On-site mixed explosive small-dose pumping system and method for tunneling blasting

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of charge blasting construction, in particular to an on-site mixed charge explosive small-dose pumping system and method for tunneling blasting. Wherein the pumping system comprises a semi-finished product conveying system, a first additive conveying system, a second additive conveying system and a static mixer; the pumping method comprises the following steps: S1, drilling a rock mass to obtain a blast hole; s2, a static mixer is inserted into the bottom of the blast hole; s3, according to the explosive loading amount and the material proportion of the single blast hole, the movement speed and stroke of a semi-finished product servo electric cylinder, the movement speed and stroke of a first additive servo electric cylinder and the movement speed and stroke of a second additive servo electric cylinder are set correspondingly; and S4, a charging program is started, charging and tube drawing are carried out at the same time, and all the single plunger pumps pump all the materials into the blast holes in proportion at a time according to the movement speed and stroke set by the charging program, so that charging is completed. According to the invention, each material can be accurately pumped according to the process proportioning requirement under the condition of small explosive load of the field mixed explosive in the tunneling engineering, so that the performance and the stability of the explosive are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of charge blasting construction, and in particular to an on-site mixed explosive small-volume pumping system and method for tunnel excavation blasting. Background Art

[0002] In the field of charge blasting construction technology for tunnel excavation, the face is often arranged with dozens or even hundreds of blast holes, with a diameter of 40-50mm and a depth of about 3m. In the past, packaged explosives were mostly used for charge blasting, but the efficiency of using packaged explosives is low, the cost of explosives is high, and more importantly, a large number of people are required to load the explosives at the same time, which is not conducive to on-site safety management.

[0003] In recent years, some tunnel blasting operations have used a linkage double-acting plunger pump to pump the on-site mixed emulsion explosives into the blastholes for charging blasting. However, the characteristics of tunnel charging blasting are multiple holes and small charge amount. The charge amount of each blasthole is only about 3kg, and the charging time of each blasthole is only a few seconds. The double-acting plunger pump needs to travel back and forth several times to complete the charging of a blasthole. When the double-acting plunger pump is reversing, the material in the pipeline hardly flows. The pulsation during the pumping process will cause the material ratio to fluctuate, affecting the performance of the explosive. When using a screw pump for small flow rate delivery, the pumping pulsation is large, and it is difficult to accurately control the material ratio, resulting in unstable explosive quality. In addition, it takes a certain amount of time for the charging system to perform PID (proportional-integral-differential) adjustment on the flow rate of each pumped material, but the charging time of each blasthole is too short, and it is impossible to accurately control the explosive component ratio by accurately controlling the flow rate of each material. All of these will have a great impact on the quality of the explosives loaded into the blasthole, and even cause quality accidents. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a small-volume pumping system and method for on-site mixed explosives for tunnel excavation blasting. The small-volume pumping system for on-site mixed explosives for tunnel excavation blasting is used to implement a small-volume pumping method for on-site mixed explosives for tunnel excavation blasting. It can realize the accurate pumping of various materials according to the process ratio requirements under the condition of small charge amount of on-site mixed explosives in tunnel excavation projects to ensure the performance and stability of the explosives.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a small-volume pumping system for on-site mixed explosives for tunnel excavation and blasting, comprising: a semi-finished product conveying system, a first additive conveying system, a second additive conveying system and a static mixer; the semi-finished product conveying system comprises a semi-finished product single plunger pump, a semi-finished product servo electric cylinder and a semi-finished product silo respectively arranged on the piston rod and the feed port of the semi-finished product single plunger pump, the first additive conveying system comprises a first additive single plunger pump, a first additive servo electric cylinder and a first additive silo respectively arranged on the piston rod and the feed port of the first additive single plunger pump, the second additive conveying system comprises a second additive single plunger pump, a second additive servo electric cylinder and a second additive silo respectively arranged on the piston rod and the feed port of the second additive single plunger pump, the discharge ports of the semi-finished product single plunger pump, the first additive single plunger pump and the second additive single plunger pump are respectively connected to the static mixer, and the volumes of the semi-finished product single plunger pump, the first additive single plunger pump and the second additive single plunger pump are greater than the volumes of each material required for the maximum charge of a blasthole.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, during tunnel excavation and blasting, if mixed explosives and small amounts of explosives are to be charged on site, it is only necessary to add the semi-finished explosives to the semi-finished product bin, add the first additive to the first additive bin, and add the second additive to the second additive bin, and then discharge the semi-finished explosives into the semi-finished product single plunger pump, discharge the first additive into the first additive single plunger pump, and discharge the second additive into the second additive single plunger pump. After that, the semi-finished product servo electric cylinder pushes the semi-finished explosives into the static mixer, the first additive servo electric cylinder pushes the first additive into the static mixer, and the second additive servo electric cylinder pushes the second additive into the static mixer. Finally, the static mixer mixes the semi-finished explosives, the first additive, and the second additive, and the mixed explosives can be loaded into the blasthole. In the above process, by controlling the movement speed and stroke of the push rod of each servo electric cylinder, each single plunger pump can complete the charging action of a blasthole according to the process ratio and the requirements of the blasting design charge once. Therefore, it is possible to mix explosives on site in tunnel excavation projects and accurately pump each material according to the process ratio requirements in the case of a small charge, thereby ensuring the performance and stability of the explosives.

[0008] Optionally, the on-site mixed explosive small-volume pumping system for tunnel excavation and blasting also includes: a mixing joint and a charging pipe, the discharge ports of the semi-finished product single-plunger pump, the first additive single-plunger pump, and the second additive single-plunger pump are respectively connected to the feed port of the mixing joint, the discharge port of the mixing joint is connected to the static mixer, the charging pipe is installed at the discharge port of the mixing joint, and the static mixer is installed in the charging pipe.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the mixing joint can facilitate the connection between each single plunger pump and the static mixer. By designing the length of the charging tube, the static mixer can be adapted to the depth of the blasthole and help the static mixer extend into the bottom of the blasthole.

[0010] Optionally, the discharge ports of the semi-finished product single plunger pump, the first additive single plunger pump and the second additive single plunger pump are respectively connected to the semi-finished product delivery pipe, the first additive delivery pipe and the second additive delivery pipe, and the semi-finished product delivery pipe, the first additive delivery pipe and the second additive delivery pipe are respectively connected to the mixing joint.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, adding a corresponding delivery pipe can facilitate the static mixer to extend into the bottom of the blasthole.

[0012] Optionally, the feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the semi-finished product single-plunger pump, the first additive single-plunger pump, and the second additive single-plunger pump are all installed with a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is located in the corresponding single-plunger pump.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the one-way valve can prevent the material from flowing in the reverse direction.

[0014] Optionally, the discharge ports of the semi-finished product single plunger pump, the first additive single plunger pump, and the second additive single plunger pump are all equipped with a pressure transmitter, a flow meter, and a temperature transmitter.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the pressure transmitter, flow meter and temperature transmitter can monitor the delivery pressure, delivery flow and working temperature.

[0016] Optionally, a first additive atomizing nozzle and a second additive atomizing nozzle are installed at one end of the first additive delivery pipe and the second additive delivery pipe close to the mixing joint, respectively.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the first additive atomizing nozzle and the second additive atomizing nozzle can respectively improve the uniformity when initially mixing with the semi-finished explosive product.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for pumping small amounts of mixed explosives on site for tunnel excavation blasting, which is applied to the small amount of mixed explosives pumping system on site for tunnel excavation blasting as described in the first aspect, and comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1: Drilling holes in the rock mass to obtain blast holes.

[0020] S2: Insert the static mixer into the bottom of the blasthole.

[0021] S3: According to the charge amount and material ratio of a single blast hole, the movement speed and stroke of the semi-finished product servo electric cylinder, the first additive servo electric cylinder, and the second additive servo electric cylinder are set respectively.

[0022] S4: Start the charging program and pull out the tube while charging. Each single plunger pump pumps each material into the blast hole at a time according to the proportions according to the movement speed and stroke set in the charging program to complete the charging.

[0023] Optionally, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0024] The semi-finished product servo electric cylinder, the first additive servo electric cylinder and the second servo electric cylinder respectively push the semi-finished product single plunger pump, the first additive single plunger pump and the second additive single plunger pump to pump the semi-finished explosive, the first additive and the second additive to the static mixer respectively. The static mixer statically mixes the semi-finished explosive, the first additive and the second additive and then loads them into the blast hole.

[0025] In summary, the present invention at least includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] The present invention can solve the problem of inaccurate material ratio caused by pumping pulsation in the scene of small-volume mixed explosive charging on site, especially solves the problem of small-volume charging in horizontal hole blasting in tunnel blasting operations. It can realize accurate control of the charge amount and charge group ratio of each blast hole, which is beneficial to improve the blasting quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a small-volume pumping system for on-site mixed explosives for tunnel excavation blasting in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for pumping small amounts of mixed explosives on site for tunnel excavation blasting in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. mixing joint; 2. charging tube; 3. static mixer; 4. semi-finished product servo electric cylinder; 5. semi-finished product single plunger pump; 6. semi-finished product silo; 7. first additive servo electric cylinder; 8. first additive single plunger pump; 9. first additive silo; 10. second additive servo electric cylinder; 11. second additive single plunger pump; 12. second additive silo; 13. semi-finished product delivery pipe; 14. first additive delivery pipe; 15. second additive delivery pipe; 17. pressure transmitter; 18. flow meter; 19. temperature transmitter; 20. first additive atomizing nozzle; 21. second additive atomizing nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] The terms used in the following embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be used as limitations of the present invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular expressions "one", "a kind of", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include plural expressions, unless there is a clear contrary indication in its context. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the present invention refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more listed items. The term "exemplary" means "used as an example, embodiment or illustrative", and any embodiment described as "exemplary" here does not have to be interpreted as being superior to or better than other embodiments. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as implying or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" can expressly or implicitly include one or more of these features, and in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0032] The embodiment of the present invention provides a small-volume pumping system for mixed explosives on site for tunnel excavation blasting.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 A small-volume pumping system for mixing explosives on site for tunnel excavation and blasting includes: a semi-finished product conveying system, a first additive conveying system, a second additive conveying system, a mixing joint 1, a charging pipe 2 and a static mixer 3.

[0034] The semi-finished product conveying system, the first additive conveying system, and the second additive conveying system are respectively connected to the feed port of the mixing joint 1, and the discharge port of the mixing joint 1 is connected to the static mixer 3. The charge tube 2 is installed at the discharge port of the mixing joint 1, and the static mixer 3 is installed in the charge tube 2. By designing the length of the charge tube 2, the static mixer 3 can be adapted to the depth of the blasthole, and it is helpful for the static mixer 3 to extend into the bottom of the blasthole.

[0035] The semi-finished product conveying system includes a semi-finished product servo electric cylinder 4, a semi-finished product single plunger pump 5 and a semi-finished product silo 6. The piston rod of the semi-finished product single plunger pump 5 is connected to the push rod of the semi-finished product servo electric cylinder 4, and the discharge port of the semi-finished product silo 6 is connected to the feed port of the semi-finished product single plunger pump 5 through a pipeline. The first additive conveying system includes a first additive servo electric cylinder 7, a first additive single plunger pump 8 and a first additive silo 9. The piston rod of the first additive single plunger pump 8 is connected to the push rod of the first additive servo electric cylinder 7. The discharge port of the first additive silo 9 is connected to the feed port of the first additive single plunger pump 8 through a pipeline. The second additive conveying system includes a second additive servo electric cylinder 10, a second additive single plunger pump 11 and a second additive silo 12. The piston rod of the second additive single plunger pump 11 is connected to the push rod of the second additive servo electric cylinder 10. The discharge port of the second additive silo 12 is connected to the feed port of the second additive single plunger pump 11 through a pipeline. Discharge valves are provided at the discharge ports of the semi-finished product silo 6, the first additive silo 9 and the second additive silo 12 to facilitate the control of discharge.

[0036] The discharge port of the semi-finished product single plunger pump 5 is connected to a semi-finished product delivery pipe 13, the discharge port of the first additive single plunger pump 8 is connected to a first additive delivery pipe 14, the discharge port of the second additive single plunger pump 11 is connected to a second additive delivery pipe 15, and the semi-finished product delivery pipe 13, the first additive delivery pipe 14 and the second additive delivery pipe 15 are respectively connected to the feed port of the mixing joint 1.

[0037] Among them, the capacity of the semi-finished product single plunger pump 5 exceeds the charging demand of the semi-finished explosive required for a blasthole, the capacity of the first additive single plunger pump 8 exceeds the charging demand of the first additive required for a blasthole, and the capacity of the second additive single plunger pump 11 exceeds the charging demand of the second additive required for a blasthole. When charging, each servo electric cylinder drives the corresponding single plunger pump to move, and the corresponding single plunger pump can complete the charging action of a blasthole according to the process ratio and the requirements of the blasting design charging amount by pushing it once. The motion parameters of each servo electric cylinder can be set separately. By accurately controlling the motion of each servo electric cylinder, the pushing speed and pushing stroke of each plunger pump can be accurately controlled. After that, the semi-finished explosive, the first additive and the second additive are mixed in the static mixer 3, and then the ratio and charging amount of each material are accurately controlled, and the mixed explosive is loaded into the blasthole. After a period of time, the explosive can be formed.

[0038] At the same time, the feed port and discharge port of the semi-finished single plunger pump 5, the feed port and discharge port of the first additive single plunger pump 8, and the feed port and discharge port of the second additive single plunger pump 11 are all installed with a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is located in the corresponding single plunger pump so that the material can only enter but not exit at the feed port, and can only exit but not enter at the discharge port, so as to avoid the reverse flow of the material. The discharge port of the semi-finished single plunger pump 5, the discharge port of the first additive single plunger pump 8, and the discharge port of the second additive single plunger pump 11 are all installed with a pressure transmitter 17, a flow meter 18, and a temperature transmitter 19 to realize the monitoring of the material.

[0039] A first additive atomizing nozzle 20 is installed at one end of the first additive delivery pipe 14 close to the mixing joint 1. The first additive atomizing nozzle can reversely spray the first additive into the semi-finished explosive. A second additive atomizing nozzle 21 is installed at one end of the second additive delivery pipe 15 close to the mixing joint 1. The second additive atomizing nozzle 21 can make the injection direction of the second additive the same as the flow direction of the semi-finished explosive. The first additive atomizing nozzle 20 and the second additive atomizing nozzle 21 are both located inside the mixing joint 1. The first additive atomizing nozzle 20 and the second additive atomizing nozzle 21 can respectively improve the uniformity of the initial mixing with the semi-finished explosive.

[0040] Finally, it should be understood that if the types of additives are other quantities, the additive delivery system can be increased or decreased accordingly.

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for pumping small amounts of mixed explosives on site for tunnel excavation blasting.

[0042] refer to Figure 2 A method for pumping small quantities of mixed explosives on site for tunnel excavation blasting comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1: Drilling holes in the rock mass to obtain blast holes.

[0044] S2: Insert the static mixer 3 into the bottom of the blast hole.

[0045] S3: According to the charge amount and material ratio of a single blast hole, the movement speed and stroke of the semi-finished product servo electric cylinder 4, the first additive servo electric cylinder 7, and the second additive servo electric cylinder 10 are set respectively.

[0046] S4: Start the charging program and pull out the tube while charging. Each single plunger pump pumps each material into the blast hole at a time according to the proportions according to the movement speed and stroke set in the charging program to complete the charging.

[0047] Specifically, the semi-finished product servo electric cylinder 4, the first additive servo electric cylinder 7, and the second servo electric cylinder 10 respectively push the semi-finished product single plunger pump 5, the first additive single plunger pump 8, and the second additive single plunger pump 11 to pump the semi-finished explosive, the first additive, and the second additive to the static mixer 3, respectively. The static mixer 3 statically mixes the semi-finished explosive, the first additive, and the second additive and then loads them into the blast hole.

[0048] Specifically, multiple blastholes are obtained by drilling holes in the rock mass, and the charging tube 2 is placed near the bottom of the blasthole. The set charging program is started, and the tube is pulled out while charging. Each plunger pump pushes the material once to complete a blasthole. When the charge of a blasthole is completed, the program controls each plunger pump to re-inhale the material to prepare for the charging of the next blasthole. This process is repeated until all blastholes are loaded. According to the on-site blasting requirements, different densities of explosives can be loaded in different blastholes. It is only necessary to adjust the pushing speed and stroke of the first additive servo electric cylinder 7 and the second additive servo electric cylinder 10 according to the process requirements.

[0049] When the semi-finished product single plunger pump 5 sucks material, the semi-finished explosive in the semi-finished product bin 6 enters the cavity of the semi-finished product single plunger pump 5 through the pipeline. When the semi-finished product single plunger pump 5 pushes material, the semi-finished explosive in the cavity of the semi-finished product single plunger pump 5 enters the mixing joint 1 through the discharge port and the semi-finished product delivery pipe 13; when the first additive single plunger pump 8 sucks material, the first additive in the first additive bin 9 enters the cavity of the first additive single plunger pump 8 through the pipeline. When the first additive single plunger pump 8 pushes material, the first additive in the cavity of the first additive single plunger pump 8 enters the mixing joint 1 through the discharge port and the first additive delivery pipe 14; the second additive single plunger pump 1 When sucking materials, the second additive in the second additive silo 12 enters the cavity of the second additive single plunger pump 11 through the pipeline; when the second additive single plunger pump 11 pushes materials, the second additive in the cavity of the second additive single plunger pump 11 enters the mixing joint 1 through the discharge port and the second additive delivery hose; inside the mixing joint 1, the first additive is reversely sprayed into the interior of the semi-finished explosive through the first additive atomizing nozzle 17, and the second additive is forwardly sprayed into the interior of the semi-finished explosive through the second additive atomizing nozzle 18; the three materials are mixed evenly in the charging tube 2 through the static mixer 3 and then enter the blast hole, and the explosive is formed after a period of time.

[0050] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to introduce the technical solution of the present invention in detail, but the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by technicians in this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small-volume pumping system for on-site mixed explosives for tunnel excavation blasting, characterized in that: include: A semi-finished product conveying system, a first additive conveying system, a second additive conveying system and a static mixer (3); the semi-finished product conveying system comprises a semi-finished product single plunger pump (5), a semi-finished product servo electric cylinder (4) and a semi-finished product silo (6) respectively arranged on the piston rod and the feed port of the semi-finished product single plunger pump (5); the first additive conveying system comprises a first additive single plunger pump (8), a first additive servo electric cylinder (7) and a first additive silo (9) respectively arranged on the piston rod and the feed port of the first additive single plunger pump (8); the second additive conveying system comprises a semi-finished product single plunger pump (5), a semi-finished product servo electric cylinder (4) and a semi-finished product silo (6) respectively arranged on the piston rod and the feed port of the first additive single plunger pump (8); The system comprises a second additive single plunger pump (11), a second additive servo electric cylinder (10) and a second additive silo (12) respectively arranged on the piston rod and the feed port of the second additive single plunger pump (11); the discharge ports of the semi-finished product single plunger pump (5), the first additive single plunger pump (8) and the second additive single plunger pump (11) are respectively connected to the static mixer (3); and the volumes of the semi-finished product single plunger pump (5), the first additive single plunger pump (8) and the second additive single plunger pump (11) are greater than the volumes of the materials required for the maximum charge amount of a blasthole.

2. The on-site mixed explosive small-volume pumping system for tunnel excavation blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises: a mixing joint (1) and a charge tube (2); the discharge ports of the semi-finished product single plunger pump (5), the first additive single plunger pump (8), and the second additive single plunger pump (11) are respectively connected to the feed port of the mixing joint (1); the discharge port of the mixing joint (1) is connected to the static mixer (3); the charge tube (2) is installed at the discharge port of the mixing joint (1); and the static mixer (3) is installed in the charge tube (2).

3. The on-site mixed explosive small-volume pumping system for tunnel excavation blasting as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge ports of the semi-finished product single plunger pump (5), the first additive single plunger pump (8), and the second additive single plunger pump (11) are respectively connected to a semi-finished product delivery pipe (13), a first additive delivery pipe (14), and a second additive delivery pipe (15); and the semi-finished product delivery pipe (13), the first additive delivery pipe (14), and the second additive delivery pipe (15) are respectively connected to a mixing joint (1).

4. The on-site mixed explosive small-volume pumping system for tunnel excavation blasting as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the semi-finished product single plunger pump (5), the first additive single plunger pump (8), and the second additive single plunger pump (11) are all equipped with a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is located in the corresponding single plunger pump.

5. The on-site mixed explosive small-volume pumping system for tunnel excavation blasting as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge ports of the semi-finished product single plunger pump (5), the first additive single plunger pump (8) and the second additive single plunger pump (11) are all equipped with a pressure transmitter (17), a flow meter (18) and a temperature transmitter (19).

6. The on-site mixed explosive small-volume pumping system for tunnel excavation blasting as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A first additive atomizing nozzle (20) and a second additive atomizing nozzle (21) are respectively installed at one end of the first additive delivery pipe (14) and the second additive delivery pipe (15) close to the mixing joint (1).

7. A method for pumping small quantities of mixed explosives on site for tunnel excavation blasting, applied to the small quantity pumping system for pumping small quantities of mixed explosives on site for tunnel excavation blasting as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: drilling a hole in the rock mass to obtain a blast hole; S2: insert the static mixer (3) into the bottom of the blasthole; S3: According to the charge amount and material ratio of a single blast hole, the movement speed and stroke of the semi-finished product servo electric cylinder (4), the first additive servo electric cylinder (7), and the second additive servo electric cylinder (10) are set respectively; S4: Start the charging program and pull out the tube while charging. Each single plunger pump pumps each material into the blast hole at a time according to the proportions according to the movement speed and stroke set in the charging program to complete the charging.

8. The on-site mixed explosive small-volume pumping method for tunnel excavation blasting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises the following steps: The semi-finished product servo electric cylinder (4), the first additive servo electric cylinder (7), and the second servo electric cylinder (10) respectively push the semi-finished product single plunger pump (5), the first additive single plunger pump (8), and the second additive single plunger pump (11) to pump the semi-finished explosive, the first additive, and the second additive to the static mixer (3), respectively. The static mixer (3) statically mixes the semi-finished explosive, the first additive, and the second additive and then loads the mixture into the blast hole.

Images