Quick change system and adapter for such quick change system

Abstract

The invention relates to a quick-change system for changing auxiliary equipment on a construction machine, comprising a quick-change device (1) and an adapter (2) which can be coupled to the quick-change device and which comprises coupling elements which are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other between two side walls, the quick-change device comprising: a support; a first receptacle arranged on one side of the support for receiving a first coupling element; a second receptacle arranged on the other side of the support for receiving a second coupling element; and a locking device having at least one locking element, which can be moved between a release position and a locking position by means of a drive device, for supporting the second bolt-shaped coupling element on the second receptacle in a locking manner. The quick-change system comprises a mechanical safety mechanism which interacts with a locking device of the quick-change device and comprises at least one locking element which can be moved into a locking position and is used for locking the at least one locking element in the locking position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a quick-change system according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to an adapter for such a quick-change system. Background Art

[0002] Such a quick-change system is used to simply and conveniently replace different auxiliary devices at the construction machinery. Thus, for example, a rotating bucket, a grab bucket, a scissors, a compressor, a magnet, a hydraulic hammer or other auxiliary devices can be disconnected from or connected to the boom of, for example, an excavator from the driver's cab within a few seconds and with a high safety standard. The quick-change system usually comprises an adapter on the auxiliary device side and a quick-change device arranged at the construction machinery, the quick-change device having a first receiving portion, for example a claw-shaped, for supporting a first coupling element arranged at the adapter on one side, and a second receiving portion, for releasably supporting a second coupling element arranged at the adapter on the other side, the second receiving portion having at least one locking element movable between a release position and a locking position.

[0003] Such a quick-change system is known from DE 10 2018 128 479 A1. The quick-change system comprises a quick-change device, which comprises a first claw-shaped receiving portion for a first coupling element on one side of a support, and a second receiving portion for releasably supporting a second coupling element on the other side of the support, the second receiving portion having at least one locking element movable between a release position and a locking position. An adapter belonging to the quick-change device has two bolt-shaped coupling elements arranged between parallel side walls at a predetermined spacing from each other for connecting the adapter to the quick-change device.

[0004] In such a quick-change system, it is necessary to prevent the accidental disengagement of the adapter from the quick-change device due to operating errors or technical failures as much as possible, so as to avoid the auxiliary device falling and possible personal injury caused thereby. Summary of the invention

[0005] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a quick-change system and an adapter for such a quick-change system, in which an unintentional release of the adapter from the quick-change device can be avoided and safety can thus be increased.

[0006] This object is achieved by a quick-change system having the features of claim 1 and by an adapter having the features of claim 6. Expedient embodiments and advantageous developments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.

[0007] The quick-change system according to the invention for replacing auxiliary equipment at a construction machine comprises a quick-change device and an adapter that can be connected to the quick-change device, wherein the adapter comprises a coupling element arranged between two side walls at a preset spacing from each other, and the quick-change device comprises: a support member; a first receiving portion arranged on one side of the support member for receiving a first coupling element; a second receiving portion arranged on the other side of the support member for receiving a second coupling element; and a locking device, the locking device having at least one locking element that can be moved between a release position and a locking position by means of a drive device, for holding a bolt-shaped second coupling element at the second receiving portion in a locked manner. The quick-change system is characterized by a mechanical safety mechanism that cooperates with the locking device of the quick-change device, the safety mechanism comprising at least one locking element that can be moved into a locking position, the locking element being used to lock at least one locking element in the locking position.

[0008] By means of this additional safety mechanism, the locking device can be locked in the locked position and can reliably prevent accidental movement of the locking device due to misoperation or malfunction. This makes it possible to lock the locking device in the locked position mechanically and independently of a separate drive. In this way, it is possible to avoid accidental release of auxiliary equipment that is correctly coupled to the quick changer via the adapter. This can prevent personal injury or damage to objects and achieve a significant improvement in work safety.

[0009] In a suitable embodiment, at least one locking element can have a U-shaped cross section for overlapping a piston rod of a drive device of the locking device, which is preferably designed as a piston-cylinder drive. As a result, the locking element can act on the piston rod and be pushed between the support and the housing to prevent the locking element from moving into the release position and opening the quick changer.

[0010] In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the mechanical safety mechanism can include two interconnected locking elements, which can move between a locking position for locking the two bolt-shaped locking elements in a moved-out locking position and a release position allowing the two bolt-shaped locking elements to move between the moved-out locking position and a moved-in release position.

[0011] In order to jointly actuate the two locking elements, the two locking elements can expediently be connected to one another via a connecting rod.

[0012] Preferably, the mechanical safety mechanism is integrated in the adapter. However, the mechanical safety mechanism can also be arranged in the quick-change device, or be implemented as an independent structural unit that can be used as required.

[0013] In addition, the present invention relates to an adapter for a quick-change system for replacing auxiliary equipment on a construction machine, the adapter comprising: a coupling element arranged between two side walls at a preset distance from each other, the coupling element being used to connect to a quick-change device provided with a locking device; and a mechanical safety mechanism, the mechanical safety mechanism having at least one locking element that can be moved on the inner side of the side wall between a lowered release position and a raised locking position for locking at least one locking element of the locking device.

[0014] In a particularly stable and reliable embodiment, the mechanical safety mechanism comprises two locking elements, preferably with a U-shaped cross-section, arranged on the inner sides of the two side walls and connected to each other, which can be moved by hand between a lowered release position and a raised locking position.

[0015] The two locking elements are expediently arranged on an actuating element which projects through a slot-shaped opening into the side wall and projects outwardly relative to the side wall. As a result, the locking elements can be moved manually from the release position into the locking position even when the adapter is not accessible from below due to the presence of a base plate or accessories fastened to the adapter. The actuating element which projects outwardly from the side wall makes it easy to see the position of the locking elements from the outside.

[0016] Furthermore, a latching device for locking the two locking elements both in the lowered release position and in the raised locking position can be arranged on at least one side wall. The latching device can include a latching bolt which can be inserted through a through hole in at least one support plate on the side wall and a through hole in the actuating element. The latching bolt can be locked by a locking pin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Further features and advantages of the present invention are apparent from the description of preferred embodiments based on the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 The quick change system with the quick changer and the adapter is shown in an unlocked position;

[0019] Figure 2 Shown in unlocked position Figure 1 Cross-section of the quick-change system;

[0020] Figure 3 A quick change system with a quick changer and an adapter is shown in a locked position;

[0021] Figure 4 Shown in the locked position Figure 3 Cross-section of the quick-change system;

[0022] Figure 5The adapter is shown with the safety mechanism in a lowered release position;

[0023] Figure 6 Shows Figure 5 Detail of the adapter in Figure A;

[0024] Figure 7 shows the adapter with the locking device in a raised locking position, and

[0025] Figure 8 Shows Figure 7 Detail of the adapter in Figure B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] exist Figure 1 1 shows an embodiment of a quick-change system for simply replacing auxiliary equipment on a vehicle, in particular on a construction machine, in a coupled state, the quick-change system having a quick-change device 1 and an adapter 2 that can be coupled to the quick-change device 1. With this quick-change system, for example, a rotating bucket, a grab bucket, a scissors, a compressor, a magnet, a hydraulic hammer or other auxiliary equipment can be simply and conveniently disconnected from or coupled to a boom or other attachment of a construction vehicle from the cab.

[0027] The adapter 2 that can be fastened at the auxiliary device place or built-in at the auxiliary device place comprises a support body / support body composed of a base plate 3 and two side parts 4, and this support body has two coupling elements 5 and 6 spaced apart from each other. The coupling elements 5 and 6 that are used to be connected with the quick changer 1 are arranged between two side parts 4 that are parallel to each other, arranged at right angles to the base plate 3 and spaced apart from each other. In the illustrated embodiment, a first coupling element 5 of a bolt shape and a second coupling element 6 of a bolt shape that is arranged in a mode with a preset spacing with the first coupling element are provided between the two jaw plate-shaped side parts 4 of the support body for being detachably connected with the quick changer 1. The coupling elements 5 and 6 of the two bolt shapes are inserted in the corresponding holes 7 or 8 in the two side parts 4 of the adapter 2 with their respective ends, and are fixed there. In addition, a mechanical safety mechanism 9 that will also be explained in more detail below is provided at the adapter 2 place, and this safety mechanism is used to prevent the accidental opening of the quick changer 1.

[0028] The quick-change device 1 which can be mounted, for example, on the boom of an excavator comprises a support part 10 with two parallel side parts 11, in which a through-going receiving opening 12 for a fastening bolt 13 is provided, which is used to fasten the quick-change device 1 to the boom of an excavator or to a coupling of another construction vehicle.

[0029] As from Figure 2As can be seen in the figure, the quick changer 1 has a first claw-shaped or fork-shaped receiving portion 14 open toward the front side on one side of the support 10, the first receiving portion is used to receive and support the first coupling element 5 in the shape of a bolt, and has a second receiving portion 15 open toward the rear side and downward on the other side, the second receiving portion is used to receive the second coupling element 6 in the shape of a bolt. In addition, a locking device 16 is provided at the quick changer 1, the locking device having two locking elements 17 that can be moved between a release position and a locking position by means of a drive device, and is used to support the second coupling element 6 in the shape of a bolt in a locked manner.

[0030] In the embodiment shown, the locking element 17 comprises two locking bolts parallel to one another, which are guided in a movable manner in guide holes within the support 10 and can be moved by a drive device between a pulled-in release position and a pulled-in release position. Figure 2 . Figure 2 In the extended locking position shown in FIG, the second receiving portion 15 open downward is closed at the bottom by a bolt-shaped locking element 16, so that the bolt-shaped second coupling element 6 is clamped from below by the bolt-shaped locking element 16 and the adapter 2 can be held on the quick-change device 1. Instead of two bolt-shaped locking elements 17, only one locking element can also be provided.

[0031] In the embodiment shown, the drive device for moving the locking element 17 of the locking device, which is called an H-cylinder, is implemented as a hydraulic cylinder piston drive, which has two hydraulic pistons arranged in an H-shaped housing 18. The H-shaped housing 18 includes two parallel outer parts 20 connected to each other by an intermediate part 19, in which pressure chambers are arranged for accommodating two hydraulic pistons parallel to each other with piston rods 21 protruding outwards. Figure 2 1 shows one of the piston rods 21 of the hydraulic piston arranged in the two outer parts 20 of the housing 10. On the two outer parts 20 of the H-shaped housing 18, which are parallel to each other, a bolt-shaped locking element 17 for supporting the second coupling element 6 in a locked manner is arranged on the sides opposite to the two piston rods 21. The piston rod 21 is fixed to the support 10 with its free outer end, so that the H-shaped housing 18 with the bolt-shaped locking element 16 arranged therein can be pressed by the pressure chambers arranged in the two outer parts 20 of the housing 18. Figure 2 The cam can be moved between the locked position shown in the figure and the pulled-in release or change position. Figure 2 In the locked position, the bolt-shaped locking element 16 is extended and the bolt-shaped second coupling element 6 is clamped from below in order to hold the adapter 2 in a locked manner.

[0032] In order to couple the adapter 2 at the quick-change device 1, first, the quick-change device 1 usually arranged at the boom of the excavator is moved so that the first coupling element 5 of the bolt shape at the adapter 2 is moved into the first receiving portion 14 of the claw shape on one side of the quick-change device 1. Subsequently, the quick-change device 1 with the locking element 16 that is still pulled back is swung around the first coupling element 5 of the bolt shape so that the second coupling element 6 of the bolt shape at the adapter 2 is abutted against the abutment surface of the receiving portion 15 that is open downwards on the other side of the quick-change device 1. Immediately thereafter, the locking element 16 that is movably arranged in the support 10 of the quick-change device 1 can be moved out by adjusting the drive 17, so that the second coupling element 6 of the bolt shape at the adapter 2 is clamped from below by the two locking elements 16 of the bolt shape at the quick-change device 1, and the adapter 2 is maintained at the quick-change device 1 thus.

[0033] In order to prevent the auxiliary device coupled to the quick-change device 1 via the adapter 2 from being detached from the quick-change device 1 during an unexpected release movement of the locking element 16 due to erroneous operation or a malfunction of the adjustment drive 17, and then possibly falling in the raised position of the quick-change device 1, a mechanical fall protection mechanism is provided on the adapter 2. The fall protection mechanism is designed to surround the coupling element 5 arranged on the adapter 2 or on the auxiliary device and engaged with the first receiving portion 14.

[0034] In the embodiment shown, the fall protection mechanism comprises two independent hooks 22, which are not rigidly arranged on the support part 10 of the quick changer 1, but are articulated on the support part 10 in the form of a hinge so as to be pivotable about a transverse axis 23. The two hooks 22 are arranged on the two receptacles 14 and are designed so that they surround the coupling element 5 on the adapter 2 or the auxiliary device, and in the event of an accidental movement of the locking element 16 into the release position, the coupling element 5 can engage with the hook 22 in the gripping position and catch the auxiliary device. Due to this pivotable arrangement, the hooks 22 can be pivoted in the adapter 2 or the auxiliary device. Figure 2 The device can be moved between a folded-up locking position (shown in FIG. 1 ) which completely surrounds the receptacle 14 and a folded-down changing and gripping position which allows a changing process.

[0035] The control element 24 of the lug type co-acting with the coupling element 5 at the adapter 2 place is arranged at the grab hook 22 place and is used for swinging the grab hook 22 between the change of turning down and the gripping position and the locking position of turning up independently of the locking device.Through the reset device arranged at the support part place, the grab hook 22 is pressed into the change of turning down and the gripping position.It can be guaranteed thus that the grab hook 22 is reliably located in the change of turning down and the gripping position independently of the position of the quick changer 1 when the auxiliary equipment is not yet coupled.In the change and the gripping position of the grab hook 22 turning down, the auxiliary equipment can be replaced by being placed on the ground accordingly, and as required, the auxiliary equipment can be caught on the grab hook 22 in the gripping position by the coupling element 5, and it is remained on the quick changer 1 place thus, and in the locking position turning up, the grab hook 22 surrounds the receiving portion 14 that is used for the coupling element 5 fully.

[0036] exist Figures 5 to 8 2 shows an adapter 2 with a mechanical safety mechanism 9 in a lowered release position and in an raised locking position. The mechanical safety mechanism 9 comprises two clamp-shaped locking elements 25 parallel to each other, which can be located on the inner side of the two side walls 4. Figure 5 and 6 The lowered release position shown in Figure 7 and 8 . The two locking elements 25, which are U-shaped in cross section, are designed so that the locking elements act on the two piston rods 21 in the raised locking position and can be pushed between the support 10 and the housing 18 of the drive device. As a result, the housing 18 with the bolt-shaped locking element 17 arranged there can be prevented from moving into the pulled-back release or replacement position. Thus, in the raised locking position, the housing 18 with the locking element 17 arranged there is locked in the locking position by the two locking elements 25. Thus, the quick changer 1 can be prevented from accidentally getting stuck, and the normally coupled adapter 2 can be reliably kept at the quick changer 1.

[0037] Especially from Figure 7 and 8 As can be seen from the figure, two clamp-shaped locking elements 25 are arranged on an angled operating element 27 that extends through a slot-shaped opening 26 into the side wall 4 of the adapter 2 and protrudes outward relative to the side wall 4. The two operating elements 27 have an angled outer part 28 that protrudes outward relative to the side wall 4 and are connected to each other via a connecting rod 29. Through the angled outer part 28 of the operating element 27, the locking element 25 can be manually moved from the side wall 4 to the side wall 4, overcoming the force of the spring device 30. Figure 8 Press into the raised locking position shown in Figure 6 In the lowered release position shown in .

[0038] In order to be able to lock the locking element 25 both in the raised locking position and in the lowered release position, a locking element 25 is provided on the angular outer part 28 of the actuating element 27 that protrudes relative to the side wall 4. Figure 1 31 for inserting the latch 32. On the right and left sides of the outer part 28, on the outer sides of the two side walls 4, outwardly protruding support plates 33 and 34 are arranged, which have upper and lower through holes 35 and 35 for inserting the latch 32. The latch 32 and the support plates 33 and 34 form a locking device for locking the two locking elements 25 both in the lowered release position and in the raised locking position. The latch 32 can be locked by a locking pin 37 designed as a spring latch. The latch 32 and the locking pin 37 can be fixed to the adapter 2 by a wire rope to prevent loss.

[0039] List of Reference Numerals

[0040] 1Quick changer

[0041] 2 Adapter

[0042] 3 substrate

[0043] 4 Sidewall

[0044] 5First coupling element

[0045] 6 Second coupling element

[0046] 7 holes

[0047] 8 holes

[0048] 9 Insurance institutions

[0049] 10 Support

[0050] 11 side parts

[0051] 12 Acceptance Opening

[0052] 13 Fastening bolt

[0053] 14 first receiving portion

[0054] 15 Second receiving part

[0055] 16 Locking element

[0056] 17 Adjust the drive unit

[0057] 18 Shell

[0058] 19Middleware

[0059] 20 External parts

[0060] 21 Piston rod

[0061] 22 Grappling Hook

[0062] 23 horizontal axis

[0063] 24 control elements

[0064] 25 locking elements

[0065] 26 openings

[0066] 27 Operating elements

[0067] 28 External parts

[0068] 29 Connecting rod

[0069] 30 Spring device

[0070] 31 through holes

[0071] 32 card lock pin

[0072] 33 Support plate

[0073] 34 Support plate

[0074] 35 upper through hole

[0075] 36 lower through hole

[0076] 37 Locking pin

Claims

1. A quick-change system for replacing auxiliary equipment at an engineering machine, comprising a quick-change device (1) and an adapter (2) that can be connected to the quick-change device (1), wherein: The adapter (2) comprises coupling elements (5, 6) arranged between two side walls (4) at a predetermined distance from each other, the quick changer (1) comprising: a support (10); a first receiving portion (14) arranged on one side of the support (10) for receiving a first coupling element (5); a second receiving portion (15) arranged on the other side of the support (10) for receiving a second coupling element (6); and a locking device (16), the locking device having at least one locking element (17) movable between a release position and a locking position by means of a drive device (18, 21), the locking element being used to retain the bolt-shaped second coupling element (6) at the second receiving portion (15) in a locked manner, characterized in that a mechanical safety mechanism (9) cooperating with the locking mechanism (16) of the quick changer (1) comprises at least one locking element (25) movable into a locked position, the locking element being used to lock the at least one locking element (17) in the locked position.

2. The quick change system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one locking element (25) has a U-shaped cross section for engaging a piston rod (21) of a drive (18, 21) of the locking device.

3. The quick-change system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mechanical safety mechanism (9) comprises two mutually connected locking elements (25) which can be moved between a locking position for locking two bolt-shaped locking elements (16) in a moved-out locking position and a release position allowing the two bolt-shaped locking elements (16) to move between the moved-out locking position and a moved-in release position.

4. The quick-change system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two locking elements (25) are connected to each other via a connecting rod (29).

5. The quick-change system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A mechanical securing mechanism (9) is integrated into the adapter (2).

6. An adapter (2) for a quick-change system for replacing auxiliary equipment on a construction machine, the adapter comprising coupling elements (5, 6) arranged between two side walls (4) at a predetermined distance from each other, the coupling elements being used to be connected to a quick-change device (1) provided with a locking device (16), characterized in that A mechanical safety mechanism (9) comprises at least one locking element (25) movable on the inner side of a side wall (4) between a lowered release position and a raised locking position for locking at least one locking element (17) of a locking device (16).

7. The adapter (2) according to claim 6, characterized in that The locking element (25) has a U-shaped cross section.

8. The adapter (2) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The mechanical safety mechanism (9) comprises two locking elements (25) arranged on the inner sides of the two side walls (4) and connected to each other, and the two locking elements can be moved between a lowered release position and a raised locking position.

9. The adapter (2) according to claim 8, characterized in that The two locking elements (25) are arranged on an actuating element (27) which projects through a slot-shaped opening (26) into the side wall (4) and projects outwardly relative to the side wall (4).

10. The adapter (2) according to claim 9, characterized in that A latching device (32, 33, 34) is arranged on at least one side wall (4) for locking the two locking elements (25) both in a lowered release position and in a raised locking position.

11. The adapter (2) according to claim 10, characterized in that The latching device (32, 33, 34) comprises a latching bolt (32) which can be inserted through a through hole (35, 36) in at least one support plate (33, 34) on the side wall (4) and a through hole (28) in the actuating element (27).

12. The adapter (2) according to claim 11, characterized in that The latch bolt (32) is locked by a locking pin (37).

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