking member 330 is clamped in the locking groove 101, and the second guide slope and the second wedge surface are in contact. During the contraction of the multistage sleeve, the second wedge surface moves along the second guide slope to push the locking member 330 out of the locking groove 101.

[0059] It is understandable that when the multi-stage sleeve is in the extended state, the locking member 330 is clamped in the locking groove 101, and the second guide slope and the second wedge surface are in contact. When the multi-stage sleeve needs to be shortened, the air inlet is unlocked and gas is introduced to push the sliding member 320 to move to the left, and the notch of the receiving groove 321 is opposite to the locking member 330, so that the second guide slope moves along the second wedge surface, thereby converting the lateral movement of the sliding member 320 into the downward movement of the locking member 330, so that the locking member 330 is disengaged from the locking groove 101 and placed in the receiving groove 321.

[0060] For example, the second wedge-shaped surface is provided at one end of the locking member 330 close to the locking groove 101. Optionally, the end of the locking member 330 close to the locking groove 101 is truncated cone-shaped; of course, the end of the locking member 330 close to the locking groove 101 may also be truncated cone-shaped. Preferably, the end of the locking member 330 away from the locking groove 101 is truncated cone-shaped, and the end of the locking member 330 close to the locking groove 101 is truncated cone-shaped.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, a seal 400 is provided at least one of between the sliding member 320 and the outer cylinder 100, between the sliding member 320 and the inner cylinder 100, between the locking sleeve 310 and the outer cylinder 100, and between an end of the outer cylinder 100 away from the end cover 200 and the inner cylinder 100.

[0062] Specifically, a sealing cover slidably mounted on the inner cylinder 100 is provided at one end of the outer cylinder 100 away from the end cover 200, and the right side of the first-stage cylinder 110 is connected to the first-stage sealing cover 111, and the first-stage sealing cover 111 is slidably mounted on the second-stage cylinder 120, and the right side of the second-stage cylinder 120 is connected to the second-stage sealing cover 121, and the second-stage sealing cover 121 is slidably mounted on the third-stage cylinder 130.

[0063] In every two adjacent cylinders 100 , a seal 400 is disposed between the sliding member 320 and the outer cylinder 100 , between the sliding member 320 and the inner cylinder 100 , between the locking sleeve 310 and the outer cylinder 100 , and between the sealing cover and the inner cylinder 100 .

[0064] It should be noted that the sealing member 400 does not affect the sliding of the sliding member 320 and the sliding between two adjacent cylinders 100 while achieving sealing; for example, the sealing member can be an O-type or Y-type sealing ring.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, an annular notch is formed at one end of the inner cylinder 100 close to the end cover 200, and the locking component 300 is disposed in the annular notch.

[0066] It is understandable that, except for the outermost first-stage cylinder 110, the rest of the cylinder 100 is a variable cross-section structure, the radius of the left end face of the cylinder is reduced, and it is connected to the lock sleeve 310 by a thread, and the elastic member 340 that pushes the sliding member 320 to move is placed in the lock sleeve 310. The diameter of the left side of the cylinder 100 can be flexibly adjusted according to the state of the elastic member 340, and the diameter difference of the adjacent two-stage cylinders 100 in the matching area of ​​the locking member 330 can be reduced, thereby improving the strength and stability of the telescopic mechanism. It should be noted here that when the length of the cylinder 100 is long, the large-diameter cylinder 100 has greater strength and stability, which is conducive to the bearing of the telescopic mechanism. For example, the elastic member 304 can adopt a corrugated top spring to provide a larger elastic force in a smaller installation space.

[0067] It should be noted that the side wall of the annular notch can serve as the first limiting portion.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present invention, a buffer damper 500 is provided at one end of the innermost cylinder 100 away from the end cover 200. The buffer damper 500 is provided with an outer cover connecting hole 510, and the outer cover connecting hole 510 is used to connect with the pneumatic outer cover.

[0069] For example, the right end of the third-stage cylinder 130 is mechanically connected to the buffer damper 500 through a thread or a flange. The buffer damper 500 can be an oil-gas damper, a honeycomb damper or other damping structures.

[0070] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention proposes a rocket recovery leg device, which includes a rocket body and a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism provided by any of the above embodiments, and an end cover 200 is connected to the rocket body.

[0071] Among them, the end cover 200 of the multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism is provided with an arrow body connecting hole 220, and the arrow body connecting hole 220 is connected to the arrow body.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a multi-stage sleeve, wherein the multi-stage sleeve comprises a plurality of cylinders which are sequentially slidably sleeved from the inside to the outside; the first end of the cylinder located at the outermost side is connected to an end cover, and the end cover is provided with an expansion and inflation hole; Among the two adjacent cylinders, an end of the outer cylinder away from the end cover is provided with a vent hole, an inner wall of the outer cylinder away from the end cover is provided with a locking groove, and an end of the inner cylinder close to the end cover is provided with a locking component, the locking component has a locked state and an unlocked state, and an air inlet cavity connected to the vent hole is surrounded by the locking component, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; When the multi-stage sleeve is in an extended state, two adjacent cylinders are unfolded, and the locking components are locked in corresponding locking grooves, and the locking components are in a locked state; Air is ventilated into the air inlet cavity through the air vent of the outermost cylinder so that the locking component releases the lock on the locking groove. The locking component is in an unlocked state and causes the inner cylinder to slide to contract. When two adjacent cylinders are in a contracted state, the air vents of the two adjacent cylinders are connected.

2. The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking component comprises: A locking sleeve connected to one end of the inner cylinder close to the end cover; A locking member, partially passing through the lock sleeve; A sliding member, slidably disposed on a side of the lock sleeve away from the end cover, wherein the air inlet cavity is surrounded by the sliding member, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the sliding member is provided with a receiving groove; In the locked state, one end of the locking member is clamped in the locking groove, and the sliding member is pressed against the other end of the locking member; in the unlocked state, one end of the locking member is against the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the other end of the locking member is located in the receiving groove.

3. The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic member is arranged between the lock sleeve and the sliding member, the elastic member has a first compression state and a second compression state, the first compression state is smaller than the deformation amount of the second compression state; the outer wall of the inner cylinder has a first limiting portion; In the locked state, the sliding member abuts against the first limiting portion, and the elastic member is in a first compressed state; In the unlocked state, the sliding member is away from the first limiting portion, and the elastic member is in a second compressed state.

4. The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide is provided between the lock sleeve and the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and / or, The lock sleeve is provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the radial direction, the plurality of mounting holes are arranged along the circumferential direction, and the locking member is provided in the mounting holes.

5. The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner side of the locking member has a first locking portion, the side of the first locking portion is a first wedge-shaped surface, the receiving groove has a first guiding inclined surface matching the first wedge-shaped surface, and / or, The outer side of the locking piece has a second locking portion, the side surface of the second locking portion is a second wedge-shaped surface, and the locking groove has a second guiding inclined surface matched with the second wedge-shaped surface.

6. The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first locking portion is in a truncated cone shape or a prism shape; the second locking portion is in a prism shape or a truncated cone shape.

7. The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: A sealing member is provided at least one of between the sliding member and the outer cylinder, between the sliding member and the inner cylinder, between the locking sleeve and the outer cylinder, and between an end of the outer cylinder away from the end cover and the inner cylinder.

8. The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: An annular notch is formed at one end of the inner cylinder body close to the end cover, and the locking component is arranged in the annular notch.

9. The multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A buffer damper is arranged at one end of the innermost cylinder away from the end cover.

10. A rocket recovery leg device, characterized in that: It comprises an arrow body and a multi-stage pneumatic telescopic mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the end cover is connected to the arrow body.

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