Flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The application discloses a flow distribution device for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and relates to the field of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, which comprises a socket, a distribution cylinder and a distribution ring; the distribution cylinder is a hollow structure with an open upper end, the socket is fixedly connected to the upper end of the distribution cylinder, and the distribution cylinder is communicated with the inlet of a head through the socket; a plurality of first distribution holes are arranged in multiple circles on the upper and lower sides of the side wall of the distribution cylinder, and the sizes of the first distribution holes decrease from top to bottom; a plurality of second distribution holes are concentrically arranged at the bottom of the distribution cylinder, and the sizes of the second distribution holes decrease from outside to inside; the distribution ring is coaxially arranged below the distribution cylinder, and a plurality of third distribution holes are concentrically arranged on the distribution ring. The application has the advantages that fluid can be evenly introduced into heat exchange tubes, and the application is convenient to process and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of shell and tube heat exchangers, and in particular to a flow distribution device for shell and tube heat exchangers. Background Art

[0002] Shell and tube heat exchangers, especially when there is gas-liquid two-phase flow in the tube-side heat exchange, often experience uneven liquid distribution. The liquid flow in some heat exchange tubes is large, while other heat exchange tubes are easily short-circuited. This will lead to a low overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger, which in turn requires a larger heat exchange area, resulting in low economic efficiency and space utilization.

[0003] Patent document CN114963840A discloses a Coanda flow guide head for a plate heat exchanger. The shape of the head shell and the shape of the layered guide plates are both based on the Coanda effect, allowing the fluid to flow to the core channel of the heat exchanger on its own. The shape of the guide plates of the existing flow distribution device needs to be processed according to a specific curve. The shape is complex and the number is large, which makes processing difficult. In addition, only dedicated flow guide heads can be used, and shell and tube heat exchangers with existing heads cannot be modified, resulting in poor versatility. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to make the fluid enter the heat exchange tube more evenly to facilitate processing and use.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: a flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a socket, a distribution cylinder and a distribution ring; the distribution cylinder is a hollow structure with an open upper end, the socket is fixedly connected to the upper end of the distribution cylinder, and the distribution cylinder is connected to the inlet of the head through the socket; multiple circles of first distribution holes are arranged up and down around the side wall of the distribution cylinder, and the size of the first distribution holes decreases from top to bottom; multiple circles of second distribution holes are concentrically arranged at the bottom of the distribution cylinder, and the size of the second distribution holes decreases from outside to inside; the distribution ring is coaxially arranged below the distribution cylinder, and the distribution ring is provided with multiple circles of concentrically arranged third distribution holes.

[0006] As an optimized technical solution, the inner corners of the first distribution hole and the second distribution hole are both arc chamfered, which can minimize pressure loss.

[0007] As an optimized technical solution, the sum of the opening areas of the first distribution hole and the second distribution hole is consistent with the area of ​​the inlet of the distribution cylinder, thereby ensuring that the flow rate is basically consistent.

[0008] As an optimized technical solution, the first distribution holes are rectangular, the second distribution holes in the innermost circle are triangular, and the second distribution holes in the remaining circles are elliptical.

[0009] As an optimized technical solution, the radial widths of the third distribution holes are equal.

[0010] As an optimized technical solution, the distribution ring includes a plurality of concentric circular rings with different diameters, the radius difference of each circular ring is equal, and the third distribution hole is formed between adjacent circular rings.

[0011] As an optimized technical solution, the outer diameter of the distribution ring is 2 / 5 to 3 / 5 of the radius of the heat exchanger tube sheet.

[0012] As an optimized technical solution, the distance between the distribution ring and the heat exchanger tube sheet is 1 / 5R to 1 / 3R, where R is the radius of the tube sheet.

[0013] As an optimized technical solution, the flow distribution device for the shell and tube heat exchanger further includes a support seat, and the support seat is fixedly connected between the distribution cylinder and the distribution ring.

[0014] As an optimized technical solution, the support seat includes a plurality of right-angled trapezoidal support plates, each support plate is evenly arranged in a circle and the center parts are fixedly connected together.

[0015] The advantages of the present invention are: the flow of materials before entering the tube side of the shell and tube heat exchanger is distributed by the distribution cylinder and the distribution ring, so that the fluid can enter the heat exchange tube more evenly; the opening of the first distribution hole and the second distribution hole follows the principle of first large and then small from top to bottom and from outside to inside, which is conducive to the fluid entering the outer ring of the tube plate, which is conducive to heat exchange, increases the heat transfer coefficient, and improves the heat exchange efficiency; the distribution ring plays a role in distribution and turbulence, causing the fluid to sputter and improve the effect of uniform distribution; the structure is simple, easy to process and use; the shell and tube heat exchanger with an existing head can be modified by designing a socket of suitable size, and has good versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is an axonometric diagram of a flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger installed in a head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of an axonometric view of a flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the dispensing cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a socket 1, a distribution cylinder 2, a support seat 3 and a distribution ring 4.

[0021] The socket 1 is used to be inserted into the inner side of the inlet of the head 5 to play a fixing role.

[0022] The distribution cylinder 2 is used to distribute the flow. The distribution cylinder 2 is a hollow cylinder with an open upper end. The socket 1 is welded to the upper end of the distribution cylinder 2. The distribution cylinder 2 is connected to the inlet of the head 5 through the socket 1.

[0023] There are multiple circles of first distribution holes 21 arranged up and down around the side wall of the distribution tube 2. The multiple first distribution holes 21 in each circle are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the size of the first distribution holes 21 decreases from top to bottom. The bottom of the distribution tube 2 is concentrically arranged with multiple circles of second distribution holes 22. The multiple second distribution holes 22 in each circle are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the size of the second distribution holes 22 decreases from outside to inside. The openings of the first distribution holes 21 and the second distribution holes 22 follow the principle of first large and then small from top to bottom and from outside to inside, which is conducive to the fluid entering the outer circle of the tube plate and facilitating heat exchange.

[0024] The first distribution holes 21 are rectangular, the innermost circle of second distribution holes 22 are triangular, and the remaining circles of second distribution holes 22 are elliptical. The inner corners of the first distribution holes 21 and the second distribution holes 22 are smooth arc chamfers, which can minimize pressure loss.

[0025] The sum of the opening areas of the first distribution hole 21 and the second distribution hole 22 is substantially consistent with the area of ​​the inlet of the distribution cylinder 2, thereby ensuring that the flow rate is substantially consistent.

[0026] The support seat 3 is welded between the distribution barrel 2 and the distribution ring 4 for connecting the distribution barrel 2 and the distribution ring 3. The support seat 3 includes four right-angled trapezoidal support plates, each support plate is evenly arranged in a circle and the center part is welded together.

[0027] The distribution ring 4 is coaxially arranged below the distribution cylinder 2, the distribution ring 4 comprises a plurality of concentrically different-diameter ring circles, the radius difference of each ring circle is equal, the third distribution holes 41 are formed between adjacent ring circles, thereby forming a plurality of concentrically arranged third distribution holes 41 with equal radial width; the outer diameter of the distribution ring 4 is 2 / 5-3 / 5 of the radius of the tube sheet of the heat exchanger; the distance between the distribution ring 4 and the tube sheet of the heat exchanger is determined according to the flow rate and the radius R of the tube sheet, and the distance of 1 / 5R-1 / 3R is usually suitable.

[0028] Working principle: if the distribution device is not used, after the fluid enters the inlet of the head 5, most of the fluid will flow into the central heat exchange pipe along the axial direction of the inlet, resulting in the condition that the flow rate in the outer circle is less than that in the inner circle, and the number of heat exchange pipes in the outer circle of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is large, so that the heat exchange coefficient is larger and the heat exchange efficiency is higher when heat exchange is performed through the outer circle pipe; by arranging the flow distribution device for the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the embodiment of the application, after the fluid enters the inlet of the head 5, the fluid will be sprayed along the radial direction of the distribution cylinder 2 through the distribution cylinder 2, more fluid flows out from the upper part of the first distribution hole 21 and the second distribution hole 22 in the outer circle, and less fluid flows out from the upper part of the first distribution hole 21 and the second distribution hole 22 in the inner circle, which is consistent with the expectation, that is, the outer circle heat exchange pipe obtains more fluid, and the inner circle heat exchange pipe obtains less fluid; the distribution ring 4 also plays a distribution role, when the fluid falls on the distribution ring 4, the distribution ring 4 will play a flow disturbance role to splash the fluid, thereby improving the uniform distribution effect.

[0029] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application, but not limit the application; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent ones; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application.

Claims

1. A flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger, characterized in that: It includes a socket, a distribution barrel and a distribution ring; the distribution barrel is a hollow structure with an open upper end, the socket is fixedly connected to the upper end of the distribution barrel, and the distribution barrel is connected to the inlet of the head through the socket; multiple circles of first distribution holes are arranged up and down around the side wall of the distribution barrel, and the size of the first distribution holes decreases from top to bottom; multiple circles of second distribution holes are concentrically arranged at the bottom of the distribution barrel, and the size of the second distribution holes decreases from outside to inside; the distribution ring is coaxially arranged below the distribution barrel, and the distribution ring is provided with multiple circles of concentrically arranged third distribution holes.

2. The flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner corners of the first distribution hole and the second distribution hole are both arc chamfers.

3. The flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sum of the opening areas of the first distribution hole and the second distribution hole is consistent with the area of ​​the inlet of the distribution cylinder.

4. The flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first distribution holes are rectangular, the innermost circle of second distribution holes are triangular, and the remaining circles of second distribution holes are elliptical.

5. The flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial widths of the third distribution holes are equal.

6. The flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distribution ring includes a plurality of concentric circular rings with different diameters, the radius difference of each circular ring is equal, and the third distribution hole is formed between adjacent circular rings.

7. The flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the distribution ring is 2 / 5 to 3 / 5 of the radius of the heat exchanger tube sheet.

8. The flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the distribution ring and the tube sheet of the heat exchanger is 1 / 5R to 1 / 3R, where R is the radius of the tube sheet.

9. The flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow distribution device for the shell and tube heat exchanger further includes a support seat, which is fixedly connected between the distribution cylinder and the distribution ring.

10. The flow distribution device for a shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that: The support seat includes a plurality of right-angled trapezoidal support plates, each support plate is evenly arranged in a circle and the central parts are fixedly connected together.

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