Bionic scale fabric, weaving method, composite material and preparation method of composite material

Abstract

The invention relates to bionic scale fabric, a weaving method, a composite material and a preparation method of the composite material, and belongs to the technical field of bionic textile materials.The bionic scale composite material comprises the bionic scale fabric, a first flexible material layer and a second hard material layer, and at least part of the first flexible material layer is formed on the surface of a body unit of the bionic scale fabric; the second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surfaces of the bionic scale units of the bionic scale fabric. The high-speed impact resistance of the bionic scale composite material can be improved, meanwhile, the bending performance, wearing comfort and flexibility of the bionic scale composite material are improved, a new thought and a new direction are provided for structural innovation and product development of scale-shaped fabric, and the bionic scale composite material has wide technical prospects and market application potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bionic textile materials, and in particular relates to a bionic scale fabric and a weaving method, a composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Since the advent of firearms such as guns, international conflicts, anti-terrorism and drug enforcement operations have put forward higher requirements for personal protective equipment. As the most commonly used personal protective equipment, bulletproof vests have been a research hotspot since their birth. Bulletproof vests are mainly divided into hard material bulletproof vests and soft material bulletproof vests. Among them, soft material bulletproof vests are popular because of their soft texture and comfortable wearing. In order to achieve the required protection effect, soft material bulletproof vests are mostly made of high-performance fiber materials such as nylon, aromatic polyamide synthetic fibers, and ultra-high molecular polyethylene. They are usually composited by non-woven fabric laying. However, this method will inevitably increase weight, reduce flexibility, and limit the wearer's initiative.

[0003] In nature, people have found that pangolins, fish and other organisms have hard and flexible scales on their surfaces, which has inspired protective equipment. People make resins, metals, ceramics and other materials into scales, and compound the scales on the substrate through 3D printing, splicing, adhesion, sewing and other methods. However, due to technical problems such as the difficulty of bending and easy detachment of scales during use, and the poor bendability of spliced ​​scale materials, the protective weaknesses have caused the impact resistance of protective equipment to decrease, and the protective loopholes and size cannot be controlled.

[0004] Textile materials have the advantages of good structural designability, diverse raw materials, softness and toughness, and are suitable for special structural protective materials. Scaly textiles can fully utilize the flexibility and comfort of textile materials while improving impact resistance, and can effectively reduce the weight of protective equipment. However, the current research on scaly textiles is not in-depth, the structural parameters and preparation process of scaly textiles are not clear, and the impact performance and damage mechanism of scaly textiles are relatively incomplete. With the cross-integration of multiple disciplines, the application of scaly textiles in the field of impact protection has a bright future. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a bionic scale fabric and a weaving method, a composite material and a preparation method thereof, aiming to partially or completely solve the technical problems in the existing field of protective equipment technology, improve the impact resistance and wearing flexibility of the bionic scale fabric, and reduce the weight and number of layers of the bionic scale fabric. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a bionic scale fabric comprises: a main body unit, a connecting unit and a bionic scale unit, wherein the main body unit is connected to the bionic scale unit via the connecting unit, the bionic scale unit can be close to or away from the main body unit, and along a second direction, the bionic scale unit comprises N first bionic scale unit rows and M second bionic scale unit rows, and along the second direction, the i-th first bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i-th second bionic scale unit row, and the i-th second bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i+1-th On a bionic scale unit row, where i=1, 2, ..., M, N=M or N=M+1; along the first direction, each first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; each second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; along the first direction, the center lines of the first bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction and the center lines of the second bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction are alternately arranged, P=Q+1, P is a positive integer, Q is a positive integer, N is a positive integer, and M is a positive integer.

[0007] Optionally, the raw materials of the bionic scale fabric include yarn, the material of the yarn includes but is not limited to one or more of aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, basalt fiber, carbon fiber, and silicon carbide fiber, and the diameter range of the yarn is: 200D-2000D; the bionic scale unit includes a 1+1 rib structure, and the main body unit includes a rib spacer needle structure.

[0008] Optionally, along the third direction, the heights of the P first bionic scale sub-units are not completely the same, the heights of the Q second bionic scale sub-units are not completely the same, the first bionic scale sub-unit includes a first arc-shaped portion, a first scale main body and a first scale tail, the first arc-shaped portion, the first scale main body and the first scale tail are connected as one, the second bionic scale sub-unit includes a second arc-shaped portion, a second scale main body and a second scale tail, the second arc-shaped portion, the second scale main body and the second scale tail are connected as one, and the main body unit has a rectangular or square structure.

[0009] In a second aspect, a method for weaving a bionic scale fabric is provided, for preparing a bionic scale fabric as described in any one of the first aspects, comprising:

[0010] Step S100: weaving a part of the main body unit to weave the Mth second bionic scale unit row; or weaving a part of the main body unit to weave the Nth first bionic scale unit row;

[0011] Step S200: After the Mth second bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue to knit the main body unit portion to knit the Nth first bionic scale unit row; or, after the Nth first bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue to knit the main body unit portion to knit the Mth second bionic scale unit row;

[0012] Step S300: Repeating step S100 and step S200 multiple times along the second direction and the first direction until the first second bionic scale unit row and the first first bionic scale unit row are woven completely to obtain a bionic scale fabric.

[0013] In a third aspect, a bionic scale composite material is provided, using any bionic scale fabric described in the first aspect, comprising: a first flexible material layer and a second hard material layer, wherein the first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit, and the second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit, and the material of the first flexible material layer includes but is not limited to one or more of rubber, silicone, and shear thickening materials, and the material of the second hard material layer includes but is not limited to one or more of epoxy resin, hard particles, metal, and ceramic powder.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, a method for preparing a bionic flake composite material is provided, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step S10 includes: weaving a bionic scale fabric;

[0016] Step S20 includes: a first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit; and a second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

[0017] Optionally, in step S10, the bionic scale fabric is woven using the bionic scale fabric weaving method described in the second aspect.

[0018] Optionally, step S20 includes:

[0019] Step S20A: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to form a first flexible material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the body unit, so as to form a first flexible material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the body unit;

[0020] Step S20B: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to at least partially form the material of the second hard material layer on the surface of the bionic scale unit to form a second hard material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

[0021] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) In the present application, high-performance fibers are used for preparation, and the problem of high-performance yarns not being smoothly woven by machines is overcome by optimizing and adjusting the weaving process. The bionic scale fabric is designed by a flexible arrangement method, and the density, size, unit area weight, size of the scale sub-units, etc. of the bionic scale fabric can be flexibly adjusted, thereby achieving a balance between mechanical properties, flexibility, fit and multifunctional adaptability, and being able to meet high-performance requirements under different environments and needs, and having broad application prospects.

[0023] (2) In the present application, by combining the bionic scale unit with the composite material layer, different from the reinforcement treatment method of the planar structure, the two material layers are combined with the bionic scale fabric structure. Structurally, the ingenious connection between the bionic scale unit and the main body unit and the arrangement of the scales, combined with the flexibility of the first flexible material layer and the rigidity of the second hard material layer, enable the bionic scale composite material to enhance the high-speed impact resistance while greatly improving the fabric's bendability, wearing comfort and flexibility; in terms of protective performance, when impacted by external force, the hard scale layer can disperse and resist the impact force, while the flexible main body layer can buffer the remaining energy and avoid damage caused by local stress concentration; in terms of appearance, it can have the texture and decorativeness of bionic scales, and can meet the actual needs of comfort and adaptability, and can be widely used in fashion apparel, high-performance sports equipment, military protection, building material decoration and other fields, providing new ideas and directions for structural innovation and product development of scale-like fabrics, and has broad technical prospects and market application potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bionic scale fabric applied for by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bionic scale fabric applied for by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the main body unit of the present invention connected to the bionic scale unit through the connecting unit Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the main body unit of the present invention connected to the bionic scale unit through the connecting unit Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a process for weaving a bionic scale fabric according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the weaving method of the main body unit of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the weaving method of the bionic scale unit applied for in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the needle turning operation of the connection unit of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 This is a flow chart of a method for preparing a bionic flake composite material applied for by the present invention.

[0034] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments; based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The numerical ranges all include the values ​​of the endpoints (for example, the numerical range 60-70 is understood to include the endpoint values ​​60 and 70). In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the implementation methods of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, in the first aspect, a bionic scale fabric comprises: a main body unit, a connecting unit and a bionic scale unit, the main body unit is connected to the bionic scale unit through the connecting unit, the bionic scale unit can be close to the main body unit or away from the main body unit, along the second direction, the bionic scale unit comprises N first bionic scale unit rows and M second bionic scale unit rows, along the second direction, the i-th first bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i-th second bionic scale unit row, and the i-th second bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i+1-th On the first bionic scale unit row, where i=1, 2, ..., M, N=M or N=M+1; along the first direction, each first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; each second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; along the first direction, the center lines of the first bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction and the center lines of the second bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction are arranged alternately, P=Q+1, P is a positive integer, Q is a positive integer, N is a positive integer, and M is a positive integer.

[0038] In some examples, the first direction may be the X direction, that is, it may be the arrangement direction of P first bionic scale sub-units or the arrangement direction of Q second bionic scale sub-units, the second direction may be the Y direction, that is, it may be the arrangement direction of N first bionic scale unit rows or the arrangement direction of M second bionic scale unit rows, and the third direction may be the Z direction. The first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z intersect with each other, and the third direction Z may be the direction perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction X and the second direction Y, that is, the thickness direction of the bionic scale fabric.

[0039] In the present application, it should be understood that the bionic scale fabric 10 draws on the unique arrangement of the scale structure in nature. The distribution of the bionic scale units along the second direction includes N first bionic scale unit rows and M second bionic scale unit rows, and the overlapping design realizes the complementary coverage between the upper and lower scale units. Specifically, the i-th first bionic scale unit row at least partially corresponds to the i-th second bionic scale unit row, and the i-th second bionic scale unit row at least partially corresponds to the i+1-th first bionic scale unit row. This upper and lower overlapping layout structure design not only enhances the overall stability of the bionic scale fabric, but also improves the tensile strength of the bionic scale fabric. The alternating overlapping arrangement can effectively disperse the external force and has good impact protection and mechanical properties.

[0040] In the present application, it should also be understood that the first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units 100 arranged in sequence, and the second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units 200. Along the first direction, the center lines of the first bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction are alternately arranged, ensuring a higher coverage rate of the scale units and a tighter arrangement of the overall structure. By setting P=Q+1 (where P and Q are positive integers), the bionic scale fabric improves the protective ability or impact resistance during use while achieving high structural uniformity.

[0041] In the present application, it should also be understood that the bionic scale fabric can show unique advantages in different scenarios. The bionic scale subunit can be close to the main unit or far away from the main unit 300, and the angle between the two relative to the fish hole ranges from 0 to 180 degrees. When the bionic scale unit is close to the main unit, it can be tightly covered to improve protection and heat insulation; when it is far away from the main unit, the fabric structure can show good ventilation and heat dissipation, so as to adapt to complex and changing usage requirements. This flexibility of function switching makes it have a wide range of application potential in the fields of smart clothing, sports equipment and protective materials.

[0042] Therefore, in the bionic scale fabric applied for in the present invention, the bionic scale fabric is designed through a flexible arrangement method, and the density, size, grammage per unit area, size of the scale sub-units, etc. of the bionic scale fabric can be flexibly adjusted, thereby achieving a balance between mechanical properties, flexibility, fit and multifunctional adaptability, and can meet high performance requirements under different environments and needs, and has broad application prospects.

[0043] Optionally, the raw materials of the bionic scale fabric include yarn, the material of the yarn includes but is not limited to one or more of aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, basalt fiber, carbon fiber, and silicon carbide fiber, and the diameter range of the yarn is: 200D-2000D; the bionic scale unit includes a 1+1 rib structure, and the main body unit includes a rib spacer needle structure.

[0044] In some embodiments, the raw yarn is made of high-performance materials such as aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, basalt fiber, carbon fiber, silicon carbide fiber, etc. These fibers have excellent strength, heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. For example, aramid fiber has excellent high temperature resistance and impact resistance, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber has extremely high tensile strength and low density, and basalt fiber has excellent fire resistance and corrosion resistance. Through reasonable material selection, the fabric can meet the use requirements in extreme environments, such as high-strength protection, fire prevention and impact resistance.

[0045] In some embodiments, the yarn diameter range is set to 200D-2000D, which can not only ensure that the fabric has high strength and durability, but also maintain good softness and wearability. Finer yarns (such as 200D) are suitable for lightweight fabrics and provide a comfortable touch, while thicker yarns (such as 2000D) enhance the thickness and structural stability of the fabric and are suitable for higher strength application scenarios.

[0046] In some embodiments, the bionic scale unit adopts 1+1 ribbed tissue, which has the characteristics of good elasticity and strong three-dimensional sense, and can enhance the flexibility and fit of the bionic scale unit, so that the bionic scale unit can smoothly adjust its position during exercise, while providing a good covering effect. The main body unit adopts ribbed spacer needle tissue, which has excellent strength and support performance, can stably carry the bionic scale unit, and improve the overall durability and impact resistance of the bionic scale fabric.

[0047] Therefore, in the present application, through the optimized combination of yarn material, diameter range and tissue structure, the 1+1 rib structure of the bionic scale unit and the rib spacer needle structure of the main unit cooperate with each other, thereby improving the dynamic adjustment ability and adaptability of the bionic scale fabric. The bionic scale fabric achieves a balance in strength, elasticity, flexibility and breathability, meets the various needs of protective equipment, and has good practical value.

[0048] Optionally, along the third direction, the heights of the P first bionic scale sub-units are not completely the same, the heights of the Q second bionic scale sub-units are not completely the same, the first bionic scale sub-unit includes a first arc-shaped portion, a first scale main body and a first scale tail, the first arc-shaped portion, the first scale main body and the first scale tail are connected as one, the second bionic scale sub-unit includes a second arc-shaped portion, a second scale main body and a second scale tail, the second arc-shaped portion, the second scale main body and the second scale tail are connected as one, and the main body unit has a rectangular or square structure.

[0049] In the present application, firstly, the heights of the first bionic scale subunit and the second bionic scale subunit are not exactly the same, that is, the heights of the independent first bionic scale subunit and the second bionic scale subunit can be designed according to actual needs, and bionic scale fabrics with different overlapping layer heights can also be obtained, thereby enhancing the structural flexibility of the bionic scale fabric; in addition, the first arc portion 101, the first scale main body 102 and the first scale tail 103 are connected as one, and the second arc portion 201, the second scale main body 202 and the second scale tail 203 are connected as one, and the first arc portion 101 and the second arc portion 201 simulate the bending characteristics of natural scales, which helps to disperse external pressure, reduce impact, and enhance the protective ability of the fabric. While reducing the impact force, it avoids local pressure concentration and improves the protective effect; in addition, the main body unit adopts a rectangular or square structure, which not only makes the fabric easier to manufacture, but also improves the tensile strength and overall stability of the fabric, thereby extending the service life and having excellent wear resistance and durability.

[0050] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, in the second aspect, a method for weaving a bionic scale fabric, weaving a bionic scale fabric as described in any one of the first aspects, comprises the following steps:

[0051] It should be noted that the method for weaving a bionic flake fabric applied for in the present invention, for weaving a bionic flake fabric as described in any one of the first aspects, correspondingly also includes: all the recorded technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects of a bionic flake fabric as described in any one of the first aspects, which will not be repeated in the present application.

[0052] Step S100: weaving a part of the main body unit to weave the Mth second bionic scale unit row; or weaving a part of the main body unit to weave the Nth first bionic scale unit row;

[0053] Step S200: After the Mth second bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue to knit the main body unit portion to knit the Nth first bionic scale unit row; or, after the Nth first bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue to knit the main body unit portion to knit the Mth second bionic scale unit row;

[0054] Take step S100: weaving the body unit part, weaving the Mth second bionic scale unit row; step S200: after the Mth second bionic scale unit row is woven, continue weaving the body unit part, weaving the Nth first bionic scale unit row, and satisfying N=M as an example:

[0055] Step S100: weaving a part of the main body unit, weaving the Mth second bionic scale unit row;

[0056] Specifically, step S100 includes:

[0057] Step S101: Select aramid filament as the yarn, draw the structure of the main unit on the plate-making software corresponding to the double-needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, set the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, speed, and number of cycles of the double-needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, and the parameters of the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, speed, and number of cycles are: use one yarn mouth to guide the yarn, select 77 for the mesh, use a side spring to adjust the tension, select 10cm / s-100cm / s for the machine head swing speed, preferably 25cm / s, the minimum number of weaving rows is 1 row per cycle, and 4 cycles are set. The yarn is woven into loops in sequence on the front and rear needle beds to form a weaving main unit; exemplarily, 800D aramid filament can be used.

[0058] Step S102: After weaving the main body unit, use the needle transfer action to move the weaving yarn originally on the front needle bed to the rear needle bed for weaving, and the yarn originally woven on the rear needle bed to the front needle bed for weaving. In order to realize the weaving of the Mth second bionic scale unit row on the main body unit surface, the above needle transfer action is required to provide the weaving space of the Mth second bionic scale unit row, and smoothly connect the Mth second bionic scale unit row with the woven part of the main body unit. After the weaving of the Mth second bionic scale unit row is completed, the Mth second bionic scale unit row can move freely. The mesh and cycle number parameters of the double needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine are set to mesh selection 55, the minimum number of knitting rows is 4 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set.

[0059] Step S103: Aramid filament is selected as the yarn, and the structure of the bionic scale unit is drawn on the plate-making software corresponding to the double-needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, and at least the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, and number of cycles are set; the parameters of the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, and number of cycles are: another yarn mouth is occupied to guide the yarn, and since the scale part is more complicated, multiple meshes are required to cooperate, the mesh of the first two rows is selected as 60, and the tension is adjusted by the side spring, the minimum number of knitting rows is 2 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set; the next row is transitioned, the mesh is selected as 75, the minimum number of knitting rows is 1 row per cycle, and 1 cycle is set. For example, 600D aramid filament can be used;

[0060] Step S104: weaving the first second bionic scale sub-unit, weaving the second second bionic scale sub-unit, ..., weaving the Qth second bionic scale sub-unit; the weaving of each second bionic scale sub-unit includes: weaving the second arc portion, using a 75-degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 2 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set; weaving the second scale main body, the front needle bed uses an 82-degree mesh, the rear needle bed uses a 75-degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 4 rows per cycle, and 4 cycles are set; weaving the second scale tail, the front needle bed uses an 82-degree mesh, the rear needle bed uses a 75-degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 3 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set, the tension is adjusted by a spring, and the machine head swing speed is selected from 10cm / s to 100cm / s, preferably, 25cm / s, so that along the first direction, the Mth second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence.

[0061] Step S200: After the Mth second bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue knitting the body unit portion to knit the Nth first bionic scale unit row;

[0062] Step S201: Select aramid filament as yarn, draw the structure of the main unit on the plate-making software corresponding to the double-needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, set the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, speed, and number of cycles of the double-needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, and the parameters of the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, speed, and number of cycles are: use one yarn mouth to guide the yarn, select 77-80 for the mesh, preferably 77, use side springs to adjust the tension, select 10cm / s-100cm / s for the machine head swing speed, preferably 25cm / s, the minimum number of weaving rows is 1 row per cycle, and 4 cycles are set. The yarn is woven into loops in sequence on the front and rear needle beds to form a weaving main unit; exemplarily, 800D aramid filament can be used.

[0063] Step S202: After weaving the main body unit, use the needle transfer action to move the weaving yarn originally on the front needle bed to the rear needle bed for weaving, and the yarn originally woven on the rear needle bed to the front needle bed for weaving. In order to realize the weaving of the Nth first bionic scale unit row on the main body unit surface, the above needle transfer action is required to provide the weaving space of the Nth first bionic scale unit row, and smoothly connect the Nth first bionic scale unit row with the part of the main body unit after continued weaving. After the weaving of the Nth first bionic scale unit row is completed, the Nth first bionic scale unit row can move freely. Set the mesh and cycle number parameters of the double needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine to mesh selection 55, the minimum number of knitting rows is 4 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set.

[0064] Step S203: Aramid filament is selected as the yarn, and the structure of the bionic scale unit is drawn on the plate-making software corresponding to the double-needle bed high-speed computer flat knitting machine, and at least the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, and number of cycles are set; the parameters of the yarn mouth, mesh, tension, and number of cycles are: another yarn mouth is occupied to guide the yarn, and since the scale part is relatively complex, multiple meshes are required to cooperate, and the mesh of the first two rows is selected to be 60-70, preferably 60, and the minimum number of knitting rows is 2 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set; the tension is adjusted by the side spring, and the next row is transitioned, the mesh is selected to be 75, the minimum number of knitting rows is 1 row per cycle, and 1 cycle is set. For example, 600D aramid filament can be used;

[0065] Step S204: weaving the first first bionic scale subunit, weaving the second first bionic scale subunit, ..., weaving the Pth first bionic scale subunit; the weaving of each first bionic scale subunit includes: weaving the first arc portion, using 75-80 degree mesh, preferably 75 degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 2 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set; weaving the first scale body portion, the front needle bed uses 82 degree mesh, the rear needle bed uses 75 degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 4 rows per cycle, and 4 cycles are set; weaving the tail of the first scale, the front needle bed uses 82 degree mesh, the rear needle bed uses 75 degree mesh, the minimum number of weaving rows is 3 rows per cycle, and 1 cycle is set, the tension is adjusted by a spring, and the head swing speed is selected from 10cm / s-100cm / s, preferably 25cm / s, so that along the first direction, the Nth first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale subunits arranged in sequence.

[0066] In other embodiments, step S100: weaving part of the main body unit, weaving the Nth first bionic scale unit row, at this time, the specific content of step S100 can be safely the same as all the contents recorded in step S201, step S202, step S203 and step S204; at the same time, correspondingly, step S200: after the Nth first bionic scale unit row is woven, weaving part of the main body unit, weaving the Mth second bionic scale unit row, at this time, the specific content of step S200 can be safely the same as all the contents recorded in step S101, step S102, step S103 and step S104, and at this time, N and M satisfy N=M+1;

[0067] Step S300: Repeating step S100 and step S200 multiple times along the second direction and the first direction until the first second bionic scale unit row and the first first bionic scale unit row are woven completely to obtain a bionic scale fabric.

[0068] In some embodiments, after repeating step S100 and step S200 multiple times along the second direction and the first direction, M will be gradually reduced to 1, and N will be gradually reduced to 1. The bionic scale fabric includes: a main body unit, a connecting unit and a bionic scale unit. The main body unit is connected to the bionic scale unit through the connecting unit. The bionic scale unit can be close to or away from the main body unit. Along the second direction, the bionic scale unit includes N first bionic scale unit rows and M second bionic scale unit rows. Along the second direction, at least the i-th first bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i-th second bionic scale unit row, and the i-th The second bionic scale unit rows are at least partially overlapped on the i+1th first bionic scale unit row, where i=1, 2, ..., M, N=M or N=M+1; along the first direction, each first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; each second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; along the first direction, the center lines of the first bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction and the center lines of the second bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction are alternately arranged, P=Q+1, P is a positive integer, Q is a positive integer, N is a positive integer, and M is a positive integer.

[0069] In a third aspect, a bionic scale composite material is provided, using any bionic scale fabric described in the first aspect, comprising: a first flexible material layer and a second hard material layer, wherein the first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit, and the second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit, and the material of the first flexible material layer includes but is not limited to one or more of rubber, silicone, and shear thickening materials, and the material of the second hard material layer includes but is not limited to one or more of epoxy resin, hard particles, metal, and ceramic powder.

[0070] It should be noted that the bionic flake composite material applied for in the present invention adopts the bionic flake fabric described in any one of the first aspects above, and accordingly includes: all the recorded technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects of the bionic flake fabric described in any one of the first aspects, which will not be repeated in the present application.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first flexible material layer includes one or more of rubber, silicone, and shear thickening materials, which can provide good flexibility for the fabric, ensure that the fabric can adapt to various complex shapes and dynamic loads, and have excellent anti-bending and tensile properties.

[0072] In some embodiments, the second hard material layer includes one or more of epoxy resin, hard particles, metal, and ceramic powder. The hard material layer can enhance the surface hardness of the fabric, provide stronger resistance to external impact and scratches, protect the fabric from damage, and enable the bionic scale composite material to maintain a longer service life in a high-impact and high-friction environment.

[0073] In the present application, by combining the bionic scale unit with the composite material layer, different from the reinforcement treatment method of the planar structure, the two material layers are combined with the bionic scale fabric structure. Structurally, the ingenious connection between the bionic scale unit and the main body unit and the arrangement of the scales, combined with the flexibility of the first flexible material layer and the rigidity of the second hard material layer, enable the bionic scale composite material to enhance the high-speed impact resistance while greatly improving the fabric's bendability, wearing comfort and flexibility; in terms of protective performance, when impacted by external force, the hard scale layer can disperse and resist the impact force, and the flexible main body layer can buffer the remaining energy and avoid damage caused by local stress concentration; in appearance, it can have the texture and decorativeness of bionic scales, and can meet the actual needs of comfort and adaptability, and can be widely used in fashion apparel, high-performance sports equipment, military protection, building material decoration and other fields, providing new ideas and directions for structural innovation and product development of scaly fabrics, and has broad technical prospects and market application potential.

[0074] like Fig. 9 As shown, in a fourth aspect, a method for preparing a bionic flake composite material, preparing the bionic flake composite material described in the third aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0075] It should be noted that the method for preparing a bionic flake composite material applied in the present invention, for preparing a bionic flake composite material described in the third aspect, correspondingly also includes: all the recorded technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects of a bionic flake composite material described in the third aspect, which will not be repeated in the present application.

[0076] Step S10 includes: weaving a bionic scale fabric;

[0077] In the present invention, the bionic scale fabric can be woven by using a bionic scale fabric weaving method described in the second aspect, which will not be described in detail in the present invention.

[0078] Step S20 includes: a first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit; and a second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

[0079] Specifically, step S20 includes:

[0080] Step S20A: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to form a first flexible material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the body unit, so as to form a first flexible material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the body unit;

[0081] In some embodiments, good adhesion between the first flexible material layer and the surface of the main unit can be ensured by coating, dipping, etc. For example, the main unit of the bionic scale fabric is immersed in a shear thickening liquid to form a first flexible material layer. This process can form a uniform coating on the surface of the main unit, avoiding material shedding or uneven coating, thereby improving the overall performance of the fabric.

[0082] In some embodiments, methods such as hot pressing and spraying help to evenly distribute the flexible material layer on the surface, and the heat treatment process can improve the strength, wear resistance and impact resistance of the material. This process method can enable the composite material to withstand more external forces and environmental changes during use.

[0083] In some embodiments, surface modification can adjust the surface properties of the flexible material layer, such as improving the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the surface, so that the fabric has multiple functionalities. For example, anti-fouling and waterproof functions can be enhanced through surface modification, thereby improving the practical application value of the fabric.

[0084] In step S20A of the present invention, by adopting coating and spraying processes, the dependence on complex equipment and high-cost materials in the production process can be reduced. The process is simple and efficient, and the construction of the flexible layer can be completed quickly and evenly, effectively reducing production costs and improving production efficiency. Different coating, impregnation, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification process methods can meet the requirements of different application scenarios. By flexibly adjusting the process parameters, a flexible material layer that meets specific needs can be manufactured, which greatly improves the bendability, wearing comfort and flexibility of the fabric, thereby providing customized solutions for different functional fabrics.

[0085] Step S20B: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to at least partially form the material of the second hard material layer on the surface of the bionic scale unit to form a second hard material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

[0086] In step S20B of the present invention, firstly, by forming a second hard material layer on the surface of the bionic scale unit, the surface hardness and wear resistance can be significantly improved, which plays an important role in improving the scratch resistance, collision resistance and fatigue resistance of the bionic scale composite material, especially in high-intensity use environments; in addition, the second hard material layer usually has good corrosion resistance, which can protect the bionic scale unit from corrosion by external chemicals, acid-base environment or other corrosive substances, and can enable the bionic scale composite material to maintain a long service life even in harsh environments; at the same time, the coating or Hot pressing can enhance the structural stability of the bionic scale unit, so that the bionic scale composite material will not be easily deformed when subjected to external force impact. The hard layer can disperse the pressure or impact force applied to the surface of the bionic scale composite material, protecting the bionic scale composite material to maintain its original shape and function; in addition, coating, impregnation, spraying, hot pressing and other methods can be used to accurately control the thickness and uniformity of the hard material layer, and can also provide a certain glossiness and surface texture, thereby enhancing the appearance of the bionic scale composite material, ensuring the uniform distribution and high performance of the second hard material layer, and meeting a wider range of application needs.

[0087] The present invention and its implementation methods are described above, but such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one implementation method of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic scale fabric, comprising: A main body unit, a connecting unit and a bionic scale unit, wherein the main body unit is connected to the bionic scale unit through the connecting unit, the bionic scale unit can be close to the main body unit or far away from the main body unit, along the second direction, the bionic scale unit includes N first bionic scale unit rows and M second bionic scale unit rows, along the second direction, at least the i-th first bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i-th second bionic scale unit row, and the i-th second bionic scale unit row is at least partially overlapped on the i+1-th first bionic scale unit row , wherein i=1, 2, ..., M, N=M or N=M+1; along the first direction, each first bionic scale unit row includes P first bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; each second bionic scale unit row includes Q second bionic scale sub-units arranged in sequence; along the first direction, the center lines of the first bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction and the center lines of the second bionic scale sub-units parallel to the second direction are alternately arranged, P=Q+1, P is a positive integer, Q is a positive integer, N is a positive integer, and M is a positive integer.

2. The bionic scale fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of bionic scale fabric include yarn, and the material of the yarn includes but is not limited to one or more of aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, basalt fiber, carbon fiber, and silicon carbide fiber. The diameter range of the yarn is: 200D-2000D; the bionic scale unit includes a 1+1 rib structure, and the main body unit includes a rib spacer needle structure.

3. The bionic scale fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the third direction, the heights of the P first bionic scale sub-units are not completely the same, and the heights of the Q second bionic scale sub-units are not completely the same; the first bionic scale sub-unit includes a first arc-shaped portion, a first scale main body and a first scale tail, and the first arc-shaped portion, the first scale main body and the first scale tail are connected as one, and the second bionic scale sub-unit includes a second arc-shaped portion, a second scale main body and a second scale tail, and the second arc-shaped portion, the second scale main body and the second scale tail are connected as one, and the main unit has a rectangular or square structure.

4. A method for weaving a bionic scale fabric, weaving a bionic scale fabric as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: Step S100: weaving a part of the main body unit to weave the Mth second bionic scale unit row; or weaving a part of the main body unit to weave the Nth first bionic scale unit row; Step S200: After the Mth second bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue to knit the main body unit portion to knit the Nth first bionic scale unit row; or, after the Nth first bionic scale unit row is knitted, continue to knit the main body unit portion to knit the Mth second bionic scale unit row; Step S300: Repeating step S100 and step S200 multiple times along the second direction and the first direction until the first second bionic scale unit row and the first first bionic scale unit row are woven completely to obtain a bionic scale fabric.

5. A bionic scale composite material, using the bionic scale fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: A first flexible material layer and a second hard material layer, wherein the first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit, and the second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit. The material of the first flexible material layer includes but is not limited to one or more of rubber, silicone, and shear thickening materials, and the material of the second hard material layer includes but is not limited to one or more of epoxy resin, hard particles, metal, and ceramic powder.

6. A method for preparing a bionic flake composite material, comprising the following steps: Step S10 includes: weaving a bionic scale fabric; Step S20 includes: a first flexible material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the main body unit; and a second hard material layer is at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

7. The method for preparing a bionic flake composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S10, the bionic scale fabric is woven using the bionic scale fabric weaving method described in claim 4.

8. The method for preparing a bionic flake composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S20 includes: Step S20A: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to form a first flexible material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the body unit, so as to form a first flexible material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the body unit; Step S20B: using one or more of coating, dipping, spraying, hot pressing, and surface modification to at least partially form the material of the second hard material layer on the surface of the bionic scale unit to form a second hard material layer at least partially formed on the surface of the bionic scale unit.

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