A fire and impact real-time coupling anti-collapse performance test system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of anti-collapse performance test system of fire and impact real-time coupling can be realized, including movable hammer impact device, fire heating device, boundary restraint device and loading control and data acquisition device;Movable hammer impact device is used to apply arbitrary position impact load to "three column two beam" type substructure model;Fire heating device is used to heat substructure model, simulates real fire scene;Boundary restraint device is used to provide different boundary constraint conditions to substructure model;Loading control and data acquisition device are used to control fire heating and hammer impact process and collect test data.The present application can realize the anti-collapse performance test research of "three column two beam" type substructure model under the real-time coupling of fire and impact, can consider the influence of boundary constraint on the anti-collapse performance of substructure model, while arbitrary change of hammer impact position can be realized, to meet the diversity demand of anti-collapse performance test under multi-disaster coupling.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of building structure disaster prevention and mitigation, and particularly relates to a collapse-resistant performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy and urbanization construction, steel structures are increasingly widely used in multi-story and large public building fields due to their advantages of light weight, high strength, environmental protection, energy saving, rapid construction and the like. However, steel has poor fire resistance, and its mechanical properties such as yield strength can be deteriorated after experiencing high-temperature fire, so steel structures are more likely to collapse as a whole under fire than concrete structures.

[0003] The progressive collapse of steel structures is usually caused by initial local damage of the structure due to accidental actions such as explosion, impact or fire, which further triggers a larger range of collapse even overall collapse that is not proportional to the initial damage. From the perspective of the whole life cycle of building structures, the above-mentioned different disasters often have some relevance. For example, when a steel structure is subjected to fire, the upper floors fail due to fire, and the lower structure subjected to fire is also subjected to the impact of the falling components of the upper floors, resulting in overall collapse of the structure; fire causes explosion of explosive materials, and steel structure components are subjected to the combined action of fire and impact of explosion splashes, causing serious damage. Therefore, the research on the progressive collapse resistance of steel structures under the coupling action of fire and impact during the whole life cycle has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of structure disaster prevention and mitigation.

[0004] In order to minimize the risk of progressive collapse of steel structures after the coupling action of fire and impact, researchers must understand and master the component failure process of steel structures under the coupling action of fire and impact through model tests. At present, the research on building structure progressive collapse tests mainly focuses on the working state at room temperature, while the research on the collapse resistance of building structures under fire or high temperature is relatively less, and mostly adopts numerical simulation means. Due to the limitation of existing test equipment, there has been almost no research on the progressive collapse resistance test under the coupling action of fire and impact so far.

[0005] The anti-collapse, fire-resistant or impact-resistant test devices disclosed in the granted patents CN202010010128.1, CN201810730155.4, CN201910242376.6, CN201810985139.4, CN202010757704.9 and CN201710817352.X still have the following problems: (1) the real-time coupling of fire and impact load cannot be realized, and thus the failure process of the component under the coupling of fire and impact cannot be revealed; (2) the more widely used "three-column two-beam" type substructure in the anti-continuous collapse test cannot be used, and thus the influence of the peripheral constraint condition on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure cannot be considered; and (3) the arbitrary change of the drop hammer impact position cannot be realized, and thus the influence of different impact positions on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure cannot be studied.

[0006] To expand the research means of the anti-collapse performance of building structures under multiple disaster actions, the present application is dedicated to developing an anti-collapse test system and loading method capable of realizing the coupling of fire and impact, which can solve the above-mentioned problems. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to provide an anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing the real-time coupling of fire and impact, which adopts the more widely used "three-column two-beam" type substructure model in the anti-continuous collapse test, can study the influence of the peripheral constraint condition on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure model, and realizes the arbitrary change of the drop hammer impact position, and thus studies the influence of different impact positions on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure model.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following scheme: an anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing the real-time coupling of fire and impact, comprising

[0009] a fire temperature rising device for heating the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model, used for simulating the real fire occurrence scene;

[0010] a "three-column two-beam" type substructure model arranged inside the fire temperature rising device, used for bearing the impact load;

[0011] a boundary constraint device arranged outside the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model, used for supporting the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model and detecting the axial force and displacement of the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model when the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model bears the impact load;

[0012] a movable drop hammer impact device arranged above the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model, used for applying the impact load to the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model;

[0013] A support mechanism is arranged outside the fire heating device, and the movable drop hammer impact device is arranged on the support mechanism.

[0014] The fire heating device comprises a fire test furnace, a heating belt is arranged inside the fire test furnace, heat preservation cotton is arranged between the heating belt and the inner side wall of the fire test furnace, a signal line and a thermocouple one are further arranged inside the fire test furnace, and the thermocouple one is electrically connected with a fire furnace heating control system through the signal line.

[0015] The fire test furnace comprises a front plate block, a rear plate block, an upper plate block, a lower plate block and two side plate blocks, the front plate block, the rear plate block, the lower plate block and the two side plate blocks form a long rectangular parallelepiped with an open top end, the upper plate block is detachably arranged at the position of the open top end of the long rectangular parallelepiped, and the heat preservation cotton and the heating belt are arranged on the inner side walls of the front plate block, the rear plate block and the lower plate block.

[0016] The "three-column two-beam" type substructure model comprises a first side column and a second side column, the first side column and the second side column are vertically and detachably arranged at two ends inside the fire test furnace, a left cross beam segment one end arranged in a horizontal manner is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first side column close to the second side column, a right cross beam segment one end arranged in a horizontal manner is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second side column close to the first side column, a signal line and a thermocouple two are arranged at the top ends of the left cross beam segment and the right cross beam segment, and an impact stress part is fixedly connected between the other end of the left cross beam segment and the other end of the right cross beam segment.

[0017] The impact stress part comprises a failure middle column, the failure middle column is fixedly arranged between the left cross beam segment and the right cross beam segment, the failure middle column is vertically arranged, and a load sensor one and a displacement meter one are arranged at the top end of the failure middle column.

[0018] The top ends of the first side column and the second side column are provided with side column axial force self-balancing devices.

[0019] The boundary restraint device comprises two triangular counterforce frames, one of which is arranged correspondingly to the first side column, and the other of which is arranged correspondingly to the second side column, two horizontal jacks are arranged between the triangular counterforce frame and the first side column and / or the second side column, the two horizontal jacks are arranged in an upper and lower spaced manner, the fixed end of the horizontal jack is fixedly connected with the triangular counterforce frame, the movable end of the horizontal jack is hingedly connected with the first side column and / or the second side column, the movable end of the horizontal jack is provided with a displacement meter two, the horizontal jack arranged at the upper position is provided with a load sensor two, and the horizontal jack arranged at the lower position is provided with a load sensor three.

[0020] The movable falling hammer impact device comprises a slidable cross beam, the slidable cross beam is arranged in a sliding manner at the top end of the support mechanism, one end of a steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the two opposite side walls of the slidable cross beam, the other end of the steel wire rope is wound on a winch, the winch is fixedly arranged at the top end of the support mechanism, two truss guide rails are fixedly connected with the middle part of the bottom end of the slidable cross beam, the two truss guide rails are arranged in a vertical and spaced manner, and a gravity falling hammer is arranged in a sliding manner between the two truss guide rails, an electromagnet is arranged in the middle part of the bottom end of the slidable cross beam, the gravity falling hammer is magnetically connected with the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is electrically connected with a falling hammer control system.

[0021] The support mechanism comprises four frame columns, the four frame columns are arranged in a spaced manner, horizontal frame beams are fixedly connected between the top side walls of two adjacent frame columns, and the two opposite horizontal frame beams are parallel to each other.

[0022] The first side column and the left cross beam segment, the second side column and the right cross beam segment, the failure middle column and the left cross beam segment and the right cross beam segment are fixedly connected through overhanging end plate nodes.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0024] The application can realize real-time coupling of fire and impact, consider the influence of surrounding structure constraint effect, and realize arbitrary change of impact position by the cooperation of the movable drop hammer impact device, the boundary constraint device, the fire heating device, the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model and the loading control and data acquisition device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only represent some embodiments of the present application, and all other drawings obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort based on these drawings also belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0026] Figure 1 for the overall schematic of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 for the overall schematic of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 3 for the front view of the present application.

[0029] 12, failure middle column; 13, first side column; 14, second side column; 15, left span beam segment; 16, right span beam segment; 18, outer extending end plate node; 21, slidable cross beam; 22, truss guide rail; 23, gravity drop hammer; 24, steel wire rope; 25, winch; 31, frame column; 32, horizontal frame beam; 33, triangular counterforce frame; 34, horizontal jack; 35, side column axial force self-balancing device; 42, rear plate block; 43, upper plate block; 44, lower plate block; 51, drop hammer control system; 52, fire furnace heating control system; 61, signal line; 62, load sensor one; 63, load sensor two; 64, load sensor three; 65, thermocouple one; 66, thermocouple two; 67, displacement meter one; 68, displacement meter two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the drawings, the present application provides a collapse-resistant performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact, comprising

[0033] A fire heating device is used for heating the "three-column two-beam" substructure model to simulate a real fire occurrence scene.

[0034] The "three-column two-beam" substructure model is arranged inside the fire heating device, and the "three-column two-beam" substructure model is used to bear the impact load.

[0035] A boundary constraint device is arranged outside the "three-column two-beam" substructure model, and the boundary constraint device is used to support the "three-column two-beam" substructure model and detect the axial force and displacement of the "three-column two-beam" substructure model when the "three-column two-beam" substructure model bears the impact load.

[0036] A movable drop hammer impact device is arranged above the "three-column two-beam" substructure model, and the movable drop hammer impact device is used to apply the impact load to the "three-column two-beam" substructure model.

[0037] A support mechanism is arranged outside the fire heating device, and the movable drop hammer impact device is arranged on the support mechanism.

[0038] Further, the fire heating device comprises a fire test furnace, a heating belt is arranged inside the fire test furnace, heat insulation cotton is arranged between the heating belt and the inner side wall of the fire test furnace, a signal line 61 and a thermocouple 65 are further arranged inside the fire test furnace, and the thermocouple 65 is electrically connected with a fire furnace temperature control system 52 through the signal line 61.

[0039] Further, the fire test furnace comprises a front plate block, a rear plate block 42, an upper plate block 43, a lower plate block 44 and two side plate blocks, the front plate block, the rear plate block 42, the lower plate block 44 and the two side plate blocks form a rectangular parallelepiped with an open top end, the upper plate block 43 is detachably installed at the position of the open top end of the rectangular parallelepiped, and the heat insulation cotton and the heating belt are arranged at the inner side walls of the front plate block, the rear plate block 42 and the lower plate block 44.

[0040] The fire heating device is mainly used for surrounding the substructure model and heating the model. The front plate block, the rear plate block 42 and the lower plate block 44 are jointly connected to form a fixed part, and the upper plate block 43 can be hoisted and detached to form a movable part, so as to facilitate installation of the substructure model in place before heating. The thermocouple 65 is used for collecting the temperature in the furnace, the heating belt is connected with the fire furnace temperature control system 52, and the fire furnace temperature control system 52 can be freely adjusted according to the test requirements, so as to obtain different fire temperature rising processes.

[0041] Further, the "three-column two-beam" substructure model includes a first side column 13 and a second side column 14, which are vertically detachably arranged at both ends inside the fire test furnace, and the side wall of the first side column 13 is fixedly connected with one end of a horizontally arranged left cross beam segment 15, and the side wall of the second side column 14 is fixedly connected with one end of a horizontally arranged right cross beam segment 16, and the top end of the left cross beam segment 15 and the top end of the right cross beam segment 16 are both provided with a signal line 61 and a thermocouple 66, and the other end of the left cross beam segment 15 and the other end of the right cross beam segment 16 are fixedly connected with an impact stress part, and the left cross beam segment 15, the right cross beam segment 16 and the impact stress part are all located inside the fire test furnace.

[0042] Further, the impact stress part includes a failure middle column 12, which is fixedly arranged between the left cross beam segment 15 and the right cross beam segment 16, and the failure middle column 12 is vertically arranged, and the top end of the failure middle column 12 is provided with a load sensor 62 and a displacement meter 67.

[0043] Further, the top end of the first side column 13 and the top end of the second side column 14 are both provided with a side column axial force self-balancing device 35.

[0044] Further, the boundary constraint device includes two triangular counterforce frames 33, one triangular counterforce frame 33 is correspondingly arranged with the first side column 13, and the other triangular counterforce frame 33 is correspondingly arranged with the second side column 14, and the triangular counterforce frame 33 is provided with two horizontal jacks 34 between the first side column 13 and / or the second side column 14, and the two horizontal jacks 34 are arranged in an upper and lower interval, and the fixed end of the horizontal jack 34 is fixedly connected with the triangular counterforce frame 33, and the movable end of the horizontal jack 34 is hingedly connected with the first side column 13 and / or the second side column 14, and the movable end of the horizontal jack 34 is provided with a displacement meter 68, and the load sensor 63 is arranged on the upper horizontal jack 34, and the load sensor 64 is arranged on the lower horizontal jack 34.

[0045] The frame column 31 and the horizontal frame beam 32 are vertically connected by bolts to form a frame structure arranged longitudinally along the structure periphery. The two triangular counterforce frames 33 are hingedly connected to the top and middle positions of the first side column 13 and the second side column 14 through four horizontal jacks 34, and by applying different sizes of axial force to the four horizontal jacks 34, the research on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure model under different peripheral constraints is realized.

[0046] As an embodiment that can be added to the present application, the side column axial force self-balancing device 35 is composed of four high-strength threaded rods, vertical jacks (the head part is provided with a force sensor) and column end end plates, and through the side column axial force self-balancing device 35, different sizes of side column axial compression ratios can be applied to the substructure model, so as to reflect the effect of the gravity load transmitted to the substructure model.

[0047] Further, the movable falling weight impact device comprises a slidable crossbeam 21, the slidable crossbeam 21 is slidingly arranged at the top end of the support mechanism, one end of the steel wire rope 24 is fixedly connected in the two opposite side walls of the slidable crossbeam 21 respectively, the other end of the steel wire rope 24 is wound on the winch 25, the winch 25 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the support mechanism, two truss guide rails 22 are fixedly connected in the middle of the bottom end of the slidable crossbeam 21, the two truss guide rails 22 are vertically and spacedly arranged, the gravity falling weight 23 is slidingly arranged between the two truss guide rails 22, the middle of the bottom end of the slidable crossbeam 21 is provided with an electromagnet, the gravity falling weight 23 is magnetically connected with the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is electrically connected with the falling weight control system 51.

[0048] The truss guide rail 22 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the slidable crossbeam 21 by welding, and the gravity falling weight 23 is located between the two truss guide rails 22, and the truss guide rail 22 plays a guiding role in the falling process of the gravity falling weight 23. One end of the steel wire rope 24 is connected with the slidable crossbeam 21, and the other end is wound on the winch 25. The top of the gravity falling weight 23 is adsorbed with the electromagnet, the electromagnet is connected with the falling weight control system 51 through the wire, the change of the height of the gravity falling weight 23 and the release of the gravity falling weight 23 are controlled through the falling weight control system 51, so that different energy impact loads are applied to the failed middle column 12, and real-time data collection is carried out through the load sensor 62. In order to realize the arbitrary change of the impact position of the gravity falling weight 23, the slidable crossbeam 21 with the roller installed at both ends can be pulled to move in the flange guide rail of the support mechanism by starting the winch 25, so as to study the influence of different impact positions on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure model. In the present application, five special positions are selected for falling weight impact test, including the left end position of the left span beam section 15, the middle position of the left span beam section 15, the failed middle column 12 position, the middle position of the right span beam section 16, and the right end position of the right span beam section 16.

[0049] Further, the support mechanism comprises four frame columns 31, the four frame columns 31 are spacedly arranged, and the horizontal frame beams 32 are fixedly connected between the top side walls of the adjacent two frame columns 31, and the opposite two horizontal frame beams 32 are parallel to each other.

[0050] Further, the first side column 13 and the left span beam section 15, the second side column 14 and the right span beam section 16, the failed middle column 12 and the left span beam section 15 and the right span beam section 16 are fixedly connected through the outer extension end plate node 18.

[0051] Signal line 61, load sensor one 62, load sensor two 63, load sensor three 64, thermocouple one 65, thermocouple two 66, displacement meter one 67 and displacement meter two 68 together constitute a data acquisition device. Load sensor one 62 and displacement meter one 67 are respectively used to test the instantaneous impact force and instantaneous displacement of the impact site; load sensor two 63 and displacement meter two 68 are respectively used to test the axial pressure and axial displacement applied to the first side column 13 and the second side column 14 by the horizontal jack 34; load sensor three 64 is used to monitor whether the axial pressure ratio applied to the first side column 13 and the second side column 14 changes during the fire heating process; thermocouple one 65 and thermocouple two 66 are both arranged inside the fire heating device, and thermocouple two 66 is in contact with the left cross beam segment 15 and the right cross beam segment 16, and thermocouple one 65 and thermocouple two 66 are both connected with the signal line 61, wherein thermocouple one 65 is used to measure the temperature in the furnace, and thermocouple two 66 is used to measure the temperature on the surface of the left cross beam segment 15 and the right cross beam segment 16.

[0052] The working process of the present application is as follows:

[0053] After the test starts, the target axial force and temperature history are input through the data acquisition system.

[0054] The two ends and the bottom of the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model to be tested are respectively fixed with four horizontal jacks 34 and a base, and two of the horizontal jacks 34 are flush with the upper end of the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model to be tested. The first side column 13 and the second side column 14 of the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model are installed with a side column axial force self-balancing device 35 in the vertical direction. The displacement meter two 68 and the displacement meter one 67 are installed at the connection between the horizontal jack 34 and the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model and the upper end of the failed middle column 12 to feedback the displacement change of the "three-column two-beam" type substructure model, and the load sensor two 63 and the load sensor three 64 are installed at the head of the horizontal jack 34 to measure the axial force.

[0055] The "three-column two-beam" type substructure model is placed at the opening of the upper plate 43 of the fire furnace, and then the fire furnace is assembled. First, the lower plate 44, the rear plate 42 and the left and right side plates of the fire furnace are assembled, and then the upper plate 43 of the fire furnace is placed in the appropriate position by using hoisting equipment. The thermocouple one 65 is arranged on the rear plate 42, and the thermocouple two 66 is arranged on the surface of the left cross beam segment 15 and the right cross beam segment 16 to reflect the temperature in the furnace.

[0056] The electromagnet is energized to attract the top of the gravity drop hammer 23 to the electromagnet, and at the same time the height of the gravity drop hammer 23 is adjusted by the drop hammer control system 51. The winch 25 is started to adjust the target position of the gravity drop hammer 23.

[0057] The fire furnace is heated by the fire furnace heating control system 52, and the temperature in the furnace is reflected by thermocouple 1 65 and thermocouple 2 66.

[0058] After the furnace reaches the predetermined temperature, the electromagnet is powered off, and the gravity drop hammer 23 falls to impact the failure column 12, the left beam segment 15, and the right beam segment 16.

[0059] The vertical instantaneous impact displacement of the three-column two-beam substructure model is measured by displacement meter 1 67, the horizontal displacement of the three-column two-beam substructure model is measured by displacement meter 2 68, the impact force of the three-column two-beam substructure model is recorded by load sensor 1 62, the horizontal constraint axial force received by the three-column two-beam substructure model is fed back by load sensor 2 63, and the dynamic change of the horizontal axial force of the three-column two-beam substructure model is monitored by load sensor 3 64.

[0060] The data is collected and stored by the control data acquisition system, the gravity drop hammer 23 is removed, the test piece is removed, and the test is completed.

[0061] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used for the convenience of describing the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0062] The above-described embodiments are only preferred modes of the present application and do not limit the scope of the present application. Various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A system for testing the collapse resistance of a structure, the system comprising: a test structure; a fire source; a load source; and a controller configured to control the fire source and the load source to apply a fire and impact load to the test structure in real time. The utility model relates to a fire temperature device, a "three column two beam" type substructure model is heated for simulating the real fire scene; The "three column two beam" type substructure model is arranged in the fire temperature device, and the "three column two beam" type substructure model is used to bear the impact load; The boundary constraint device is arranged outside the "three column two beam" type substructure model, and the boundary constraint device is used to support the "three column two beam" type substructure model and detect the axial force and displacement of the "three column two beam" type substructure model when the "three column two beam" type substructure model is impacted by the impact load; The movable falling weight impact device is arranged above the "three column two beam" type substructure model, and the movable falling weight impact device is used to apply the impact load to the "three column two beam" type substructure model; The support mechanism is arranged outside the fire temperature device, and the movable falling weight impact device is arranged on the support mechanism; The movable falling weight impact device comprises a slidable crossbeam (21), one end of a steel wire rope (24) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the opposite side walls of the slidable crossbeam (21) respectively, the other end of the steel wire rope (24) is wound on a winch (25), the winch (25) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the support mechanism, two truss guide rails (22) are fixedly connected to the middle part of the bottom end of the slidable crossbeam (21), the two truss guide rails (22) are vertically and spaced apart, a gravity falling weight (23) is slidably arranged between the two truss guide rails (22), an electromagnet is arranged at the middle part of the bottom end of the slidable crossbeam (21), the gravity falling weight (23) is magnetically connected to the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is electrically connected to a falling weight control system (51). The fire temperature device comprises a fire test furnace, a heating belt is arranged in the fire test furnace, heat insulation cotton is arranged between the heating belt and the inner side wall of the fire test furnace, a signal line (61) and a thermocouple (65) are further arranged in the fire test furnace, and the thermocouple (65) is electrically connected to a fire furnace temperature control system (52) through the signal line (61).

2. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire test furnace comprises a front plate block, a rear plate block (42), an upper plate block (43), a lower plate block (44) and two side plate blocks, the front plate block, the rear plate block (42), the lower plate block (44) and the two side plate blocks form a rectangular parallelepiped with an open top end, the upper plate block (43) is detachably arranged at the position of the open top end of the rectangular parallelepiped, and the heat insulation cotton and the heating belt are arranged on the inner side walls of the front plate block, the rear plate block (42) and the lower plate block (44).

3. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 2, characterized in that, ​ 4. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 2, characterized in that, The "three-column two-beam" substructure model comprises a first side column (13) and a second side column (14), the first side column (13) and the second side column (14) are vertically detachably arranged at both ends inside the fire test furnace, the side wall of the first side column (13) is fixedly connected with one end of the horizontally arranged left cross beam segment (15) close to the second side column (14), the side wall of the second side column (14) is fixedly connected with one end of the horizontally arranged right cross beam segment (16) close to the first side column (13), the top end of the left cross beam segment (15) and the top end of the right cross beam segment (16) are provided with signal lines (61) and thermocouples (66), and the other end of the left cross beam segment (15) and the other end of the right cross beam segment (16) are fixedly connected with an impact stress part, and the left cross beam segment (15), the right cross beam segment (16) and the impact stress part are located inside the fire test furnace.

5. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 4, characterized in that, The impact stress part comprises a failure middle column (12), the failure middle column (12) is fixedly arranged between the left cross beam segment (15) and the right cross beam segment (16), the failure middle column (12) is vertically arranged, and the top end of the failure middle column (12) is provided with a load sensor (62) and a displacement meter (67).

6. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top end of the first side column (13) and the top end of the second side column (14) are provided with a side column axial force self-balancing device (35).

7. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 4, characterized in that, The boundary constraint device comprises two triangular counterforce frames (33), one triangular counterforce frame (33) is arranged corresponding to the first side column (13), and the other triangular counterforce frame (33) is arranged corresponding to the second side column (14), two horizontal jacks (34) are arranged between the triangular counterforce frame (33) and the first side column (13) and / or the second side column (14), the upper and lower horizontal jacks (34) are arranged in a spaced manner, the fixed end of the horizontal jack (34) is fixedly connected with the triangular counterforce frame (33), the movable end of the horizontal jack (34) is hingedly connected with the first side column (13) and / or the second side column (14), the movable end of the horizontal jack (34) is provided with a displacement meter (68), the load sensor (63) is arranged on the upper horizontal jack (34), and the load sensor (64) is arranged on the lower horizontal jack (34).

8. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support mechanism comprises four frame columns (31), the four frame columns (31) are arranged in a spaced manner, and horizontal frame beams (32) are fixedly connected between the top side walls of adjacent two frame columns (31), and the opposite two horizontal frame beams (32) are parallel to each other.

9. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first side column (13) and the left cross beam segment (15), the second side column (14) and the right cross beam segment (16), and the failure middle column (12) and the left cross beam segment (15) and the right cross beam segment (16) are fixedly connected through an overhanging end plate node (18).

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