Modified basalt fiber, preparation method thereof and biological membrane filler containing modified basalt fiber

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a modified basalt fiber, a preparation method of the modified basalt fiber and a biological membrane filler containing the modified basalt fiber. The prepared basalt fibers and polyester fibers are blended into fiber bundles which are blended on the fixed base layer to form the biological membrane filler, the fiber bundles are distributed on the surface of the fixed base layer in a seaweed shape, the fiber bundles are distributed in a vertically staggered mode, more attachment points can be provided for growth of microorganisms, meanwhile, the contact time of water flow and a biological membrane is prolonged, and the biological membrane filler is more stable. The biofilm culturing amount and the biofilm culturing speed of the biofilm are improved, and the biodegradability of the biofilm is enhanced; meanwhile, the fixed base layer is made of a flexible material, so that compression during transportation is facilitated, and the storage and transportation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a modified basalt fiber and a preparation method thereof, and a biofilm filler containing the modified basalt fiber. Background Art

[0002] At present, the mainstream processes for sewage treatment are activated sludge method and biological contact oxidation method, as well as aerated biological filter. The activated sludge method is the most widely used, mainly in large sewage facilities, and the biological contact oxidation method is used in small and medium-sized facilities. The biological contact oxidation method is also called the biofilm method. Its core is biological filler, which plays a vital role in improving the treatment efficiency of biofilm reactors and reducing operating costs. The filler carries the biofilm, providing a place for the growth, metabolism, and reproduction of anaerobic, facultative and aerobic microorganisms, and at the same time, as a relatively fixed phase, it provides a contact surface for the three phases of gas, liquid, and solid. The filler is also a medium for cutting water flow and bubbles, creating conditions for increasing the turbulence of the gas and liquid phases, and promoting mass transfer between gas and liquid, solid and liquid, and gas and solid. The patent document with the publication number of CN107215960B discloses a biofilm composite filler with the function of slowing down the aging and shedding of biofilm, comprising an outer ring, the outer side of the outer ring is connected with aldehyded fiber, the inner side of the outer ring is provided with an inner ring, a plurality of connecting rods are connected between the outer ring and the inner ring, the plurality of connecting rods are evenly arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, the plurality of connecting rods all penetrate the inner ring and intersect at the center position of the inner side of the inner ring, a plastic branch is connected between two of the connecting rods, the end of the connecting rod located on the inner side of the inner ring is interspersed with a plurality of fixed tubes, the front and back sides of the inner ring are paved with a biofilm control net mechanism, the biofilm control net mechanism comprises a support net, an oxygen permeable net and a partition cavity; In the process of practical application, the following deficiencies still exist: the existing biofilm filler has a small specific surface area, which limits the attachment and growth space of microorganisms, resulting in insufficient biofilm and reduced biofilm degradation capacity, resulting in poor organic matter removal effect, thus affecting the efficiency of sewage treatment. In addition, the rigid structure of traditional biological fillers makes it impossible to compress and transport, which increases the cost of storage and transportation. At the same time, hoisting machinery is required for on-site installation to lay layer by layer. In a 10,000-ton sewage treatment plant, the assembly of a single set of biochemical pool fillers requires a lot of man-hours, and there is a problem of uneven porosity, which further increases the cost and operation complexity. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a modified basalt fiber and a preparation method thereof, and a biofilm filler containing the modified basalt fiber, which can effectively solve the above problems.

[0004] The present invention is achieved in that: A method for preparing modified basalt fiber comprises the following steps: S1: Soak the basalt fiber in acetone solution for 3-4 hours, take it out and rinse it after soaking, and then dry it at 100℃~115℃ for 3-4 hours after rinsing; S2: Soak the dried basalt fiber in a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.8-1.3 mol / L for 1-2.5 hours, take it out and rinse it after soaking, and then place it in an environment of 100℃~115℃ for drying for 3-4 hours after rinsing; S3: soaking the dried basalt fiber in a ferrous sulfate solution with a concentration of 0.3-0.6 mol / L for 1.5-3 hours, taking it out and rinsing it after soaking, and drying it at 100°C-115°C for 3-4 hours after rinsing; S4: soaking the dried basalt fiber in a calcium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.3-0.6 mol / L for 1.5-3 hours, taking it out and rinsing it after soaking, and drying it at 100° C. to 115° C. for 3-4 hours after rinsing, so as to achieve modification of the basalt fiber.

[0005] As a further improvement, in step S3, the temperature of the ferrous sulfate solution is 35°C-45°C; in step S4, the temperature of the calcium chloride solution is 35°C-45°C.

[0006] A modified basalt fiber is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0007] A biofilm filler is based on the above-mentioned modified basalt fiber, comprising a fixed base layer and a plurality of fiber bundles vertically staggered and distributed on the fixed base layer, wherein the fiber bundles are blended from the modified basalt fiber and polyester fiber.

[0008] As a further improvement, the ratio of the modified basalt fiber to the polyester fiber is 1:1.

[0009] As a further improvement, the surfaces of the modified basalt fiber and the polyester fiber are coated with iron ions and calcium ions.

[0010] As a further improvement, the fixed base layer is in a sheet-like structure as a whole, and rod penetration holes are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends.

[0011] As a further improvement, the fixed base layer includes an upper base layer and a lower base layer, the upper base layer and the lower base layer are connected by glue, the upper base layer is formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns, and there is a gap between the warp yarns and the weft yarns for the fiber bundles to pass through, the fiber bundles are woven through the gaps to form a U-shaped structure and are fixed to the surface of the upper base layer.

[0012] As a further improvement, the lower base layer is a grid structure.

[0013] As a further improvement, the yarn used to weave the fixed base layer is made of nylon.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The fiber bundles of the present invention are distributed on the surface of the fixed base layer in the shape of seaweed. The fiber bundles are arranged in a vertical staggered distribution, which can provide more attachment points for the growth of microorganisms, while increasing the contact time between the water flow and the biofilm, improving the biofilm growth amount and biofilm growth speed, and enhancing the biodegradability of the biofilm. At the same time, the fixed base layer is made of flexible material, which is easy to compress during transportation, thereby reducing the cost of storage and transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biofilm filler provided by the present invention from the left side; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the biofilm filler provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the biofilm filler provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper and lower base layers of the fiber bundle provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper base layer provided by the present invention in a front view.

[0017] In the figure: fixed base layer-1, fiber bundle-2, rod penetration hole-11, upper base layer-12, lower base layer-13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the embodiments of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as referring to the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the methods. To be more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0020] The existing biofilm fillers have a small specific surface area, which limits the attachment and growth space of microorganisms, resulting in insufficient biofilm, reducing the degradation ability of biofilm, resulting in poor organic matter removal effect, thus affecting the efficiency of sewage treatment. In addition, the rigid structure of traditional biological fillers makes it impossible to compress and transport, increasing the cost of storage and transportation. At the same time, it is necessary to use lifting machinery to lay layer by layer during on-site installation. In a 10,000-ton sewage treatment plant, the assembly of a single set of biochemical pool fillers requires a lot of man-hours, and there is a problem of uneven porosity, which further increases the cost and operation complexity. In order to solve the above technical problems, this case proposes the following technical solutions: A method for preparing modified basalt fiber comprises the following steps: S1: Soak the basalt fiber in acetone solution for 3-4 hours, take it out and rinse it after soaking, and then dry it at 100℃~115℃ for 3-4 hours after rinsing; S2: Soak the dried basalt fiber in a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.8-1.3 mol / L for 1-2.5 hours, take it out and rinse it after soaking, and then place it in an environment of 100℃~115℃ for drying for 3-4 hours after rinsing; S3: soaking the dried basalt fiber in a ferrous sulfate solution with a concentration of 0.3-0.6 mol / L for 1.5-3 hours, taking it out and rinsing it after soaking, and drying it at 100°C-115°C for 3-4 hours after rinsing; S4: soaking the dried basalt fiber in a calcium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.3-0.6 mol / L for 1.5-3 hours, taking it out and rinsing it after soaking, and drying it at 100° C. to 115° C. for 3-4 hours after rinsing, so as to achieve modification of the basalt fiber.

[0021] In step S3, the temperature of the ferrous sulfate solution is 35°C-45°C; in step S4, the temperature of the calcium chloride solution is 35°C-45°C.

[0022] The basalt fibers used in step S1 are micron-sized fibers, which increase the specific surface area, thereby increasing the amount of biofilm on the biological filler within the same volume; The basalt fiber is modified by the above preparation method, and the prepared basalt fiber has stronger flexibility, can withstand greater deformation without being easy to break, and can be used for textiles processed by biological fillers.

[0023] A modified basalt fiber is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 5 As shown, a biofilm filler, based on the above-mentioned modified basalt fiber, comprises a fixed base layer 1 and a plurality of fiber bundles 2 vertically staggered and distributed on the fixed base layer 1, wherein the fiber bundles 2 are blended from modified basalt fiber and polyester fiber; In addition, the modified basalt fiber adopts a micron-sized fiber structure with a very large specific surface area, which can provide a large amount of surface for microorganisms to attach and grow, increasing the formation and reproduction space of biofilm. Therefore, each unit volume of filler can accommodate more microbial communities, thereby significantly improving the biodegradability in the sewage treatment process; in addition, the micron-sized fiber structure can not only increase the density of the biofilm, but also enhance the distribution of water flow and the diffusion of oxygen, further optimizing the sewage treatment efficiency.

[0025] Therefore, when in use, the biofilm filler is placed in the anoxic tank or aerobic tank of sewage treatment, rural sewage and black and smelly water in the river, and the fiber bundles 2 are distributed in the shape of seaweed on the surface of the fixed base layer 1. The fiber bundles 2 are arranged in a vertically staggered distribution, which can provide more attachment points for the growth of microorganisms, while increasing the contact time between the water flow and the biofilm, increasing the amount and speed of biofilm formation, and enhancing the biodegradability of the biofilm; at the same time, the fixed base layer 1 is made of flexible material, which is convenient for compression during transportation, reducing the cost of storage and transportation.

[0026] During the sewage treatment process, organic matter and pollutants in the sewage will be adsorbed onto the surface of the biofilm filler as the water flows through the vertically staggered fiber bundles, and quickly form an active microbial community. These microorganisms purify the water by adsorbing and degrading organic pollutants in the water.

[0027] The same amount of product strip filler (A), elastic filler (B), biological composite filler (C), and biofilm filler (D) of the present invention were placed in 4 parallel sewage pools for testing. The water temperature in the sewage pool was 15°C and the inlet pH was 7.0-7.5. The test results are as follows:

[0028] According to tests, the removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen of the biofilm filler of the present invention are increased by 20%, 30% and 20% respectively, and the biofilm amount and biofilm speed are increased by 50%.

[0029] The ratio of the modified basalt fiber to the polyester fiber is 1:1, so that the biofilm filler has good flexibility and stability while having both mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. The modified basalt fiber has excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and a high specific surface area, and can provide more space for microbial attachment, accelerate the formation of biofilm and its stability; while the polyester fiber has strong tensile resistance and toughness, which can enhance the structural strength and durability of the filler, ensuring that it is not easily damaged during long-term use in the sewage treatment process; the two can complement each other, which not only improves the biodegradability of the filler, but also improves its durability during long-term treatment.

[0030] The surfaces of the modified basalt fiber and polyester fiber are coated with iron ions and calcium ions, which significantly enhance the hydrophilicity and adsorption capacity of the fiber surface, thereby providing a more ideal environment for the attachment and growth of microorganisms. Iron ions have good adsorption properties, can effectively promote the colonization of microorganisms, and provide essential elements for the growth of microorganisms; calcium ions can enhance the stability of cell walls, help the adhesion and growth rate of microbial cells, and form a more compact and stable biofilm; By coating with iron and calcium ions, the interaction between the fiber surface and microorganisms can be improved, accelerating the formation of biofilms. Microorganisms can attach to the fiber surface more quickly, multiply rapidly and form an active biofilm layer, thereby improving the efficiency of the sewage treatment system. As the number of microorganisms increases, the degradation capacity of the biofilm is also improved, further enhancing the removal of organic pollutants in sewage.

[0031] The fixing base layer 1 has a sheet-like structure as a whole, so it has good flatness and stability, while reducing the space required for storage and transportation, and improving handling efficiency; rod holes 11 are provided at the upper and lower ends, which facilitate the installation of the fixing assembly. During installation, the fixing base layer can be easily connected to other components through the rod holes, ensuring the stability of the entire biological filler and the convenience of loading and unloading.

[0032] The fixed base layer 1 includes an upper base layer 12 and a lower base layer 13, and the upper base layer 12 and the lower base layer 13 are connected by glue to form a stable overall structure. The upper base layer 12 is formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns, and a gap is provided between the warp yarns and the weft yarns for the fiber bundles 2 to pass through. The fiber bundles 2 are woven through the gaps to form a U-shaped structure and are fixed to the surface of the upper base layer 12, thereby enhancing the stability of the fiber bundles and improving the overall strength and durability of the fixed base layer.

[0033] The lower base layer 13 is a grid-like structure, which is connected to the upper base layer 12 by glue, providing a high degree of rigidity and stability, and further improving the overall strength of the fixed base layer 1.

[0034] The yarn woven with the fixed base layer 1 is made of nylon. The flexibility of the nylon base layer makes the filler module easy to fold and transport. The structure can be quickly restored after being unfolded on site, and combined with the rod penetration hole 11, fast loading and unloading can be achieved, thereby improving the installation efficiency of 10,000-ton sewage pool fillers. At the same time, nylon yarn has extremely high strength and toughness, so that the fixed base layer can withstand large tensile and impact forces without being prone to breakage or deformation, thereby ensuring the durability and safety of the biological filler.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing modified basalt fiber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Soak the basalt fiber in acetone solution for 3-4 hours, take it out and rinse it after soaking, and then dry it at 100℃~115℃ for 3-4 hours after rinsing; S2: Soak the dried basalt fiber in a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.8-1.3 mol / L for 1-2.5 hours, take it out and rinse it after soaking, and then place it in an environment of 100℃~115℃ for drying for 3-4 hours after rinsing; S3: soaking the dried basalt fiber in a ferrous sulfate solution with a concentration of 0.3-0.6 mol / L for 1.5-3 hours, taking it out and rinsing it after soaking, and drying it at 100°C-115°C for 3-4 hours after rinsing; S4: soaking the dried basalt fiber in a calcium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.3-0.6 mol / L for 1.5-3 hours, taking it out and rinsing it after soaking, and drying it at 100° C. to 115° C. for 3-4 hours after rinsing, so as to achieve modification of the basalt fiber.

2. The method for preparing modified basalt fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the temperature of the ferrous sulfate solution is 35°C-45°C; in step S4, the temperature of the calcium chloride solution is 35°C-45°C.

3. A modified basalt fiber, characterized in that: The invention is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

4. A biofilm filler, based on the modified basalt fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that: It comprises a fixed base layer (1) and a plurality of fiber bundles (2) vertically staggered and distributed on the fixed base layer (1), wherein the fiber bundles (2) are blended from modified basalt fibers and polyester fibers.

5. A biofilm filler as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the modified basalt fiber to the polyester fiber is 1:

1.

6. A biofilm filler as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The surfaces of the modified basalt fiber and the polyester fiber are coated with iron ions and calcium ions.

7. A biofilm filler as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing base layer (1) is in the form of a sheet as a whole, and is provided with rod penetration holes (11) at the upper and lower ends respectively.

8. A biofilm filler as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed base layer (1) comprises an upper base layer (12) and a lower base layer (13), wherein the upper base layer (12) and the lower base layer (13) are connected by glue, wherein the upper base layer (12) is formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns, wherein a gap is provided between the warp yarns and the weft yarns for the fiber bundles (2) to pass through, and the fiber bundles (2) are woven through the gap to form a U-shaped structure and are fixed to the surface of the upper base layer (12).

9. A biofilm filler as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The lower base layer (13) is a grid-like structure.

10. A biofilm filler as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The yarn woven into the fixed base layer (1) is made of nylon.

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