Nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reduction and relief integrated device and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reduction and relief integrated device and a use method, and relates to the technical field of high-pressure gas pressure reduction and relief, the nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reduction and relief integrated device comprises a valve shell, a gland, a valve body, a porous hedging throttling element and a gas outlet pressure control element, the top of the first hedging channel and the top of the second hedging channel are oppositely arranged, so that hydrogen flowing out of the first hedging channel and hydrogen flowing out of the second hedging channel form gas hedging to depressurize high-pressure hydrogen and reduce the flow rate and kinetic energy of the hydrogen; when the pressure of hydrogen entering the communicating cavity is smaller than the designed pressure, the gas outlet pressure control piece enables the valve body to abut against the top of the valve shell so as to close the pressure relief openings, and when the pressure of hydrogen entering the communicating cavity is larger than the designed pressure, the gas outlet pressure control piece enables the valve body to abut against the top of the valve shell so as to close the pressure relief openings. The valve body slides downwards and slides to the position where the pressure relief opening is opened so that part of hydrogen can flow out of the pressure relief opening to relieve the air pressure of the communicating cavity, the structure is simple, the space utilization rate is effectively increased, and cost is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure gas decompression and pressure relief, and in particular to a nested high-pressure hydrogen gas decompression and pressure relief integrated device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] High-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing device is a special device that automatically reduces the working pressure of the pipeline. It can reduce the higher gas pressure in the pipeline before the valve to the required level of the pipeline. Such devices are crucial in applications that require safe, accurate and stable control of hydrogen pressure.

[0003] A high-pressure hydrogen pressure relief device is a device that releases overpressure in containers, closed pipelines and closed protective spaces. Due to the active chemical properties of hydrogen itself, if the back-end pressure is too high, it may damage downstream components or pipelines, causing leakage and increasing the risk of explosion or fire. At this time, the pressure relief device intervenes in time to ensure the safe and smooth operation of the entire system.

[0004] At present, the main problems are as follows:

[0005] 1. Generally, a pressure relief valve is connected to the outlet of the pressure reducing device, which makes it difficult to effectively combine the functions of the two devices, resulting in waste of space and materials and increased use costs. It is difficult to install two devices at the same time in many systems with limited space.

[0006] Therefore, how to optimize the overall structure and effectively combine the pressure reduction and pressure release functions has become a key technical challenge that researchers in the field of high-pressure hydrogen pressure reduction and pressure release urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nested high-pressure hydrogen gas pressure reducing and relieving integrated device and a method of use, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, with a simple structure, effectively improving space utilization and effectively reducing costs.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device, comprising: a valve shell, a gland, a valve body, a multi-hole hedge throttling member and an outlet pressure control member, wherein the first end and the second end of the valve shell which are arranged opposite to each other are connected and the interior is a valve cavity, and a plurality of pressure relief ports are provided on the side wall close to the first end, and the pressure relief ports are used to communicate with a pressure relief hydrogen collection pipe; the gland is tightly connected to the first end of the valve shell, and the gland is provided with an outlet, and the outlet is used to communicate with a hydrogen use pipeline; the valve body is movable and sealingly abuts against the inner wall of the valve cavity, and a first accommodating cavity is provided on a side of the valve body corresponding to the second end of the valve shell, and a connecting cavity is provided between the top of the valve body and the gland, and the connecting cavity is used to connect the first accommodating cavity with the outlet; The porous counter-throttling member is tightly connected to the first accommodating chamber, and the diverter has an air inlet and a plurality of counter-throttling channels. The air inlet is used to communicate with the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, and the first ports of the plurality of counter-throttling channels are relatively arranged so that the relatively outflowing hydrogen forms a gas counter-attack to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen and reduce the hydrogen flow rate and kinetic energy and is connected with the connecting chamber; the air outlet pressure control member is configured such that when the pressure of the gas entering the connecting chamber is less than the preset pressure, the air outlet pressure control member drives the valve body to move toward the pressure cover to close the plurality of pressure relief ports, and when the pressure of the gas entering the connecting chamber is greater than the preset pressure, the valve body slides downward and slides to the position of opening the pressure relief port to allow part of the gas to flow out from the pressure relief port to release the air pressure of the connecting chamber.

[0010] Preferably, a second accommodating chamber is provided between the valve body and the valve housing and on a side close to the second end, and the outlet pressure control member is an elastic pressure member, and the elastic pressure member is located in the second accommodating chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the porous counter-throttling member includes a diverter and a counter-throttling member, the diverter is tightly connected to the first accommodating chamber and has a plurality of diverter holes therein, and the air inlet is arranged at one end of the diverter away from the first accommodating chamber and is connected to the plurality of diverter holes;

[0012] The counter-impact piece is connected to a side of the diverter piece corresponding to the first end and has a counter-impact cavity therein, the counter-impact cavity is connected to the connecting cavity, a plurality of throttling counter-impact holes connected to the counter-impact cavity are provided on the side wall of the counter-impact piece, the diverter hole and the corresponding throttling counter-impact hole form the counter-impact channel.

[0013] Preferably, the air inlet is arranged coaxially with the diverter element, and the number of the diverter holes is two, namely a first diverter hole and a second diverter hole. The bottoms of the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are connected to the air inlet, the tops of the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are connected to the top surface of the diverter element and are located away from the axis of the diverter element, and the first diverter hole and the second diverter hole are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the diverter element, and each of the throttling counter-punching holes on the counter-punching element close to the first diverter hole is a first throttling counter-punching hole, and each of the throttling counter-punching holes on the counter-punching element close to the second diverter hole is a first throttling counter-punching hole, the first diverter hole and the first throttling counter-punching hole form a first counter-punching channel, and the second diverter hole and the second throttling counter-punching hole form the second counter-punching channel.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a valve seat and a floating valve core, and a third accommodating chamber and a fourth accommodating chamber are further provided in the middle part of the valve body, the third accommodating chamber is communicated with the first accommodating chamber, the fourth accommodating chamber is communicated with the third accommodating chamber, and the fourth accommodating chamber is communicated with the connecting chamber, the valve seat is arranged in the third accommodating chamber and is connected with the valve body by interference fit, and the bottom of the valve seat is tightly pressed against the top of the counter-acting member, a first throttling gap is arranged between the valve seat and the floating valve core, the valve seat is provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting hole is used to connect the first throttling gap and the counter-acting chamber, and a plurality of throttling holes are evenly distributed on the shoulder of the floating valve core, and the throttling holes are used to connect the first throttling gap and the connecting chamber.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes an adjusting rod, a threaded hole is provided in the middle of the pressure cover, and the valve body is also provided with a fifth accommodating chamber, the fifth accommodating chamber is used to connect the fourth accommodating chamber and the connecting chamber, the adjusting rod is tightly connected with the threaded hole, and one end of the adjusting rod is used to pass through the fifth accommodating chamber and contact the floating valve core so as to be able to adjust the size of the first throttling gap, and a second throttling gap is provided between the part of the adjusting rod located in the fifth accommodating chamber and the valve body, and the second throttling gap is used to connect the fourth accommodating chamber and the connecting chamber.

[0016] Preferably, the adjusting rod includes a threaded section and a pentagonal column section, the threaded section is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, the pentagonal column section is used to be arranged in the fifth accommodating chamber, and the gap formed between the pentagonal column and the valve body is the second throttling gap.

[0017] Preferably, a limiting ring is further included, wherein the limiting ring is fixedly connected to the fourth accommodating chamber and is located on a side of the floating valve core corresponding to the adjusting rod to limit the moving position of the floating valve core.

[0018] Preferably, the elastic member is a compression spring, and a fixing ring plate is provided on the inner wall of the second end of the valve housing, and the side edge of the fixing ring plate is gap-matched with the valve body, and the top of the fixing ring plate is the second accommodating chamber, one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the fixing ring plate and the other end is fixedly connected to the valve body, and a plurality of balancing air holes are provided on the fixing ring plate, and the balancing air holes are communicated with the second accommodating chamber.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for using the nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device as described in any one of the above items, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0020] Normal decompression working stage: high-pressure hydrogen enters the air inlet of the multi-porous hedging throttle from the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, and the multi-porous hedging throttle evenly distributes the hydrogen to each hedging channel. The hydrogen flows in opposite directions at the first ports of the multiple hedging channels to form a hedging, thereby achieving initial decompression, reducing the hydrogen pressure, flow rate and kinetic energy. The decompressed hydrogen enters the connecting cavity from the inner cavity of the hedging component, and the hydrogen with stable pressure finally flows out from the outlet and enters the hydrogen use pipeline to supply the subsequent use links;

[0021] Abnormal pressure handling stage: when the hydrogen pressure in the connecting cavity is greater than the design pressure, the valve body overcomes the control of the outlet pressure control component under the action of the air pressure, slides toward the second section of the valve shell, slides to the position of opening the pressure relief port, and part of the hydrogen begins to flow out from the pressure relief port to release the air pressure in the connecting cavity.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0023] The present invention provides a nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device and a method of use. By setting a porous counter-throttling piece, the porous counter-throttling piece can reduce the hydrogen pressure, flow rate and kinetic energy by gas counter-throttling, thereby ensuring the stability of the output hydrogen. By setting an elastic piece, the device can automatically control the opening and closing of the pressure relief port according to the hydrogen pressure, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the device, ensuring the stability and safety of the hydrogen during use, and preventing the pressure abnormality from causing damage to the system. This overall structural design realizes the decompression of high-pressure hydrogen and the pressure relief function when the pressure is abnormal. It has a simple structure, effectively improves the space utilization rate, and effectively reduces the cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A front cross-sectional view of a nested high-pressure hydrogen gas pressure reducing and relieving integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-hole counter-throttling member in a nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A formal cross-sectional view of a multi-hole counter-throttling member in a nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a floating valve core in a nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating rod in the nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 A front cross-sectional view of a valve housing in a nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of hydrogen flow in a normal decompression state of the nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of hydrogen flow in a pressure relief state of the nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the threaded connection part of the nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device provided by the present invention;

[0035] In the figure: 1. valve housing; 101. pressure relief port; 102. balancing air hole; 2. valve body; 3. porous counter-throttling member; 31. diverter member; 311. air inlet; 312. first diverter hole; 313. second diverter hole; 32. counter-throttling member; 321. first throttling counter-throttling hole; 322. second throttling counter-throttling hole; 4. compression spring; 5. valve seat; 51. connecting hole; 6. third sealing ring; 7. floating valve core; 71. throttling hole; 8. second sealing ring; 9. gland; 91. air outlet; 10. first sealing ring; 11. adjusting rod; 111. pentagonal column segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nested high-pressure hydrogen gas pressure reducing and relieving integrated device and a method of use, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, with a simple structure, effectively improving space utilization and effectively reducing costs.

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] This embodiment provides a nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device, such as Figures 1 to 10As shown, it includes: a valve shell 1, a pressure cover 9, a valve body 2, a porous counter-throttling member 3 and an elastic member. The top of the side wall of the valve shell 1 is provided with a plurality of pressure relief ports 101, and the pressure relief ports 101 are used to communicate with the pressure relief hydrogen collection pipe; the pressure cover 9 is tightly connected to the top of the valve shell 1, and the pressure cover 9 is provided with an outlet 91, and the outlet 91 is communicated with the hydrogen use pipeline; the valve body 2 is arranged in the valve shell 1 with a clearance fit, a first accommodating chamber is arranged in the middle of the valve body 2, a second accommodating chamber is arranged between the valve body 2 and the valve shell 1, and a connecting chamber is arranged between the top of the valve body 2 and the pressure cover 9, and the connecting chamber is used to connect the first accommodating chamber with the outlet 91; the porous counter-throttling member 3 is tightly connected to the first accommodating chamber, and the first accommodating chamber is communicated with the connecting chamber. The diverter 31 has an air inlet 311, a first counter-throttling channel and a second counter-throttling channel. The air inlet 311 is used to communicate with the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, and the first counter-throttling channel and the second counter-throttling channel are connected. The bottom of the two counter-hedge channels is connected to the air inlet 311, and the tops of the first counter-hedge channel and the second counter-hedge channel are arranged opposite to each other so that the hydrogen flowing out of the first counter-hedge channel and the hydrogen flowing out of the second counter-hedge channel form a gas counter-hedge to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen and reduce the flow rate and kinetic energy of the hydrogen; the elastic member is arranged in the second accommodating chamber, the top of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the valve body 2, and the bottom of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the valve shell 1. When the pressure of the hydrogen entering the connecting chamber is lower than the design pressure, the elastic member causes the valve body 2 to press against the top of the valve shell 1 to close each pressure relief port 101. When the pressure of the hydrogen entering the connecting chamber is higher than the design pressure, the valve body 2 slides downward and slides to the position of opening the pressure relief port 101 to allow part of the hydrogen to flow out from the pressure relief port 101 to release the air pressure of the connecting chamber. The porous counter-hedge throttling member 3 effectively reduces the hydrogen pressure, flow rate and kinetic energy through gas counter-hedge, thereby ensuring the stability of the output hydrogen. The provision of the elastic part enables the device to automatically control the opening and closing of the pressure relief port 101 according to the hydrogen pressure, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the device, ensuring the stability and safety during the use of hydrogen, and preventing abnormal pressure from causing damage to the system. This overall structural design realizes the decompression of high-pressure hydrogen and the pressure relief function when the pressure is abnormal. It has a simple structure, effectively improves space utilization, and effectively reduces costs.

[0041] In a preferred solution of the present embodiment, the porous counter-throttling member 3 includes a diverter 31 and a counter-throttling member 32, the diverter 31 is threadedly connected to the valve body 2, the counter-throttling member 32 is coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the diverter 31, the bottom of the diverter 31 is provided with an air inlet 311, the air inlet 311 is coaxially arranged with the diverter 31, the diverter 31 is provided with a first diverter hole 312 and a second diverter hole 313, the bottoms of the first diverter hole 312 and the second diverter hole 313 are connected to the air inlet 311, the tops of the first diverter hole 312 and the second diverter hole 313 are connected to the top surface of the diverter 31 and are located away from the axis of the diverter 31, and are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the diverter 31 The side wall of the hedge member 32 is provided with a plurality of first throttling counter-punching holes 321 and second throttling counter-punching holes 322. The first diverter hole 312 and the first throttling counter-punching hole 321 form a first counter-punching channel, and the second diverter hole 313 and the second throttling counter-punching hole 322 form a second counter-punching channel. The inner cavity of the hedge member 32 is connected with the connecting cavity. The diverter member 31 evenly distributes the incoming air to two symmetrical diverter holes, and a counter-punching channel is formed through the throttling counter-punching holes on the side wall of the hedge member 32, so that the hydrogen counter-punching is more stable and efficient, and can more accurately reduce the hydrogen pressure, reduce the hydrogen energy, and better ensure that the pressure and flow state of the output hydrogen meet the use requirements, thereby improving the pressure reduction effect and the stability of the device operation.

[0042] In a preferred solution of the present embodiment, the nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device further includes a valve seat 5 and a floating valve core 7. The middle part of the valve body 2 is further provided with a third accommodating chamber and a fourth accommodating chamber. The bottom of the fourth accommodating chamber is communicated with the third accommodating chamber, and the top of the fourth accommodating chamber is communicated with the connecting chamber. The valve seat 5 is arranged in the third accommodating chamber and connected with the valve body 2 by interference fit, and the bottom of the valve seat 5 is pressed against the top of the counter-piece 32. A first throttling gap is arranged between the valve seat 5 and the floating valve core 7. The valve seat 5 is provided with a connecting hole 51, which is used to connect the first throttling gap and the inner cavity of the counter-piece 32. The shoulder of the floating valve core 7 is evenly provided with a plurality of throttling holes 71, which are used to connect the first throttling gap and the connecting chamber. The design of the valve seat 5 and the floating valve core 7 structure further increases the throttling link of the device. The connecting hole 51 on the valve seat 5 connects the first throttling gap and the inner cavity of the counter-piece 32, so that the hydrogen after the initial decompression of the counter-piece 32 can enter the first throttling gap. The throttling hole 71 on the shoulder of the floating valve core 7 connects the first throttling gap with the connecting cavity, and throttles and reduces the pressure of the hydrogen again, which helps to more accurately regulate the hydrogen pressure in the connecting cavity, further stabilize the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the device, and improve the pressure reduction accuracy and stability of the entire device, so that the device can adapt to different usage scenarios and pressure requirements.

[0043] In a preferred solution of the present embodiment, the nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device further includes an adjusting rod 11, a threaded hole is provided in the middle of the gland 9, and the valve body 2 is further provided with a fifth accommodating chamber, which is used to connect the fourth accommodating chamber and the connecting chamber, the adjusting rod 11 is tightly connected with the threaded hole, and one end of the adjusting rod 11 is used to pass through the fifth accommodating chamber and contact the floating valve core 7 so as to be able to adjust the size of the first throttling gap, and a second throttling gap is provided between the portion of the adjusting rod 11 located in the fifth accommodating chamber and the valve body 2, and the second throttling gap is used to connect the fourth accommodating chamber and the connecting chamber, and the setting of the adjusting rod 11 provides adjustability for the device. By rotating the adjusting rod 11, the contact position between the adjusting rod 11 and the floating valve core 7 is changed, and then the size of the first throttling gap is adjusted, so that the device can flexibly adjust the throttling degree according to different working conditions, such as changes in the input hydrogen pressure, changes in the hydrogen use flow rate, etc., and further optimize the pressure reduction performance of the device. At the same time, the second throttling gap between the adjusting rod 11 and the valve body 2 also participates in the flow and throttling process of hydrogen, which can further enhance the regulation of hydrogen pressure, help improve the adaptability and stability of the device, and provide support for the stable operation of the system under different working conditions.

[0044] In a preferred solution of the present embodiment, the adjusting rod 11 includes a pentagonal column section 111, which is used to be arranged in the fifth accommodating chamber, and the gap formed between the pentagonal column and the valve body 2 is the second throttling gap. The design of the pentagonal column section 111 ensures the stable installation and positioning of the adjusting rod 11 in the fifth accommodating chamber, because its special shape cooperates with the fifth accommodating chamber to prevent the adjusting rod 11 from shaking at will, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the adjustment. On the other hand, the second throttling gap formed by this unique shape can change the flow path and state of hydrogen during the flow of hydrogen, compared with conventional shapes, so that hydrogen can further achieve throttling and decompression when passing through the adjusting rod 11, which helps to improve the overall decompression effect of the device, and can optimize the flow distribution of hydrogen inside the device to a certain extent, thereby improving the overall stability and reliability of the operation of the device.

[0045] In a preferred scheme of the present embodiment, the nested high-pressure hydrogen gas pressure reducing and relieving integrated device also includes a limit ring, which is fixedly connected to the fourth accommodating chamber and is located above the floating valve core 7 to limit the upward movement position of the floating valve core 7. The structure is simple. When the valve body 2 is in the pressure relief state when sliding downward, even if the floating valve core 7 is separated from the adjusting rod 11, the limit ring can prevent the floating valve core 7 from floating upward too much and block the throttling hole 71.

[0046] In a preferred scheme of the present embodiment, the elastic member is a compression spring 4, a fixed ring plate is provided at the bottom of the valve housing 1, the side edge of the fixed ring plate is clearance-matched with the valve body 2, the top of the fixed ring plate is a second accommodating chamber, the bottom of the compression spring 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring plate, the top of the compression spring 4 is fixedly connected to the valve body 2, a plurality of balancing air holes 102 are provided on the fixed ring plate, the balancing air holes 102 are communicated with the second accommodating chamber, the elastic member is set as a compression spring 4, the compression spring 4 has good elasticity and reset performance, and can stably realize the function of making the valve body 2 press against the top of the valve housing 1 to close the pressure relief port 101 when the hydrogen pressure entering the connecting chamber is lower than the design pressure, and the valve body 2 overcomes the elastic force of the compression spring 4 under the action of air pressure to move downward to open the pressure relief port 101 when the pressure is greater than the design pressure, thereby ensuring the reliable operation of the device. A fixed ring plate is provided at the bottom of the valve housing 1. On the one hand, it provides a stable support and fixing point for the compression spring 4, thereby improving the stability of the entire device structure. On the other hand, the side edge of the fixed ring plate is in clearance with the valve body 2, which can guide the valve body 2 to slide smoothly in the vertical direction, thereby ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the up and down movement of the valve body 2. The balancing air hole 102 on the fixed ring plate is connected to the second accommodating chamber. During the expansion and contraction process of the compression spring 4, the balancing air hole 102 facilitates the entry and exit of air in the second accommodating chamber, thereby preventing the expansion and contraction of the compression spring 4 from being hindered or abnormal air pressure from being generated due to the air being sealed, thereby providing good conditions for the normal expansion and contraction of the compression spring 4, extending the service life of the compression spring 4, and further ensuring the stability of the device performance.

[0047] In a preferred solution of the present embodiment, the nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device further includes a first sealing ring 10, the adjusting rod 11 is provided with a first annular groove, the first sealing ring 10 is installed in the first annular groove and connected with the gland 9 by interference fit, and the setting of the first sealing ring 10 can effectively prevent hydrogen from leaking from the gap between the adjusting rod 11 and the gland 9. When the adjusting rod 11 adjusts the first throttling gap, this sealing structure can ensure that the hydrogen inside the device is in a sealed state, avoid hydrogen leakage, improve the sealing and safety of the device, reduce energy loss and potential safety risks, and ensure that the high-pressure hydrogen can only flow along the preset flow path of the device.

[0048] In a preferred solution of the present embodiment, the nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device further includes a second sealing ring 8 and a third sealing ring 6, the gland 9 is provided with an external thread and a second annular groove, the top of the valve housing 1 is provided with an internal thread, the gland 9 is threadedly connected to the valve housing 1, the second annular groove is provided below the external thread, the valve body 2 is provided with a third annular groove, the second sealing ring 8 is installed in the second annular groove and connected to the valve housing 1 by interference fit, the third sealing ring 6 is installed in the third annular groove and connected to the valve housing 1 by interference fit, the gland 9 is connected to the valve housing 1 by thread, this connection method is convenient for installation and disassembly, and is convenient for assembly, maintenance and subsequent possible parts replacement of the device. At the same time, the threaded connection can ensure that there is a certain connection strength and stability between the gland 9 and the valve housing 1. The second sealing ring 8 is installed in the second annular groove of the gland 9 and connected to the valve housing 1 by interference fit, and the third sealing ring 6 is installed in the third annular groove of the valve body 2 and connected to the valve housing 1 by interference fit, and these two sealing structures further improve the overall sealing of the device. When the device is subjected to high-pressure hydrogen, hydrogen is prevented from leaking from the connection between the gland 9 and the valve housing 1 and the connection between the valve body 2 and the valve housing 1, thereby ensuring the safety of the device, avoiding potential safety accidents and energy losses caused by hydrogen leakage, and improving the performance and reliability of the device.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] This embodiment also provides a method for using the nested high-pressure hydrogen gas pressure reducing and relieving integrated device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Normal working stage: High-pressure hydrogen enters the air inlet 311 of the porous counter-throttling member 3 from the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, and the flow divider 31 evenly distributes the hydrogen to the first flow divider hole 312 and the second flow divider hole 313, and passes through the first throttling counter-throttling hole 321 and the second throttling counter-throttling hole 322 on the side wall of the counter-throttling member 32, forming the first counter-throttling channel and the second counter-throttling channel. The hydrogen flows in opposite directions at the position where the two counter-throttling channels are connected to form a counter-throttling, achieving initial decompression, reducing the hydrogen pressure, flow rate and kinetic energy. The hydrogen that has undergone initial decompression enters the connecting hole 51 from the inner cavity of the counter-throttling member 32, and then passes through the first throttling gap between the valve seat 5 and the floating valve core 7, and enters the connecting cavity again through the throttling hole 71 on the shoulder of the floating valve core 7, and is further throttled and depressurized, thereby accurately regulating the hydrogen pressure in the connecting cavity and making the pressure reach a stable state. After multi-stage throttling and decompression, the hydrogen with stable pressure finally flows out from the outlet 91, enters the hydrogen use pipeline, and is supplied to the subsequent use link. During the operation of the device, if the working conditions change, such as the change of the input hydrogen pressure or the change of the hydrogen usage flow rate, the device performance can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting rod 11. When the adjusting rod 11 rotates, the contact position between it and the floating valve core 7 changes, thereby adjusting the size of the first throttling gap, so that the device can flexibly adjust the throttling degree according to the actual working conditions, optimize the pressure reduction performance, and keep the outlet hydrogen pressure stable.

[0052] Abnormal pressure handling stage: When the hydrogen pressure in the connecting cavity is greater than the design pressure, the valve body 2 overcomes the elastic force of the compression spring 4 under the action of the air pressure and slides downward. When the valve body 2 slides to the position where the pressure relief port 101 is opened, part of the hydrogen begins to flow out from the pressure relief port 101, releasing the air pressure in the connecting cavity, avoiding damage to the device and the entire hydrogen use system caused by excessive pressure, and ensuring the safety of the system.

[0053] Pressure relief working stage: As hydrogen flows out from the pressure relief port 101, the air pressure in the communication chamber gradually decreases. When the pressure is lower than the design pressure, the compression spring 4 restores its elastic force, presses the valve body 2 against the top of the valve housing 1, closes each pressure relief port 101, and the device returns to normal working state, continuing to maintain a stable hydrogen pressure reduction output.

[0054] During the entire use process, the various components in the device work together. The first sealing ring 10 prevents hydrogen leakage between the regulating rod 11 and the gland 9; the second and third sealing rings prevent hydrogen leakage at the connection parts between the gland 9 and the valve housing 1, and between the valve body 2 and the valve housing 1; the balancing air hole 102 on the fixed ring plate ensures smooth expansion and contraction of the compression spring 4; the regulating rod 11 of the pentagonal column section 111 not only ensures the stability and accuracy of the adjustment, but also assists in hydrogen throttling and optimizes the flow distribution. Through these coordinations, the device realizes efficient and stable high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief functions, providing reliable protection for the hydrogen use system.

[0055] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device, characterized in that: include: A valve housing (1), wherein a first end and a second end of the valve housing (1) are arranged opposite to each other and are connected to each other, and the interior of the valve housing (1) is a valve cavity, and a plurality of pressure relief ports (101) are provided on a side wall close to the first end, and the pressure relief ports (101) are used to communicate with a pressure relief hydrogen collection pipe; A gland (9), the gland (9) being tightly connected to the first end of the valve housing (1), the gland (9) being provided with a gas outlet (91), the gas outlet (91) being used to communicate with a hydrogen use pipeline; A valve body (2), the valve body (2) being movable and sealingly abutting against the inner wall of the valve cavity, the valve body (2) being provided with a first accommodating cavity on one side corresponding to the second end of the valve housing (1), a communicating cavity being provided between the top of the valve body (2) and the gland (9), the communicating cavity being used to connect the first accommodating cavity with the gas outlet (91); A porous counter-throttling member (3), the porous counter-throttling member (3) being tightly connected to the first accommodating chamber, the flow divider (31) having an air inlet (311) and a plurality of counter-throttling channels, the air inlet (311) being used to communicate with a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, the first ports of the plurality of counter-throttling channels being arranged relative to each other so that the relatively outflowing hydrogen forms a gas counter-throttling to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen and reduce the hydrogen flow rate and kinetic energy, and being connected to the connecting chamber; and An air outlet pressure control component, wherein the air outlet pressure control component is configured such that when the pressure of the gas entering the connecting cavity is less than a preset pressure, the air outlet pressure control component drives the valve body (2) to move toward the pressure cover (9) to close the plurality of pressure relief ports (101); when the pressure of the gas entering the connecting cavity is greater than the preset pressure, the valve body (2) slides downward and slides to a position where the pressure relief ports (101) are opened so that part of the gas flows out from the pressure relief ports (101) to release the air pressure in the connecting cavity.

2. The nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second accommodating chamber is provided between the valve body (2) and the valve housing (1) and on one side close to the second end, and the outlet pressure control component is an elastic pressure component, which is located in the second accommodating chamber.

3. The nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-hole counter-throttling member (3) comprises a flow divider (31) and a counter-throttling member (32); the flow divider (31) is tightly connected to the first accommodating chamber and has a plurality of flow divider holes therein; the air inlet (311) is arranged at one end of the flow divider (31) away from the first accommodating chamber and is connected to the plurality of flow divider holes; The counter-impact piece (32) is connected to a side of the diverter piece (31) corresponding to the first end and is provided with a counter-impact cavity therein, the counter-impact cavity is connected to the connecting cavity, a plurality of throttling counter-impact holes connected to the counter-impact cavity are provided on the side wall of the counter-impact piece (32), the diverter hole and the corresponding throttling counter-impact hole form the counter-impact channel.

4. The nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air inlet (311) is coaxially arranged with the flow divider (31), and the number of the flow divider holes is two, namely a first flow divider hole (312) and a second flow divider hole (313). The bottoms of the first flow divider hole (312) and the second flow divider hole (313) are in communication with the air inlet (311), and the tops of the first flow divider hole (312) and the second flow divider hole (313) are in communication with the top surface of the flow divider (31) and are located away from the axis of the flow divider (31). 313) are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the diverter (31), each of the throttling counter-punching holes on the counter-punching member (32) close to the first diverter hole (312) is a first throttling counter-punching hole (321), and each of the throttling counter-punching holes on the counter-punching member (32) close to the second diverter hole (313) is a first throttling counter-punching hole (322), the first diverter hole (312) and the first throttling counter-punching hole (321) form a first counter-punching channel, and the second diverter hole (313) and the second throttling counter-punching hole (322) form the second counter-punching channel.

5. The nested high-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure relief integrated device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The valve body (2) further comprises a valve seat (5) and a floating valve core (7). A third accommodating chamber and a fourth accommodating chamber are further provided in the middle of the valve body (2). The third accommodating chamber is communicated with the first accommodating chamber, the fourth accommodating chamber is communicated with the third accommodating chamber, and the fourth accommodating chamber is communicated with the connecting chamber. The valve seat (5) is arranged in the third accommodating chamber and is connected to the valve body (2) by interference fit, and the bottom of the valve seat (5) is pressed tightly against the top of the counter-acting member (32). A first throttling gap is provided between the valve seat (5) and the floating valve core (7). The valve seat (5) is provided with a connecting hole (51), and the connecting hole (51) is used to connect the first throttling gap and the counter-acting chamber. A plurality of throttling holes (71) are evenly distributed on the shoulder of the floating valve core (7), and the throttling holes (71) are used to connect the first throttling gap and the connecting chamber.

6. The nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The valve body (2) further comprises an adjusting rod (11), a threaded hole is provided in the middle of the pressure cover (9), and a fifth accommodating chamber is provided in the valve body (2), and the fifth accommodating chamber is used to connect the fourth accommodating chamber and the connecting chamber, the adjusting rod (11) is tightly connected with the threaded hole, and one end of the adjusting rod (11) is used to pass through the fifth accommodating chamber and contact the floating valve core (7) so as to be able to adjust the size of the first throttling gap, and a second throttling gap is provided between the part of the adjusting rod (11) located in the fifth accommodating chamber and the valve body (2), and the second throttling gap is used to connect the fourth accommodating chamber and the connecting chamber.

7. The nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjusting rod (11) comprises a threaded section and a pentagonal column section (111), the threaded section being threadedly connected to the threaded hole, the pentagonal column section (111) being used to be arranged in the fifth accommodating chamber, and the gap formed between the pentagonal column and the valve body (2) being the second throttling gap.

8. The nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting ring, which is fixedly connected to the fourth accommodating chamber and is located on a side of the floating valve core (7) corresponding to the adjusting rod (11) to limit the moving position of the floating valve core (7).

9. The nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic member is a compression spring (4); a fixing ring plate is provided on the inner wall of the second end of the valve housing (1); a side edge of the fixing ring plate is clearance-matched with the valve body (2); the top of the fixing ring plate is the second accommodating chamber; one end of the compression spring (4) is fixedly connected to the fixing ring plate and the other end is fixedly connected to the valve body (2); a plurality of balancing air holes (102) are provided on the fixing ring plate; and the balancing air holes (102) are connected to the second accommodating chamber.

10. A method for using the nested high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing and relieving integrated device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Normal decompression working stage: high-pressure hydrogen enters the air inlet (311) of the multi-porous counter-throttling component (3) from the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, and the multi-porous counter-throttling component (3) evenly distributes the hydrogen to each counter-throttling channel. The hydrogen flows in opposite directions at the first ports of the plurality of counter-throttling channels to form a counter-throttling, thereby achieving initial decompression, reducing the hydrogen pressure, flow rate and kinetic energy. The decompressed hydrogen enters the connecting cavity from the inner cavity of the counter-throttling component (32), and the hydrogen with stable pressure finally flows out from the air outlet (91) and enters the hydrogen use pipeline to be supplied to the subsequent use links; Abnormal pressure handling stage: when the hydrogen pressure in the connecting cavity is greater than the design pressure, the valve body (2) overcomes the control of the outlet pressure control component under the action of the air pressure, slides toward the second section of the valve housing (1), and slides to the position of opening the pressure relief port (101), and part of the hydrogen begins to flow out from the pressure relief port (101), releasing the air pressure in the connecting cavity.

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