Composite gaskets and filling repair methods for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures

Abstract

This invention discloses a composite gasket and a filling repair method for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures. The composite gasket includes a progressive composite washer and epoxy structural adhesive. The progressive composite washer comprises several annular segments, which are spliced ​​together to form an annular structure. Each annular segment includes a planar base layer and several planar supplementary layers, which are symmetrically arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the planar base layer. Several slots are formed on the side of the planar base layer and the several planar supplementary layers closest to the steel pipe, and the slots are adapted to the diameter of the bolt holes. Through holes are formed on the planar base layer, through which epoxy structural adhesive is injected into the interior of the annular structure. The sidewalls of the planar base layer and the several planar supplementary layers abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe, and the thickness of the planar base layer is greater than the thickness of the planar supplementary layers. This invention can simultaneously repair the mechanical properties and durability of flange joints, and has advantages such as high structural strength, good durability, and wide applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel structure defect repair technology, and in particular to composite gaskets and filling repair methods for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections in steel structures. Background Technology

[0002] Steel structure is a building structure that uses steel as its primary material. Due to its high strength, high reliability, and high degree of industrialization, it is widely used in the construction industry. The basic components of a steel structure are made of steel plates and structural steel sections, such as beams, columns, and trusses, which are transported to the construction site and assembled into a complete structure. Connections in steel structures typically include welding, riveting, and bolting. Bolting connections are further classified into ordinary bolting connections and high-strength bolting connections based on material strength and prestress.

[0003] When using high-strength bolts to connect components, a special wrench is needed to tighten the nuts with a large torque, generating significant prestress in the bolts. This prestress clamps the connected components, creating substantial friction between their contact surfaces, through which external forces are transmitted. This type of connection is called a high-strength bolt friction connection, favored for its advantages such as ease of installation, convenient replacement, and elimination of on-site welding. However, high-strength bolt friction connections require high precision in component length, and gaps may sometimes occur at the contact surfaces during assembly.

[0004] In the presence of gap defects, the prestress of high-strength bolts cannot clamp the connected components tightly, leading to a loss of friction between the components and thus reducing the stiffness and integrity of the high-strength bolted connection. Furthermore, gap defects allow the bolts to come into direct contact with air, causing the bolt surface to gradually rust, thereby reducing the durability of the high-strength bolted connection. However, currently there are few methods for repairing gap defects in high-strength bolted connections, and there is an urgent need to develop an effective method for repairing gap defects to mitigate the stiffness loss and durability degradation of high-strength bolted connections.

[0005] To address this, a composite gasket and filling repair method for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite gasket and a filling and repair method for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a composite gasket for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures, comprising a progressive composite washer and an epoxy structural adhesive;

[0008] The progressive composite washer includes several annular segments, which are spliced ​​together to form an annular structure; each annular segment includes a planar base layer and several planar supplementary layers, which are symmetrically arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the planar base layer;

[0009] The planar base layer and several planar supplementary layers are provided with several slots on the side near the steel pipe, and the slots are adapted to the diameter of the bolt holes.

[0010] A through hole is provided on the planar base layer, and the epoxy structural adhesive is injected into the interior of the ring structure through the through hole;

[0011] The sidewalls of the planar base layer and the several planar supplementary layers abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe, and the thickness of the planar base layer is greater than the thickness of the planar supplementary layers.

[0012] According to the composite gasket for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures provided by the present invention, the inner diameter of the annular structure is smaller than the outer diameter of the steel pipe.

[0013] According to the composite gasket for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures provided by the present invention, the number of planar supplementary layers is even, and the number of planar supplementary layers located on the top surface of the planar base layer is equal to the number of planar supplementary layers located on the bottom surface of the planar base layer.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for filling and repairing gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Remove the bolts;

[0016] Step 2, Gap Defect Measurement: Divide the gap between the first flange plate and the second flange plate into several gap regions, with each of the gap regions corresponding to one of the annular segments, and measure the thickness of each gap region.

[0017] Step 3, Assembly of the circular segment: Fill the gap in one of the regions with a planar base layer, and arrange planar supplementary layers symmetrically on the top and bottom surfaces of the planar base layer to form a single circular segment; the planar supplementary layer group includes several planar supplementary layers stacked in sequence, and the planar supplementary layer group adopts a progressive arrangement strategy, specifically, the thickness of several planar supplementary layers decreases sequentially in the direction away from the planar base layer.

[0018] Step 4, Bolt Replacement: After filling the gap in the area from Step 3 with the circular ring fragment, install the replacement bolt and tighten it;

[0019] Step 5: Fill the ring segment: Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the gaps in each area are filled and the bolts are replaced;

[0020] Step 6: Fill with epoxy structural adhesive: After the bolts are replaced, inject epoxy structural adhesive into the inside of the ring segment through the through hole;

[0021] Step 7: Apply anti-rust paint.

[0022] According to the method for filling and repairing gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures provided by the present invention, the specific process of applying anti-rust paint is as follows:

[0023] Clean the contact surfaces;

[0024] Apply anti-rust primer to the circumferential areas of the composite gasket, the first flange plate, and the second flange plate;

[0025] After curing and drying, apply anti-rust intermediate paint over the anti-rust primer;

[0026] After curing and drying, apply anti-rust topcoat over the anti-rust intermediate paint;

[0027] Repair complete.

[0028] According to the filling and repair method for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures provided by the present invention, the specific process of cleaning the contact surface is as follows: alcohol is sprayed onto the circumferential area of ​​the composite gasket, the first flange plate and the second flange plate, and then the sprayed area is wiped with a fine fiber cloth.

[0029] According to the filling and repair method for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures provided by the present invention, in step one, the thickness of the gap in each area is measured using a measuring tool; the measuring tool includes, but is not limited to, a vernier caliper.

[0030] According to the filling and repair method for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures provided by the present invention, the planar base layer and several planar supplementary layers are all prefabricated components.

[0031] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0032] This invention employs a progressive combination gasket to fill the gap between the first and second flange plates. The planar supplementary layer group adopts a progressive arrangement strategy, so that the thickness of the first planar supplementary layer is the largest, and the thickness of the subsequent planar supplementary layers gradually decreases in the direction away from the planar base layer according to the arrangement sequence, until the gap is tightly filled. By changing the number and thickness of the planar supplementary layers, the overall thickness of the progressive combination gasket is changed. Through multiple gap compensations, the thickness difference between the annular segment and the flange gap can be well compensated, thus making it applicable to gap repair of most flange joints and restoring the stiffness of the gap flange joint.

[0033] After the bolts are replaced, the present invention injects epoxy structural adhesive into the inside of the circular segment through the through hole on the planar base layer and applies anti-rust paint, which can improve the durability and corrosion resistance of the flange bolt joint and improve the structural strength of the flange bolt joint.

[0034] In this invention, the grooves of the planar base layer and the planar supplementary layer are matched with the diameter of the bolt holes to ensure that the annular segment will not collide with the screw during the filling process. The sidewalls of the planar base layer and several planar supplementary layers abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe to ensure that the force on the steel pipe can be directly transmitted to the composite gasket.

[0035] The flange bolt joint repaired using the composite gasket of this invention has significantly improved stiffness due to the increased contact area of ​​the flange plate, enabling the flange joint to transfer loads more effectively and reducing load-bearing capacity loss caused by deformation and stress concentration. Compared with existing forced assembly repair methods, it can reduce the assembly stress inside the bolt, thereby reducing the possibility of bolt brittle fracture.

[0036] The filling and repair method of the present invention can simultaneously repair the mechanical properties and durability of flange joints, and has the advantages of high structural strength, good durability and wide applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composite gasket used to fill the flange gap in this invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an unreinforced flange structure.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-rust paint on the repaired flange joint in this invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the progressive combination washer in this invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ring structure in this invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular segment in this invention.

[0044] Among them, 1. Flange assembly; 11. First flange plate; 12. Second flange plate; 13. First steel pipe; 14. Second steel pipe; 15. Bolt hole; 16. Threaded rod; 17. Nut; 2. Progressive combination gasket; 21. Circular ring structure; 211. Circular ring segment; 2111. Planar base layer; 2112. Planar supplementary layer; 2113. Through hole; 22. Epoxy structural adhesive; 3. Anti-rust paint; 31. Anti-rust primer; 32. Anti-rust intermediate paint; 33. Anti-rust topcoat. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] Reference Figures 1-6 The present invention provides a composite gasket for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures, comprising a progressive combination washer 2 and an epoxy structural adhesive 22; the flange assembly 1 comprises a first flange plate 11, a second flange plate 12, a first steel pipe 13, a second steel pipe 14, bolt holes 15, bolts 16 and nuts 17;

[0048] The progressive composite washer 2 includes several annular segments 211, which are spliced ​​together to form an annular structure 21; the annular segment 211 includes a planar base layer 2111 and several planar supplementary layers 2112, which are symmetrically arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the planar base layer 2111.

[0049] Several slots are provided on the side of the planar base layer 2111 and several planar supplementary layers 2112 near the steel pipe, and the slots are matched with the diameter of the bolt holes 15.

[0050] A through hole 2113 is provided on the planar base layer 2111, and epoxy structural adhesive 22 is injected into the interior of the annular structure 21 through the through hole 2113; the through hole 2113 is located in the central area between several slots.

[0051] Among them, the sidewalls of the planar base layer 2111 and several planar supplementary layers 2112 abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe, and the thickness of the planar base layer 2111 is greater than the thickness of the planar supplementary layers 2112.

[0052] With this configuration, the present invention uses progressively combined gaskets to fill the gap between the first flange plate 11 and the second flange plate 12. The planar supplementary layer group adopts a progressive arrangement strategy, so that the thickness of the first arranged planar supplementary layer 2112 is the largest, and the thickness of the later arranged planar supplementary layer 2112 gradually decreases in the direction away from the planar base layer 2111 according to the arrangement sequence, until the gap is tightly filled. By changing the number and thickness of the planar supplementary layer 2112, the overall thickness of the progressively combined gasket 2 is changed. Through multiple gap compensations, the thickness difference between the annular segment 211 and the flange gap can be well compensated. Under the action of bolt preload, there will be no crushing phenomenon. It can be applied to the gap repair of most flange joints and restore the rigidity of the gap flange joint.

[0053] After the bolts are replaced, the present invention injects epoxy structural adhesive 22 into the interior of the annular segment 211 through the through hole 2113 on the planar base layer 2111, and applies anti-rust paint 3, which can improve the durability and corrosion resistance of the flange bolt joint and improve the structural strength of the flange bolt joint.

[0054] In this invention, the slots of the planar base layer 2111 and the planar supplementary layer 2112 are matched with the diameter of the bolt hole 15, ensuring that the annular segment 211 will not collide with the screw 16 during the filling process. The sidewalls of the planar base layer 2111 and several planar supplementary layers 2112 abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe, ensuring that the force on the steel pipe can be directly transmitted to the composite gasket.

[0055] The flange bolt joint repaired using the composite gasket of this invention has significantly improved stiffness due to the increased contact area of ​​the flange plate, enabling the flange joint to transfer loads more effectively and reducing load-bearing capacity loss caused by deformation and stress concentration. Compared with existing forced assembly repair methods, it can reduce the assembly stress inside the bolt, thereby reducing the possibility of bolt brittle fracture.

[0056] The filling and repair method of the present invention can simultaneously repair the mechanical properties and durability of flange joints, and has the advantages of high structural strength, good durability and wide applicability.

[0057] Further optimization of the scheme: the inner diameter of the ring structure 21 is smaller than the outer diameter of the steel pipe, so that the inner diameter edge of the ring segment 211 exceeds the projection position of the steel pipe on the flange plate, ensuring that the force on the steel pipe can be directly transmitted to the composite gasket.

[0058] The steel pipe includes a first steel pipe 13 and a second steel pipe 14. The first steel pipe 13 is connected to the first flange plate 11, and the second steel pipe 14 is connected to the second flange plate 12.

[0059] In a further optimized scheme, the number of planar supplementary layers 2112 is even, and the number of planar supplementary layers 2112 located on the top surface of the planar base layer 2111 is equal to the number of planar supplementary layers 2112 located on the bottom surface of the planar base layer 2111.

[0060] The scheme is further optimized so that the number of slots in the planar base layer 2111 and the planar supplementary layer 2112 is determined based on the number of bolts in the area gap.

[0061] The present invention also provides a method for filling and repairing gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Remove the bolts; the bolts include the shank 16 and the nut 17; use appropriate tools (such as a hex wrench or torque wrench) to remove the bolts in a diagonal alternating sequence. After completing the filling of the annular segment and bolt replacement of the current block, begin removing the bolts of a block.

[0063] Step 2, Gap Defect Measurement: Divide the gap between the first flange plate 11 and the second flange plate 12 into several gap regions. Each gap region corresponds to a number of annular segments 211. Measure the thickness of each gap region.

[0064] Step 3, Assembly of the annular segment 211: Fill the gap in one of the regions with a planar base layer 2111, and arrange planar supplementary layers symmetrically on the top and bottom surfaces of the planar base layer 2111 to form a single annular segment 211; the planar supplementary layer group includes several planar supplementary layers 2112 stacked sequentially, and the planar supplementary layer group adopts a progressive arrangement strategy, specifically, the thickness of several planar supplementary layers 2112 decreases sequentially in the direction away from the planar base layer 2111;

[0065] Step 4, Bolt Replacement: After filling the gap in the area from Step 3 with the circular ring segment 211, install the replacement bolt and tighten it;

[0066] Step 5, Filling the Circular Segment 211: Repeat steps 3 to 4 until the gaps in each area are filled and the bolts are replaced;

[0067] Step 6: Fill with epoxy structural adhesive 22: After the bolts are replaced, inject epoxy structural adhesive 22 into the interior of the annular segment 211 through the through hole 2113;

[0068] Step 7: Apply anti-rust paint 3.

[0069] Further optimize the solution; the specific process for applying anti-rust paint 3 is as follows:

[0070] Clean the contact surfaces;

[0071] Apply anti-rust primer 31 to the circumferential area of ​​the composite gasket, the first flange plate 11, and the second flange plate 12;

[0072] After curing and drying, apply anti-rust intermediate paint 32 over anti-rust primer 31;

[0073] After curing and drying, apply anti-rust topcoat 33 over the anti-rust intermediate paint 32;

[0074] Repair complete.

[0075] Further optimize the solution. The specific process for cleaning the contact surface is as follows: spray alcohol onto the circumferential area of ​​the composite gasket, the first flange plate 11, and the second flange plate 12, and then wipe the sprayed area with a fine fiber cloth.

[0076] To further optimize the solution, in step one, the thickness of the gap in each area is measured using measuring tools, including but not limited to vernier calipers.

[0077] The scheme was further optimized so that the planar base layer 2111 and several planar supplementary layers 2112 are all prefabricated components.

[0078] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0079] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite gasket for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures, characterized in that: Includes progressive combination gaskets (2) and epoxy structural adhesive (22); The progressive composite washer (2) includes several annular segments (211), which are spliced ​​together to form an annular structure (21); the annular segment (211) includes a planar base layer (2111) and several planar supplementary layers (2112), which are symmetrically arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the planar base layer (2111); The planar base layer (2111) and several planar supplementary layers (2112) are provided with several slots on the side near the steel pipe, and the slots are adapted to the diameter of the bolt holes (15). A through hole (2113) is provided on the planar base layer (2111), and the epoxy structural adhesive (22) is injected into the interior of the ring structure (21) through the through hole (2113); The sidewalls of the planar base layer (2111) and the several planar supplementary layers (2112) abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe, and the thickness of the planar base layer (2111) is greater than the thickness of the planar supplementary layers (2112).

2. The composite gasket for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the ring structure (21) is smaller than the outer diameter of the steel pipe.

3. The composite gasket for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the planar supplementary layers (2112) is even, and the number of the planar supplementary layers (2112) located on the top surface of the planar base layer (2111) is equal to the number of the planar supplementary layers (2112) located on the bottom surface of the planar base layer (2111).

4. A method for filling and repairing gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures, based on the composite gasket for gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Remove the bolts; Step 2, Gap Defect Measurement: Divide the gap between the first flange plate (11) and the second flange plate (12) into several area gaps, and each of the several area gaps corresponds to one of the several annular segments (211). Measure the thickness of each area gap. Step 3, Assembly of the annular segment (211): Fill the gap in one of the regions with a planar base layer (2111), and arrange planar supplementary layers symmetrically on the top and bottom surfaces of the planar base layer (2111) to form a single annular segment (211) as a whole; the planar supplementary layer group includes several planar supplementary layers (2112) stacked sequentially, and the planar supplementary layer group adopts a progressive arrangement strategy, specifically, the thickness of several planar supplementary layers (2112) decreases sequentially in the direction away from the planar base layer (2111); Step 4, Bolt Replacement: After filling the gap in the area from Step 3 with the circular ring segment (211), install the replacement bolt and tighten it; Step 5, Fill the circular segment (211): Repeat steps 3 to 4 until the gaps in each area are filled and the bolts are replaced; Step 6: Fill with epoxy structural adhesive (22): After the bolts are replaced, inject epoxy structural adhesive (22) into the inside of the annular segment (211) through the through hole (2113); Step 7: Apply anti-rust paint (3).

5. The method for filling and repairing gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific process of applying the anti-rust paint (3) is as follows: Clean the contact surfaces; Apply anti-rust primer (31) to the circumferential area of ​​the composite gasket, the first flange plate (11), and the second flange plate (12); After curing and drying, apply anti-rust intermediate paint (32) over the anti-rust primer (31); After curing and drying, apply anti-rust topcoat (33) over the anti-rust intermediate paint (32); Repair complete.

6. The method for filling and repairing gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific process for cleaning the contact surface is as follows: alcohol is sprayed onto the circumferential area of ​​the composite gasket, the first flange plate (11), and the second flange plate (12), and then the sprayed area is wiped with a fine fiber cloth.

7. The method for filling and repairing gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step one, the thickness of the gap in each area is measured using measuring tools; the measuring tools include, but are not limited to, vernier calipers.

8. The method for filling and repairing gap defects in high-strength bolt connections of steel structures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The planar base layer (2111) and several planar supplementary layers (2112) are all prefabricated components.

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