Multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device

Abstract

A multistage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device relates to the technical field of biogas engineering, and is characterized in that discharge ports of reaction tanks in hydrolysis areas are connected with feed ports outside reaction tanks in acidification areas in a one-to-one manner, and a plurality of feed ports are arranged outside the reaction tanks in a matrix manner, so that one reaction tank in the acidification areas can be simultaneously connected with the reaction tanks in the hydrolysis areas; the discharge ports of the reaction tanks in the acidification area are in one-to-one connection with the feed ports outside the reaction tanks in the fermentation area, so that one reaction tank in the fermentation area can be simultaneously connected to a plurality of reaction tanks in the acidification area, acidification and fermentation can realize multi-stage material sources, after fermentation is completed, the acidification process of the original reaction tanks in the acidification area does not need to be waited, multi-source feeding is realized, and the production efficiency is improved. By means of a single-source discharging mode, it is ensured that after fermentation is completed, new acidified materials can be rapidly fed, material source layering is avoided under the condition of coping with multi-source material sources, the mixing effect of multi-stage materials in the feeding process is optimized, and the biogas generation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biogas engineering, and in particular to a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device. Background Art

[0002] Multi-stage anaerobic fermentation is a process of hydrolyzing, acidifying and fermenting fermented materials in stages. Organic matter is hydrolyzed into small molecules, such as monosaccharides, amino acids and other substances, by the action of microbial extracellular enzymes. The hydrolyzed small molecules are then decomposed by acid-producing bacteria, such as acetic acid bacteria and some clostridia, to produce acetic acid and hydrogen. Finally, organic acids and soluble nitrogen-containing compounds are decomposed into ammonia, amines, carbonates, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen and hydrogen. Acetic acid is decomposed by methanogens to produce methane and carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide is reduced to methane by hydrogen.

[0003] Although the traditional multi-stage anaerobic fermentation device has improved the various stages of anaerobic fermentation by classification, such as patent CN115851414A "A multi-stage anaerobic fermentation system and anaerobic fermentation method" and patent CN 109401955A "A vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor", the separation and improvement of each stage have been completed, and the stages are connected and the materials are transported in a chain manner. However, due to the large differences in the reaction time of each stage, for example, the acidification process takes a long time, while the hydrolysis and fermentation processes are relatively rapid and take a short time, the single-chain material transportation method is used, which greatly reduces the fermentation efficiency. After the fermentation process is completed, new acidified materials cannot be added, and there are differences in the sources of materials in each stage. After mixing, stratification is likely to occur in the same fermentation device, which seriously affects the efficiency of biogas production. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and aims to provide a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device. By adopting a multi-source feeding and a single-source discharging method, it ensures that after the fermentation is completed, new acidified materials can be quickly connected, and when dealing with multiple sources of materials, material stratification can be avoided, the mixing effect of multi-stage materials during the feeding process is optimized, and the biogas production efficiency is improved.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device, comprising: a hydrolysis zone, an acidification zone, and a fermentation zone; The hydrolysis zone, acidification zone and fermentation zone are all composed of individual reaction tanks. A feed ring bin is arranged on the outside of the bottom of the reaction tank. A plurality of feed ports are arranged in a matrix on the outside of the feed ring bin. A reaction hopper is arranged inside the reaction tank. A discharge port is arranged outside the bottom of the reaction hopper and extends out of the reaction tank. An annular chamber is arranged between the reaction hopper and the reaction tank. The annular chamber is connected with the feed ring bin. A spiral lifting mechanism is installed in the annular chamber. The feed inlet of the reaction tank in the fermentation zone is connected one-to-one to the discharge outlet of the reaction tank in the acidification zone, and the feed inlet of the reaction tank in the acidification zone is connected one-to-one to the discharge outlet of the reaction tank in the hydrolysis zone.

[0006] Furthermore, a stirring rod is rotatably installed at the bottom of the reaction bucket, and the stirring rod is driven to rotate by a driving motor. An isolation ring cover is fixed to the upper part of the reaction bucket, and the inner side of the isolation ring cover is fixedly connected to the transmission box through a supporting sleeve, and the upper end of the stirring rod is rotatably installed on the transmission box.

[0007] Furthermore, the spiral lifting mechanism includes a driven ring and spiral blades. The driven ring is rotatably installed on the upper part of the annular chamber, and the spiral blades are fixed in a matrix manner on the lower part of the driven ring. A transmission shaft is rotatably installed inside the support sleeve. One end of the transmission shaft extends into the interior of the transmission box and is connected to the stirring rod through a gear. The other end of the transmission shaft extends into the interior of the isolation ring cover to drive the secondary shaft to rotate. The secondary shaft is rotatably installed in the isolation ring cover, and the lower end of the secondary shaft is connected to the driven ring through a gear.

[0008] Furthermore, a clutch frame is installed in the isolation ring cover, a push rod is installed on the clutch frame, a roller is installed on the output end of the push rod, the upper end of the secondary shaft is rotatably installed on the clutch frame, a clutch sprocket is slidably installed on the secondary shaft, a keyway is set on the secondary shaft to limit the clutch sprocket so that it can only move along the axis of the secondary shaft, and the clutch sprocket moves up along the axis of the secondary shaft to engage the gear at the end of the transmission shaft, the travel path of the push rod is parallel to the secondary shaft, the roller contacts the upper end surface of the clutch sprocket, and a pressure spring is provided between the lower end surface of the clutch sprocket and the isolation ring cover.

[0009] Furthermore, an air hole is provided on the blade of the stirring rod, a cavity is built in the stirring rod, the cavity and the air hole are connected by a guide channel, the stirring rod is installed with an air slip ring, the air inlet of the air slip ring is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the air hole is connected to the cavity inside the stirring rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a gas outlet is provided on the upper part of the reaction tank, a pressure-matching plug is movably provided inside the reaction tank, the pressure-matching plug is located on the upper part of the reaction bucket, a traction mechanism is installed on the upper part of the reaction tank, the traction end of the traction mechanism is connected to the pressure-matching plug, an exhaust port is provided on the pressure-matching plug, and the exhaust port is connected to the gas outlet through a pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the outer side of the pressure matching plug and the inner wall of the reaction tank, and a groove is formed between the upper outer ring side of the pressure matching plug and the inner wall of the reaction tank, and the groove is filled with an isolation liquid.

[0012] Furthermore, a material port is provided at the upper portion of the reaction bucket, and a check plate is rotatably installed inside the material port.

[0013] Furthermore, the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are both equipped with closing valves.

[0014] Furthermore, a maintenance chamber is arranged on the upper part of the reaction tank, and a maintenance escalator is arranged on the side of the reaction tank, and the maintenance escalator is connected to the maintenance chamber.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Through the feed ring bin with multiple feed ports on the reaction tank, as well as the spiral lifting mechanism and reaction bucket in the internal annular chamber, the reaction tanks used in different stages of anaerobic fermentation can achieve a one-to-many scenario when the lower level connects with the upper level, so as to achieve multi-source feeding and single-source discharging, optimize the stage ratio of each anaerobic fermentation, ensure that new acidified materials can be quickly connected after the fermentation is completed, and the spiral lifting mechanism first lifts the materials to the upper part of the reaction bin during the feeding process, and then drops them from the upper part of the reaction bin into the interior of the reaction bin. When multiple levels of material sources are input at the same time, it can play a role in mixing materials and improve the mixing efficiency between different material sources; A stirring rod is installed inside the reaction chamber. The stirring rod is rotated to improve the efficiency of each stage of the reaction. The stirring rod and the spiral lifting mechanism share the same driving component, so there is no need to configure a separate driving component for the spiral lifting mechanism, which reduces costs. The push rod pushes the roller to press the clutch gear plate to control the connection between the clutch gear plate and the transmission shaft, thereby realizing the power separation between the transmission shaft and the spiral lifting mechanism, and avoiding the continuous load of the driving component on the spiral lifting mechanism. The pressure-matching plug arranged inside the reaction tank is lifted or lowered by a traction mechanism. When the air pressure in the reaction tank is high, the traction mechanism is used to pull the pressure-matching plug upward to reduce the pressure inside the tank. When the air pressure inside the reaction tank is low, the pressure-matching plug is pressed down by its own weight to increase the pressure inside the tank, thereby maintaining a stable pressure inside the reaction tank. Under stable pressure conditions, the survival of anaerobic microorganisms in the reaction tank can be better promoted, which is beneficial to increasing biogas production.

[0016] The reaction tank is provided with an inspection compartment and an inspection escalator, which facilitate access to the upper part of the reaction tank and facilitate inspection and maintenance of the reaction tank and the pressure plug. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the multi-link structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the structural diagram of the reaction tank of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the reaction tank of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the spiral lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of part D in the middle; Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the reaction bucket of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of part E in the middle; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the stirring rod and the transmission box of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: A, hydrolysis zone, B, acidification zone, C, fermentation zone, A01, hydrolysis tank, B01, acidification tank, C01, fermentation tank, 1, reaction tank, 101, feeding ring bin, 102, feeding port, 103, reaction bucket, 104, annular chamber, 105, discharge port, 20, spiral lifting mechanism, 201, driven ring, 202, spiral blade, 203, transmission shaft, 204, secondary shaft, 2001, clutch frame, 2002, push rod, 2003, roller, 2004, clutch gear plate, 2005 , pressure spring, 30, stirring rod, 301, blade, 302, air hole, 303, guide channel, 304, air slip ring, 305, air inlet pipe, 306, power shaft, 307, stirring sleeve, 40, isolation ring cover, 50, transmission box, 60, support sleeve, 601, air outlet, 602, pressure plug, 603, traction mechanism, 604, exhaust port, 701, sealing rubber ring, 702, groove, 703, check plate, 704, closing valve, 705, maintenance compartment, 706, maintenance escalator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below with reference to specific diagrams.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown; a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device, comprising: a hydrolysis zone A, an acidification zone B, and a fermentation zone C; The hydrolysis zone A, the acidification zone B, and the fermentation zone C are all composed of individual reaction tanks 1. The reaction tank 1 is in a cylindrical barrel structure as a whole. A feed ring bin 101 is arranged on the outside of the bottom of the reaction tank 1. A plurality of feed ports 102 are arranged in a matrix on the outside of the feed ring bin 101, and are arranged in a matrix at intervals of 60 degrees and 180 degrees as shown in the figure. A reaction bucket 103 is arranged inside the reaction tank 1. A discharge port 105 is arranged outside the bottom of the reaction bucket 103 and extends out of the reaction tank 1. An annular chamber 104 is arranged between the reaction bucket 103 and the reaction tank 1. The annular chamber 104 is connected to the feed ring bin 101, and a spiral lifting mechanism 20 is installed in the annular chamber 104. The feed port of the reaction tank in the fermentation zone C is connected one-to-one to the discharge port of the reaction tank in the acidification zone B, and the feed port of the reaction tank in the acidification zone B is connected one-to-one to the discharge port of the reaction tank in the hydrolysis zone A; the materials can be transported between the reaction tanks in different zones through a spiral feeding device; The reaction tanks in the hydrolysis zone A, acidification zone B, and fermentation zone C are classified according to the reaction types in each stage, namely, hydrolysis tank A01, acidification tank B01, and fermentation tank C01. In the single-link mode, only one reaction tank can be configured in the hydrolysis zone A, acidification zone B, and fermentation zone C. By connecting the discharge port of the hydrolysis tank A01 in the hydrolysis zone A with the feed port of the acidification tank B01 in the acidification zone B, and the discharge port of the acidification tank B02 in the acidification zone B with the feed port of the fermentation tank C01 in the fermentation zone C to form a single link, the hierarchical production process of anaerobic fermentation can be realized. On this basis, multi-link mode configuration is supported. By configuring multiple hydrolysis tanks in the hydrolysis zone A A01, set at least two, acidification zone B is equipped with multiple acidification tanks B01, set at least two, and in the figure, it is demonstrated as 3 acidification tanks, fermentation zone C is equipped with at least one fermentation tank C01, multiple hydrolysis tanks A01 in hydrolysis zone A are divided into three groups, and the discharge ports of the three hydrolysis tanks A01 in the same group are connected to one of the acidification tanks B01 in the acidification zone B through a spiral feeding device, and the hydrolysis tank A01 corresponds to the feed port on the acidification tank B01 one by one, and the discharge ports of the three acidification tanks B01 are connected to the feed port of the fermentation tank C01 through a spiral feeding device, and the acidification tank B01 corresponds to the feed port on the fermentation tank C01 one by one; In the multi-link configuration, the feed of the fermentation tank C01 is not limited to the material input of one acidification tank B01, but can receive the materials input from multiple acidification tanks B01 at the same time. The connected acidification tank B01 can also provide raw materials for the fermentation tank C01 in batches. Similarly, the source of materials in the acidification tank B01 is also multi-sourced, and it can receive the materials input from multiple hydrolysis tanks A01 at the same time. After the fermentation is completed, there is no need to wait for the acidification process of the original acidification tank B01 in the acidification zone B, and the material can be continuously introduced and injected from other acidification tanks B01 connected to the acidification zone B. The acidification and fermentation stages can achieve multi-source feeding and single-source discharge. The method ensures that new acidified materials can be quickly connected after the fermentation is completed, and because the reactor 1 is provided with a feed ring bin 101 and a spiral lifting mechanism 20, even when materials from multiple sources are simultaneously input from the feed port 102, the materials from multiple sources can be premixed in the feed ring bin 101, and driven by the lifting of the spiral lifting mechanism 20, the flow of materials is accelerated to ensure that the materials can be fully mixed when entering the reactor hopper 103, to ensure that material stratification is avoided when dealing with multiple material sources, to optimize the mixing effect of multiple material sources during the feeding process, and to improve the efficiency of biogas production.

[0021] Example 2 On the basis of Example 1, after the materials enter the reaction tanks in each zone, the materials entering the reaction bucket 103 are prone to sedimentation due to the reaction time which often takes a long time, resulting in uneven distribution of anaerobic microorganisms or organic matter in each part, which in turn affects the reaction efficiency. In order to solve the above problem, Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, a stirring rod 30 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the reaction bucket 103, and the stirring rod 30 is driven to rotate by a driving motor. An isolation ring cover 40 is fixed on the upper part of the reaction bucket 103. The inner side of the isolation ring cover 40 is fixedly connected to the transmission box 50 through a supporting sleeve 60, and the upper end of the stirring rod 30 is rotatably installed on the transmission box 50; after the material enters the reaction bucket 103, the stirring rod 30 can continue to stir the material, thereby avoiding the sedimentation of the material inside the reaction bucket 103, preventing uneven distribution of microorganisms or organic matter, and improving the reaction efficiency.

[0022] like Figure 4As shown, the spiral lifting mechanism 20 includes a driven ring 201 and a spiral blade 202. The driven ring 201 is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the annular chamber 104, and the spiral blade 202 is fixed in a matrix manner on the lower part of the driven ring 201. A transmission shaft 203 is rotatably mounted inside the support sleeve 60. One end of the transmission shaft 203 extends into the transmission box 50. The transmission shaft 203 is connected to the stirring rod 30 through a gear. The other end of the transmission shaft 203 extends into the isolation ring cover 40 to drive the secondary shaft 204 to rotate. The transmission shaft 203 and the secondary shaft 204 can be directly connected to each other using gears for transmission, or can be connected with a gearbox. The input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the transmission shaft 203, and the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the secondary shaft 204 for transmission through gears. The secondary shaft 204 is rotatably mounted in the isolation ring cover 40, and the lower end of the secondary shaft 204 is connected to the driven ring 201 through gears. The driving motor drives the stirring rod 30 to rotate, and the stirring rod 30 drives the secondary shaft 204 to rotate through the transmission shaft 203. The secondary shaft 204 drives the driven ring 201 to rotate in the annular chamber 104 through the meshing of the output wheel. When the driven ring 201 rotates, it drives the spiral blade 202 to move in the annular chamber 104. The material enters the middle feed ring bin 101 from the feed port 102 and is pre-mixed. The feed ring bin 101 is connected with the annular chamber 104, so that the material in the feed ring bin 101 can flow into the annular chamber 104. Due to the movement of the spiral blade 202 in the annular chamber 104, the material is pushed to move upward. During the lifting process, the material is further mixed. When the material is lifted to the upper part of the reaction bucket 103, it flows from the upper part of the reaction bucket 103 along the inner wall of the reaction bucket 103 into the reaction bucket 103. In this step-down treatment, the gas in the material is dispersed, and the contact efficiency of hydrogen in the material with carbon dioxide is improved.

[0023] Example 3 On the basis of Example 2, the operation of the spiral lifting mechanism 20 is powered by the stirring rod 30. Since they share the same driving source, the two cannot be separated to work. When feeding is not required, the spiral lifting mechanism does not work. However, when the stirring rod 30 continues to stir, it is impossible to deal with this working scenario. In order to solve the above technical problems, Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, a clutch frame 2001 is installed in the isolation ring cover 40, a push rod 2002 is installed on the clutch frame 2001, the clutch frame 2001 supports the push rod 2002, a roller 2003 is installed at the output end of the push rod 2002, the upper end of the secondary shaft 204 is rotatably installed on the clutch frame 2001, a clutch toothed disc 2004 is slidably installed on the secondary shaft 204, a keyway is set on the secondary shaft 204 to limit the clutch toothed disc 2004 to only move along the axis direction of the secondary shaft 204, and the clutch toothed disc 2004 moves along the axis direction of the secondary shaft 204. The secondary shaft 204 moves upward in the axial direction to mesh with the gear at the end of the transmission shaft 203. The travel path of the push rod 2002 is parallel to the secondary shaft 204. The roller 2003 contacts the upper end surface of the clutch sprocket 2004. A pressure spring 2005 is provided between the lower end surface of the clutch sprocket 2004 and the isolation ring cover 40. The roller 2003 contacts the clutch sprocket 2004. When the clutch sprocket 2004 rotates, the push rod 2002 is prevented from directly contacting the clutch sprocket 2004, thereby reducing the rotation resistance of the clutch sprocket 2004. During the feeding stage, the clutch toothed disc 2004 is pressed upward by the pressing spring 2005, so that the clutch toothed disc 2004 is meshed with the gear at the end of the transmission shaft 203. The rotation of the transmission shaft 203 drives the clutch toothed disc 2004 to rotate. Due to the keyway constraint between the clutch toothed disc 2004 and the secondary shaft 204, the clutch toothed disc 2004 and the secondary shaft 204 rotate at the same time. When the secondary shaft 204 rotates, it drives the driven ring 201 in the spiral lifting mechanism 20 to rotate, thereby realizing the lifting and feeding of the material in the annular chamber 104. During the non-feeding stage, the push rod 2002 pushes the roller downward to push The clutch gear disc 2004 is pressed to separate the clutch gear disc 2004 from the gear at the end of the transmission shaft 203. When the transmission shaft 203 rotates, the clutch gear disc 2004 will not be driven to rotate. At this time, the stirring rod 30 can still continue to work, while the spiral lifting mechanism 20 will stop working and suspend feeding because it has no power source from the transmission shaft 203. On the whole, it can ensure that the spiral lifting mechanism 20 and the stirring rod 30 share the same driving source, and can also ensure that the spiral lifting mechanism 20 is powered and separated from the stirring rod 30, so as to avoid excessive power load in the non-feeding stage.

[0024] Example 4 On the basis of Example 2, when the material is in the fermentation stage, one is to rely on the methane bacteria to decompose acetic acid to produce biogas, and the other is to generate biogas through the reduction reaction between hydrogen and carbon dioxide. In the entire anaerobic fermentation process, the stage in which the amount of hydrogen and carbon dioxide is relatively large is the hydrolysis and acidification process. Since the various stages of anaerobic fermentation are separated, the hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced in the hydrolysis and acidification process cannot be effectively utilized. In order to solve the above problem, Figure 6 , Figure 8As shown, an air hole 302 is provided on the blade 301 of the stirring rod 30, and a one-way valve can be provided in the air hole 302 to prevent gas backflow. The stirring rod 30 has an internal air hole 302, and the cavity and the air hole 302 are connected through a guide channel 303. The stirring rod 30 is installed with an air slip ring 304, and the air inlet of the air slip ring 304 is connected to the air inlet pipe 305, and the air hole 302 is connected to the cavity inside the stirring rod 30; The stirring rod 30 includes a power shaft 306 and a stirring sleeve 307. A cavity is provided in the stirring sleeve 307. The flow guide 303 on the blade 301 is connected to the cavity on the stirring sleeve 307. The stirring sleeve 307 is rotatably installed between the transmission box 50 and the bottom of the reaction bucket 103. The power shaft 306 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor and is directly driven to rotate by the driving motor. The power shaft 306 and the stirring sleeve 307 are driven to rotate by a planetary gear transmission. The upper end of the driving shaft extends into the transmission box 50 and is connected to the transmission shaft 203 through a gear. The gases generated by the reaction tanks in the hydrolysis zone A and the acidification zone B are connected to the air inlet pipe 305 through a pipeline, so that the hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated by the hydrolysis and acidification can flow into the material from the cavity in the stirring rod 30 and the air holes 302 on the blades 301. Since the stirring blades are deeply buried in the material, the gas can fully combine with the hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the material after entering the material, thereby improving the reaction efficiency between the two and effectively utilizing the gas generated in the hydrolysis and acidification. Furthermore, through the injection of gas, the tank body can be pressurized to a certain extent under the negative pressure of the reaction tank to avoid the fermentation environment pressure being too low.

[0025] Example 5 On the basis of Example 1, in each stage of anaerobic fermentation, the pressure of the fermentation environment has a great influence on the activity of microorganisms. In daily processing, when the pressure in the fermentation tank is high, personnel are required to exhaust the fermentation tank in time, and when the pressure in the fermentation tank is low, personnel are required to replenish the fermentation tank in time. The process of exhausting and replenishing is relatively slow and time-consuming. When replenishing, if the replenished gas is mixed with oxygen, it will affect the final effect of anaerobic fermentation. In order to solve the above problems, Figure 3 As shown, an air outlet 601 is provided on the upper part of the reaction tank 1, and a pressure-matching plug 602 is movably provided inside the reaction tank 1, and the pressure-matching plug 602 is located on the upper part of the reaction bucket 103. A traction mechanism 603 is installed on the upper part of the reaction tank 1, and the traction mechanism 603 provides power for the traction motor to reel in the traction steel cable, and pulls the pressure-matching plug 602 to rise and fall. The traction end of the traction mechanism 603 is connected to the pressure-matching plug 602, and an exhaust port 604 is provided on the pressure-matching plug 602, and the exhaust port 604 is connected to the air outlet 601 through a pipeline. The reaction of each stage is in the reaction space formed between the pressure-matching plug 602 and the reaction bucket 103; When the gas pressure in the reaction bucket 103 is high, it is only necessary to pull the pressure-matching plug 602 upward through the traction mechanism 603 to increase the reaction space, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the pressure. When the gas pressure in the reaction bucket 103 is low, the pressure-matching plug 602 is lowered through the traction mechanism 603. Under the action of its own gravity, the pressure-matching plug 602 moves downward to squeeze the reaction space, thereby increasing the pressure in the reaction space. The pressure-raising and pressure-reducing processes do not require the operation of adding or removing gas from the reaction tank 1, thereby avoiding external gas pollution. Moreover, the pressure in the reaction space can be changed only by raising and lowering the pressure-matching plug 602. Since the size of the reaction space is changed by the movement of the pressure-matching plug 602, the pressure is maintained, which is also conducive to the stability of the gas output rate of the reaction tank. A sealing rubber ring 701 is arranged between the outer side of the pressure-matching plug 602 and the inner wall of the reaction tank 1 to improve the sealing performance between the pressure-matching plug 602 and the reaction tank 1. A groove 702 is formed between the outer ring side of the upper part of the pressure-matching plug 602 and the inner wall of the reaction tank 1. The groove 702 is filled with an isolation liquid. The isolation liquid can be a hydrate solution, such as a hydrate promoter solvent (a mixture of promoter and water, such as a mixed aqueous solution composed of cyclopentane, sodium dodecyl sulfate and water). Firstly, it can be observed whether the sealing rubber ring 701 is leaking, and secondly, it can absorb a certain amount of methane in the leaked gas, thereby increasing the safety performance; like Figure 7 As shown, a material port is provided at the top of the reaction bucket 103, and the material lifted by the spiral lifting mechanism 20 enters the reaction bucket 103 through the material port, and a check plate 703 is rotatably installed inside the material port. The check plate 703 is hinged with the reaction bucket 103, and a torsion spring can be used to apply pressure to the check plate 703. When the material is loaded, the check plate 703 is closed to seal the material port to prevent the material in the reaction bucket 103 from flowing back. like Figure 3 As shown, the feed port 102 and the discharge port are both equipped with a closing valve 704. When the anaerobic fermentation reaction is performed at each stage, the closing valve 704 is closed to prevent the material from flowing back or leaking after the reaction tank 1 is pressurized. like Figure 2 As shown, a maintenance chamber 705 is provided on the upper part of the reaction tank 1, and a maintenance escalator 706 is provided on the side of the reaction tank 1. The maintenance escalator 706 is connected to the maintenance chamber 705. The maintenance personnel can climb to the top of the reaction tank 1 through the maintenance escalator 706 and the maintenance chamber 705 to observe the working status of the pressure plug 602.

[0026] Example 6 On the basis of Example 4, the gas generated by hydrolysis and acidification is injected into the fermentation reaction tank to improve the utilization rate of the gas generated by hydrolysis and acidification. However, this method will inevitably lead to an increase in the pressure in the reaction tank during the fermentation stage, and the rate of gas generation by hydrolysis and acidification is not completely stable, so it is not convenient to adjust the pressure of the reaction tank during the fermentation stage, and the above-mentioned problems are not solved. Figure 3 As shown, an air outlet 601 is provided on the upper part of the reaction tank 1, and a pressure-matching plug 602 is movably provided inside the reaction tank 1, and the pressure-matching plug 602 is located on the upper part of the reaction bucket 103. A traction mechanism 603 is installed on the upper part of the reaction tank 1, and the traction mechanism 603 provides power for the traction motor to reel in the traction steel cable, and pulls the pressure-matching plug 602 to rise and fall. The traction end of the traction mechanism 603 is connected to the pressure-matching plug 602, and an exhaust port 604 is provided on the pressure-matching plug 602, and the exhaust port 604 is connected to the air outlet 601 through a pipeline. The reaction of each stage is in the reaction space formed between the pressure-matching plug 602 and the reaction bucket 103; When the gas produced by hydrolysis and acidification is input into the air inlet pipe through the pipeline, Figure 6 , Figure 8 As shown, the gas enters the reaction space through the cavity in the stirring sleeve 307, the guide channel 303 and the air hole 302. When the gas input is large, the pressure-matching plug 602 can be pulled up by the traction mechanism to reduce the pressure in the reaction space, so as to facilitate the pressure regulation operation of the reaction tank in the fermentation stage, and is not affected by the amount of gas input by hydrolysis and acidification. When the gas input is large, it is only necessary to increase the upward stroke of the pressure-matching plug 602. When the gas input is small, it is sufficient to reduce the upward stroke of the pressure-matching plug 602. In the entire anaerobic fermentation process, it can not only improve the utilization rate of the gas generated by hydrolysis and acidification, but also ensure the stability of the pressure in the reaction tank of the fermentation stage reaction after the gas input, and concentrate the unreacted hydrogen, carbon dioxide and methane in the gas generated in the hydrolysis and acidification stages into the fermentation stage, and discharge the biogas from the exhaust port of the reaction tank in the fermentation stage, thereby increasing the concentration of the discharged biogas, and enabling the unreacted hydrogen and carbon dioxide to continue to react in the fermentation stage, thereby increasing the reaction rate and optimizing the gas production efficiency.

[0027] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device, characterized in that: include: Hydrolysis zone, acidification zone, fermentation zone; The hydrolysis zone, acidification zone and fermentation zone are all composed of individual reaction tanks. A feed ring bin is arranged on the outside of the bottom of the reaction tank. A plurality of feed ports are arranged in a matrix on the outside of the feed ring bin. A reaction hopper is arranged inside the reaction tank. A discharge port is arranged outside the bottom of the reaction hopper and extends out of the reaction tank. An annular chamber is arranged between the reaction hopper and the reaction tank. The annular chamber is connected with the feed ring bin. A spiral lifting mechanism is installed in the annular chamber. The feed inlet of the reaction tank in the fermentation zone is connected one-to-one to the discharge outlet of the reaction tank in the acidification zone, and the feed inlet of the reaction tank in the acidification zone is connected one-to-one to the discharge outlet of the reaction tank in the hydrolysis zone.

2. A multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stirring rod is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the reaction bucket, and the stirring rod is driven to rotate by a driving motor. An isolation ring cover is fixed on the upper part of the reaction bucket, and the inner side of the isolation ring cover is fixedly connected to a transmission box through a supporting sleeve, and the upper end of the stirring rod is rotatably mounted on the transmission box.

3. A multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spiral lifting mechanism includes a driven ring, spiral blades, and a secondary shaft. The driven ring is rotatably installed on the upper part of the annular chamber, and the spiral blades are fixed in a matrix manner on the lower part of the driven ring. A transmission shaft is rotatably installed inside the support sleeve. One end of the transmission shaft extends into the interior of the transmission box and is connected to the stirring rod through a gear. The other end of the transmission shaft extends into the interior of the isolation ring cover to drive the secondary shaft to rotate. The secondary shaft is rotatably installed in the isolation ring cover, and the lower end of the secondary shaft is connected to the driven ring through a gear.

4. A multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A clutch frame is installed in the isolation ring cover, a push rod is installed on the clutch frame, a roller is fixed to the output end of the push rod, the upper end of the secondary shaft is rotatably installed on the clutch frame, a clutch sprocket is slidably installed on the secondary shaft, a keyway is set on the secondary shaft to limit the clutch sprocket so that it can only move along the axis of the secondary shaft, and the clutch sprocket can move up along the axis of the secondary shaft to engage the gear at the end of the transmission shaft, the travel path of the push rod is parallel to the secondary shaft, the roller contacts the upper end face of the clutch sprocket, and a pressure spring is set between the lower end face of the clutch sprocket and the isolation ring cover.

5. The multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blades of the stirring rod are provided with air holes, the stirring rod is provided with a cavity, the cavity and the air hole are connected by a guide channel, the stirring rod is installed with an air slip ring, the air inlet of the air slip ring is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the air hole is connected to the cavity inside the stirring rod.

6. The multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the reaction tank is provided with an air outlet, a pressure-matching plug is movably provided inside the reaction tank, the pressure-matching plug is located at the upper part of the reaction bucket, a traction mechanism is installed at the upper part of the reaction tank, the traction end of the traction mechanism is connected to the pressure-matching plug, an exhaust port is provided on the pressure-matching plug, and the exhaust port is connected to the air outlet through a pipeline.

7. The multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing rubber ring is arranged between the outer side of the pressure matching plug and the inner wall of the reaction tank, and a groove is formed between the outer ring side of the upper part of the pressure matching plug and the inner wall of the reaction tank, and the groove is filled with an isolation liquid.

8. The multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material opening is arranged on the upper part of the reaction bucket, and a check plate is rotatably installed inside the material opening.

9. The multi-stage anaerobic fermentation biogas production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed inlet and the discharge outlet are both equipped with closing valves.

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