Flow adjusting system and method using air turbine high-pressure cylinder gulp valve

Abstract

The invention provides a flow adjusting system and method utilizing an air turbine high-pressure cylinder gulp valve. The system comprises an air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, an air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP, a high-pressure cylinder inlet adjusting valve, a main adjusting valve, the gulp valve, a water-gas heat exchanger, a salt gas heat exchanger and a low-pressure cylinder outlet adjusting valve. According to the method, the opening degree of the gulp valve is increased by controlling the opening degree of the valve when a power grid load instruction rises, so that some high-pressure gas directly enters an outlet-stage blade of a high-pressure cylinder by skipping an inlet-stage blade to do work, and the height of the inlet-stage blade can be effectively reduced; and meanwhile, the load requirement can be quickly responded under the condition that the opening degree of the main regulating valve is not changed, and extra steam flow is provided to increase power output. The air flow of the air turbine can be effectively adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the gulp valve, the variable load rate of a unit is increased, and the air gulp valve has high adaptability and flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of high-temperature adiabatic compressed air energy storage systems, and in particular to a flow regulation system and method utilizing an air supply valve of an air turbine high-pressure cylinder. Background Art

[0002] High-temperature adiabatic compressed air energy storage is an energy storage technology that uses excess electricity to compress air and store it in underground salt caverns during peak periods of renewable energy generation, and releases the compressed air to do work during peak periods of electricity consumption. When the system releases energy, high-temperature and high-pressure air expands in the high-pressure cylinder of the air turbine, reducing pressure and increasing speed, driving the air turbine to do work to drive the generator to generate electricity.

[0003] However, due to fluctuations in renewable energy power input, changes in gas storage chamber pressure, load regulation needs, and changes in ambient temperature and pressure, the high-temperature adiabatic compressed air energy storage system operates under variable operating conditions, and the efficiency of the underground salt caverns in the system as gas storage equipment in a cycle is uncertain. In order to ensure the stability and reliability of the high-pressure cylinder's work and to ensure the relative stability of the energy conversion efficiency between charging and discharging, a certain control method is required to effectively adjust the gas flow of the high-pressure cylinder. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to realize the requirement of effectively regulating the gas flow of an air turbine high-pressure cylinder, the present invention proposes a flow regulation system and method using an air supply valve of an air turbine high-pressure cylinder.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A flow control system using an air supply valve for a high-pressure cylinder of an air turbine, characterized in that it includes an air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, an air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP, a high-pressure cylinder inlet regulating valve, a main regulating valve, an air supply valve, a water-gas heat exchanger, a salt-gas heat exchanger, a low-pressure cylinder outlet regulating valve, a high-pressure cylinder air intake pipe, a regulating pipe and an air supply pipe, wherein the main regulating valve and the air supply valve are respectively located on the regulating pipe and the air supply pipe, the regulating pipe is connected to the high-pressure cylinder air intake pipe and the regulating stage blades of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, the air supply pipe is connected to the high-pressure cylinder air intake pipe and the air supply port, wherein the regulating stage blades are located in front of the first stage blades of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, and ... and the regulating stage blades are located in front of the first stage blades of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, and the air supply pipe is connected to the high-pressure cylinder air intake pipe An air supply port is provided on the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, and the rear end outlet of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is connected to the inlet of the air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP through a water-gas heat exchanger and a salt-gas heat exchanger in turn, and the outlet of the air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP is connected to the atmosphere through a low-pressure cylinder outlet regulating valve; the gas passing through the main regulating valve and the air supply valve respectively enters the front section and the middle section of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP to start expanding and doing work, and then all the gas flowing through the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is discharged from the rear end outlet, and enters the air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP through the water-gas heat exchanger and the salt-gas heat exchanger in turn to further expand and do work, and finally flows through the low-pressure cylinder outlet regulating valve into the atmosphere.

[0007] Furthermore, the system adjusts the opening of the high-pressure cylinder inlet regulating valve and the air supply valve according to the load change. Under the condition that the opening of the high-pressure cylinder inlet regulating valve remains unchanged, when the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP pressure is higher than the set value, the air supply valve opening is increased; when the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP pressure is lower than the set value, the air supply valve opening is reduced; by controlling the valve opening of the air supply valve, the gas flow entering the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is more accurately controlled on the basis of the original main regulating valve, so as to control the expansion work of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP.

[0008] A flow regulation method using an air supply valve of an air turbine high-pressure cylinder. Under normal load conditions, the main regulating valve is fully opened, and all gas enters the first-stage blades of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP to start working. When the unit load further increases, the air supply valve is opened to directly introduce a portion of gas into the middle-stage blades of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP to start working, so that the working capacity of the high-pressure cylinder can be changed according to the load instruction without changing the opening of the main regulating valve, thereby improving the response regulation capability range of the generator set.

[0009] Furthermore, when the grid load command increases, the opening of the air supply valve is increased, and the gas flow through the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is increased to increase its working capacity and increase power output; when the grid load command decreases, the air supply valve is reduced or closed. At this time, the gas flow is mostly or completely controlled by the main regulating valve, the gas flow in the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is reduced, the working capacity is reduced, and the power output is reduced.

[0010] Furthermore, the stage groups are divided with the air supply valve as the dividing point, and the flow function is established for the last stage blades from the air supply valve to the high pressure cylinder HP of the air turbine, and the following is obtained from the Flugel formula:

[0011] G1 / G=((p 11 2 -p 21 2 ) / (p1 2 -p2 2 )) 1 / 2

[0012] Where G1 is the HP gas flow rate of the air turbine high pressure cylinder after the operating condition changes, G is the HP gas flow rate of the air turbine high pressure cylinder under normal operating conditions, p 11 is the gas pressure at the air supply valve after the working condition changes, p 21 is the gas pressure at the HP outlet of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder after the operating conditions change, p1 is the gas pressure at the air supply valve under normal operating conditions, and p2 is the gas pressure at the HP outlet of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder under normal operating conditions.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] On the basis of the original air turbine high-pressure cylinder structure, an air supply valve is added. By adjusting the opening of the high-pressure cylinder air supply valve, the gas flow can be quickly, accurately and reasonably regulated, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the high-pressure cylinder's work. When the power grid load command rises, the air supply valve opening is increased so that some high-pressure gas bypasses the inlet-stage blades and directly enters the high-pressure cylinder outlet stage to start working. This can effectively reduce the height of the inlet-stage blades, and at the same time, it can quickly respond to load demands without changing the opening of the main regulating valve, providing additional steam flow to increase power output. The present invention can effectively adjust the gas flow of the air turbine by adjusting the opening of the air supply valve, thereby improving the variable load rate of the unit, is easy to operate, and has strong adaptability and flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0016] List of reference numerals:

[0017] 1-high-pressure cylinder inlet regulating valve, 2-main regulating valve, 3-air supply valve, 4-water-gas heat exchanger, 5-salt-gas heat exchanger, 6-low-pressure cylinder outlet regulating valve, 10-high-pressure cylinder air inlet pipe, 20-regulating pipe, 30-air supply pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a flow control system using an air turbine high-pressure cylinder air supply valve, comprising an air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, an air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP, a high-pressure cylinder inlet regulating valve 1, a main regulating valve 2, an air supply valve 3, a water-gas heat exchanger 4, a salt-gas heat exchanger 5, a low-pressure cylinder outlet regulating valve 6, a high-pressure cylinder inlet pipeline 10, a regulating pipeline 20 and an air supply pipeline 30, wherein the main regulating valve 2 and the air supply valve 3 are respectively located on the regulating pipeline 20 and the air supply pipeline 30, the regulating pipeline 20 is connected to the high-pressure cylinder inlet pipeline 10 and the regulating stage blades of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, the air supply pipeline 30 is connected to the high-pressure cylinder inlet pipeline 10 and the air supply port, wherein the regulating stage blades are located on the high-pressure cylinder of the air turbine. In front of the first-stage blades of HP, an air supply port is provided on the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP. The rear end outlet of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is connected to the inlet of the air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP through the water-gas heat exchanger 4 and the salt-gas heat exchanger 5 in turn, and the outlet of the air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP is connected to the atmosphere through the low-pressure cylinder outlet regulating valve 6; the gas passing through the main regulating valve 2 and the air supply valve 3 respectively enters the front section and the middle section of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP to start expanding and doing work, and then all the gas flowing through the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is discharged from the rear end outlet, and enters the air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP through the water-gas heat exchanger 4 and the salt-gas heat exchanger 5 in turn to further expand and do work, and finally flows through the low-pressure cylinder outlet regulating valve 6 to enter the atmosphere.

[0020] During normal operation, valves 1 and 2 maintain set openings. Most of the gas enters the high-pressure cylinder from the first-stage blades of the air turbine to expand and do work. The pressures before and after the divided stage groups are within the normal range.

[0021] When the grid load requirement increases, the opening of valve 3 is increased. At this time, part of the high-pressure gas will directly enter the outlet blade of the high-pressure cylinder of the air turbine through the air supply valve, making p 11 Increase, and p1, p2, p 21 unchanged, so the G1 value increases, the flow in the second half of the high-pressure cylinder becomes larger, and due to the effect of the air supply valve, the gas flow through the first half of the high-pressure cylinder is reduced under the same gas flow, the blade height of the inlet stage can be reduced, the overall gas flow of the high-pressure cylinder becomes larger, the gas expansion work increases, and the work capacity of the high-pressure cylinder increases to meet the load requirements of the power grid.

[0022] When the grid load requirement decreases, the opening of valve 3 is reduced. At this time, most of the high-pressure gas enters the high-pressure cylinder inlet stage through the main regulating valve and starts to work. The air supply valve acts as a bypass, and the gas flow through it is reduced, so the gas pressure p11 at the outlet of the air supply valve is reduced, while p1, p2, p 21 unchanged, so G1 decreases, the gas flow in the high-pressure cylinder decreases, and the gas expansion work capacity decreases, resulting in a decrease in the work done by the high-pressure cylinder to adapt to the grid load requirements.

[0023] By adjusting the opening of the air supply valve, it is possible to quickly respond to changes in grid load requirements, especially when the grid fluctuates greatly. This provides the power plant with a flexible means of operation, which can increase or reduce the system's power generation capacity in a short period of time while maintaining the safe operation of the equipment, thereby improving the stability of equipment operation.

[0024] The above is a detailed introduction to the method and specific implementation of the present invention. Of course, in addition to the above examples, the present invention may also have other implementations, and any technical solution formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flow control system using an air supply valve for an air turbine high pressure cylinder, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, an air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP, a high-pressure cylinder inlet regulating valve (1), a main regulating valve (2), an air supply valve (3), a water-gas heat exchanger (4), a salt-gas heat exchanger (5), a low-pressure cylinder outlet regulating valve (6), a high-pressure cylinder air intake pipe (10), a regulating pipe (20) and an air supply pipe (30), wherein the main regulating valve (2) and the air supply valve (3) are respectively located on the regulating pipe (20) and the air supply pipe (30), the regulating pipe (20) is connected to the high-pressure cylinder air intake pipe (10) and the regulating stage blades of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, and the air supply pipe (30) is connected to the high-pressure cylinder air intake pipe (10) and the air supply port, wherein the regulating stage blades are located on the first stage blades of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP. In front of the blade, an air supply port is provided on the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP. The rear end outlet of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is connected to the inlet of the air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP through the water-gas heat exchanger (4) and the salt-gas heat exchanger (5) in turn. The outlet of the air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP is connected to the atmosphere through the low-pressure cylinder outlet regulating valve (6). The gas passing through the main regulating valve (2) and the air supply valve (3) respectively enters the front section and the middle section of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP to start expanding and doing work. After that, all the gas flowing through the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is discharged from the rear end outlet, and enters the air turbine low-pressure cylinder LP through the water-gas heat exchanger (4) and the salt-gas heat exchanger (5) in turn to further expand and do work, and finally flows through the low-pressure cylinder outlet regulating valve (6) to enter the atmosphere.

2. A flow control system using an air turbine high pressure cylinder air supply valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system adjusts the openings of the high-pressure cylinder inlet regulating valve (2) and the air supply valve (3) according to the load change. Under the condition that the opening of the high-pressure cylinder inlet regulating valve (1) remains unchanged, when the pressure of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is higher than the set value, the opening of the air supply valve (3) is increased; when the pressure of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is lower than the set value, the opening of the air supply valve (3) is reduced. By controlling the valve opening of the air supply valve (3), the gas flow entering the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is more accurately controlled on the basis of the original main regulating valve (2), so as to control the expansion work of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP.

3. A method for regulating the flow rate of an air turbine high-pressure cylinder air supply valve, using the system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Under normal load conditions, the main regulating valve (2) is fully opened, and all the gas enters the first-stage blades of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP to start working. When the load of the unit further increases, the air supply valve (3) is opened to directly introduce a part of the gas into the middle-stage blades of the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP to start working, so that the working capacity of the high-pressure cylinder can be changed according to the load instruction without changing the opening of the main regulating valve, thereby improving the response and adjustment capacity range of the generator set.

4. A flow rate regulation method using an air supply valve of an air turbine high pressure cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the grid load command increases, the opening of the air supply valve (3) is increased, and the gas flow through the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is increased to increase its work capacity and increase power output; when the grid load command decreases, the air supply valve (3) is reduced or closed, and at this time, the gas flow is mostly or completely controlled by the main regulating valve (2), the gas flow in the air turbine high-pressure cylinder HP is reduced, the work capacity is reduced, and the power output is reduced.

5. A flow rate regulation method using an air supply valve of an air turbine high pressure cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stage groups are divided with the air supply valve (3) as the dividing point, and the flow function is established for the last stage blades from the air supply valve (3) to the high pressure cylinder HP of the air turbine. The following is obtained from the Flugel formula: G1 / G=((p 11 2 -p 21 2 ) / (p1 2 -p2 2 )) 1 / 2 Where G1 is the HP gas flow rate of the air turbine high pressure cylinder after the operating condition changes, G is the HP gas flow rate of the air turbine high pressure cylinder under normal operating conditions, p 11 is the gas pressure at the air supply valve (3) after the working condition changes, p 21 is the gas pressure at the HP outlet of the air turbine high pressure cylinder after the operating condition changes, p1 is the gas pressure at the air supply valve (3) under normal operating conditions, and p2 is the gas pressure at the HP outlet of the air turbine high pressure cylinder under normal operating conditions.

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