Preparation and application of composite glass pumice material with rapid biofilm formation function

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a composite glass pumice material with a rapid biofilm formation function, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment materials. According to the composite glass pumice material with the rapid biofilm culturing function, the glass pumice is used as a basis to adsorb a nutrient solution, meanwhile, chitosan, sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid and other materials are used for coating the glass pumice, and calcium ions are used for carrying out in-situ fixation on nutrients; the method can improve the attraction of the obtained biological carrier to microorganisms and the ability of inducing the formation of a biological membrane, provides an advantageous basis for the enrichment of the microorganisms in the carrier to generate a biological membrane, can greatly accelerate the formation and stability of the biological membrane, shortens the starting period and maintenance cost of a biological membrane system, and has significant application value. Moreover, the related preparation process is simple, the used materials are cheap and easy to obtain, special reaction conditions and devices are not needed, the automatic manufacturing degree is high, the large-scale production feasibility is high, and the market prospect is huge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment materials, and in particular to a preparation method and application of a composite glass pumice material with rapid biofilm formation function. Background Art

[0002] Biological carriers are the core foundation of the application of biofilm technology, and the material properties of biological carriers are key factors affecting the speed, activity and stability of biofilm formation. Conventional biological carrier materials generally have the following deficiencies in biofilm formation: 1) The surface of the carrier material has a weak affinity with microorganisms, resulting in a long time for biofilm formation, which affects the system startup speed; 2) The small specific surface area and low surface roughness reduce the carrier's ability to capture microorganisms, affecting the speed and stability of biofilm formation; 3) The biofilm activity is low, requiring external nutrition or continuous supplementation of bacteria to maintain stable treatment activity. The above deficiencies in material properties will affect the reactor startup speed, pollution removal efficiency and stability, so the development of biological carriers with stronger biological affinity and higher efficiency has important application significance.

[0003] Glass pumice is an inorganic lightweight porous material made from waste glass as the main raw material through processes such as crushing, sintering, pore making, and annealing. It has the characteristics of low density, light texture, fluidization, good stability, high porosity, large specific surface area, and rich internal pores. It is a very promising bio-carrier material. Previous studies have found that although glass pumice is an inorganic material, it contains rich silicon hydroxyl groups, which can achieve stable loading of different elements, thereby improving the bioaffinity and functionality of the pumice material. However, directly using glass pumice as a bio-carrier will result in poor results and nutrient loss, so it is necessary to develop new processes for glass pumice as a bio-carrier.

[0004] At present, the existing technologies for glass pumice include patent CN 118767898A (a composite biological glass pumice material with simultaneous denitrification and phosphorus removal functions and its preparation method and application) and patent CN 119059532A (a FeNi Prussian blue derivative loaded glass pumice composite material and its preparation method and application), but they mainly load iron into glass pumice to improve the ability of glass pumice to remove pollutants. The preparation process also involves a calcination process, which is energy-intensive and complex. In addition, "Preparation of Chitosan / Pumice Floating Composite Algaecide Material and Its Algaecide Performance and Algaecide Mechanism" discloses a technology for preparing a composite algaecide material using chitosan and pumice, but the algaecide field it targets uses the function of chitosan as a flocculating algaecide, which is different from the principle involved in the preparation of biological carriers. Summary of the invention

[0005] Technical issues

[0006] Glass pumice is a highly promising bio-carrier material, but direct use of glass pumice still has problems such as poor effect and nutrient loss. It cannot promote biofilm formation and increase biofilm activity, so new processing technology is needed to prepare glass pumice bio-carriers.

[0007] Technical content

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the characteristics of traditional biological carrier materials and provide a preparation method and application of a composite glass pumice biological carrier material loaded with multiple nutrients. The present invention utilizes the characteristics of glass pumice with high stability, large specific surface area and strong material activity, combines it with multiple nutrients, and forms a composite biological carrier with fast biofilm formation speed, high activity and strong stability, so as to improve the carrier biofilm formation speed and stability and enhance the ability to remove pollutants. The composite glass pumice biological carrier material has broad application potential and practical value in the field of environmental protection.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for preparing a composite glass pumice material with a rapid film-forming function, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1, heating the glass pumice material in an alkaline solution for pre-activation, and then taking it out and drying it to obtain activated glass pumice;

[0011] S2, placing the activated glass pumice in a nutrient solution, heating and stirring, and then taking out and drying to obtain the nutrient-loaded glass pumice;

[0012] S3, placing the glass pumice loaded with nutrients in a hydrogel solution, and then adding a calcium ion solution to fix the nutrients in situ, and then taking out and drying, thereby obtaining a composite glass pumice material with a rapid biofilm formation function.

[0013] Furthermore, the dry density of the glass pumice in step S1 is 0.3-0.5 g / cm 2 The monomer mass water holding rate is 30-40%, the particle size is 10-20mm, and the particle size compliance rate is ≥80%.

[0014] Furthermore, the alkali in the alkaline solution in step S1 includes one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.

[0015] Furthermore, the pH of the alkaline solution in step S1 is 8.0-10.0.

[0016] Furthermore, the heating temperature in step S1 is 70-90° C., and the heating time is 5-10 hours.

[0017] Furthermore, the nutrient solution in step S2 includes: 10-25 mg / L of peptone, 5-15 mg / L of beef extract, 3-7 mg / L of sodium acetate, 3-7 mg / L of ferric chloride hexahydrate, 1-3 mg / L of aluminum chloride, 0.03-0.07 mg / L of calcium chloride, 0.03-0.07 mg / L of magnesium chloride, 0.03-0.07 mg / L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.00001-0.00003 mg / L of AHLs, 5-15 mg / L of ammonium bicarbonate and 5-15 mg / L of sodium nitrate.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2, the mixing volume ratio of the activated glass pumice and the nutrient solution is 1 to 3:1.

[0019] Furthermore, the heating and stirring in step S2 is performed at a temperature of 50 to 70° C. and for a time of 8 to 16 hours.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S2, the pH is adjusted to 8.0-9.0.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the solvent in the hydrogel solution is water, and the solute includes one or more of chitosan, sodium alginate, and hyaluronic acid.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S3, the solute mass concentration in the hydrogel solution is 3-5 wt %.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S3, the volume ratio of the nutrient-loaded glass pumice to the hydrogel solution is 1:2-1:10.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S3, the glass pumice loaded with nutrients is placed in the hydrogel solution for 5 to 10 minutes.

[0025] Furthermore, the concentration of calcium ions in the calcium ion solution in step S3 is 0.005-0.02 mg / L.

[0026] Furthermore, the calcium ion solution in step S3 is a calcium chloride aqueous solution.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S3, the volume ratio of the nutrient-loaded glass pumice to the calcium ion solution is 1 to 5:1.

[0028] Furthermore, the drying in steps S1 to S3 includes natural drying, air drying or heating drying.

[0029] The invention provides a composite glass pumice material with rapid film-forming function prepared according to the method.

[0030] The composite glass pumice material with rapid biofilm formation function provided by the present invention is used in water treatment, biological filter or artificial wetland.

[0031] Furthermore, the application is: using a composite glass pumice material with rapid biofilm formation function as a biological carrier, loading microorganisms by biofilm formation to form a composite biological glass pumice; then filling the composite biological glass pumice in a fixed bed, fluidized bed bioreactor, polluted water treatment system, artificial wetland or sponge city bioretention pond, and then starting to intake water, controlling the HRT to 2-6h, the pH to 6.0-8.0, and the temperature to 20-25°C, thereby achieving the removal of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and organic matter in the influent.

[0032] Furthermore, the biofilm formation method is to place the composite glass pumice material with rapid biofilm formation function in a reactor, introduce a bacterial solution containing microorganisms into the reactor, continuously stir and mix and inoculate for 1 to 3 days, then remove the bacterial solution from the reactor, and then continuously introduce the biofilm formation culture solution into contact with the composite glass pumice material, and carry out in-situ biofilm formation culture for 1-3 days under the conditions of HRT=6 to 8h and temperature of 20 to 25°C to complete the loading.

[0033] Furthermore, the microorganisms include nitrifying microorganisms or denitrifying microorganisms.

[0034] Furthermore, the composition of the biofilm culture solution is related to the selection of microorganisms; when the microorganism is a nitrifying microorganism, the biofilm culture solution is 5-8 mg / L beef extract, 10-15 mg / L peptone, 30-40 mg / L sodium bicarbonate, 10-15 mg / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50-60 mg / L ammonium bicarbonate, 2-5 mg / L magnesium chloride, 1-3 mg / L calcium chloride, and 1-3 mg / L ferric chloride hexahydrate;

[0035] When the microorganism is a denitrifying microorganism, the biofilm culture solution is: 5-8 mg / L beef extract, 10-15 mg / L peptone, 30-40 mg / L sodium bicarbonate, 10-15 mg / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-25 mg / L sodium acetate, 50-60 mg / L sodium nitrate, 2-5 mg / L magnesium chloride, 1-3 mg / L calcium chloride, and 1-3 mg / L ferric chloride hexahydrate.

[0036] Furthermore, the filling volume ratio of the composite bioglass pumice is 10%-50%; the volume ratio is calculated by dividing the volume of the composite bioglass pumice by the total volume of the filling space.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] 1. The present invention proposes a method for preparing a new type of multi-nutrient element loaded glass pumice material by alkali thermal activation of glass pumice, hydrothermal loading of multi-nutrient substances, and finally coating and fixing with materials such as chitosan, sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid and Ca ions. This carrier modification method can improve the bioaffinity of inorganic glass pumice materials and greatly enhance their application potential.

[0039] 2. The present invention proposes a new type of glass pumice material with the function of rapid biofilm formation. By loading multiple nutrients on the glass pumice carrier, the attractiveness of the obtained biological carrier to microorganisms and the ability to induce biofilm formation are improved, providing an advantageous basis for the enrichment of microorganisms to generate biofilms inside the carrier, which can greatly accelerate the formation and stability of biofilms, shorten the startup cycle and maintenance cost of the biofilm system, and provide an effective solution to the problems of slow startup, low activity and difficult maintenance of existing biofilm technologies, and has significant application value.

[0040] 3. The preparation process involved in the present invention is simple, the materials used are cheap and easily available, and no high-energy-consuming operations such as calcination are involved. It is more economical and simple, and does not require special reaction conditions and equipment. It can be manufactured with a high degree of automation, has strong feasibility for large-scale production, and has huge market prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 From left to right are the material morphologies of original glass pumice, pre-loaded multi-nutrient glass pumice, and multi-nutrient loaded glass pumice in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 From left to right are the states of glass pumice pre-loaded with multi-nutrient substances and glass pumice loaded with multi-nutrient substances in water in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 From left to right are the original glass pumice material and the application device of the multi-nutrient loaded glass pumice in the application process of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is the COD removal effect of the present invention during continuous operation for 20 days.

[0045] Figure 5 This is the ammonia nitrogen removal effect during 20 consecutive days of operation during the application of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0047] Source of raw materials

[0048] Glass pumice was purchased from Jiangsu Jingruite Environmental Protection New Materials Co., Ltd.; peptone, beef paste, and beef extract were all purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.; unless otherwise specified, other raw materials used were common commercial products.

[0049] Active bacterial liquid: Take the sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank of Wuxi Taihu New City Wastewater Treatment Plant, sieve to remove large particles such as gravel, and continuously cycle and culture for 20 days at 25±1℃, pH 7.5.0±0.5, COD 300mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 15mg / L, total phosphorus 5mg / L, HRT 4h, HRT 50d; take the sludge mixed liquid to prepare OD 600 =1.0 was used as the active bacterial solution for implementation.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A method for preparing a composite glass pumice material with a rapid film-forming function comprises the following specific steps:

[0052] S1. Place the glass pumice material in a NaOH solution with a pH value of 9.5, fully mix with ultrasound, and then perform alkali heat activation at 80°C for 5 hours to obtain an activated glass pumice material; the dry density of the glass pumice used is: 0.4 g / cm 2 , monomer mass water holding rate: 30.5%, particle size: 10-15mm, particle size compliance rate: ≥80%.

[0053] S2. Place the activated glass pumice in a multi-nutrient solution (mixed in a volume ratio of 2:1), adjust the pH to 8.0, react at 60°C for 12 hours, then take out the glass pumice and dry it at 65°C for 1 hour to obtain a glass pumice material loaded with multi-nutrient substances; the multi-nutrient solution contains: 20 mg / L peptone, 10 mg / L beef extract, 5 mg / L sodium acetate, 5 mg / L ferric chloride hexahydrate, 2.5 mg / L aluminum chloride, 0.05 mg / L calcium chloride, 0.05 mg / L magnesium chloride, 0.5 mg / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.00001 mg / L AHL (N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone), 10 mg / L ammonium bicarbonate and 10 mg / L sodium nitrate.

[0054] S3. Place the glass pumice material loaded with multi-nutrient substances in the chitosan hydrogel solution in a volume ratio of 1:5 and stir for 5 minutes. Then add 10 mL of CaCl2 aqueous solution (concentration of 0.01 mg / L), stir for 5 minutes, take out the glass pumice and dry it at 65°C for 1 hour to obtain a composite glass pumice material. Preparation of chitosan hydrogel solution: dissolve 5 g of chitosan in 150 g of 2% w / w acetic acid and stir for 4 hours.

[0055] The morphology of the multi-nutrient loaded composite glass pumice material prepared by the above method is as follows: Figure 1As shown. It can be seen that the original glass pumice material is pure white. After the hydrothermal reaction, the glass pumice loaded with multi-nutrients presents a uniform brown color, indicating that the multi-nutrients have been uniformly adsorbed inside the glass pumice; after being wrapped and dried by chitosan, the surface of the brown glass pumice is covered with an extremely thin transparent film, indicating that the multi-nutrients have been fixed by the chitosan gel layer. The fixed multi-nutrients can be more stably attached to the glass pumice. When in an aqueous solution, the multi-nutrients therein will attract free microorganisms, produce an induced attachment effect, and provide nutrients for the microorganisms to be fixed in the glass pumice, thereby forming a biofilm and promoting the rapid formation of the biofilm in the glass pumice.

[0056] The state of the multi-nutrient loaded composite glass pumice material in water prepared by the above method is as follows: Figure 2 As shown. It can be seen that after the pre-loaded multi-nutrient glass pumice material that has not been fixed by the chitosan gel layer is put into water, the application substances contained in it are quickly released into the aqueous solution, indicating that the multi-nutrients that have not been fixed are not stable in the carrier, and the release and loss of nutrients are too fast, which cannot match the nutrient release requirements of the gradual growth of the biofilm; on the contrary, the multi-nutrient loaded glass pumice after chitosan fixation has almost no release loss in the aqueous solution for a period of time, indicating that the multi-nutrients are stably fixed in the carrier, which can better play the in-situ induction effect of the multi-nutrients, match the nutrient demand pattern formed by the biofilm in the carrier, and can promote the formation of biofilm and improve the activity of biofilm.

[0057] In addition, the glass pumice material after being loaded with multiple organic matter can still float naturally in the water, indicating that the composite glass pumice material still maintains the material properties of low density, light texture, rich voids and easy fluidization after being loaded with multiple nutrients. This is an important advantage to ensure its application in various systems such as fluidized beds and fixed beds.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] Application of a multi-organic matter loaded glass pumice material in biological filter tank for treating simulated sewage.

[0060] S1. Place the above multi-organic glass pumice material in a columnar reactor (30 cm in height and 8 cm in diameter) with a filling volume ratio of 80% and add the pre-tamed active bacterial solution (OD 600 =1.0) was introduced into the reactor, stirred and mixed continuously for 1 day, and the active bacterial liquid was removed from the reactor.

[0061] S2. Then, the biofilm culture solution is continuously introduced into the reaction column to fully contact the glass pumice, and the biofilm culture is carried out in situ for 3 days under the conditions of HRT=6h, temperature 25°C, and DO≥5mg / L, so that the composite biological glass pumice material with active biofilm can be quickly cultured. The biofilm culture solution includes: beef extract 5mg / L, peptone 10mg / L, sodium bicarbonate 30mg / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10mg / L, ammonium bicarbonate 50mg / L, magnesium chloride 2mg / L, calcium chloride 1mg / L, and ferric chloride hexahydrate 1mg / L.

[0062] S3. Introduce the simulated sewage into the reactor and conduct a continuous flow treatment experiment under the conditions of HRT = 6h, temperature 25℃, DO ≥ 5mg / L; set the water quality of the simulated sewage inlet to: COD = 350mg / L, NH4 + -N=35mg / L, pH=7.0-8.0; a control group was set up, except that the original glass pumice material was used instead of the multi-organic matter loaded glass pumice material, all other steps and operating conditions were consistent with the above.

[0063] The biofilter reactor used in the experiment is as follows Figure 3 The pollutant removal test results are as follows Figure 4 As shown. It can be seen that with multi-nutrient loaded glass pumice as a biological carrier, the reactor showed good COD removal effect on the second day of startup, and the effluent COD quickly decreased from ~300mg / L to ~50mg / L. On the third day, the effluent COD of the reactor had dropped to less than 10mg / L; in contrast, with the original glass pumice as a biological carrier, the reactor had a significant COD removal capacity only after 5d of startup, and its effluent COD concentration only reached ~10mg / L after the 12th day. Similarly, the reactor with multi-nutrient loaded glass pumice as a biological carrier also showed a faster startup rate in ammonia nitrogen removal. On the third day, the effluent ammonia nitrogen was lower than 2mg / L, while the conventional glass pumice reactor still had ~5mg / L of effluent ammonia nitrogen on the 12th day; ammonia nitrogen oxidizing bacteria have a long generation cycle, slow reproduction, and are relatively sensitive to the environment. The glass pumice material loaded with multi-nutrients can obviously promote the growth and enrichment of ammonia nitrogen oxidizing bacteria. The above results show that multi-nutrient loaded glass pumice has the function of forming biofilm faster, which can greatly shorten the startup cycle of the reactor system, and at the same time help to enrich the slow-growing functional bacteria. It has obvious advantages in actual sewage treatment and water body remediation, and has broad market prospects.

[0064] In addition, it is worth noting that although the ammonia nitrogen nitrification removal efficiency in the system is very high, the pH of the reactor system with glass pumice as the carrier is still maintained at around 8. This is because the CaO in the glass pumice material plays a role in supplementing alkalinity, which can buffer the alkalinity consumed in the ammonia nitrogen nitrification process and avoid the problem of adding alkalinity to adjust the pH during actual operation; in addition, the slow-released CaO in the glass pumice 2+ Also with PO4 2- A chemical precipitation reaction occurs to remove phosphates, and the experiment also found that it has a significant total phosphorus removal effect.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] Referring to Example 1, only the chitosan content in the chitosan solution in step S3 was adjusted to 1%, 3% and 9%, and the other preparation conditions were completely the same, and three multi-nutrient loaded glass pumice materials (respectively denoted as B1, B3, and B9) were obtained after being immobilized by chitosan hydrogel solutions of different concentrations;

[0067] The rapid biofilm formation ability and pollutant removal effect were evaluated with reference to Example 2. The results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0068] Table 1 Comparison of properties of glass pumice after immobilization with chitosan hydrogel at different concentrations

[0069]

[0070] It can be seen that the curing treatment of chitosan gel at different concentrations has a relatively large impact on the performance of glass pumice. In the B1 group with a low chitosan concentration, the pollutants increased instead of decreased on the first day of biofilm formation. This is because the low chitosan concentration leads to poor nutrient solidification effect, and the release of nutrients into the aqueous solution leads to an increase in COD. If the biofilm formation time is further extended, the pollution removal efficiency of the B1 group within 3 days is still much lower than that of the B3 group. In the B9 group with a high chitosan concentration, after 3 days of biofilm cultivation, the effluent COD and ammonia nitrogen concentrations are still much higher than those of the B3 group. It can be inferred that its biofilm starts slowly and has a low biofilm formation efficiency. This is because the chitosan concentration is too high, resulting in too many and too dense gel layers, which hinders the inward migration of microorganisms and contact with nutrients, thereby limiting the in-situ induction promotion of nutrients. Therefore, the appropriate concentration of chitosan hydrogel fixation conditions is crucial for the preparation of glass pumice materials with rapid biofilm formation performance.

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] Referring to Example 1, only the chitosan in the chitosan hydrogel solution in step S3 was adjusted to sodium alginate and hyaluronic acid, the concentration of the hydrogel solution was the same, and the other preparation conditions were completely the same, to obtain three multi-nutrient loaded glass pumice materials after being immobilized by different hydrogel solutions (chitosan was M1, sodium alginate was M2, and hyaluronic acid was M3);

[0073] The rapid biofilm formation ability and pollutant removal effect were evaluated with reference to Example 2. The results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0074] Table 2 Comparison of properties of glass pumice after immobilization with different hydrogel materials

[0075]

[0076] It can be seen that the use of different hydrogel materials has little effect on the performance of glass pumice after multi-nutrient immobilization loading. After immobilization, they can effectively promote the rapid formation of biofilm and the establishment of pollutant removal activity, indicating that this method is not limited to the use of a specific gel immobilization material. In actual application, suitable hydrogel immobilization materials can be selected according to the availability and operability of the material.

[0077] The embodiments provided above are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the steps described are not intended to limit the execution order thereof. Those skilled in the art may make obvious improvements to the present invention in combination with existing common knowledge, which also fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite glass pumice material with rapid film-forming function, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, heating the glass pumice material in an alkaline solution for pre-activation, and then taking it out and drying it to obtain activated glass pumice; S2, placing the activated glass pumice in a nutrient solution, heating and stirring, and then taking out and drying to obtain the nutrient-loaded glass pumice; S3, placing the glass pumice loaded with nutrients in a hydrogel solution, then adding a calcium ion solution to fix the nutrients in situ, and then taking out and drying, thereby obtaining a composite glass pumice material with rapid biofilm formation function; The solvent in the hydrogel solution in step S3 is water, and the solute includes one or more of chitosan, sodium alginate, and hyaluronic acid; the mass concentration of the solute in the hydrogel solution is 3-5wt%.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dry density of the glass pumice in step S1 is 0.3-0.5 g / cm 2 The monomer mass water holding rate is 30-40%, the particle size is 10-20mm, and the particle size compliance rate is ≥80%.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkali in the alkaline solution in step S1 includes one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide; the pH of the alkaline solution is 8.0-10.

0.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution in step S2 comprises: 10-25 mg / L of peptone, 5-15 mg / L of beef extract, 3-7 mg / L of sodium acetate, 3-7 mg / L of ferric chloride hexahydrate, 1-3 mg / L of aluminum chloride, 0.03-0.07 mg / L of calcium chloride, 0.03-0.07 mg / L of magnesium chloride, 0.03-0.07 mg / L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.00001-0.00003 mg / L of AHLs, 5-15 mg / L of ammonium bicarbonate and 5-15 mg / L of sodium nitrate.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the volume ratio of the nutrient-loaded glass pumice to the hydrogel solution is 1:2-1:

10.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of calcium ions in the calcium ion solution in step S3 is 0.005-0.02 mg / L; the volume ratio of the nutrient-loaded glass pumice to the calcium ion solution is 1-5:

1.

7. A composite glass light stone material with rapid film-forming function, characterized in that: The composite glass pumice material with rapid film-forming function is prepared according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. Use of the composite glass pumice material with rapid biofilm formation function described in claim 8 in water treatment, biofilter or artificial wetland.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that The application is specifically as follows: using a composite glass pumice material with rapid biofilm formation function as a biological carrier, loading microorganisms by biofilm formation to form a composite biological glass pumice; then filling the composite biological glass pumice into a fixed bed, a fluidized bed bioreactor, a polluted water treatment system, an artificial wetland or a sponge city biological retention pond, with the filling volume ratio of the composite biological glass pumice being 10%-50%, and then starting to feed water, controlling the HRT to 2-6h, the pH to 6.0-8.0, and the temperature to 20-25°C, thereby achieving the removal of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and organic matter in the influent.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that The biofilm forming method comprises placing a composite glass pumice material with a rapid biofilm forming function in a reactor, introducing a bacterial solution containing microorganisms into the reactor, continuously stirring and mixing and inoculating for 1 to 3 days, then removing the bacterial solution from the reactor, and then continuously introducing the biofilm forming culture solution into contact with the composite glass pumice material, and carrying out in-situ biofilm forming culture for 1 to 3 days under the conditions of HRT=6 to 8h and temperature of 20 to 25°C, thereby completing the loading.

Images