A hydraulic flow simulation test device

Abstract

A hydraulic flow simulation test device belongs to the technical field of fluid dynamics test or teaching device, the device includes: a plurality of water troughs arranged overlapping from bottom to top, the water troughs are all trough-shaped structures with exposed tops; the front end of the lower water trough is connected to the end of the upper water trough through a semicircular groove, wherein the front end of the lower water trough is docked and connected to the lower section of the semicircular groove, and the two sides of the upper water trough end are connected to the inner side of the upper section of the semicircular groove through a rotating shaft; sliding shafts are provided on the outer side of the middle of the water trough, and the water troughs are swung around their respective sliding shafts, and all sliding shafts are arranged along the same vertical track, wherein the sliding shaft position of the lowest water trough is fixed, and the remaining sliding shafts are moved along the vertical track; the rotating shaft is located between the sliding shaft of the corresponding water trough and the sliding shaft of the lower water trough. The device of this scheme has a small overall footprint and has a sufficient water trough length. The water trough is an open structure with adjustable angles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fluid dynamics test or teaching devices, and in particular relates to a hydraulic flow state simulation test device. Background Art

[0002] Conducting hydraulic flow simulation tests is an important means of studying water conservancy engineering and fluid mechanics in scientific research or teaching activities. It is mainly carried out through test flumes. During the test, it is often necessary to adjust the angle of the flume to obtain different data, and when using hydraulic flow simulation test equipment to conduct tests, in order to better fit the ecological environment of the research object, it is usually necessary to set stones and dams inside the test flume.

[0003] At present, the test flume is generally a whole-line structure, which occupies a large area. Due to the influence of indoor space, its length is limited. The patent with application number 202210697795.0 discloses a reentry flume device and a multi-group synchronous test method, wherein the device includes a pool, n flume sections, n-1 connecting pipe sections, a water tank and a pump; the n flume sections are connected in turn by n-1 connecting pipe sections to form a reentry structure in the vertical space. Its structural design utilizes the vertical space, reduces the floor space of the device, and allows the flume to have a certain length. However, this scheme cannot adjust the inclination angle of the flume, and it uses a closed pipe as a flume, which makes it difficult to set structures such as stones or dams in the flume during the test, so its research project is relatively single. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic flow simulation test device, the water trough is convenient for setting stones and dams, and the angle is adjustable. The overall device occupies a small area and has a sufficient water trough length.

[0005] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the following scheme is proposed:

[0006] A hydraulic flow pattern simulation test device comprises: a plurality of water troughs arranged overlapping from bottom to top, each of the water troughs being a trough-shaped structure with exposed tops;

[0007] The front end of the lower water tank is connected to the end of the upper water tank through a semicircular groove, wherein the front end of the lower water tank is butt-connected to the lower section of the semicircular groove, and both sides of the end of the upper water tank are rotatably connected to the inner side of the upper section of the semicircular groove through a rotating shaft;

[0008] The outer side of the middle part of the water tank is provided with a sliding shaft, and the water tanks are all swinging around their respective sliding shafts, and all the sliding shafts are arranged along the same vertical track, among which the sliding shaft position of the bottom water tank is fixed, and the other sliding shafts are all movable along the vertical track;

[0009] The rotating shaft is located between the sliding shaft of the corresponding water tank and the sliding shaft of the lower water tank along the vertical direction.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the water trough is an open structure, which is convenient for setting stones and dams, making it easier to restore the real river scene and improve the accuracy of the test data; the angle of the water trough is adjustable, which helps to obtain more sufficient test data; the overall device occupies a small area, but has a sufficient water trough length. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0013] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the present application.

[0014] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the water tank of the present application when it is folded.

[0015] Figure 4 Shows Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0016] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0017] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0018] Markings in the figure: water tank -1, sliding shaft -11, rotating shaft -12, water pipe -13, extension plate -14, fixed worm wheel -15, fixed worm -16, driving rod -17, movable worm wheel -18, pin shaft -181, movable worm -19, U-shaped card -191, semicircular groove -2, water collection pool -3, door frame -4, side plate -41, strip hole -411, reduction motor -5, reverse worm wheel -61, reverse worm -62. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments described in the present invention are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a hydraulic flow simulation test device includes: a plurality of water troughs 1 overlapped from bottom to top, the water troughs 1 are all trough-shaped structures with exposed tops, and can be specifically arranged as water troughs 1 with rectangular or arc-shaped cross-sections, so as to facilitate the arrangement of structures such as stones or dams in the water troughs 1.

[0021] Specifically, the front end of the lower water tank 1 is connected to the end of the upper water tank 1 through a semicircular groove 2, wherein the front end of the lower water tank 1 is docked and connected to the lower section of the semicircular groove 2. The docking connection here specifically refers to that the two sides and the bottom surface of the lower part of the semicircular groove 2 are correspondingly connected to the two sides and the bottom surface of the lower water tank 1, and are docked together by bonding or welding. The two sides of the end of the upper water tank 1 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the upper section of the semicircular groove 2 through a rotating shaft 12. The specific connection structure is that the end of the upper water tank 1 is inserted into the upper part of the semicircular groove 2. This connection structure allows the liquid flowing through the upper water tank 1 to flow smoothly into the semicircular groove 2 from the end of the upper water tank 1 to prevent the liquid flowing out of the end of the upper water tank 1 from spilling, and the liquid flowing into the semicircular groove 2 will automatically enter the front section of the lower water tank 1 and automatically flow to the end of the lower water tank 1. The purpose of making the upper water tank 1 rotatably connected to the semicircular groove 2 is to facilitate the adjustment of the inclination angle of the water tank 1.

[0022] Specifically, sliding shafts 11 are provided on the outer side of the middle part of the water tank 1, and the water tanks 1 are swung around their respective sliding shafts 11, and all the sliding shafts 11 are arranged along the same vertical track, wherein the sliding shaft 11 of the lowest water tank 1 is fixed in position, that is, the lowest water tank 1 can only swing around its sliding shaft 11, and the remaining sliding shafts 11 are movably arranged along the vertical track. Specifically, a vertical channel steel can be respectively arranged on both sides of the overlapping water tanks 1, and the openings of the channel steels on both sides are arranged relatively to each other, and the sliding shafts 11 on both sides of the water tank 1 are respectively slidably arranged in the channel steels on both sides, so as to ensure that the sliding shafts 11 are arranged along the same straight line track and meet the requirement that the water tank 1 swings around the corresponding sliding shafts 11, wherein the sliding shaft 11 corresponding to the lowest water tank 1 rotates and passes through the channel steels on both sides to fix the position of the sliding shaft 11 of the lowest water tank 1.

[0023] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the rotating shaft 12 is located between the sliding shaft 11 of the corresponding water tank 1 and the sliding shaft 11 of the water tank 1 below in the vertical direction.

[0024] The above structural design can not only effectively reduce the footprint of the test device and increase the overall length of the water tank 1, but also adjust the angle of the water tank 1 to obtain test data at different liquid flow rates. In addition, the structure can also reduce the overall volume of the water tank 1 after storage, making it easier to move the whole device. Figure 1As shown, because the head and tail ends of the two adjacent water tanks 1 are respectively connected to the lower section and the upper section of the same semicircular groove 2, when the water tanks 1 are in a horizontal state, all the water tanks 1 are in a folded state parallel to each other, thereby reducing the overall height of the test device and reducing the overall volume of the test device after folding.

[0025] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the angle adjustment method of the water tank 1 is as follows:

[0026] The bottom water tank 1 is made to swing around its own sliding axis 11, so that the end of the water tank 1 swings downward and the front end of the water tank 1 swings upward; when the front end of the bottom water tank 1 swings upward, the rotating shaft 12 on the semicircular groove 2 at its front end will swing upward along an arc trajectory around the sliding axis 11 of the bottom water tank 1, and the radius of the arc trajectory is the distance between the rotating shaft 12 and the sliding axis 11; when the rotating shaft 12 swings upward along the arc trajectory, a component force will be generated toward the front end of the water tank 1 corresponding to the rotating shaft 12, and this water tank 1 is the water tank 1 above the bottom water tank 1; this component force will drive the upper water tank 1 to move toward its front end, but since the sliding axes 11 of the water tanks 1 are all arranged along the same vertical trajectory, the upper water tank 1 cannot move forward, because the rotating shaft 12 is arranged in the same vertical trajectory in this scheme It is arranged between the sliding shaft 11 of the corresponding water tank 1 and the sliding shaft 11 of the lower water tank 1, and the remaining sliding shafts 11 except the sliding shaft 11 corresponding to the lowest water tank 1 are arranged to move along the vertical track. Therefore, under the action of the component force, the upper water tank 1 cannot move to the front end, so it can only move upward following its corresponding sliding shaft 11. While moving upward, the upper water tank 1 will also swing around the sliding shaft 11 on itself, and the front end of the swinging water tank 1 is upward; through the above-mentioned transmission process, the present scheme only needs to control the swing of the lowest water tank 1, and can synchronously drive the swing of each water tank 1 above, so that the front ends of all water tanks 1 face upward, the rear ends face downward, and the swing angles are consistent, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the inclination angle of the water tank 1.

[0027] Specifically, the swing of the bottom water tank 1 can be achieved in the following ways: first, the sliding shaft 11 of the bottom water tank 1 is connected to a driving motor, and the driving motor is used to drive the sliding shaft 11 to rotate, thereby driving the bottom water tank 1 to swing around the sliding shaft 11; as a preferred solution, a reducer is provided between the driving motor and the sliding shaft 11 to increase the distortion, and a locking screw or a ratchet mechanism can be provided to prevent the water tank 1 from actively driving the sliding shaft 11 to rotate, so as to ensure the stability of the state of the water tank 1 after the angle is adjusted; second, the end of the bottom water tank 1 is connected to a movable rod of a downward telescopic device, and the bottom water tank 1 is driven to swing around the sliding shaft 11 by driving the movable rod to extend and retract by the telescopic device, and the telescopic device is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0028] When conducting the test, water is passed through a pipe into the top water tank 1, specifically into the front end or middle section of the top water tank 1. The water will automatically flow to the rear end of the water tank 1, and return through the semicircular groove 2 at the rear end to flow to the water tank 1 below. Through multiple bends and multiple water tanks 1, the water will eventually flow out through the end of the bottom water tank 1.

[0029] Preferably, Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the hydraulic flow simulation test device also includes a water collection pool 3, and the water tank 1 is overlappedly arranged in the water collection pool 3. In the projection view of the horizontal plane, the length and width of the water collection pool 3 are greater than the length and width of the water tank 1.

[0030] As a further preferred solution, a water pipe 13 is connected to the front end of the top water tank 1, a water pump is provided at the lower end of the water pipe 13, and the water pump is arranged at the bottom of the water collecting pool 3, so as to use the water inside the water collecting pool 3 for circulation test.

[0031] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, an extension plate 14 is provided at the end of the water trough 1. The extension plate 14 is inserted into the semicircular groove 2, and a predetermined interval is provided between the end edge of the extension plate 14 and the arc-shaped inner wall of the semicircular groove 2 for circulating liquid. The extension plate 14 can make the liquid flowing out of the end of the water trough 1 closer to the arc-shaped inner wall of the semicircular groove 2, so that the liquid can flow more smoothly onto the arc-shaped inner wall and enter the water trough 1 below. If the extension plate 14 is not provided, there will be a large height difference between the end of the water trough 1 and the front end bottom surface of the water trough 1 below. The height difference will increase the impact force of the liquid. In addition, the present scheme has multiple height differences of such structures. After multiple drops, the liquid will have a greater impact on the flow rate, which is likely to reduce the accuracy of the test data.

[0032] Preferably, Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the hydraulic flow simulation test device also includes a portal frame 4, whose two side panels 41 are mounted on both sides of the overlapping sinks 1, and strip holes 411 are opened on the side panels 41 in the vertical direction. The sliding shafts 11 on both sides of the lowest sink 1 are rotatably arranged at the lower ends of the two side panels 41, and the remaining sliding shafts 11 are respectively passed through the strip holes 411 on both sides. This structure realizes the requirements that the sliding shafts 11 are all arranged along the same vertical track and the position of the sliding shaft 11 of the lowest sink 1 is fixed; the use of the portal frame 4 structure to install the sink 1 can not only meet the above requirements, but also effectively prevent the overlapping sinks 1 from tilting.

[0033] Preferably, Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, one of the sliding shafts 11 of the bottom water tank 1 is coaxially provided with a fixed worm wheel 15, which is meshed with a fixed worm 16, and the fixed worm 16 is driven by a motor. This solution uses a motor to drive the worm, and the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate through the worm, and finally achieves the purpose of driving the bottom water tank 1 to swing, and this solution can prevent the water tank 1 from driving the sliding shaft 11 to swing in the reverse direction, thereby using its own structure to achieve the purpose of locking the tilted state of the water tank 1; as a preferred solution, the fixed worm wheel 15 and the fixed worm 16 are both located on the outside of the side plate 41 for easy installation and maintenance.

[0034] Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the fixed worm 16 is coaxially arranged at the lower end of a driving rod 17, and the upper end of the driving rod 17 is connected to the main shaft of a reduction motor 5. The reduction motor 5 is arranged on the top of the portal frame 4 to avoid damage due to liquid erosion.

[0035] Further preferably, Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the sliding shafts 11 on the same side of the fixed worm gear 15 on the odd-numbered water tank 1 from bottom to top are coaxially provided with movable worm gears 18, and the movable worm gears 18 are meshed with movable worms 19, and the movable worm gears 19 are coaxially sleeved on the driving rod 17, and the movable worm gears 19 are arranged to move along the driving rod 17, and keep a relatively fixed circumferential position with the driving rod 17. Specifically, the cross section of the driving rod 17 can be a polygonal structure, and a convex strip can be provided on the outer wall of the driving rod 17 to prevent the movable worm gear 19 from rotating relative to the driving rod 17. The outer end of the movable worm gear 18 is coaxially penetrated with a pin shaft 181, and the outer end of the pin shaft 181 is provided with a U-shaped clip 191. The two ends of the movable worm gear 18 are respectively rotatably penetrated on the two side plates 41 of the U-shaped clip 191. The fixed worm gear 15 is the same as the movable worm gear 18, which specifically means that the major diameter, tooth cross section and spiral direction of the tooth of the worm gear are the same. Because the worm gear structure is the same, the worm meshing with the same worm gear is also must be the same; when adjusting the angle of the sink 1, the swing of the bottom sink 1 drives the upper sink 1 to swing, and the swing of the upper sink 1 drives the specified sliding shaft 11 and the movable worm gear 18 to move upward along the strip hole 411, and the sliding shaft 11 drives the movable worm 19 to move upward along the driving rod 17 through the pin 181 and the U-shaped card 191, and the driving rod 17 will also drive the movable worm 19 to rotate at the same time to drive the movable worm gear 18 engaged therewith to rotate, thereby driving the corresponding sink 1 to swing, so as to reduce the force applied by the lower sink 1 to the upper sink 1. The above structural design can use the driving rod 17 to simultaneously drive multiple sinks 1 arranged at intervals to swing in the same direction at the same angle, thereby improving the stability and smoothness of the angle adjustment of the sink 1, and can effectively reduce the force on the lower sink 1, avoiding premature damage to the lower sink 1; the odd-numbered sinks 1 in this scheme refer to the first, third, fifth or even seventh sinks 1 from bottom to top.

[0036] Further preferably, Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the sliding shafts 11 on the same side of the fixed worm gear 15 on the even-numbered water tanks 1 from bottom to top are coaxially provided with a reverse worm gear 61, and the driving rod 17 is coaxially sleeved with a reverse worm 62 meshing with the reverse worm gear 61. A pin 181 is coaxially penetrated through the outer end of the reverse worm gear 61, and a U-shaped card 191 is provided at the outer end of the pin 181. The two ends of the reverse worm 62 are respectively rotatably penetrated on the two side plates 41 of the U-shaped card 191. The rotation direction of the teeth of the reverse worm gear 61 and the fixed worm gear 15 are opposite. Correspondingly, the thread line of the reverse worm 62 must also be opposite to the thread line of the fixed worm 16, so that the reverse worm gear 61 can rotate in the opposite direction to the fixed worm gear 15. By adopting this solution, the driving rod 17 can be used to synchronously drive all the water tanks 1 to swing together, and the swing angles of the odd-numbered and even-numbered water tanks 1 are the same, but the swing directions are opposite. The purpose of this design is to further reduce the force on the lower water tank 1 and further improve the stability of the water tank 1 when adjusting; and the above-mentioned solution for adjusting the angle of the water tank 1 is simple and reliable.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to be the only one or to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic flow simulation test device, characterized in that: include: A plurality of water troughs (1) are arranged overlapping from bottom to top, and the water troughs (1) are all trough-shaped structures with exposed tops; The front end of the lower water tank (1) is connected to the end of the upper water tank (1) via a semicircular groove (2), wherein the front end of the lower water tank (1) is butt-connected to the lower section of the semicircular groove (2), and both sides of the end of the upper water tank (1) are rotatably connected to the inner side of the upper section of the semicircular groove (2) via a rotating shaft (12); The outer side of the middle of the water tank (1) is provided with a sliding shaft (11), and the water tanks (1) are all swingably arranged around their respective sliding shafts (11), and all the sliding shafts (11) are arranged along the same vertical track, wherein the sliding shaft (11) of the bottom water tank (1) is fixed in position, and the remaining sliding shafts (11) are all arranged to move along the vertical track; The rotating shaft (12) is located in the vertical direction between the sliding shaft (11) of the corresponding water tank (1) and the sliding shaft (11) of the water tank (1) below.

2. A hydraulic flow simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water collection pool (3), wherein the water troughs (1) are arranged in an overlapping manner in the water collection pool (3); in a horizontal plane projection view, the length and width of the water collection pool (3) are greater than the length and width of the water troughs (1); a water pipe (13) is connected to the front end of the uppermost water trough (1); a water pump is arranged at the lower end of the water pipe (13); and the water pump is arranged at the bottom of the water collection pool (3).

3. A hydraulic flow simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension plate (14) is provided at the end of the water tank (1). The extension plate (14) is inserted into the semicircular groove (2), and a predetermined gap is provided between the end edge of the extension plate (14) and the arc-shaped inner wall of the semicircular groove (2) for circulating liquid.

4. A hydraulic flow simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a door-shaped frame (4), wherein two side plates (41) are mounted on both sides of the overlapping water troughs (1), strip holes (411) are provided on the side plates (41) in the vertical direction, and sliding shafts (11) on both sides of the lowermost water trough (1) are rotatably arranged at the lower ends of the two side plates (41), and the remaining sliding shafts (11) are respectively inserted into the strip holes (411) on both sides.

5. A hydraulic flow simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed worm gear (15) is coaxially arranged on one of the sliding shafts (11) provided on the bottom water tank (1), the fixed worm gear (15) is meshed with a fixed worm (16), and the fixed worm (16) is driven by a motor.

6. A hydraulic flow simulation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed worm (16) is coaxially arranged at the lower end of a driving rod (17), the upper end of the driving rod (17) is connected to the main shaft of a reduction motor (5), and the reduction motor (5) is arranged on the top of the portal frame (4).

7. A hydraulic flow simulation test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: From bottom to top, the sliding shafts (11) on the same side of the odd-numbered water tanks (1) as the fixed worm gear (15) are coaxially provided with movable worm gears (18), and the movable worm gears (18) are meshed with movable worms (19), the movable worm gears (19) are coaxially sleeved on the drive rod (17), the movable worm gear (19) is movably arranged along the drive rod (17), and the circumferential position with the drive rod (17) is relatively fixed, the outer end of the movable worm gear (18) is coaxially penetrated with a pin shaft (181), the outer end of the pin shaft (181) is provided with a U-shaped card (191), the two ends of the movable worm gear (18) are respectively rotatably penetrated on the two side plates (41) of the U-shaped card (191), and the fixed worm gear (15) and the movable worm gear (18) are of the same model.

8. A hydraulic flow simulation test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: From bottom to top, the sliding shaft (11) on the same side of the even-numbered water tank (1) as the fixed worm gear (15) is coaxially provided with a reverse worm gear (61), the driving rod (17) is coaxially sleeved with a reverse worm (62) meshing with the reverse worm gear (61), the outer end of the reverse worm gear (61) is coaxially penetrated with a pin shaft (181), the outer end of the pin shaft (181) is provided with a U-shaped card (191), the two ends of the reverse worm gear (62) are respectively rotatably penetrated on the two side plates (41) of the U-shaped card (191), and the rotation direction of the teeth of the reverse worm gear (61) and the fixed worm gear (15) is opposite.

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