Combined power generation device of hydrogen energy automobile

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel automobiles, and particularly relates to a hydrogen energy automobile combined power generation device which comprises a hydrogen internal combustion engine, a power generator, a high-temperature gas pipeline, a gas flow control valve, a methanol reforming hydrogen production machine, a waste gas heat exchange mechanism and a lithium battery assembly. A gas inlet of the high-temperature gas pipeline is communicated with an exhaust pipeline of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, the high-temperature gas pipeline is communicated with the waste gas heat exchange mechanism, and a gas flow control valve is installed on the waste gas heat exchange mechanism. The interior of the methanol reforming hydrogen production machine is sequentially divided into a first preheating chamber, a reforming chamber and a secondary preheating chamber from bottom to top through heat conduction plates, and the waste gas heat exchange mechanisms are arranged in the reforming chamber, the primary preheating chamber and the secondary preheating chamber respectively. The methanol reforming hydrogen production machine can be heated through high-temperature tail gas, methanol gas is preheated through heat generated by the reaction of the methanol reforming hydrogen production machine, the energy utilization rate is increased, and the stroke of a hydrogen fuel automobile is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel vehicles, and in particular relates to a hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device. Background Art

[0002] Global new energy product technologies are divided into three technical routes: pure electric, plug-in hybrid, and hydrogen fuel cell, but they all have disadvantages such as short driving range, relatively high cost, and high technical difficulty. Since methanol is a relatively safe, economical, large-scale reserve, and convenient storage and transportation fuel, it has been increasingly widely recognized and promoted internationally.

[0003] At present, the technical structures of products using methanol as fuel include: 1. Combining a methanol engine with a generator to generate electricity and charge lithium batteries; or directly using a methanol engine as a driving force. However, methanol engines have problems such as difficulty in cold start, incomplete combustion, low engine power, and corrosion of parts; 2. Using methanol to produce hydrogen, which is used to generate electricity for hydrogen fuel cells and then charge lithium batteries. The disadvantage of this structure is that the cost of hydrogen fuel cells is too high and the purity of hydrogen is also very high.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a combined power generation device for hydrogen fuel vehicles to produce hydrogen using methanol has become an issue that technicians in this field need to consider. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention discloses a hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device, which makes full use of the hot air flow exhausted by the internal combustion engine to heat the methanol reforming hydrogen generator, and recycles the heat generated by the methanol reforming hydrogen generator to promote the hydrogen production of the methanol hydrogen generator. The produced hydrogen can be combined with the vehicle's own hydrogen storage tank to continuously supply hydrogen to the internal combustion engine for power generation, thereby increasing the vehicle's range.

[0006] Specifically, this application discloses the following technical solutions:

[0007] A hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device comprises a hydrogen internal combustion engine, a generator, a high-temperature gas pipeline, a gas flow control valve, a methanol reforming hydrogen generator, an exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism and a lithium battery assembly, wherein the rotating shaft of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the generator, the lithium battery assembly is electrically connected to the generator, the air inlet of the high-temperature gas pipeline is connected to the exhaust pipeline of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, the high-temperature gas pipeline is connected to the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism, the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism is equipped with a gas flow control valve, the methanol reforming hydrogen generator is divided into a first preheating chamber, a reforming chamber and a secondary preheating chamber from bottom to top by a heat conduction plate, and the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism is respectively arranged in the reforming chamber, the primary preheating chamber and the secondary preheating chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the inlet of the first preheating chamber is connected to the methanol storage, the exhaust port of the first preheating chamber passes through the reforming chamber through a pipeline and extends into the secondary preheating chamber, and the exhaust port of the secondary preheating chamber is connected to the reforming chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism includes three serpentine heat exchange tubes, and the three serpentine heat exchange tubes are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first preheating chamber, the middle of the reforming chamber and the top of the secondary preheating chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes temperature sensors, which are respectively arranged in the reforming chamber, the first preheating chamber and the secondary preheating chamber, and the temperature sensors are electrically connected to the control circuit of the vehicle.

[0011] Furthermore, two groups of heat dissipation fins are arranged in the secondary preheating chamber, and the two groups of heat dissipation fins are arranged in a staggered manner. Both ends of the two groups of heat dissipation fins are connected to the heat conduction plate and the serpentine heat exchange tube.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a hydrogen compressor and a hydrogen cylinder, the hydrogen cylinder is connected to the hydrogen outlet pipeline of the methanol reforming hydrogen generator, the hydrogen cylinder is connected to the hydrogen internal combustion engine through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with an air intake control valve, and the hydrogen compressor is arranged on the hydrogen outlet pipeline between the hydrogen cylinder and the methanol reforming hydrogen generator.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a branch pipeline, the air inlet of which is arranged at the front end of the high-temperature gas pipeline for discharging excess exhaust gas, and the exhaust port of the branch pipeline is connected to the exhaust port of the high-temperature gas pipeline through a three-way joint.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a gas pipeline fan, which is arranged on a branch pipeline of the high-temperature gas pipeline and is electrically connected to a control circuit of the vehicle.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a check valve, which is arranged on the main pipe between the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism and the three-way joint.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The present invention heats the primary preheating chamber, the secondary preheating chamber and the reforming chamber in the methanol reforming hydrogen generator by the high-temperature tail gas discharged by the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and no electric heater is required, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency. At the same time, the heat generated by the methanol reforming hydrogen generator is used to preheat the methanol gas, thereby further improving the energy utilization rate and the reaction efficiency. Thus, the methanol reforming hydrogen generator is used to quickly produce hydrogen, and the hydrogen storage tank is used to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen internal combustion engine for power generation, thereby improving the vehicle's endurance.

[0018] 2. The present invention can ensure that the gasification temperature in the methanol reforming hydrogen generator is controlled between 200 and 320° C. by regulating and controlling the flow rate of high-temperature gas discharged from the hydrogen internal combustion engine generator, thereby increasing the catalytic reaction rate in the methanol reforming hydrogen generator and avoiding the deactivation of the catalyst;

[0019] 3. The present invention adopts a mobile methanol hydrogen production technology, which can be applied to various vehicles, ships, generator sets, low-altitude flights, mining vehicles, agricultural machinery, mobile power sources and other fields. The generated hydrogen is indirectly or directly supplied to hydrogen internal combustion engines, and the supply cost of hydrogen is greatly reduced. The price of hydrogen internal combustion engines with generators is also significantly lower than that of hydrogen fuel cells, and can completely replace hydrogen fuel cells, and achieve independent control in technology and manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the methanol reforming hydrogen generator of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the serpentine heat exchange tube in the first preheating chamber of the present invention.

[0023] Among them, 1-hydrogen internal combustion engine; 2-generator; 3-high-temperature gas pipeline; 4-gas flow control valve; 5-methanol reforming hydrogen generator; 501-first preheating chamber; 502-reforming chamber; 503-secondary preheating chamber; 6-temperature sensor; 7-lithium battery assembly; 8-heat conduction plate; 9-serpentine heat exchange tube; 10-heat dissipation fin; 11-hydrogen compressor; 12-hydrogen cylinder; 13-intake control valve; 14-branch pipeline; 15-gas pipeline fan; 16-tee joint; 17-check valve; 18-methanol storage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment discloses a hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device, including a hydrogen internal combustion engine 1, a generator 2, a high-temperature gas pipeline 3, a gas flow control valve 4, a methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5, an exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism, a temperature sensor 6 and a lithium battery assembly 7.

[0027] The rotating shaft of the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the generator 2, and the lithium battery assembly 7 is electrically connected to the generator 2. The hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 drives the generator 2 to rotate to charge the lithium battery assembly 7. The air inlet of the high-temperature gas pipeline 3 is connected to the exhaust pipeline of the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1, and the high-temperature gas pipeline 3 is connected to the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism. A gas flow control valve 4 is installed on the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism. The methanol reforming hydrogen making machine 5 is divided into a first preheating chamber 501, a reforming chamber 502 and a secondary preheating chamber 503 from bottom to top by a heat conduction plate 8. The exhaust gas heat exchange mechanisms are respectively arranged in the reforming chamber 502, the first preheating chamber 501 and the secondary preheating chamber 503.

[0028] Specifically, the inlet of the first preheating chamber 501 is connected to the methanol storage tank 18, the exhaust port of the first preheating chamber 501 passes through the reforming chamber 502 through a pipeline and extends into the secondary preheating chamber 503, the exhaust port of the secondary preheating chamber 503 is connected to the reforming chamber 502, and the temperature sensors 6 are respectively arranged in the reforming chamber 502, the first preheating chamber 501 and the secondary preheating chamber 503, and are electrically connected to the control circuit of the vehicle.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism includes three serpentine heat exchange tubes 9, which are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first preheating chamber 501, the middle of the reforming chamber 502 and the top of the secondary preheating chamber 503, and a gas flow control valve 4 is provided at the front end of each serpentine heat exchange tube 9.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two groups of heat dissipation fins 10 are further arranged in the secondary preheating chamber 503. The two groups of heat dissipation fins 10 are arranged in an interlaced manner, and both ends of the two groups of heat dissipation fins 10 are connected to the heat conduction plate 8 and the serpentine heat exchange tube 9. By arranging the heat dissipation fins 10, it is convenient for the methanol gas to more fully contact and exchange heat with the heat dissipation fins 10, and the residence time of the methanol gas in the secondary preheating chamber 503 is increased, thereby improving its heating temperature.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a hydrogen compressor 11 and a hydrogen cylinder 12. The hydrogen cylinder 12 is connected to the hydrogen outlet pipeline of the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5. The hydrogen cylinder 12 is connected to the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 through a pipeline. An intake control valve 13 is provided on the pipeline. The hydrogen compressor 11 is arranged on the hydrogen outlet pipeline between the hydrogen cylinder 12 and the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5. The hydrogen from the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5 is input into the hydrogen cylinder 12 through a hydrogen booster pump and finally transported to the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a branch pipeline 14, the air inlet of the branch pipeline 14 is arranged at the front end of the high-temperature gas pipeline 3, and a gas pipeline fan 15 is also arranged on the branch pipeline 14. The gas pipeline fan 15 is electrically connected to the control circuit of the vehicle and is used to discharge excess exhaust gas. The exhaust port of the branch pipeline 14 is connected to the exhaust port of the high-temperature gas pipeline 3 through a three-way joint 16.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a check valve 17 is further included. The check valve 17 is arranged on the main pipe between the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism and the three-way joint 16 to prevent the exhaust gas in the branch pipe 14 from flowing back.

[0034] When the vehicle is started, the exhaust gas generated by the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 driving the generator 2 is transported by the high-temperature gas pipeline 3 to the serpentine heat exchange tube 9 inside the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5. At the same time, the temperature sensor 6 constantly monitors the temperature in the reforming chamber 502, the first preheating chamber 501 and the secondary preheating chamber 503, and feeds the result back to the control circuit of the vehicle. After receiving the signal, the control circuit adjusts the opening degree of the three gas flow control valves 4 to ensure that the gasification temperature in the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5 is controlled between 200 and 320°C, ensuring that the methanol reforming hydrogen generator 5 is in the best condition. The catalytic reaction rate, the reforming chamber 502 will generate a lot of heat after hydrogen production, and the heat can be transferred to the first preheating chamber 501 and the secondary preheating chamber 503 through the heat conduction plate 8 to preheat the methanol gas and improve the hydrogen production efficiency. When a large amount of heat is released by methanol reforming to produce hydrogen, the temperature of the first preheating chamber 501 and the secondary preheating chamber 503 exceeds the set temperature, the vehicle's control circuit will control the gas flow control valve 4 of the corresponding chamber to reduce the opening and closing angle, and synchronously control and adjust the speed of the gas pipeline fan 15, so that the excess exhaust is discharged through the gas pipeline fan 15.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any slight modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydrogen internal combustion engine (1), a generator (2), a high-temperature gas pipeline (3), a gas flow control valve (4), a methanol reforming hydrogen generator (5), an exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism and a lithium battery assembly (7). The rotating shaft of the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the generator (2). The lithium battery assembly (7) is electrically connected to the generator (2). The air inlet of the high-temperature gas pipeline (3) is connected to the exhaust pipe of the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1). The high-temperature gas pipeline (3) is connected to the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism. The exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism is installed with a gas flow control valve (4). The methanol reforming hydrogen generator (5) is divided into a first preheating chamber (501), a reforming chamber (502) and a secondary preheating chamber (503) from bottom to top by a heat conduction plate (8). The exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism is respectively arranged in the reforming chamber (502), the primary preheating chamber and the secondary preheating chamber (503).

2. A hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the first preheating chamber (501) is connected to the methanol storage tank (18), the exhaust port of the first preheating chamber (501) passes through the reforming chamber (502) through a pipeline and extends into the secondary preheating chamber (503), and the exhaust port of the secondary preheating chamber (503) is connected to the reforming chamber (502).

3. A hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism comprises three serpentine heat exchange tubes (9), which are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first preheating chamber (501), the middle of the reforming chamber (502) and the top of the secondary preheating chamber (503).

4. A hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature sensor (6), which is respectively arranged in the reforming chamber (502), the first preheating chamber (501) and the secondary preheating chamber (503), and the temperature sensor (6) is electrically connected to the control circuit of the vehicle.

5. A hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of heat dissipation fins (10) are also arranged in the secondary preheating chamber (503). The two groups of heat dissipation fins (10) are arranged in a staggered manner, and both ends of the two groups of heat dissipation fins (10) are connected to the heat conduction plate (8) and the serpentine heat exchange tube (9).

6. A hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a hydrogen compressor (11) and a hydrogen cylinder (12), wherein the hydrogen cylinder (12) is connected to a hydrogen outlet pipeline of a methanol reforming hydrogen generator (5), and the hydrogen cylinder (12) is connected to a hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) via a pipeline, wherein an air intake control valve (13) is arranged on the pipeline, and the hydrogen compressor (11) is arranged on the hydrogen outlet pipeline between the hydrogen cylinder (12) and the methanol reforming hydrogen generator (5).

7. A hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a branch pipeline (14), the air inlet of the branch pipeline (14) being arranged at the front end of the high-temperature gas pipeline (3) for discharging excess exhaust gas, and the exhaust port of the branch pipeline (14) being connected to the exhaust port of the high-temperature gas pipeline (3) via a three-way joint (16).

8. A hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a gas pipeline fan (15), wherein the gas pipeline fan (15) is arranged on a branch pipeline (14) of the high-temperature gas pipeline (3), and the gas pipeline fan (15) is electrically connected to a control circuit of the vehicle.

9. A hydrogen energy vehicle combined power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a check valve (17), which is arranged on the main pipe between the exhaust gas heat exchange mechanism and the three-way connector (16).

Images