Underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on BIM system

Abstract

The invention provides an underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on a BIM (Building Information Modeling) system, and solves the technical problem of pipeline mounting and dismounting conflicts caused by intersection of underground pipelines with different functions during parallel construction in the prior art. The method comprises the steps that a three-dimensional model of the underground pipeline is created, and the three-dimensional model is converted into a four-dimensional model through coding information of a BIM assembly; configuring space-time conflict resources, appearances and four-dimensional elements, and performing conflict detection on the four-dimensional model to obtain a four-dimensional conflict result; and optimizing the construction scheduling of the potential space conflict of the underground pipeline. The method can be widely applied to the technical field of building construction and management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of building construction and management, and more specifically, to a method for underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization based on a BIM system. Background Art

[0002] Pumped-storage power stations are built in the mountains, using a complex network of hydraulic pipelines to connect upstream and downstream reservoirs. The main construction of the plant also involves the construction of multidisciplinary pipelines. The construction sites are highly intensive, there are many cross-pipeline operations, the construction environment is harsh, and the coordination workload is large. It is necessary to solve the problem of spatial and temporal conflicts in pipeline construction. BIM is a building design, construction and operation management system based on digital technology. It integrates all information of the construction project, including geometry, materials, equipment, time, etc., through digital building models to achieve collaborative design, fine construction and intelligent operation management. It has been introduced to solve the problem of optimizing the layout of construction sites.

[0003] However, for pumped-storage power stations, which involve a large number of underground pipelines, the actual application effect of existing BMI technology is limited. The main problem is that the underground pipelines of pumped-storage power stations are large in volume, the construction scope is wide, the pipeline lines are complex and there are many intersections, and the space management requirements are high. In addition, the construction of pumped-storage power stations is a typical project jointly participated by construction units in multiple fields. Different organizations undertake different construction projects, and the intersection of pipelines with different functions is not considered during design and planning. At present, the spatial analysis and scheduling optimization capabilities of BIM technology are limited, and there is a lack of effective scheduling capabilities for underground pipeline construction projects. New underground pipeline conflict detection and optimization methods are urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method for underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization based on a BIM system, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that during parallel construction, the intersection of underground pipelines with different functions causes conflicts in the installation and removal of pipelines.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization based on a BIM system, comprising the following steps: creating a three-dimensional model of the underground pipeline, and converting the three-dimensional model into a four-dimensional model using the coding information of the BIM component;

[0006] Configure resources, appearance and four-dimensional elements of space-time conflict, perform conflict detection on the four-dimensional model and obtain four-dimensional conflict results;

[0007] Optimize construction scheduling of underground pipelines with potential spatial conflicts.

[0008] Preferably, the process of converting the three-dimensional model into the four-dimensional model using the coding information of the BIM component: converting the three-dimensional model into a dgn.spx file; deriving the task scheduling according to the coding information of the three-dimensional model to obtain the xml file of the underground pipeline; importing the dgn.spx file and the xml file of the underground pipeline into Synchro, and automatically matching them to complete the creation of the four-dimensional model.

[0009] Preferably, the process of performing conflict detection includes: creating four-dimensional conflict detection, selecting three-dimensional detection components for testing to obtain detection results, and associating with time information to obtain four-dimensional conflict results.

[0010] Preferably, before the four-dimensional conflict detection, it is necessary to define the four-dimensional elements of spatiotemporal conflict detection, and the four-dimensional elements include the detection time domain, the detection object and the detection type.

[0011] Preferably, the three-dimensional model is composed of multiple BIM components.

[0012] Preferably, the optimization process includes: performing conflict detection on BIM components, and continuing execution if no conflict occurs; if a conflict occurs, identifying potential construction conflict pipelines and performing disassembly and installation storage, optimizing the construction schedule, and inputting the necessary parameters of the conflict into the optimization problem model to obtain the optimal schedule and achieve optimization.

[0013] Preferably, the purpose of the optimization problem model is to minimize the construction time and the number of time-space conflicts.

[0014] Preferably, the optimal schedule refers to a schedule that obtains the minimum construction period when the conflict upper limit is set to 0.

[0015] Preferably, the dgn.spx file includes models, textures, actions and scripts.

[0016] Preferably, the three-dimensional model includes an existing pipeline model, a deleted pipeline model and a reserved structure model for reference.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application provides a method for underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization based on the BIM system, which cleverly uses the coding information of the BIM components to convert the three-dimensional model into a four-dimensional model, making the observation angle wider and making the layout of the underground pipeline clearer; by configuring the resources, appearance and four-dimensional elements of the time-space conflict, the accuracy of the conflict detection is ensured, and the possible conflicts of the underground pipeline can be detected in multiple dimensions and multiple perspectives. During parallel construction, the present application can minimize the conflicts of the underground pipelines and reduce the possibility of conflicts during installation and disassembly; finally, by optimizing the construction scheduling of the potential spatial conflicts of the underground pipelines, the conflicts of the underground pipelines are further optimized, and all-round control of the underground pipeline layout is achieved, ensuring that no conflicts occur during the parallel construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 An underground pipeline construction optimization flow chart of an underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on a BIM system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 A pipeline construction conflict detection flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0022] See also Figure 1 , which is a flowchart of the second type of problem pipeline construction conflict detection in a method for underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization based on a BIM system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to overcome the two types of problems encountered in the existing underground pipeline construction: the first type of problem is the conflict between pipelines of different disciplines in the spatial dimension, which mainly occurs during the installation of other pipelines or existing pipelines. A major factor leading to this conflict is the lack of or inaccurate coordination in the design process of different disciplines; the second type of problem is the conflict that occurs at the same spatial point between the installation and removal of pipelines during parallel construction operations.

[0024] The first type of problem is usually a prerequisite for the second type of problem. Ideally, a reasonable construction sequence should be determined for different types of pipelines located at the same spatial point. However, in underground pipeline projects, there are often many pipelines with inaccurate layouts, which leads to confusion in human resource scheduling, delays in construction progress, and increased project costs. In order to avoid the above problems, this application proposes an optimization method for conflict detection and construction scheduling for two types of problems that arise in underground pipeline installation.

[0025] The detection methods for the first type of problems are relatively mature. The typical method is to use BIM software to create a three-dimensional model of the underground pipeline, then perform conflict detection based on predefined rules, and display the results intuitively.

[0026] The second type of problem is caused by improper sequence of construction activities related to the installation and removal of underground pipelines. This application conducts conflict detection for the second type of problem by establishing a four-dimensional BIM model. The main steps are:

[0027] S1: Create a 3D model of the underground pipeline and convert the 3D model into a 4D model using the encoding information of the BIM components.

[0028] In Bentley MicroStation software, a 3D model of underground pipelines is created according to the design drawings. The 3D model here is composed of multiple BIM components, and the BIM components are encoded according to the encoding format determined by the construction requirements. The created 3D model includes the existing pipeline model, the deleted pipeline model, and a retained structure model for reference. For the existing pipeline model that does not need to be temporarily removed, its start and end time in the software should be set outside the construction time range.

[0029] Use the Synchro plug-in in MicroStation software to convert the 3D model created in the above steps from dgn format to dgn.spx file, which includes the model, textures, actions and scripts.

[0030] Export the coding information of the underground pipeline 3D model in xlsx format from Bentley MicroStation software, import it into Microsoft Project, create a pipeline construction task schedule, and then export the task schedule in xml format to obtain the xml file of the underground pipeline.

[0031] Import the dgn.spx file of the 3D model and the xml file of the underground pipeline into the construction simulation software Synchro, and establish automatic matching rules to ensure that the coding information of the BIM components is aligned with the construction schedule in synchronization. Then, Synchro recognizes the coding information of the BIM components, matches the BIM components with the task schedule, and completes the creation of the 4D model.

[0032] S2: Configure the resources, appearance and four-dimensional elements of the space-time conflict, perform conflict detection on the four-dimensional model and obtain the four-dimensional conflict result.

[0033] By checking the logical loop of the established 4D model, the feasibility assessment of the construction schedule is carried out in the synchronous technology, identifying the items with missing schedule or unlinked elements and the items where they deviate from the logical sequence. Resources are configured for spatiotemporal conflict detection, including resource status and schedule status. The synchronizer sets the resource status of the existing pipeline to "Delete" and the resource status of the new pipeline to "Install". The schedule status of Synchro is configured as "Not Started", "In Progress" and "Completed", indicating the progress of the pipeline in various construction stages.

[0034] Configuring the appearance of the space-time conflict detection allows you to set different colors and transparency levels for different resources. However, Synchro keeps a consistent color for the various pipes, while setting the start transparency of installed pipes and the end transparency of removed pipes to zero.

[0035] Define the four-dimensional elements of spatiotemporal conflict detection, including detection time domain, detection object, and detection type. Configure Synchro, specify the detection time domain as the construction time range, set the detection object to all removed and installed pipelines, and classify the detection type as soft conflict. The steps for spatiotemporal conflict detection include:

[0036] First, create a 4D conflict test. Select the 3D detection component, run the test, and check the dynamic correlation of underground pipeline conflict location and time information in the test results. Finally, export the 4D conflict results in PDF format.

[0037] After having the detection technology for the two conflict problems in underground pipeline construction, it is necessary to optimize the construction scheduling of potential spatial conflicts in underground pipelines to avoid the occurrence of conflict problems during the construction process.

[0038] S3: Optimize the construction scheduling of potential spatial conflicts of underground pipelines.

[0039] See also Figure 2 , which is an optimized flow chart of underground pipeline construction in one embodiment of the present application.

[0040] First, the conflict detection of the second type of problem is performed on the BIM components. Four-dimensional BIM modeling is used to obtain the results of spatiotemporal conflict detection based on the current construction plan. If these results indicate that no conflict has occurred, the current plan can be executed. If a spatiotemporal conflict is detected, the conflict detection of the first type of problem is continued and scheduling optimization is initiated.

[0041] Secondly, conflict detection is performed for the first type of problems to identify all potential construction conflict pipelines and store them in pairs, laying the foundation for subsequent scheduling optimization.

[0042] Next, the construction schedule optimization is performed, and the necessary parameters of the potential construction conflict pipeline are input into the optimization problem model. These parameters include the number of demolition sections, the number of installation sections, the number of demolition workers, the number of installation workers, and the upper limit of time and space conflicts. In addition, the settings of all pipeline sections and their respective construction times are also included.

[0043] Finally, if the optimized model obtains the minimum construction period when the conflict upper limit N is set to 0, the schedule is considered to be optimal. If the construction period is minimized and the conflict upper limit N is not equal to 0, it is necessary to further analyze alternative adjustments to the spatiotemporal conflict. The first method is to place the conflicting pipeline at the end of construction and retain the rest of the plan, but this may lead to interruptions in excavation work. The second method requires adjusting the internal process within the pipeline segment. By changing the order in which the components within the segment are built, the problem of removing the pipeline can be solved before installing the underground pipeline. The four-dimensional model plan is then modified and the above process is repeated. Among them, because the optimization problem model focuses on the segment, the segment is taken as the smallest scheduling unit here.

[0044] The optimization problem model can be adjusted according to actual needs. This application provides an optimization problem model example as a reference, and its parameter settings are as follows:

[0045] Let a represent the number of dismantling parts, and b represent the number of installation parts. The label set of the pipeline part is expressed as I = {1, 2, ..., a+b}, where the deleted part corresponds to I1 = {1, 2, ..., a}, and the installation part corresponds to I2 = {a+1, a+2, ..., a+b}. Let m represent the number of relocation workers, and n represent the number of installation workers. The label set of construction workers is marked as J = {1, 2, ..., m+n}, the demolition workers correspond to J1 = {1, 2, ..., m}, and the installers correspond to J2 = {m+1, m+2, ..., m+n}. Let L represent the number of construction positions of the workers, and the number of positions for each worker is the same. L takes the maximum value between a and b. The construction position label set of each worker is recorded as K = {1, 2, ..., L}. W i，j，k (i∈I, j∈J, k∈K) is defined as a binary variable, representing the construction configuration of the corresponding position pipeline segment. i,j,k= 1 means node i is constructed by worker j at position k, W i,j,k =0 means there is no structure at this position.

[0046] The goal of the optimization problem model is to minimize the construction time and the number of time-space conflicts. It is a multi-objective optimization problem. In order to better reduce the construction time, the maximum disassembly time T is assumed to be completed by different workers for the dismantling and installation parts. A and the maximum installation time T B All must be minimized.

[0047] This application defines T i ={t i 、r|r∈C i ,i∈I}i is the construction time set of pipeline components, where t i , r represents the construction time of component r in i, and the component label set in i is C i , therefore, the construction time of section i is expressed as PD={T i |i∈I} is defined as the set of construction times for all pipeline segments. Each value in the PD set should be rounded to the nearest integer to simplify calculations within the integer model. A and T B A weighted approach is used for the multi-objective optimization. Since the workload of tasks may be different, the weight coefficients α and β are assigned according to the average duration ratio of the removal and installation tasks. AveA and AveB represent the average duration of the removal and installation tasks, which are defined as:

[0048]

[0049] The objective function can be defined as:

[0050] obj=α×T A +β×T B ;

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] Assume τ j represents the construction time of worker j, which is related to the variable W i,j,k The relationship is defined as follows:

[0054]

[0055] T A and T B The expression is:

[0056] TA =max{τ j}, j∈J1;

[0057] T B =max{τ j},j∈J2; (4)

[0058] Under these assumptions, the variable W i,j,k The following conditions must be met:

[0059]

[0060] In formula (5), since each part is constructed at only one position, the sum of the expressions is equal to 1. Since the range of index k reaches the maximum value of L, some positions may not be constructed, so the sum of the expressions is 1 or 0. To ensure the continuous construction of each worker, the decision variable in the previous position must be greater than or equal to the value of the subsequent position. In other words, when the above position is not constructed, the subsequent position should also avoid construction.

[0061] Next, constraints are applied to determine spatiotemporal conflicts. The set of components in Section i is defined as P i ={p i ,r|r∈C i ,∈I}, where p i,r represents the component r in the i-th section. PL = {P i |i∈I} represents the set of all pipeline segments. Then, the start time of the pipeline component is expressed as S i、j、k、r It is defined as:

[0062]

[0063] Where, in equation (6), (i, j, k) represents the construction configuration of component r. The equation consists of two parts: the first part is the sum of the duration of all parts before worker j at position k, and the second part is the sum of the duration of all pipeline components before component r in part i at position k.

[0064] However, in equation (6), (i, j, k) is an arbitrary combination and cannot be directly replaced in the spatiotemporal conflict determination formula. i,j,k must be equal to 1, because the start time of this part is only meaningful when the construction is actually executed. Therefore, we introduce S i,r to represent the construction start time of component r in section i, which is used for spatiotemporal conflict detection. i、j、k、r The relationship is ensured by the following formula S i,r Corresponds to part i constructed under a particular combination (i, j, k):

[0065]

[0066] However, S i,r The expression involves the multiplication of two variables. To facilitate the solution, q is introduced i,j,k,r , which is equal to

[0067] Therefore, the construction start time of the pipeline component is expressed as:

[0068]

[0069] Therefore, the nonlinear problem is transformed from Si, r to qi, j, k, r and linearized as follows:

[0070]

[0071] The completion time of a pipeline component is defined as:

[0072] E i,r =S i,r +t i,r ; (10)

[0073] The first type of problem conflict detection method needs to be applied to the initial pipeline scheduling plan to obtain the potential spatial conflict pipeline group ZG set, which is then used as the input condition of the optimization model. Each element in ZG consists of x and y, where x represents the deleted pipeline and y represents the installed pipeline. To distinguish, subscript 1 is used to represent deletion and subscript 2 is used for installation.

[0074] Therefore, Si2, y represents the construction start time of y, and Ei 1, x represents the construction end time of x. Di1, x, i2, y is a binary variable that represents a set of conflicting configurations of potential spatial conflicting pipelines (x, y). When Di1, x, i2, y = 1, it means that there is a spatial-temporal conflict between x and y; when Di1, x, i2, y = 0, it means that there is no spatial-temporal conflict. Di1, x, i2, y must meet the following conditions:

[0075]

[0076] Finally, in order to transform the optimization goal of time-space conflict into a constraint condition, it is necessary to constrain the sum of Di1, x, i2, and y not to exceed the specified condition

[0077]

[0078] In general, the construction scheduling optimization problem based on potential spatial conflicts can be expressed as

[0079] minα×T A +β×T B ; (13)

[0080] stEq.(1)-(12);

[0081] The above is an example of an optimization model that can be solved using the Gurobi solver. The solution results include the number of time-space conflicts, pipeline component construction time information, and optimized pipeline construction scheduling, thereby optimizing the potential construction conflicts of underground pipelines.

[0082] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0083] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization based on BIM system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Create a 3D model of underground pipelines and convert the 3D model into a 4D model using the coded information of BIM components; configuring resources, appearance and four-dimensional elements of the space-time conflict, and performing conflict detection on the four-dimensional model to obtain a four-dimensional conflict result; Optimize construction scheduling of underground pipelines with potential spatial conflicts.

2. According to claim 1, a method for underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization based on a BIM system is characterized in that: The process of converting the three-dimensional model into a four-dimensional model using the coding information of the BIM component: converting the three-dimensional model into a dgn.spx file; The task scheduling is performed according to the coding information of the BIM components in the three-dimensional model to obtain the XML file of the underground pipeline; the dgn.spx file and the XML file of the underground pipeline are imported into Synchro, and the four-dimensional model is created by automatic matching.

3. The underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on the BIM system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The process of performing conflict detection includes: creating a four-dimensional conflict detection, selecting a three-dimensional detection component for testing to obtain a detection result, and associating with time information to obtain a four-dimensional conflict result.

4. The underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on the BIM system according to claim 3 is characterized by: Before the four-dimensional conflict detection, it is necessary to define the four-dimensional elements of spatiotemporal conflict detection, and the four-dimensional elements include detection time domain, detection object and detection type.

5. The underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on the BIM system according to claim 4 is characterized by: The three-dimensional model is composed of multiple BIM components.

6. The underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on the BIM system according to claim 5 is characterized by: The optimization process includes: performing conflict detection on the BIM components, and continuing execution if no conflict occurs; if a conflict occurs, identifying potential construction conflict pipelines and disassembling and installing them and then storing them, optimizing the construction schedule, and inputting the necessary parameters of the conflict into the optimization problem model to obtain the optimal schedule and achieve optimization.

7. The underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on the BIM system according to claim 6 is characterized by: The purpose of the optimization problem model is to minimize the construction time and the number of time-space conflicts.

8. The underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on the BIM system according to claim 7 is characterized by: The optimal schedule refers to a schedule that can obtain the minimum construction period when the conflict upper limit is set to 0.

9. The underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on the BIM system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The dgn.spx file includes models, textures, actions and scripts.

10. The underground pipeline construction conflict detection and optimization method based on BIM system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The three-dimensional model includes an existing pipeline model, a deleted pipeline model and a reserved structure model for reference.

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