Automatic water level monitoring system, monitoring method and monitoring well based on buoyancy conversion elevation

Abstract

The application provides an automatic water level monitoring system based on buoyancy conversion elevation, a monitoring well and a water level monitoring method. The monitoring system comprises a buoyancy unit, a tension detection unit, a water level identification unit, a processor, a driving unit and a reading unit. The buoyancy unit floats in underground water in the monitoring well. The tension detection unit is arranged on the buoyancy unit. The water level identification unit can be wound and stretched when the water level changes. The tension detection unit is used for detecting the tension change of the water level identification unit when the water level changes, and can transmit the detection data to the processor. When the actual tension of the water level identification unit is inconsistent with the tension threshold, the processor sends an instruction to the driving unit. The driving unit drives the water level identification unit to rise or fall to raise or lower the buoyancy unit according to the instruction of the processor. The reading unit is used for reading the value of the water level identification unit and determining the water level in the monitoring well. The application is based on the design of buoyancy conversion elevation, and can improve the real-time performance, accuracy and stability of water level monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering construction dewatering technology, and in particular to water level monitoring, specifically to an automated water level monitoring system, monitoring method and monitoring well based on buoyancy conversion elevation. Background Technology

[0002] In foundation pit engineering, underground engineering, and other projects involving soil excavation, groundwater has a significant impact on the safety of the project. Therefore, real-time monitoring of groundwater levels is necessary during construction. Currently, commonly used groundwater level monitoring methods include: manual measurement, automated measurement based on the photoelectric refraction principle, and automated measurement based on the capacitance principle. Manual measurement: When a steel ruler water level gauge sensor probe contacts the water body, it generates an induced electromotive force. After circuit processing, it emits an audible and visual indication, which is then manually read from the measuring ruler to determine the difference in water level between the water surface and the ground. Automated measurement based on the photoelectric refraction principle: This detection method uses a light source emitted from inside the sensor. The light is totally reflected by transparent resin to the sensor receiver. However, when it encounters the liquid surface, some light is refracted back into the liquid. The sensor detects the decrease in the amount of light reflected back to monitor the liquid level. Automated measurement based on the capacitance principle: Capacitive measurement primarily measures the water level by detecting changes in capacitance caused by changes in liquid level height.

[0003] Manual measurement methods require manual reading and operation, making real-time monitoring of groundwater levels impossible. Automated measurement methods based on photoelectric refraction can only be used with transparent liquids and only output switching signals; in actual measurements, groundwater in observation wells is often turbid, compromising accuracy. Automated measurement methods based on capacitance are susceptible to the influence of environmental conditions and solution properties on the capacitive sensor. In summary, existing methods have the following drawbacks:

[0004] (1) Poor real-time performance

[0005] Conventional devices cannot accurately capture real-time changes in water levels, and data feedback is not timely.

[0006] (2) Low accuracy

[0007] The equipment has low accuracy; currently, the monitoring accuracy is mostly at the decimeter level, which does not meet the requirements for monitoring deep foundation pits.

[0008] (3) Prone to failure

[0009] Currently, there is a lack of water level gauges specifically designed for monitoring deep wells under complex conditions. In actual construction, the level gauges used for automated water level monitoring are easily affected by silt and debris in the well, often resulting in failure and inaccurate data. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an automated water level monitoring system, monitoring method and monitoring well based on buoyancy conversion elevation, so as to solve one or more shortcomings of the prior art.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0012] The first aspect of this invention provides an automated water level monitoring system based on buoyancy-based elevation conversion, comprising a buoyancy unit, a tension detection unit, a water level marking unit, a processor, a drive unit, and a reading unit, wherein:

[0013] The buoyancy unit floats in the groundwater in the monitoring well and is at least partially submerged below the water surface; the tension detection unit is disposed on the buoyancy unit; the drive unit and processor are disposed outside the monitoring well; one end of the water level indicator unit is connected to the tension detection unit, and the other end is wound and connected to the drive unit, so that it can be wound and extended when the water level changes.

[0014] The tension detection unit is used to detect the tension change of the water level indicator unit when the water level changes, and can transmit the detection data to the processor; the processor is electrically connected to the drive unit, and is used to receive and process the tension change of the water level indicator unit detected by the tension detection unit. The processor has a preset tension threshold, and when the actual tension of the water level indicator unit is inconsistent with the tension threshold, it sends an instruction to the drive unit; the drive unit drives the water level indicator unit to rise or fall according to the processor's instruction to rise or fall the buoyancy unit, until the actual tension of the water level indicator unit is consistent with the tension threshold again;

[0015] The reading unit is located outside the monitoring well and is used to read the value of the water level indicator unit and determine the water level inside the monitoring well.

[0016] Optionally, the buoyancy unit is a float filled with a liquid of the same density as the groundwater in the monitoring well and sealed.

[0017] Optionally, the tension detection unit uses a tension sensor.

[0018] Optionally, the water level marking unit is a reading ruler, the driving unit is an electric motor, one end of the reading ruler is connected to the tension detection unit, and the other end is wound and connected to the output end of the electric motor.

[0019] Optionally, the reading unit includes:

[0020] The rotating wheel is connected to an electric motor and can be driven to rotate by the electric motor. The rotating wheel is wound around the reading ruler and has several infrared reflection points evenly spaced around it in a circumferential direction.

[0021] An infrared sensor is placed at a predetermined position near the impeller, corresponding to the infrared recognition area on the impeller, to identify the infrared reflection point on the impeller and calculate the length of the measuring tape, thereby obtaining the water level difference.

[0022] Alternatively, the reading unit may include:

[0023] A rotating wheel, connected to an electric motor, is capable of being driven to rotate by the electric motor, and the rotating wheel is wound around the reading tape measure;

[0024] A CCD image sensor is positioned near the rotating wheel at a predetermined location, and a recognizable measurement barcode is printed on the reading ruler for the CCD image sensor to identify and interpret.

[0025] Optionally, the identifiable measurement barcode is a 10mm × 10mm segment, including:

[0026] Leading area: Located at the top, it is used to separate adjacent coding areas. The CCD image sensor can identify the start of a new code segment and capture the image through the leading area.

[0027] Ten-meter identification area: Located below the leading area, it is a horizontal barcode. The ten-meter reading is achieved by recognizing the width ratio of the black and white barcode.

[0028] Centimeter-level identification area: Located below the ten-meter-level identification area, it consists of three vertical barcodes, corresponding to the meter, decimeter, and centimeter levels from one side to the other. The centimeter level can be determined by recognizing the ratio of the black and white barcode heights of the three vertical barcodes.

[0029] Millimeter-level precision reading area: Located on the right side, after the leading area judges the new code segment, the CCD image sensor outputs the millimeter-level reading by capturing the overlapping part between the line of sight and the barcode.

[0030] A second aspect of the present invention provides an automated water level monitoring method based on the above-mentioned automated water level monitoring system, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Set the tensile threshold F of the processor. 拉 This ensures that its weight is the same as that of the water level indicator unit;

[0032] The tension detection unit detects the tension value F of the water level indicator unit in real time. ’ 拉 and transmit it to the processor;

[0033] The processor receives the tensile force F. ’ 拉 and compare it with the tensile threshold F 拉The comparison and determination are performed, and corresponding drive commands are sent to the drive unit based on the determination result:

[0034] If F ’ 拉 =F 拉 The drive unit is not working.

[0035] If F ’ 拉 >F 拉 The driving unit drives the lowering of the water level indicator unit until F ’ 拉 =F 拉 The drive unit stops working.

[0036] If F ’ 拉 <F 拉 The driving unit drives the water level indicator unit to rise until F ’ 拉 =F 拉 The drive unit stops working;

[0037] The reading unit reads the actual tensile force value F. ’ 拉 With tensile threshold F 拉 The value of the water level indicator unit is determined under the consistent state, and the water level in the monitoring well is determined.

[0038] A third aspect of the present invention provides an automated water level monitoring well based on buoyancy conversion elevation, including a monitoring well unit and the aforementioned automated water level monitoring system.

[0039] Optionally, the monitoring well includes:

[0040] Bridge-type water filter pipes have at least one circumferentially concave bridge-shaped gap in their pipe body to reduce the entry of particulate matter;

[0041] An outer filter screen is provided, which extends along the entire length of the bridge-type water filter pipe and covers the outer perimeter of the pipe body.

[0042] The steel ring is fastened to the outer filter screen at the joint of two adjacent bridge-type water filter pipes to securely connect the bridge-type water filter pipes.

[0043] Optionally, the bridge-type water filter pipe has a socket-type pipe structure, with its upper and lower ends having mutually matching sockets.

[0044] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: The automated water level monitoring system, method, and monitoring well based on buoyancy conversion elevation provided by this invention aim to improve the real-time performance, accuracy, and stability of water level monitoring through comprehensive hardware and software design. Specifically, it can bring at least the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. The structure and connection method of the monitoring well have been optimized. By optimizing the socket and external filter, the common problem of siltation in silty soil affecting water level monitoring has been avoided.

[0046] 2. A novel measurement system was designed to obtain water surface elevation data by utilizing the relationship between buoyancy and gravity, thereby avoiding the error sources of conventional level gauges in deep foundation pit water level measurement in principle.

[0047] 3. An observation system using infrared sensors for counting was designed, achieving an observation accuracy of 4cm, which meets the needs of conventional water level monitoring.

[0048] 4. A set of observation systems based on CCD image recognition was designed, and a set of codes was designed specifically. At the same time, a decoding unit was set up at the wellhead to provide readings and data calculations, and the data was transmitted to the monitoring platform in real time, providing four-dimensional monitoring in three-dimensional space and time sequence. The system can monitor the rate of water level rise and the rising water level in real time, so that the observation accuracy reaches 0.2mm, which meets the needs of dynamic monitoring of water level in deep foundation pits.

[0049] It should be understood that the implementation of any embodiment of the present invention does not mean that it will simultaneously possess or achieve multiple or all of the above-mentioned beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0051] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall layout of an automated water level monitoring well as one implementation method;

[0053] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the structural composition of an automated water level monitoring system based on buoyancy conversion elevation according to one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a buoyancy-based elevation conversion measuring unit according to one embodiment;

[0055] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a reading system according to one embodiment;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a reading system according to one embodiment;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a two-encoded code segment of a reading system according to one embodiment;

[0058] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a reading system with CCD recognition according to one embodiment (26.455m).

[0059] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the monitoring well casing structure in one embodiment;

[0060] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a monitoring well socket for one implementation method;

[0061] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a monitoring well in one implementation method;

[0062] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a water level monitoring method according to one embodiment.

[0063] Marked in the image:

[0064] Buoyancy unit 1, tension detection unit 2, water level marking unit 3, processor 4, drive unit 5, reading unit 6, wheel 61, infrared sensor 62, infrared reflection point 63, CCD image sensor 64, measuring barcode 65, bridge-type filter pipe 7, outer filter screen 8, fastening steel ring 9, bridge-shaped gap 10, socket 11.

[0065] Monitoring well 100.

[0066] In the various figures, the same or corresponding reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0068] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] It should be understood that the terms "comprising / including," "consisting of," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but may also include, where necessary, other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product, apparatus, process, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising / including," "consisting of," does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, apparatus, process, or method that includes said element.

[0070] It should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0071] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0072] To address the shortcomings of existing monitoring methods, such as poor real-time performance, low accuracy, and susceptibility to failure, this invention provides an automated water level monitoring well, aiming to improve the real-time performance, accuracy, and stability of water level monitoring through integrated hardware and software design.

[0073] 1. Through hardware and software design, the goal is to achieve real-time and comprehensive feedback on water level changes;

[0074] 2. Improve the accuracy of water level monitoring, from decimeter-level accuracy to centimeter-level or even millimeter-level accuracy;

[0075] 3. Improve the stability of monitoring instruments in complex underground environments and reduce the impact of the environment on monitoring accuracy.

[0076] like Figure 1 As shown, the overall concept and composition of the automated water level monitoring well of this invention can be divided into a monitoring well, a measuring unit, a reading unit, and a decoding unit. During the measurement process, two measurement methods with different accuracies are selectively employed based on actual conditions. One method is based on infrared recognition technology, with a water level measurement accuracy of ≤0.1m; the other is based on CCD sensor recognition technology and incorporates a measuring rope encoding and decoding mechanism, with a water level measurement accuracy of ≤1mm. The two monitoring systems respectively meet monitoring requirements under different accuracy conditions and can also be combined for observation, data comparison, and verification of data validity.

[0077] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and views.

[0078] Current water level monitoring primarily targets the liquid level in rivers and other similar environments. For deep well water level monitoring, pressure-based level gauges are commonly used. However, due to the inability to accurately measure the actual well depth, the accuracy of initial water level measurements is insufficient, and the accuracy of calculated water levels cannot be guaranteed. To improve measurement accuracy and avoid the need for initial well depth data acquisition, based on construction experience, an automated water level monitoring system based on buoyancy-based elevation conversion is proposed. This system is applied to a monitoring well 100 to achieve real-time, high-precision monitoring of the water level within the well. Figure 2 As shown, it mainly includes a buoyancy unit 1, a tension detection unit 2, a water level marking unit 3, a processor 4, a drive unit 5, and a reading unit 6.

[0079] Specifically, the buoyancy unit 1 and the tension detection unit 2 are located inside the monitoring well 100, while the processor 4 and the drive unit 5 are located outside the monitoring well 100, for example, at a suitable location outside the wellhead, and can be installed and fixed to a fixed facility by a fixing plate (shown in the blue rectangular area in the figure).

[0080] In some embodiments, the buoyancy unit 1 is a float. The present invention uses a hollow plastic cylindrical tube with a wall thickness of 2mm, a diameter of 10cm and a height of 15cm. It is filled with a liquid with the same density as the groundwater in the monitoring well and sealed so that it can float stably in the groundwater in the monitoring well.

[0081] In some embodiments, the tension detection unit 2 employs a tension sensor, which is disposed on the upper surface of the float, for example, by adhesive or screws. The tension sensor is connected to the processor 4 at the wellhead via a data cable.

[0082] The water level indicator unit 3 adopts a long strip or strip structure and is made of soft material. It is used to extend into the well from above the wellhead to monitor the water level height and water level changes. One end of it is connected to the tension detection unit 2 inside the well, and the other end is connected to the drive unit 5 outside the wellhead. It can be wound and extended by the drive unit 5 when the water level rises or falls.

[0083] In some embodiments, the water level marking unit 3 uses a reading tape measure, such as a soft measuring tape, and the driving unit 5 uses an electric motor. One end of the reading tape measure is connected to the top of the tension sensor, and the other end is wound and connected to the output end of the electric motor, such as being wound around the output shaft of the electric motor, so that the reading tape measure can be "tightened" or "untied" by the rotation of the electric motor when needed.

[0084] The reading unit 6 is located outside the monitoring well 100. After the above-mentioned error is eliminated, the value of the water level indicator unit 3 is read by the reading unit 6 and the water level in the monitoring well 100 is determined thereby.

[0085] Buoyancy unit 1 floats in the groundwater within the monitoring well and is at least partially submerged below the water level. When the hollow plastic cylinder is submerged, it is always subjected to three forces: its own weight G, the buoyancy force F exerted by the liquid in the well, and so on. 浮 The tension F of water level indicator unit 3 拉 Among them, F 拉 The preset tension threshold should ensure that the water level indicator unit 3 is always in a vertical position to ensure the accuracy of water level monitoring.

[0086] Specifically, when the water level changes, the buoyancy unit 1 can float or sink accordingly, causing the water level indicator unit 3 to react and its tension to change. The tension detection unit 2 is used to detect the tension change of the water level indicator unit 3 and can transmit the detection data to the processor 4. The processor 4 is electrically connected to the drive unit 5 and is used to receive and process the tension change of the water level indicator unit 3 detected by the tension detection unit 2. The processor 4 is preset with a tension threshold F. 拉 (Tension threshold F) 拉 It can be the tension value of the buoyancy unit 1 at a certain water level in the initial state (the tension value of the water level indicator unit 3 at a certain water level), and the detected actual tension F of the water level indicator unit 3. ’ 拉 With tensile threshold F 拉 In comparison, under the actual tensile force F ’ 拉 With tensile threshold F 拉 In case of inconsistency, an instruction is sent to the drive unit 5; the drive unit 5, according to the instruction from the processor 4, drives the water level indicator unit 3 to raise or lower the buoyancy unit 1, until the actual pulling force F of the water level indicator unit 3 is reached. ’ 拉 With tensile threshold F 拉 The purpose of this consistency measure is to ensure that the water level of the buoyancy unit 1 immersed in the monitoring well 100 remains consistent at all times.

[0087] For example, when the water level rises, the volume of liquid submerged in the hollow plastic cylinder increases, and the force F acting on the hollow plastic cylinder increases.浮 As the weight increases, its own weight G remains constant, and buoyancy unit 1 rises accordingly. Water level indicator unit 3 curls and shortens, at which point the actual pulling force F of water level indicator unit 3... ’ 拉 When the tension decreases, the tension detection unit 2 detects the decrease and sends the detection data to the processor 4. The processor 4 calculates and sends a command to the drive unit 5. The drive unit 5 then "retracts" the water level indicator unit 3, that is, it lifts the hollow plastic cylinder to counteract its shortening, i.e., it raises the water level indicator unit 3 upwards, so that the actual tension F... ’ 拉 With tensile threshold F 拉 Once the signals are synchronized again, the electric motor stops working.

[0088] Similarly, when the water level drops, the volume of liquid submerged in the hollow plastic cylinder decreases, and the force F acting on the hollow plastic cylinder increases. 浮 As the weight of the buoyancy unit decreases, its own weight G remains constant, and the buoyancy unit 1 sinks accordingly. The water level indicator unit 3 is stretched, and at this time, the actual tension F of the water level indicator unit 3 is... ’ 拉 As the tension increases, the tension detection unit 2 detects the increase and sends the detection data to the processor 4. The processor 4 calculates the data and sends a command to the drive unit 5. The drive unit 5 then "releases" the water level indicator unit 3, lowering the hollow plastic cylinder to counteract the stretching. This means lowering the water level indicator unit 3 to reduce the actual tension F. ’ 拉 With tensile threshold F 拉 Once again, they are in agreement.

[0089] In summary, when the water level changes, the water level indicator unit 3 is adjusted by an electric motor. Whether it is "retracted" or "released," the ultimate goal is to keep the water level height of the hollow plastic cylinder immersed in the monitoring well 100 consistent. With a consistent immersion height, the buoyancy force on the buoyancy unit 1 remains constant. This eliminates the monitoring error caused by the change in the length of the water level indicator unit 3 when the water level changes (a change in the length of the water level indicator unit 3 changes its weight, which in turn changes the original force balance system and the immersion depth of the buoyancy unit 1, causing monitoring errors). This is especially important for high-precision monitoring.

[0090] See Figure 3 , 4This invention provides a specific implementation of the reading unit 6, referred to as reading system one, which includes a rotating wheel 61 and an infrared sensor 62. The rotating wheel 61 is connected to an electric motor and can be driven to rotate by the electric motor. A reading tape is wound on the rotating wheel 61, and a plurality of infrared reflection points 63 are evenly spaced around the rotating wheel 61. The infrared sensor 62 is positioned near the rotating wheel 61 at a predetermined location, corresponding to the infrared recognition area on the rotating wheel 61. It is used to identify the infrared reflection points 63 on the rotating wheel 61 and calculate the length of the reading tape, thereby obtaining the water level difference, i.e., the difference between the water level and the ground surface. The water level height can be further calculated based on the ground surface elevation.

[0091] The measurement principle of reading unit 6 is as follows: by adding an infrared sensor and setting b infrared reflection points on the rotating wheel, the number of reflections n1 is recorded. The diameter at the measuring point of the rotating wheel is set as D, and the elevation corresponding to the non-integer circles of the rotating wheel is set as h1. The highest accuracy of the system is σ. h1 This means that the length of the measuring tape is calculated in reverse to obtain the water level difference:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Note: When D=20cm is selected, the value of b increases, σ h1 The accuracy can be increased accordingly, but considering the area of ​​the rotating wheel and the actual installation position of the reflection point, b=16 and σ are selected. h1 =4cm.

[0096] Due to inherent limitations of the system, the aforementioned reading unit can only achieve a measurement accuracy of 4cm. While this is sufficient for conventional water level monitoring, higher requirements are often placed on urban deep foundation pit dewatering measurements. Single static data cannot satisfy users' desire to predict water level trends by observing small variables in the well over a period of time. Based on this need, this invention further provides another reading unit solution to meet such requirements.

[0097] See also Figure 3 and combined Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides another, more accurate implementation of the reading unit 6, referred to as reading system two. The reading unit 6 includes a rotating wheel 61 and a CCD image sensor 64. The rotating wheel 61 is connected to an electric motor and can be driven to rotate by the electric motor. The rotating wheel 61 is wound with a reading tape measure. The CCD image sensor 64 is arranged at a predetermined position near the rotating wheel 61, and the reading tape measure has an identifiable measurement barcode 65 for the CCD image sensor 64 to identify and interpret.

[0098] By using a CCD image sensor and designing a set of identifiable barcodes, which are then written on the measuring scale, the CCD element is used to recognize and interpret the image, thereby achieving precise positioning and reading of the measuring scale.

[0099] This invention designs a 10mm×10mm code segment and selects a 12mm×12mm CCD chip to ensure that the resolution of the hardware-recognized image meets the accuracy requirements. The accuracy of this system is determined by the encoding, σ h2 =1mm, and the encoding-related description will be elaborated in detail later.

[0100] Due to the relative fluctuations in water level, the millimeter readings fluctuate significantly. To reduce redundant data and provide more accurate data services, the program is designed to observe 25 readings within 10 seconds. These readings are then compared and corrected with the XX.Xm data from Reading System 1 (the data format of Reading System 1). Separate iterative adjustments are then performed for the centimeter and millimeter readings. For example, during data comparison and interpretation, the decimeter readings of the two systems should be consistent. If they are inconsistent, an alarm is triggered, and manual verification confirms consistency. Only after this verification is complete are the centimeter and millimeter readings processed. The system inputs 25 sets of data, calculates the average, and limits the error to 3 times σ. h2 The data is carefully analyzed, unfavorable data is filtered out, and the mean is assumed to be true. The mean error is then calculated for subsequent data. If the mean error does not meet the accuracy requirement of 1 times σ, then... h2 The data is carefully read, new data is repeatedly entered, and calculations are performed until the data meets the accuracy requirements.

[0101] Regarding the aforementioned reading system two, this invention proposes a new encoding and decoding method to determine: the position of the line of sight of the CCD image sensor; after the CCD image sensor acquires the code of the code area, the code area number is obtained according to the relationship between adjacent barcode identifiers in the code area, thus obtaining the coarse measurement value of each barcode; the fine measurement value of the barcode can be obtained from the height value represented by each pixel of the CCD image sensor and the pixel of each barcode in the code area to the reference line; the coarse measurement value and the fine measurement value are combined into the final measurement result.

[0102] like Figure 6 As shown, the 10mm×10mm code segment is divided into four regions: the preamble region, the 10-meter identification region, the centimeter identification region, and the millimeter precision reading region.

[0103] Preamble: By setting a preamble in each code segment, adjacent code segments are separated. The camera can use the preamble to identify the start of a new code segment and capture images.

[0104] Ten-meter identification zone: Below the leading zone, a horizontal coding area is set. Through this coding area, the width ratio of the black and white barcode is identified, enabling 10-meter reading from 10 to 50 meters (e.g., X0.000M). The coding rules are shown in Table 1, which outlines the relationship between the numeric code and the black and white barcode.

[0105] Centimeter-level recognition area: Below the ten-meter-level recognition area, three vertical barcodes are set up, corresponding to the meter, decimeter, and centimeter positions from left to right. The centimeter position can be determined by recognizing the ratio of the black and white barcode heights of the three barcodes (e.g., XX.XX0M).

[0106] Millimeter-level precision reading area: Since the code segment is 10mm × 10mm, a millimeter-level precision reading area is set on the right side. After the new code segment is read through the leading area, the CCD image sensor captures the overlapping area between the line of sight and the barcode to output the millimeter-level reading (e.g., XX.XXXM). Detailed reading diagram is shown below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0107] Table 1. Relationship between numeric codes and black and white barcodes

[0108]

[0109] Based on the above measurement principles, the obtained data is automatically read. This invention proposes two monitoring systems to meet monitoring requirements under different accuracy conditions, and can also be combined for observation to verify the validity of the data.

[0110] With the help of the aforementioned automated water level monitoring system, this invention relates to an automated water level monitoring well based on buoyancy conversion elevation.

[0111] During the construction of deep foundation pits in cities, multiple observation wells are often set up around the site. To ensure the accuracy of the observations, the observation wells only monitor the static water level. Therefore, in the actual construction process, after the initial well cleaning, the observation wells are prone to siltation due to various geological conditions, especially in silty soil and silty clay layers. This leads to the disconnection of the water system inside and outside the well, thus limiting the observation.

[0112] To avoid this situation, based on construction experience, the following optimizations were made to the structure and construction method of the monitoring well, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the monitoring well consists of a bridge-type filter pipe 7, an outer filter screen 8, and a fastening steel ring 9.

[0113] The bridge-type water filter pipe adopts a steel pipe body structure, with at least one circumferentially concave bridge-shaped gap 10 in the pipe body. The bridge-shaped gap is at least 1.5mm to reduce the entry of particles. The outer filter screen 8 covers the outer perimeter of the bridge-type water filter pipe 7 along its length. The fastening steel ring 9 is fastened to the outer filter screen 8 at the joint of two adjacent sections of the bridge-type water filter pipe 7 to securely connect the bridge-type water filter pipe 7 and ensure that the filter screen is installed firmly and without damage.

[0114] See also Figure 9The bridge-type water filter pipe 7 has a socket-type pipe structure, with matching sockets 11 at its upper and lower ends. The lower socket 11 of the upper pipe body is inserted into the upper socket 11 of the lower pipe body, and the lower socket 11 of the bridge-type water filter pipe 7 is recessed, creating a gap between the lower and upper sockets 11 for the outer filter screen 8 to be embedded, sealing the joint. By adding sockets, actual construction is facilitated, and the tightness of the connection between steel pipe wells is increased, avoiding siltation caused by loose connections between pipes. The physical structure of the bridge-type water filter pipe 7 is as follows: Figure 10 As shown.

[0115] By optimizing the design of the monitoring wells, the probability of well collapse has been greatly reduced, ensuring that the monitoring wells are in normal working condition and providing a guarantee for the monitoring of groundwater levels.

[0116] Combination Figure 11 The automated water level monitoring method for the automated water level monitoring well of the present invention is as follows:

[0117] Set the tensile threshold F of processor 4. 拉 This makes its gravity the same as that of water level indicator unit 3;

[0118] The tension detection unit 2 detects the tension value F of the water level indicator unit 3 in real time. ’ 拉 And transmit it to processor 4;

[0119] Processor 4 receives the tensile force value F ’ 拉 and compare it with the tensile threshold F 拉 The comparison and judgment are performed, and the corresponding drive command is sent to drive unit 5 based on the judgment result:

[0120] If F ’ 拉 =F 拉 Drive unit 5 is not working.

[0121] If F ’ 拉 >F 拉 The drive unit 5 drives the lowering of the water level indicator unit 3 until F ’ 拉 =F 拉 Drive unit 5 stops working.

[0122] If F ’ 拉 <F 拉 Drive unit 5 drives the lifting water level indicator unit 3 until F ’ 拉 =F 拉 Drive unit 5 stops working;

[0123] Reading unit 6 reads the value of water level indicator unit 3 and determines the water level in the monitoring well.

[0124] The water level monitoring method of the automated water level monitoring system of this invention enables the actual tensile force F to be monitored. ’ 拉 With tensile threshold F 拉 Maintaining consistency means ensuring that the water level of the buoyancy unit 1 immersed in the monitoring well remains constant. With a consistent immersion height, the buoyancy force on the buoyancy unit 1 remains constant. This eliminates monitoring errors caused by changes in the length of the water level indicator unit 3 when the water level changes, ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0125] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that, without conflict, the above-mentioned preferred solutions can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0126] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated water level monitoring system based on buoyancy-based elevation conversion, characterized in that, It includes a buoyancy unit, a tension detection unit, a water level marking unit, a processor, a drive unit, and a reading unit, wherein: The buoyancy unit floats in the groundwater within the monitoring well unit and is at least partially submerged below the water surface; the tension detection unit is mounted on the buoyancy unit; the drive unit and processor are located outside the monitoring well unit; the water level indicator unit is a flexible ruler with one end connected to the tension detection unit and the other end wound around the drive unit, allowing it to be wound and extended when the water level changes. The tension detection unit is used to detect changes in the tension of the reading ruler when the water level changes, and can transmit the detected data to the processor. The processor is electrically connected to the drive unit and is used to receive and process the changes in the tension of the reading ruler detected by the tension detection unit. The processor has a preset tension threshold, and when the actual tension of the reading ruler is inconsistent with the tension threshold, it sends a command to the drive unit. The drive unit drives the reading ruler to rise or fall according to the processor's command to raise or lower the buoyancy unit until the actual tension of the reading ruler is consistent with the tension threshold again. The tension threshold is the same as the weight of the reading ruler, and the drive unit ensures that the reading ruler is always in a vertical state. The reading unit is located outside the monitoring well unit and is used to read the value of the reading tape and determine the water level inside the monitoring well unit; wherein The reading unit includes: A rotating wheel, connected to an electric motor, is capable of being driven to rotate by the electric motor, and the rotating wheel is wound around the reading tape measure; A CCD image sensor is positioned near the rotating wheel at a predetermined location, and a recognizable measurement barcode is printed on the reading scale for the CCD image sensor to identify and interpret. The identifiable measurement barcode is a 10mm × 10mm segment, including: Leading area: Located at the top, it is used to separate adjacent coding areas. The CCD image sensor can identify the start of a new code segment and capture the image through the leading area. Ten-meter identification area: Located below the leading area, it is a horizontal barcode. The ten-meter reading is achieved by recognizing the width ratio of the black and white barcode. Centimeter-level identification area: Located below the ten-meter-level identification area, it consists of three vertical barcodes, corresponding to the meter, decimeter, and centimeter levels from one side to the other. The centimeter level can be determined by recognizing the ratio of the black and white barcode heights of the three vertical barcodes. Millimeter-level precision reading area: Located on the right side, after the leading area reads a new code segment, the CCD image sensor captures the overlapping area between the line of sight and the barcode, and outputs a millimeter-level reading; and The tensile force detection unit uses a tensile force sensor.

2. The automated water level monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyancy unit is a float filled with a liquid of the same density as the groundwater in the monitoring well unit and sealed.

3. The automated water level monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit is an electric motor. One end of the reading ruler is connected to the tensile force detection unit, and the other end is wound and connected to the output end of the electric motor.

4. An automated water level monitoring method based on the automated water level monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Set the tensile force threshold F of the processor. 拉 This ensures that its weight is the same as that of the water level indicator unit; The tension detection unit detects the tension value F of the water level indicator unit in real time. ’ 拉 and transmit it to the processor; The processor receives the tensile force F. ’ 拉 and compare it with the tensile threshold F 拉 The comparison and determination are performed, and corresponding drive commands are sent to the drive unit based on the determination result: If F ’ 拉 =F 拉 The drive unit is not working. If F ’ 拉 >F 拉 The driving unit drives the lowering of the water level indicator unit until F ’ 拉 =F 拉 The drive unit stops working. If F ’ 拉 <F 拉 The driving unit drives the water level indicator unit to rise until F ’ 拉 =F 拉 The drive unit stops working; The reading unit reads the actual tensile force value F. ’ 拉 With tensile threshold F 拉 The value of the water level indicator unit is determined under the consistent state, and the water level in the monitoring well unit is determined.

5. An automated water level monitoring well based on buoyancy conversion elevation, characterized in that, It includes a monitoring well unit and an automated water level monitoring system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. The automated water level monitoring well according to claim 5, characterized in that, The monitoring well unit includes: Bridge-type water filter pipes have at least one circumferentially concave bridge-shaped gap in their pipe body to reduce the entry of particulate matter; An outer filter screen is provided, which extends along the entire length of the bridge-type water filter pipe and covers the outer perimeter of the pipe body. The steel ring is fastened to the outer filter screen at the joint of two adjacent bridge-type water filter pipes to securely connect the bridge-type water filter pipes.

7. The automated water level monitoring well according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bridge-type water filter pipe has a socket-type pipe structure, with matching sockets at its upper and lower ends.

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