Scanning positioning device and method for insulating surface discharge

Abstract

The present invention provides a scanning and positioning device and method for insulating surface discharge, belonging to the field of power equipment status monitoring. The device comprises: a photoconductor, a solar-blind avalanche diode, a diode socket substrate, a coded electric rotating base, a multi-channel control unit, a signal acquisition and processing unit, and a central processing unit. The central processing unit issues instructions to the multi-channel control unit to synchronously control the start-up of the solar-blind avalanche diode, the diode socket substrate, and the coded electric rotating base; collects and guides discharge photon signals to two solar-blind avalanche diodes; converts the solar-blind ultraviolet band component of the light signal into a photocurrent signal, and then converts it into an envelope detection voltage signal, which is sampled to obtain a light pulse time series; and simultaneously, receives a binary code output by the coded electric rotating base and converts it into an angle time series; processes the light pulse time series and the angle time series in real time to obtain a time series, and then calculates the spatial direction of the discharge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of power equipment status monitoring, and more specifically, relates to a scanning and positioning device and method for insulation surface discharge. Background Art

[0002] In power systems, the health of line insulators is crucial to ensuring their stable operation. Once localized discharge occurs on the surface of an insulator, it can degrade insulation performance and even cause failures and accidents in power equipment. Therefore, effective detection and location of discharge on the surface of insulators is a crucial component of line inspection and maintenance. Currently, external insulation discharge detection primarily relies on solar-blind ultraviolet (UV) discharge imaging technology. While this technology enables visual detection of discharges to a certain extent, it still has some limitations and deficiencies. Traditional solar-blind UV discharge imaging technology primarily relies on a solar-blind UV optical lens module to capture and perform binocular imaging of the discharge's UV photon signals. However, this method requires two-dimensional imaging by superimposing the UV and visible light channels, and requires the system to be equipped with complex optical lenses, microchannel plates, optoelectronic imaging sensors, and other components. This is not only extremely costly, but the entire system is bulky and heavy, making it unsuitable for large-scale application in scenarios such as drones, robots, and online monitoring at stations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a scanning positioning device and method for insulating surface discharge.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge, the device comprising:

[0006] Photoconductor, solar-blind avalanche diode, diode socket substrate, coded electric rotating base, multi-channel control unit, signal acquisition and processing unit and central processing unit. The multi-channel control unit is respectively connected to the solar-blind avalanche diode, the diode socket substrate and the coded electric rotating base. The signal acquisition and processing unit is respectively connected to the diode socket substrate and the coded electric rotating base. The solar-blind avalanche diode is connected to the diode socket substrate. The diode socket substrate is installed on the coded electric rotating base. The multi-channel control unit synchronously controls the start and stop states of the solar-blind avalanche diode, the diode socket substrate and the coded electric rotating base according to the instructions issued by the central processing unit. The photoconductor is used to collect discharge photon signals and guide them to the solar-blind avalanche diode. The solar-blind avalanche diode converts the solar-blind ultraviolet band component of the optical signal into a photocurrent signal and transmits it to the diode socket substrate. The diode socket substrate converts the photocurrent signal into an envelope detection voltage signal and outputs it to the signal acquisition and processing unit. The signal acquisition and processing unit receives the envelope detection voltage signal for peak sampling to obtain a light pulse time series. At the same time, the signal acquisition and processing unit receives the binary code output by the coded electric rotating base and converts it into an angle time series. The signal acquisition and processing unit transmits and caches the light pulse time series and the angle time series to the register in the central processing unit. The central processing unit performs discharge source directional calculation according to the light pulse time series and the angle time series in the register to obtain the spatial direction of the discharge.

[0007] Optionally, the optical conductor is made of fused quartz material or PMMA material, the material's transmittance in the day-blind ultraviolet band is not less than 85%, the effective horizontal light receiving angle is between 5° and 10°, the effective pitch light receiving angle is not less than 90°, the light loss in the direction of the optical transmission path is not higher than 3%, and after the optical guide is connected to the day-blind avalanche diode, the light guide emission surface area does not exceed the effective light receiving surface of the day-blind avalanche diode.

[0008] Optionally, the solar-blind avalanche diode includes a first solar-blind avalanche diode and a second solar-blind avalanche diode, wherein the spectral response band of the solar-blind avalanche diode covers 250nm~280nm, the photoelectric quantum efficiency within the spectral response band is not less than 15%, and the internal photoelectric gain is not less than 1×10 5 A / W, effective light receiving area is not less than 4mm 2 .

[0009] Optionally, the diode socket substrate structure is a dual-plane structure, and the angle difference between the normal directions of the two planes is not less than 15°. Each plane has a socket connected to a day-blind avalanche diode, which is respectively connected to the first day-blind avalanche diode and the second day-blind avalanche diode. The rear end of each socket is connected to an I / V conversion amplification detection circuit, which is used to convert the current fast pulse signal output by the day-blind avalanche diode into a voltage signal with reduced frequency. The voltage signal pulse width is 1~2μs, and the peak value maintains a constant proportional relationship with the peak value of the current fast pulse signal.

[0010] Optionally, the coded electric rotating base includes a connecting base and a codable rotating motor, the connecting base is used to fix the diode socket substrate, the bottom of the base is fixedly connected to the central axis of the codable rotating motor, and the rotation angle of the codable rotating motor is controlled by a multi-channel control unit each time, and the rotation angle each time is not greater than 2°.

[0011] Optionally, the encoding rotary motor is stationary for a period of time at each angle each time it rotates. T for:

[0012]

[0013] in, n is a positive integer not less than 1. When the scanning positioning device for insulating surface discharge is used in a fixed position online monitoring scenario, n is ≥ 50; f The power system where the insulator being tested is located has an AC frequency. f =50Hz, when the power system where the insulator to be tested is located is a DC system, take f =1Hz; the current rotation angle is output to the signal acquisition and processing unit in binary code form and is synchronized with the solar-blind avalanche diode signal acquisition and storage time.

[0014] Optionally, the signal acquisition and processing unit is used to receive various photovoltage pulse signals output by the diode socket substrate, and detect the pulse peak and the corresponding time of the peak, form a light pulse time sequence and input it into the internal register of the central processing unit; the signal acquisition and processing unit receives the binary code output by the coded electric rotating base, and converts it into a rotation angle, forms an angle time sequence and inputs it into the internal register of the central processing unit.

[0015] Optionally, the functions of the central processing unit include: issuing instructions to the multi-channel control unit, performing real-time processing on the light pulse time series and angle time series in the register to obtain the time series, and calculating the time series according to a predetermined discharge source orientation calculation step to obtain the spatial direction of the discharge source.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides a scanning and positioning method for insulating surface discharge, based on the first aspect of the present invention, providing a scanning and positioning device for surface discharge, comprising the following steps:

[0017] The central processor issues instructions to the multi-channel control unit to synchronously control the start-up of the solar-blind avalanche diode, the diode socket substrate and the coded electric rotary base;

[0018] The discharge photon signals within a limited angle are collected and directed to two solar-blind avalanche diodes. The solar-blind ultraviolet band components of the optical signal are converted into photocurrent signals. The photocurrent signals are then converted into envelope-detected voltage signals, and peak sampling is performed on them to obtain a light pulse time series. At the same time, the binary code output by the coded electric rotating base is received and converted into an angle time series.

[0019] The light pulse time series and angle time series are transmitted and cached to the register in the central processing unit, and the light pulse time series and angle time series in the register are processed in real time to obtain the time series. The discharge source orientation calculation is performed on the time series to obtain the spatial direction of the discharge.

[0020] Optionally, performing discharge source-oriented calculation on the time series in the register includes:

[0021] Read the time series of two solar-blind avalanche diodes in the register and process them and , the same angle The peak value of the optical pulse Composition sequence ;

[0022] Calculate the peak mean square value of the optical pulse exist The maximum value in The angle corresponding to , optical pulse peak mean square value The calculation formula is:

[0023]

[0024] Calculate the peak mean square value of the optical pulse exist The mean in ; Calculate the maximum value and mean The difference ratio :

[0025]

[0026] when At this time, it can be determined that at the current moment t, an obvious discharge has occurred, and the spatial horizontal angle of the discharge source is ;when When the current discharge is not obvious, the discharge positioning result is unreliable. The values ​​of include 0.35;

[0027] calculate and exist The maximum value in and , and solve the following system of equations:

[0028]

[0029] Where, is the angle difference between the two planes of the diode socket substrate in the normal direction, and are the angles between the local discharge source and the normals of the two planes;

[0030] Calculation of partial discharge source pitch angle :

[0031]

[0032] Get the spatial orientation result of the power supply at the current time t .

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0034] Simple structure: The present invention does not require a complex two-dimensional imaging system, nor does it require expensive photoelectric conversion devices such as microchannel plates. It has a simple structure and is easy to deploy and maintain.

[0035] Low cost: Since the device of the present invention reduces the dependence on complex optical systems and high-cost devices, the cost is relatively low, which is conducive to large-scale promotion and application.

[0036] Strong adaptability: The present invention can quickly acquire discharge ultraviolet photon signals at different azimuth angles through a scanning non-planar photoelectric array device, and is not limited by the field of view of traditional imaging methods. It can perform station area scanning over a large range and has a small detection blind area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of various units of a scanning non-planar optoelectronic array device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a diode socket substrate provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining a spatial pitch angle of a discharge source provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the spatial orientation result of the discharge source provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the spirit of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the first embodiment of the present invention, a scanning positioning device for insulating surface discharge is proposed, namely a scanning non-planar photoelectric array device. The device is composed of a photoconductor, a solar-blind avalanche diode, a diode array substrate, an encoded electric rotating base, a multi-channel control unit, a signal acquisition and processing unit and a central processing unit. The structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the multi-channel control unit is respectively connected to the solar-blind avalanche diode, the diode socket substrate and the encoded electric rotating base; the signal acquisition machine processing unit is respectively connected to the diode socket substrate and the encoded electric rotating base; the solar-blind avalanche diode is connected to the diode socket substrate; and the diode socket substrate is mounted on the encoded electric rotating base.

[0043] Its main operating principle is as follows: Discharge photon signals within a limited angle are collected and guided to a solar-blind avalanche diode via a photoconductor; the solar-blind ultraviolet band component of the optical signal is converted into a photocurrent signal by the solar-blind avalanche diode; the photocurrent signal is converted into an envelope-detected voltage signal via the diode socket substrate and output to the signal acquisition and processing unit; the signal acquisition and processing unit performs peak sampling on the envelope-detected voltage signal to obtain a light pulse time series, which is cached in a register in the central processing unit; the central processing unit calculates the time series in the register and determines the spatial direction of the discharge based on the angular feedback information from the encoded electric rotating base; the operating status of the solar-blind avalanche diode and the encoded electric rotating base is controlled by the central processing unit via a multi-channel control unit. When the device is in operation, these processes are carried out in real time.

[0044] Specifically, the technical elements of each component are as follows:

[0045] Optical conductor: The optical conductor is preferably made of fused quartz or PMMA. The material's transmittance in the solar-blind ultraviolet band should be no less than 85%. The effective horizontal light receiving angle should be between 5° and 10°, and the effective elevation light receiving angle should be no less than 90°. The optical loss in the direction of the optical transmission path should be no more than 3%. After the optical guide is connected to the solar-blind avalanche diode, the light guide's emitting surface area should not exceed the solar-blind avalanche diode's effective light-receiving surface.

[0046] Solar-blind avalanche diodes 1 and 2: The spectral response band of solar-blind avalanche diodes covers 250nm~280nm, the quantum efficiency within the spectral response band is not less than 15%, and the internal photoelectric gain is not less than 1×10 5 A / W, effective light receiving area is not less than 4mm 2 ;

[0047] Diode socket substrate: The diode socket substrate structure is a double-plane structure, such as Figure 2 As shown, the angle difference between the two plane normal directions is The angle should not be less than 15°. Each plane should have a socket that can be connected to a solar-blind avalanche diode. The rear end of each socket is connected to an I / V conversion amplifier detection circuit, which can convert the current fast pulse signal output by the solar-blind avalanche diode into a voltage signal with a reduced frequency. The voltage signal pulse width is 1~2μs, and the peak value should maintain a constant proportional relationship with the peak value of the current fast pulse signal.

[0048] Encoded electric rotating base: The encoded electric rotating base consists of a connecting base and a rotating motor. The connecting base is used to fix the diode socket substrate. The bottom of the base is fixedly connected to the central axis of the coded rotating motor. The rotation angle of the motor is controlled by a multi-channel control unit. The rotation angle is no more than 2 degrees each time. The static time at each angle is T Refer to the following settings:

[0049]

[0050] in, n It is a positive integer not less than 1. When the device is used for online monitoring in a fixed location, it is recommended to set n≥50; f is the AC frequency of the power system where the insulator being tested is located, f =50Hz, when the power system where the insulator to be tested is located is a DC system, take f =1Hz.

[0051] The current rotation angle (0~2π) is output in binary code form and synchronized with the solar-blind avalanche diode signal acquisition and storage time;

[0052] Multi-channel control unit: The multi-channel control unit receives instructions from the central processing unit and synchronously controls the start and stop states of the solar-blind avalanche diode, diode socket substrate and coded electric rotating base according to the instructions;

[0053] Signal acquisition and processing unit: The signal acquisition and processing unit receives the optical voltage pulse signals output by the diode socket substrate, detects the pulse peak value and the corresponding time of the peak value, and forms the optical pulse time sequence. And input it into the internal register of the central processing unit; the signal acquisition and processing unit receives the binary code output by the coded electric rotating base and converts it into the rotation angle , forming an angle time series And input to the internal register of the CPU;

[0054] Central Processing Unit: The central processing unit is used to issue instructions to the multi-channel control unit on the one hand, and on the other hand to control the optical pulse time sequence in the register and angle time series Perform real-time processing to obtain time series , according to the predetermined discharge source directional calculation steps, the time series Calculate and finally obtain the spatial direction of the discharge source .

[0055] In embodiment 2, the present invention provides a scanning and positioning method for insulating surface discharge, based on the scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge described in embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0056] The central processor issues instructions to the multi-channel control unit to synchronously control the start-up of the solar-blind avalanche diode, the diode socket substrate and the coded electric rotary base;

[0057] The discharge photon signals within a limited angle are collected and directed to two solar-blind avalanche diodes. The solar-blind ultraviolet band components of the optical signal are converted into photocurrent signals. The photocurrent signals are then converted into envelope-detected voltage signals, and peak sampling is performed on them to obtain a light pulse time series. At the same time, the binary code output by the coded electric rotating base is received and converted into an angle time series.

[0058] The light pulse time series and angle time series are transmitted and cached to the register in the central processing unit, and the light pulse time series and angle time series in the register are processed in real time to obtain the time series. The discharge source orientation calculation is performed on the time series to obtain the spatial direction of the discharge.

[0059] In a further preferred but non-limiting embodiment, the performing discharge source directional calculation on the time series specifically includes:

[0060] Step 1: Read the time series obtained from the solar-blind avalanche diodes 1 and 2 in the registers and , the same angle The peak value of the optical pulse Composition sequence ;

[0061] Step 2: Calculate the peak mean square value of the optical pulse exist The maximum value in The angle corresponding to ;

[0062] Step 3: Calculate the peak mean square value of the optical pulse exist The mean in ;

[0063] Step 4: Calculate the maximum value and mean The difference ratio .when At this time, it can be determined that at the current moment t, an obvious discharge has occurred, and the spatial horizontal angle of the discharge source is ;when When , it can be determined that the current discharge is not obvious and the discharge positioning result is unreliable; The preferred value is 0.35.

[0064] Step 5: Calculation and in The maximum value in and , and solve the following system of equations:

[0065] Where, is the angle difference between the two planes of the diode socket substrate in the normal direction, and are the angles between the partial discharge (PD) source and the normals of the two planes, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0066] Step 6: Calculate the discharge source pitch angle according to the following formula :

[0067]

[0068] Step 7: Obtain the spatial orientation result of the power distribution at the current time t .

[0069] The scanning non-planar photoelectric array device and method provided by the present invention, due to its simple structure, low cost, strong adaptability, and real-time monitoring capabilities, are well-suited for applications in a variety of scenarios, including drones, robots, and online monitoring of stations. In particular, in the field of drone inspections, the device can be easily mounted on drones to enable rapid scanning and discharge detection of power lines, significantly improving inspection efficiency and accuracy.

[0070] In order to more clearly introduce the outstanding essential features of the present invention and the significant progress it brings to the prior art, an application example of implementing the present invention is introduced below.

[0071] The application examples include:

[0072] In this embodiment, an artificial simulated discharge source is set at the front end of the device, specifically maintaining a specific horizontal angle position of about 2m. =25°, pitch angle , and constantly change the discharge intensity.

[0073] The device's optical conductor is made of fused quartz glass. The material has a minimum transmittance of 87.3% in the solar-blind ultraviolet band (250nm-280nm), an effective horizontal light-collecting angle of 7°, an effective elevation light-collecting angle of 115°, and a light loss of 1.76% in the optical transmission path. The solar-blind avalanche diode has a quantum efficiency of no less than 16.5% in the 250nm-280nm band, and an internal photoelectric gain of 1.3×10 5 A / W, effective light receiving area is not less than 4.65mm 2 ; The angle difference between the two planes in the diode socket substrate structure The voltage pulse signal after transimpedance I / V amplification and detection has a pulse width of 1.45μs, and the peak value should have a proportional coefficient of 32 to the peak value of the current fast pulse signal; the encoding rotary motor of the encoding electric rotary base rotates at an angle of 1.0° each time, and the static time at each angle is T The signal is collected by the AD unit in the STM32 microprocessor, and the pulse peak value and the corresponding time of the peak value are detected by the ramp algorithm to form the optical pulse time series. And input it into the internal register of the central processing unit; the signal acquisition and processing unit receives the binary code output by the coded electric rotating base and converts it into the rotation angle , the angle accuracy is 1°;

[0074] The central processing unit uses the STM32 series single-chip microcomputer to issue instructions to the multi-channel control unit and to monitor the optical pulse time sequence in the register. and angle time series Perform real-time processing and read the time series obtained by the solar-blind avalanche diodes 1 and 2 in the register and , the same angle The peak value of the optical pulse Composition sequence .

[0075] Under the above conditions, the artificial discharge light source calculates the peak mean square value of the light pulse exist The maximum value in The range is 30dB~60dB. When it is greater than 60dB (i.e. ) corresponds to the angle Range ; At the same time, calculate the pitch angle , the results obtained according to different discharge sources are , , , .

[0076] Finally, plot the discharge source spatial orientation results like Figure 4 shown.

[0077] The present disclosure may be a system, method and / or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge, characterized in that: The device includes: Photoconductor, solar-blind avalanche diode, diode socket substrate, coded electric rotating base, multi-channel control unit, signal acquisition and processing unit and central processing unit, the multi-channel control unit is respectively connected to the solar-blind avalanche diode, the diode socket substrate and the coded electric rotating base, the signal acquisition and processing unit is respectively connected to the diode socket substrate and the coded electric rotating base, the solar-blind avalanche diode is connected to the diode socket substrate, the diode socket substrate is installed on the coded electric rotating base, the solar-blind avalanche diode includes a first solar-blind avalanche diode and a second solar-blind avalanche diode, the diode socket substrate structure is a double-plane structure, the angle difference between the normal directions of the two planes is not less than 15°, and each plane is There is a socket for connecting a solar-blind avalanche diode, which is connected to the first solar-blind avalanche diode and the second solar-blind avalanche diode respectively; the multi-channel control unit synchronously controls the start and stop states of the solar-blind avalanche diode, the diode socket substrate and the coded electric rotating base according to the instructions issued by the central processing unit; the optical conductor is used to collect the discharge photon signal and guide it to the solar-blind avalanche diode; the solar-blind avalanche diode converts the solar-blind ultraviolet band component of the optical signal into a photocurrent signal and transmits it to the diode socket substrate; the diode socket substrate converts the photocurrent signal into an envelope detection voltage signal and outputs it to the signal acquisition and processing unit; the signal acquisition and processing unit receives the envelope detection voltage signal and performs peak sampling to obtain a light pulse time series At the same time, the signal acquisition and processing unit receives the binary code output by the coded electric rotating base and converts it into an angle time series ,The signal acquisition and processing unit transmits and caches the light pulse time series and angle time series to the register in the central processing unit. The central processing unit performs discharge source orientation calculation based on the light pulse time series and angle time series in the register to obtain the spatial direction of the discharge; The discharge source directional calculation includes: The optical pulse time series and angle time series obtained by the first solar-blind avalanche diode and the second solar-blind avalanche diode in the register are processed in real time to obtain the time series and , the same angle The peak value of the optical pulse Composition sequence ; Calculate the peak mean square value of the optical pulse exist The maximum value in The angle corresponding to , optical pulse peak mean square value The calculation formula is: Calculate the peak mean square value of the optical pulse exist The mean in ; Calculate the maximum value and mean The difference ratio : when At this time, it can be determined that at the current moment t, an obvious discharge has occurred, and the spatial horizontal angle of the discharge source is ;when When the current discharge is not obvious, the discharge positioning result is unreliable. The values ​​of include 0.35; calculate and exist The maximum value in and , and solve the following system of equations: Where, is the angle difference between the two planes of the diode socket substrate in the normal direction, and are the angles between the local discharge source and the normals of the two planes; Calculation of partial discharge source pitch angle : Get the spatial orientation result of the power supply at the current time t .

2. The scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical conductor is made of fused quartz material or PMMA material, the material has a light transmittance of not less than 85% in the solar-blind ultraviolet band, an effective horizontal light receiving angle of 5° to 10°, an effective pitch light receiving angle of not less than 90°, and an optical loss in the direction of the optical transmission path of not more than 3%. After the optical guide is connected to the solar-blind avalanche diode, the light guide emission surface area does not exceed the effective light-receiving surface of the solar-blind avalanche diode.

3. The scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spectral response band of the solar-blind avalanche diode covers 250nm~280nm, the quantum efficiency within the spectral response band is not less than 15%, and the internal photoelectric gain is not less than 1×10 5 A / W, effective light receiving area is not less than 4mm 2 .

4. The scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The rear end of the socket of each solar-blind avalanche diode is connected to an I / V conversion amplifier detection circuit, which is used to convert the current fast pulse signal output by the solar-blind avalanche diode into a voltage signal with reduced frequency. The voltage signal pulse width is 1~2μs, and the peak value maintains a constant proportional relationship with the peak value of the current fast pulse signal.

5. The scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coded electric rotating base includes a connecting base and a coded rotating motor. The connecting base is used to fix the diode socket substrate. The bottom of the base is fixedly connected to the central axis of the coded rotating motor. The rotation angle of the coded rotating motor is controlled by a multi-channel control unit, and the rotation angle is no more than 2° each time.

6. The scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge according to claim 5, characterized in that: The encoding rotating motor rotates each time, and the static time at each angle is T for: in, n is a positive integer not less than 1. When the scanning positioning device for insulating surface discharge is used in a fixed position online monitoring scenario, n is ≥ 50; f The power system where the insulator being tested is located has an AC frequency. f =50Hz, when the power system where the insulator to be tested is located is a DC system, take f =1Hz; the current rotation angle is output to the signal acquisition and processing unit in binary code form and is synchronized with the solar-blind avalanche diode signal acquisition and storage time.

7. The scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal acquisition and processing unit is used to receive the various photovoltage pulse signals output by the diode socket substrate, detect the pulse peak value and the corresponding time of the peak value, form a light pulse time sequence and input it into the internal register of the central processing unit; the signal acquisition and processing unit receives the binary code output by the coded electric rotating base, and converts it into a rotation angle, forms an angle time sequence and inputs it into the internal register of the central processing unit.

8. The scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The functions of the central processing unit include: issuing instructions to the multi-channel control unit, performing real-time processing on the optical pulse time sequence and angle time sequence in the register to obtain the time sequence, and calculating the time sequence according to the predetermined discharge source orientation calculation steps to obtain the spatial direction of the discharge source.

9. A scanning and positioning method for insulating surface discharge, based on the scanning and positioning device for insulating surface discharge according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: The central processor issues instructions to the multi-channel control unit to synchronously control the start-up of the solar-blind avalanche diode, the diode socket substrate and the coded electric rotary base; The discharge photon signals within a limited angle are collected and directed to two solar-blind avalanche diodes. The solar-blind ultraviolet band components of the optical signal are converted into photocurrent signals. The photocurrent signals are then converted into envelope-detected voltage signals, and peak sampling is performed on them to obtain a light pulse time series. At the same time, the binary code output by the coded electric rotating base is received and converted into an angle time series. The light pulse time series and angle time series are transmitted and cached to the register in the central processing unit, and the light pulse time series and angle time series in the register are processed in real time to obtain the time series. The discharge source orientation calculation is performed on the time series to obtain the spatial direction of the discharge.

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