Amplitude amplification method, device and equipment based on distributed quantum computing and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to an amplitude amplification method, device and equipment based on distributed quantum computing and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an initial global quantum state based on an original operator acting on n global quantum bits, and the initial global quantum state comprises k global target ground states to be amplified; constructing a node quantum state; constructing a node operator; obtaining a first global quantum state based on the original operator acting on the n quantum bits and each node operator, and constructing a global operator; obtaining a second global quantum state based on the original operator acting on the n quantum bits, each node operator and the global operator; and measuring and counting the second global quantum state, and determining the first k ground states which are ranked from large to small according to the probability in the measurement and counting result as the global target ground states to be amplified. According to the method, the calculation precision and the execution efficiency are improved, the practicability is high, the universality is good, and the method can be widely applied to various quantum calculations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum computing technology, and in particular to an amplitude amplification method, device, equipment and medium based on distributed quantum computing. Background Art

[0002] Quantum algorithms are algorithms that run on quantum computers and represent a cutting-edge computing technology. They use properties such as quantum superposition and quantum entanglement in quantum mechanics to solve problems that are difficult to solve with traditional algorithms. Compared with classical algorithms, quantum algorithms use quantum bits (Qubit) as the basic carrier of information and can explore multiple possible solutions at the same time, thereby achieving significant superiority over classical computing on specific problems.

[0003] To date, researchers have developed a variety of quantum algorithms and successfully applied them in many fields. For example, the Shor algorithm, with the help of quantum parallelism, efficiently decomposes large integers in polynomial time, bringing disruptive changes to the field of cryptography; and the Grover algorithm, with the help of quantum search technology, achieves a quadratic increase in search efficiency in disordered databases. Among them, the Quantum Amplitude Amplification (QAA) algorithm is another important algorithm in the field of quantum computing. It constructs and repeatedly executes the amplitude amplification operator to amplify the amplitude of the target state, thereby increasing the probability of measuring the target state. The QAA algorithm can not only be used to solve search problems and improve search efficiency, but can also be extended to quantum machine learning, optimization problems and other decision-making problems. Therefore, it has important application value in quantum computing.

[0004] Since the amplitude amplification operator in the QAA algorithm includes the unitary operation (or called unitary operator) for preparing the initial quantum state, when the amplitude amplification operator is repeatedly executed, the unitary operation for preparing the initial quantum state is also repeatedly executed multiple times. This causes the complexity of the QAA algorithm to increase significantly with the increase in the complexity of the unitary operation for preparing the initial quantum state, thereby resulting in a decrease in accuracy and execution efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an amplitude amplification method, device, equipment and medium based on distributed quantum computing to improve calculation accuracy and execution efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing, comprising the following steps: Based on the primitive operator acting on n global quantum bits, the initial global quantum state for amplitude amplification is obtained, where the initial global quantum state includes 2 nThe amplitude is a global ground state of arbitrary complex numbers, and the amplitude normalization condition is satisfied; 2 n The global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified; According to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, a corresponding node quantum state is constructed for each computing node, wherein each node ground state corresponding to each computing node is a local quantum state of the global ground state; the sum of the number of quantum bits of all computing nodes is equal to the number of global quantum bits n; Determine the node basis state corresponding to the local quantum state of the global target basis state in the node quantum state as the node target basis state, and the multiple node target basis states of each computing node together constitute the node target superposition state of each computing node; Based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state, a corresponding node amplitude amplification operator is constructed for each computing node, and the number of repeated iterative executions of the node amplitude amplification operator is determined. The node amplitude amplification operator with the repeated iterative execution times constitutes a node operator. Based on the original operator and the node operator acting on the n quantum bits, a first global quantum state is obtained, wherein the first global quantum state includes k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes, and the k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes together constitute a global target superposition state; A global amplitude amplification operator is constructed based on the first global quantum state and the global target superposition state, and the number of repeated iterative executions of the global amplitude amplification operator is determined, and the global amplitude amplification operator with the repeated iterative execution times constitutes a global operator; Based on the original operator, the node operator and the global operator acting on the n quantum bits, a second global quantum state is obtained; The second global quantum state is measured and counted, and the first k basis states in the measurement statistics, which are sorted in descending order according to probability, are determined as the global target basis states to be amplified.

[0007] Optionally, the step of constructing a corresponding node quantum state for each computing node according to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes, and the number of quantum bits of each computing node includes: The number of node qubits n of each computing node is determined based on the number of global qubits n, the number of computing nodes, and the number of available qubits of each computing node. j , where the total number of quantum bits in all nodes is n j The sum of is the number of global quantum bits n; Assigning each node qubit of each computation node its position in the global qubits; Based on the number of node qubits n of each computing node j Determine the node base state of each computing node, where each computing node has 2 njnode ground states, each node ground state is a local quantum state of the global ground state; For each node basis state of each computing node, according to the position of the node quantum bit in the global quantum bit, the 2 containing the node basis state is determined from the global basis state of the initial global quantum state. n-nj A global ground state; Extract the 2 n-nj The amplitude of the global ground state is obtained to obtain a dimension of 2 n-nj A vector of Calculate the vector modulus and use the vector modulus as the amplitude of the corresponding node ground state, where 2 nj The node ground states with corresponding amplitudes determined constitute the node quantum state of the computing node.

[0008] Optionally, the node amplitude amplification operator includes a sequentially connected node target superposition state amplitude flip operator, a conjugate transpose of a node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude flip operator and a node original operator; correspondingly, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a sequentially connected global target superposition state amplitude flip operator, a conjugate transpose of a first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude flip operator and a first operator, wherein the first operator includes the sequentially connected original operators and all node operators.

[0009] Optionally, the node amplitude amplification operator includes a sequentially connected node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, a conjugate transpose of a node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and a node original operator; correspondingly, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a sequentially connected global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, a conjugate transpose of a first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and a first operator, wherein the first operator includes the sequentially connected original operators and all node operators; correspondingly, the measurement statistics of the second global quantum state include k basis states, which are k global target basis states to be amplified.

[0010] Optionally, when the first global quantum state is the tensor product of node terminal quantum states obtained after evolution through each computing node, the first global quantum state is measured and counted, and the first k basis states in the measurement statistical results sorted from large to small according to probability are determined as the global target basis states to be amplified.

[0011] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing, the amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing includes a parameter acquisition module, a node quantum state construction module, a first operator construction module, a global operator construction module, a quantum circuit construction module and an operation and measurement module, wherein the parameter acquisition module is configured to obtain the number of global quantum bits n, the number of computing nodes and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, and obtain an initial global quantum state for amplitude amplification based on the original operator acting on the n global quantum bits, wherein the initial global quantum state includes 2 n The amplitude is a global ground state of arbitrary complex numbers, and the amplitude normalization condition is satisfied; 2 n The global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified; the node quantum state construction module is configured to construct corresponding node quantum states for each computing node according to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, wherein each node basis state corresponding to each computing node is a local quantum state of the global basis state; the sum of the number of quantum bits of all computing nodes is equal to the number of global quantum bits n; the node basis state corresponding to the local quantum state of the global target basis state in the node quantum state is determined as the node target basis state, and the multiple node target basis states of each computing node constitute the node target superposition state of the computing node; the first operator construction module is configured to construct a corresponding node amplitude amplification operator for each computing node based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state, and determine the number of repeated iterative executions of the node amplitude amplification operator, and the node amplitude amplification operator with the repeated iterative execution times constitutes the node operator; the original operators connected in sequence and all the node operators constitute The first operator is formed; the global operator construction module is configured to construct a global amplitude amplification operator based on the first global quantum state and the global target superposition state obtained after the original operator and the node operator acting on the n quantum bits, and determine the number of repeated iterative executions of the global amplitude amplification operator, and the global amplitude amplification operator with the number of repeated iterative executions constitutes a global operator; the quantum circuit construction module is configured so that the quantum circuit includes a first operator module and a global operator module connected in sequence, the first operator module includes a first operator module connected in sequence and all node operator modules, each node operator module includes a node amplitude amplification operator module with the number of repeated iterative executions; the global operator module includes a global amplitude amplification operator module with the number of repeated iterative executions; the operation and measurement module is configured to operate the quantum circuit, measure and count the second global quantum state at the end of the quantum circuit, and determine the first k ground states sorted from large to small according to probability in the measurement and statistical results as the global target ground states to be amplified.

[0012] Optionally, when the first operator construction module constructs the node amplitude amplification operator, the constructed node amplitude amplification operator includes the node target superposition state amplitude flip operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, the node all-zero state amplitude flip operator and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when the global operator construction module constructs the global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator includes the global target superposition state amplitude flip operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, the global all-zero state amplitude flip operator and the first operator connected in sequence.

[0013] Optionally, when the first operator construction module constructs the node amplitude amplification operator, the constructed node amplitude amplification operator includes the node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, the node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when the global operator construction module constructs the global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator includes the global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, the global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and the first operator connected in sequence.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computing device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer instructions, and when the processor runs the computer instructions, it executes the aforementioned amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, characterized in that when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing is executed.

[0016] The amplitude amplification method and device based on distributed quantum computing based on the distributed computing concept provided by the present invention are more suitable for quantum computing conditions in the NISQ era, and the calculation accuracy and execution efficiency are effectively improved. In addition, the method and device have strong practicality and good versatility, and can be widely used in various quantum calculations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a flow chart of an amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a flow chart of a method for constructing a node quantum state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a quantum circuit block diagram of a distributed amplitude amplification operator according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a quantum circuit block diagram of a distributed precise amplitude amplification operator according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The quantum circuit diagram of the first operator module B in FIG. Figure 6 is a quantum circuit block diagram of a first operator module B constructed according to an application embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of measurement statistics results of a first global quantum state according to an application embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a block diagram of a quantum circuit according to an application embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of measurement statistics of a second global quantum state according to an application embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a block diagram of a quantum circuit constructed based on the existing quantum precision amplitude amplification method; Fig.11 It is a quantum circuit diagram of operators used for rotating all zero-state amplitudes in two node operators in the aforementioned application embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a quantum circuit diagram of operators used for rotating the amplitude of a target superposition state in two node operators in the aforementioned application embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 is a principle block diagram of an amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a block diagram of the structural principles of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the following detailed description, reference may be made to the various specification drawings that are part of the present application and are used to illustrate specific embodiments of the present application. In the accompanying drawings, similar reference numerals describe substantially similar components in different figures. The various specific embodiments of the present application are described below in sufficient detail so that a person of ordinary skill in the art with relevant knowledge and skills in the art can implement the technical solutions of the present application. It should be understood that other embodiments may also be used or structural, logical or electrical changes may be made to the embodiments of the present application.

[0020] Figure 1 : is a flow chart of an amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the method comprises the following steps: Step S1, obtaining an initial global quantum state. Specifically, the initial global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator acting on n global quantum bits, wherein the initial global quantum state includes 2 n The amplitude is a global ground state of arbitrary complex numbers, and the amplitude normalization condition is satisfied; 2 n The global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified, n≥1, k≥1.

[0021] Step S2, constructing node quantum states. Specifically, according to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, a corresponding node quantum state is constructed for each computing node, and each node base state of the node quantum state is a local quantum state of the global base state; wherein the sum of the number of quantum bits of all computing nodes is the global number of quantum bits n.

[0022] Step S3, determining the node target superposition state. Specifically, the node base state corresponding to the local quantum state of the global target base state in the node quantum state is determined as the node target base state of the computing node, and multiple node target base states constitute the node target superposition state.

[0023] Step S4, constructing a node operator. Specifically, based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state, a corresponding node amplitude amplification operator and its execution times are constructed for each computing node to obtain a node operator.

[0024] Step S5, obtaining a first global quantum state. Specifically, based on the original operator acting on the n quantum bits and each node operator, a first global quantum state is obtained, wherein the first global quantum state includes k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes, and the k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes constitute a first global target superposition state.

[0025] Step S6, constructing a global operator. Specifically, constructing a global amplitude amplification operator and its execution times based on the first global quantum state and the first global target superposition state to obtain a global operator.

[0026] Step S7, obtaining a second global quantum state. Specifically, the second global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator acting on the n quantum bits, each node operator and the global operator.

[0027] Step S8, measuring the second global quantum state and obtaining the measurement statistics, wherein the first k basis states in the measurement statistics, which are sorted in descending order of probability, are the global target basis states.

[0028] In step S1, the original operator is used as a known operator A, and its corresponding quantum circuit or function depends on the specific application, such as an operator for implementing quantum amplitude coding, a specific function for a specific search scenario, etc. The initial global quantum state obtained based on the original operator acting on n global quantum bits , which is expressed as follows (1-1): (1-1) Initial global quantum state For a 2 n The superposition state of the ground states, i represents the ground state Serial number, is a complex number, a ground state The corresponding amplitude, initial global quantum state The amplitudes of all ground states satisfy the normalization condition, that is, . 2 n The k of the basis states are global target basis states, that is, the specified basis states whose amplitudes are to be amplified.

[0029] In step S2, when constructing the node quantum state, in one embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of a method for constructing a node quantum state according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for constructing a node quantum state comprises the following steps: Step S21, determine the number of node quantum bits n of each computing node j Specifically, the number of node qubits n of each computing node is determined according to the number of global qubits n, the number of computing nodes t, and the number of available qubits of each computing node. j , where the total number of quantum bits in all nodes is n j The sum of is the number of global quantum bits n, that is, . Where j is the serial number of the computing node.

[0030] Step S22, specifying the position of each node qubit of each computing node in the global qubit. Wherein, when specifying the position, it can be specified in sequence. For example, taking the total number of qubits of each computing node as a group, the global qubit sequence is divided into t consecutive groups, so that multiple sequentially sorted qubits of a computing node correspond one-to-one to the consecutive global qubits in the corresponding group. However, it should be noted that when specifying the position of each node qubit of each computing node in the global qubit, the global qubit at any position can be specified as a node qubit.

[0031] Step S23, based on the number of node quantum bits n of each computing node j Determine the node base state of each computing node, where each computing node has 2 nj node base states, each node base state is a local quantum state of the global base state, wherein the local quantum state is the quantum state of some quantum bits in the global state.

[0032] Step S24, determining a global ground state including a node ground state. Specifically, for each node ground state of each computing node, according to the position of the node quantum bit in the global quantum bit, determine the 2 global ground states including the node ground state from the global ground state of the initial global quantum state. n-nj A global base state.

[0033] Step S25, obtaining the vectors composed of amplitudes. Specifically, extract the two n-nj The amplitude of the global ground state is obtained to obtain a dimension of 2 n-nj Vector.

[0034] Step S26, calculating the vector modulus, and using the vector modulus as the amplitude of the corresponding node ground state, wherein the 2 nj The node ground states with corresponding amplitudes determined constitute the node quantum state of the computing node.

[0035] For example, for a set of 4 global quantum bits q0, q1, q2, q3 arranged in order, there are 2 4 = 16 global ground states, .

[0036] When the number of quantum bits of a computing node Node0 is n j is 2, and when its quantum bits correspond to the upper two bits of the global quantum bits, its node ground states are Then determine the amplitude of each node ground state, assuming that the amplitudes of the four node ground states are .

[0037] For the node base state , determine the quantum state consisting of the two higher qubits from the 16 global ground states as the node ground state The global base state of : , which has 2 (4-2) = 4. Similarly, determine the global ground state corresponding to the ground state of other nodes.

[0038] Assume that the amplitudes of the 16 global ground states are . corresponds to the node ground state , the global base state containing the base state of the node The amplitudes are , we get the vector G0, G0 is expressed as [ ].

[0039] Then calculate the modulus of vector G0 according to formula (1-2) : (1-2) The modulus of the vector G0 The node base state Amplitude ,Right now = .

[0040] Similarly, the amplitudes of the ground states of the other three nodes are obtained, thereby obtaining the node quantum state of the computing node, which is a superposition state.

[0041] Corresponding to each node quantum state, which contains the node target ground state. Specifically, the node ground state corresponding to the local quantum state of the global target ground state in the node quantum state is determined as the node target ground state of the computing node. Still taking the initial global quantum state composed of the above 4 global quantum bits as an example, when and When it is the global target base state, it corresponds to the computing node Node0, in its 4 node base states , , , middle, and is the node target base state. These two node target base states constitute the node target superposition state of the computing node Node0.

[0042] In addition, in addition to the aforementioned construction method, the node quantum state can also be obtained through the matrix product state (MPS) or the approximate division of the quantum state method. For details, please refer to the relevant literature and will not be repeated here.

[0043] In one embodiment, the node amplitude amplification operator Q constructed in step S4 is j Including the sequentially connected node target superposition state amplitude flip operator Sjf , the conjugate transpose of the original operator of the node , node all zero state amplitude flip operator S j0 and the node original operator A j That is, the node amplitude amplification operator Q j The calculation formula is shown in the following formula (1-3): (1-3) in, for The conjugate transpose of It is an operator that is the same as the original operator A, but has a different number of quantum bits. Here, the original operator that acts on the node quantum bits is referred to as the node original operator.

[0044] In order to achieve the amplitude amplification of the node target base state, the aforementioned node amplitude amplification operator Q needs to be j Repeat the iteration multiple times. To simplify the description, the node amplitude amplification operator Q j The composed calculation is called node operator Nj.

[0045] In step S5, based on the original operator acting on n quantum bits and each node operator, the first global quantum state is obtained through the evolution of the corresponding quantum circuit, which is the quantum state of the first stage. At this time, the first global quantum state includes k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes, and the k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes constitute the global target superposition state. In the first stage, the amplitudes of the initial k global target ground states to be amplified are amplified by local amplification, while the amplitudes of other non-target ground states are reduced.

[0046] Correspondingly, the global amplitude amplification operator Q in step S6 includes sequentially connected global target superposition state amplitude flipping operators S f , the conjugate transpose of the first operator , a global all-zero-state amplitude flip operator S0 and a first operator B, wherein the first operator B includes the original operator A connected in sequence and all the node operators Nj. The calculation formula of the global amplitude amplification operator Q is shown in the following formula (1-4): (1-4) In order to achieve the amplitude amplification of the target state, it is necessary to repeatedly iterate the aforementioned global amplitude amplification operator Q. In order to simplify the description, the calculation composed of the global amplitude amplification operator Q repeatedly iterated is referred to as the global operator C.

[0047] In this embodiment, the node amplitude amplification operator Q jThe construction principle is the same as that of the global amplitude amplification operator Q, and the method for determining the number of repeated iterations is the same. In the following description, the calculation principle of the amplification operator is explained with a common name and symbol.

[0048] Operator The amplitude used to flip the all-zero state is shown in the following formula (1-5): (1-5) Among them represents a ground state.

[0049] Operator S f The amplitude used to flip the target superposition state is shown in the following formula (1-6): (1-6) in, represents the target state set, Represents the non-target state set. When expressed as a function, it is as shown in the following formula (1-7): (1-7) In other words, the quantum state obtained after performing the amplitude amplification operation is It can be shown as the following formula (1-8): (1-8) Finally, the calculation formula for the number of times the amplification operator is repeated iteratively executed r is as shown in the following formula (1-9): (1-9) Among them, p g For measurement Get the target superposition state The probability is as shown in the following formula (1-10): (1-10) is the amplitude of a target ground state x.

[0050] The symbols └ ┘ in expressions (1-9) indicate rounding down.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 : is a block diagram of a quantum circuit of a distributed amplitude amplification operator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the quantum circuit includes a first operator B module and a global operator C module connected in sequence, the first operator B module includes a sequentially connected original operator A module and all node operator Nj modules, and each node operator Nj module includes a plurality of sequentially connected node amplitude amplification operator Qj modules. The node amplitude amplification operator Qj includes a node target superposition state amplitude flipping operator Sjf , the conjugate transpose of the original operator of the node , node all zero state amplitude flip operator S j0 and the node original operator A j The global operator C module includes a plurality of sequentially connected global amplitude amplification operator Q modules. The global amplitude amplification operator Q includes a global target superposition state amplitude flip operator S f , the conjugate transpose of the first operator , the global zero-state amplitude flip operator S0 and the first operator .

[0052] Combination Figure 3 , see Figure 1 ,according to Figure 1 In the process shown in step S1, the initial global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator A acting on n global quantum bits. Then, in step S2, the node quantum states of t computing nodes are obtained, and the node target superposition state of each computing node is obtained according to step S3. Then, in step S4, the node operator Nj of each computing node is constructed. In step S5, the first global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator acting on n quantum bits and each node operator. , which includes the global target ground state after local amplitude amplification. Then, in step S6, a global operator C is constructed, and in step S7, a second global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator A acting on n quantum bits, each node operator Nj and the global operator C. , the second global quantum state is the terminal quantum state of the quantum circuit, and then it is measured, and each basis state is sorted in order of probability from large to small, among which the first k basis states are the k global target basis states to be amplified.

[0053] In another embodiment, the node amplitude amplification operator Q constructed in step S4 j Including the sequentially connected node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R jg , the conjugate transpose of the original operator of the node , node all zero state amplitude rotation operator R j0 and the node original operator A j That is, the node amplitude amplification operator Q j The calculation formula is shown in the following formula (2-1): (2-1) in, for The conjugate transpose of It is an operator that is the same as the original operator A, but has a different number of quantum bits. Here, the original operator that acts on the node quantum bits is referred to as the node original operator.

[0054] In order to achieve the amplitude amplification of the node target base state, the aforementioned node amplitude amplification operator Q needs to be j Repeat the iteration multiple times. To simplify the description, the node amplitude amplification operator Q is repeated multiple times. j The calculation composed of ′ is called node operator Nj.

[0055] The global amplitude amplification operator Q in step S6 includes sequentially connected global target superposition state amplitude rotation operators R f , the conjugate transpose of the first operator , the global zero-state amplitude rotation operator R0 and the first operator , where the first operator Including the original operator A connected in sequence and all the node operators Nj. The calculation formula of the global amplitude amplification operator Q is shown in the following formula (2-2): (2-2) In order to achieve the amplitude amplification of the target state, it is necessary to repeatedly iterate the aforementioned global amplitude amplification operator Q. In order to simplify the description, the calculation consisting of repeatedly iterating the global amplitude amplification operator Q is called the global operator C.

[0056] In this embodiment, the node amplitude amplification operator Q j The construction principle is the same as that of the global amplitude amplification operator Q, and the determination of the number of repeated iterations is the same. In the following description, the calculation principle of the amplification operator is explained with a common name and symbol.

[0057] Operator The amplitude used to rotate the all-zero state is shown in the following formula (2-3): (2-3) Operator Used to rotate the target superposition state The amplitude is as shown in the following formula (2-4): (2-4) in, is the phase, and the calculation expression is shown in the following formula (2-5): (2-5) Repeat the iteration number r=J+1, where the parameter Satisfy the following formula (2-6): (2-6) The calculation method of Pg in Expression (2-5) and Expression (2-6) is shown in Formula (1-10).

[0058] The corresponding quantum circuit can be found in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 4 is a block diagram of a quantum circuit of a distributed precise amplitude amplification operator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Block diagram of the quantum circuit of the first operator module B in . In this embodiment, there are n global quantum bits and t computing nodes, and the sum of the number of quantum bits of each computing node is the number of global quantum bits n. The quantum circuit includes a first operator B module and a global operator C module connected in sequence, wherein the first operator B module includes a sequentially connected original operator A module and all node operator modules, and each node operator module includes a plurality of sequentially connected node amplitude amplification operator modules. To simplify the diagram, only one node amplitude amplification operator module is shown in the figure for each node operator module, and the sequential connection relationship is represented by the marked execution times. Each node amplitude amplification operator module includes a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, a conjugate transpose of the node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and a node original operator. See Figure 5 , at the first computing node, the first node amplitude amplification operator module Q0 in the first node operator module N0 includes the node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R |g0> , the conjugate transpose of the original operator of the node , node all zero state amplitude rotation operator R _0|g0> and the node original operator A |g0> The first node amplitude amplification operator module Q0 needs to be executed Jg0+1 times. At the second computing node, the second node amplitude amplification operator module Q1 includes the node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R |g1> , the conjugate transpose of the original operator of the node , node all zero state amplitude rotation operator R _0|g1> and the node original operator A |g1> At the last computing node, the t-th node amplitude amplification operator module Q t-1 Including node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R |gt-1> , the conjugate transpose of the original operator of the node , node all zero state amplitude rotation operator R _0|gt-1> and the node original operator A |gt-1> The execution times of the amplitude amplification operator module of each node is calculated according to formula (2-6).

[0059] See also Figure 4 The global operator C module includes a plurality of sequentially connected global amplitude amplification operator Q modules. The global amplitude amplification operator Q includes a global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R f , the conjugate transpose of the first operator , the global zero-state amplitude rotation operator R0 and the first operator , the global amplitude amplification operator Q needs to be executed J+1 times.

[0060] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 , see Figure 1 ,according to Figure 1 In the process shown in step S1, the initial global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator A acting on n global quantum bits. Then, in step S2, the node quantum states of t computing nodes are obtained, and the node target superposition state of each computing node is obtained according to step S3. Then, in step S4, the node operator of each computing node is constructed. In step S5, the first global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator acting on n quantum bits and each node operator. , which includes the global target ground state after local amplitude amplification. Then, in step S6, a global operator C is constructed, and in step S7, a second global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator A acting on n quantum bits, each node operator and the global operator C. , which quantum state is the terminal quantum state of the quantum circuit, and then measurement is performed, and the k basis states in the measurement results are the k global target basis states to be amplified.

[0061] In this embodiment, the amplitude amplification operator adopts a rotation operator, so that the target ground state can be accurately amplified. The accurate amplification means that the quantum state obtained after the amplification process only includes the target ground state to be amplified, and does not include non-target states.

[0062] The implementation of the technical solution of the present invention is described below through a specific application example. In this application example, the number of global quantum bits n=4, which are ordered as q0, q1, q2, and q3. There are two computing nodes, and the number of available quantum bits is two. The two high-order quantum bits are designated as the first computing node, and the two low-order quantum bits are designated as the second computing node.

[0063] First, the initial global quantum state randomly generated by the known primitive operator A is used for the four global quantum bits. , as shown below:

[0064] Among them, the initial global quantum state The amplitudes of each ground state in can be obtained in a variety of ways, for example, by theoretical deduction. Or the probability of each global ground state can be obtained by experimental measurement, and the amplitude modulus is obtained based on the relationship between probability and amplitude, and then the phase information is obtained by interference experiment, so as to obtain the amplitude in complex form. Alternatively, through quantum state tomography technology, after a large number of measurements, the measurement results are statistically analyzed to obtain a density matrix, and the probability amplitude information of the ground state is extracted from the density matrix. Those skilled in the art can choose any method to obtain the ground state amplitude of a quantum state according to their personal application habits.

[0065] Assume that the global target base state is and .

[0066] According to the initial global quantum state Generate a node quantum state for each computing node, wherein the node quantum state of each computing node includes a node base state , , , . The amplitude then needs to be determined for the node ground state of each computation node.

[0067] For the first computing node, its node base state

[0068] The global basis states as local quantum states are:

[0069] Extract the respective amplitudes to obtain a 4-dimensional vector G |00> : G |00> =[0.3159026554590445,0.3253325854727475,0.08801268012789303,0.006286620009135234], Then calculate the vector G based on formula (1-1) |00> Mould length |G |00> |: , and use this as the node base state Amplitude.

[0070] Similarly, the amplitudes of the ground states of the other three nodes are obtained, thus obtaining the node quantum state of the first calculation node for:

[0071] The node target base state is and Node target superposition state for:

[0072] Node quantum state of the second computing node for:

[0073] The node target base state is and Node target superposition state for:

[0074] In this embodiment, an accurate amplitude amplification operator is used, that is, the operators in each module are constructed according to the above expressions (2-1) to (2-6).

[0075] The parameters that need to be calculated in the first and second computing nodes are as follows: , , , .

[0076] Construct the quantum circuit of the first stage, that is, the first operator B module, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 1 is a quantum circuit diagram of a first operator B module constructed according to an application embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 The number in the R operator is the phase angle .

[0077] After executing the first stage of the quantum circuit, the first global quantum state is obtained , as shown below:

[0078] Comparison with the first global quantum state and the initial global quantum state , the global target base state and The amplitude has changed.

[0079] If the first global quantum state The measurement statistics are as follows Figure 7 shown. Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the measurement statistics of the first global quantum state according to an application example of the present invention. Figure 7 It can be seen that the amplitude corresponding to the global ground state composed of two node target ground states is greatly amplified, and the amplitudes of other global ground states are suppressed.

[0080] Then based on the first global quantum state The following parameters are calculated: , , .

[0081] Based on the above parameters, the global operator C is constructed, and then the global operator module is obtained, see Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a block diagram of a quantum circuit according to an application embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 The quantum circuit shown in the figure obtains the second global quantum state at the end of the quantum circuit after evolution. . The second global quantum state at the end of the measurement After the measurement results are counted, the statistical results are as follows Fig. 9 shown. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the measurement statistics of the second global quantum state according to the application embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that there are only two global ground states in the measurement results, namely and , the sum of the probabilities of the two is 1. Therefore, it can be known that this application embodiment achieves accurate amplitude amplification of the target ground state.

[0082] In contrast, if the initial global quantum state Directly perform quantum precision amplitude amplification, the parameters that need to be calculated are: , , .

[0083] See also Fig.10 , Fig.10 This is a quantum circuit diagram constructed based on the existing quantum precision amplitude amplification method. Fig.10 It can be seen that in the existing quantum precision amplitude amplification method, the original operator A needs to be executed 5 times. In contrast, the technical solution of the present invention only needs to be executed 3 times, which is reduced by 2 times, so the number of executions of multi-qubit gates can be avoided. As the number of quantum bits n increases, the application of the present invention can significantly increase the gap, which not only improves the execution efficiency, but also reduces the impact of line noise on accuracy, thereby effectively improving the calculation accuracy.

[0084] See also Fig.11 and Fig.12 , Fig.11 It is a quantum circuit diagram of operators used for rotating all zero-state amplitudes in two node operators in the aforementioned application embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a quantum circuit diagram of the operator used to rotate the amplitude of the target superposition state in the two node operators in the aforementioned application embodiment of the present invention. Quantum circuits and operators used to implement The quantum circuit is the same as that of the previous example, which includes an X gate acting on two node quantum bits, a CPS gate, and an X gate acting on two quantum bits again. The CPS gate uses the highest-order quantum bit as the target bit, and the remaining quantum bits are used as control bits. The number in the CPS gate is the phase angle. It is used to implement the operator Quantum circuits and operators used to implement The quantum circuit is the same as that of the first gate, which includes an X gate, a CPS gate, an X gate, and a CPS gate acting on two quantum bits respectively. Since each computing node in this embodiment has two node target ground states, Fig.12 The first quantum gate combination 100 and the first quantum gate combination 101 are respectively used for amplification processing corresponding to the target ground states of the two nodes.

[0085] Similarly, the quantum gate combination structure of similar operators in the global amplification operator is similar to the quantum gate combination in this embodiment, except that the number of quantum bits is increased.

[0086] for Figure 3 The operator for flipping the amplitude of the all-zero state in and the operator S used to flip the amplitude of the target superposition state f Quantum circuits Fig.11 and Fig.12 The quantum circuit shown is similar to Fig.11 and Fig.12 C {n-1} PS door changed to C {n-1} Z gate.

[0087] Of course, quantum gates or combinations of quantum gates having the same functions as the quantum gates in the aforementioned embodiments may also be used to implement specific quantum circuits. Ordinary technicians in this field may flexibly determine the specific composition of quantum circuits based on application habits and quantum resources.

[0088] The distributed computing concept provided by the present invention is more suitable for quantum computing conditions in the NISQ era, has strong practicality and good versatility, and can be widely used in various quantum computing.

[0089] In another aspect, the present invention also provides an amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing, see Fig.13 , Fig.131 is a principle block diagram of an amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing according to an embodiment of the present invention. The amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing in this embodiment includes a parameter acquisition module 11, a node quantum state construction module 12, a first operator construction module 13, a global operator construction module 14, a quantum circuit construction module 15 and an operation and measurement module 16, wherein the parameter acquisition module 11 is used to obtain the number of global quantum bits n, the number of computing nodes and the number of available quantum bits, and obtain the initial global quantum state based on the original operator acting on n global quantum bits, wherein the initial global quantum state includes 2 n The amplitude is a global ground state of arbitrary complex numbers, and the amplitude normalization condition is satisfied; 2 n The global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified.

[0090] The node quantum state construction module 12 is used to construct a corresponding node quantum state for each computing node according to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, and each node ground state of the node quantum state is a local quantum state of the global ground state; wherein the sum of the number of quantum bits of all computing nodes is the global number of quantum bits n; the node ground state corresponding to the local quantum state of the global target ground state in the node quantum state is determined as the node target ground state of the computing node, and multiple node target ground states constitute a node target superposition state.

[0091] The first operator construction module 13 constructs a corresponding node amplitude amplification operator and its execution times for each computing node based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state to obtain a node operator; the original operator and all node operators constitute the first operator.

[0092] The global operator construction module 14 constructs a global amplitude amplification operator and its execution times with the first global quantum state and the first global target superposition state obtained after executing the first operator to obtain the global operator.

[0093] The quantum circuit constructed by the quantum circuit construction module 15 includes a first operator module and a global operator module connected in sequence, the first operator module includes a sequentially connected original operator module and all node operator modules, and each node operator module includes a plurality of sequentially connected node amplitude amplification operator modules.

[0094] The operation and measurement module 16 is configured to operate the quantum circuit and measure the second global quantum state at the output end of the quantum circuit. The first k basis states in the measurement result sorted from large to small in terms of probability are the global target basis states.

[0095] Among them, when the first operator construction module 13 constructs the node operator, the node amplitude amplification operator constructed includes the node target superposition state amplitude flip operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, the node all-zero state amplitude flip operator and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when the global operator construction module 14 constructs the global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator includes the global target superposition state amplitude flip operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, the global all-zero state amplitude flip operator and the first operator connected in sequence.

[0096] In another embodiment, when the first operator construction module 13 constructs a node operator, the constructed node amplitude amplification operator includes a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, a conjugate transpose of a node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and a node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when the global operator construction module 14 constructs a global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, a conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and the first operator connected in sequence.

[0097] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computing device, see Fig.14 , Fig.14 is a block diagram of the structural principle of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.14 As shown, the computing device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer instructions, and when the processor runs the computer instructions, the amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing provided by the present invention is executed.

[0098] Specifically, the processor 601 may include a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of an embodiment of the present invention. The memory 602 may include a memory for data or instructions. For example, the memory 602 may be at least one of the following: a hard disk drive (HDD), a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a floppy disk drive, a flash memory, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a tape, a universal serial bus (USB) drive, or other physical / tangible memory storage device. For another example, the memory 602 includes a removable or non-removable (or fixed) medium. For another example, the memory 602 may be inside or outside the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. The memory 602 may be a non-volatile solid-state memory. In other words, typically the memory 602 includes a tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage medium (such as a memory device) encoded with executable instructions, wherein when the stored executable instructions are executed by the processor 601 (such as executed by one or more processors), the amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing in the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented.

[0099] In one example, Fig.14 The computing device shown may also include a communication interface 603 and a bus 610. The processor 601, the memory 602, and the communication interface 603 are connected and communicate with each other via the bus 610. The communication interface 603 is mainly used to implement communication between modules, devices, units, and / or devices in the computing device.

[0100] The bus 610 includes hardware, software or both, and can couple the components of the online data traffic billing device to each other. For example, the bus may include at least one of the following: an accelerated graphics port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an enhanced industrial standard architecture (EISA) bus, a front-side bus (FSB), a hypertransport (HT) interconnect, an industrial standard architecture (ISA) bus, an infinite bandwidth interconnect, a low pin count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a microchannel architecture (MCA) bus, a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, a video electronics standard association local (VLB) bus or other suitable bus. The bus 610 may include one or more buses. Although the embodiments of the present invention describe or show a specific bus, the embodiments of the present invention may consider any suitable bus or interconnection method.

[0101] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer program instructions are stored, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the aforementioned amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing is implemented. The computer-readable storage medium is, for example, a classical computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a disk storage medium device, an optical storage medium device, a flash memory device, an electrical, optical or other physical / tangible memory storage device, or a storage medium for storing quantum information and readable by a quantum computer, such as a quantum random access memory (QRAM). QRAM can be regarded as a quantum version of RAM in a classical computer. Through QRAM, a quantum superposition state containing information can be created. Compared with RAM, which needs to be read one by one, superimposed data can be read with superimposed addresses. QRAM can be implemented in physical ways such as optics, semiconductor quantum dots, superconducting circuits, and ion traps.

[0102] The flowchart and / or block diagram of the method and system of the embodiment of the present invention are described above by way of example, and various aspects of the related aspects are described. It should be understood that each box or combination thereof in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions, or by dedicated hardware that performs a specified function or action, or by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in, a function card, etc.; when implemented in software, it is a program or code segment used to perform the required task. The program or code segment can be stored in a memory, or transmitted on a transmission medium or a communication link via a data signal carried in a carrier. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.

[0103] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing, characterized in that: include: Based on the primitive operator acting on n global quantum bits, the initial global quantum state is obtained, where the initial global quantum state includes 2 n The amplitude is a global ground state of arbitrary complex numbers, and the amplitude normalization condition is satisfied, 2 n The global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified; According to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, a corresponding node quantum state is constructed for each computing node, wherein each node ground state corresponding to each computing node is a local quantum state of the global ground state, and the sum of the number of quantum bits of all computing nodes is equal to the number of global quantum bits n; Determine a node basis state corresponding to a local quantum state of a global target basis state in a node quantum state as a node target basis state, and multiple node target basis states of each computing node together constitute a node target superposition state of each computing node; Based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state, a corresponding node amplitude amplification operator is constructed for each computing node, and the number of repeated iterative executions of the node amplitude amplification operator is determined. The node amplitude amplification operator with the repeated iterative execution times constitutes a node operator. Based on the original operator and the node operator acting on the n quantum bits, a first global quantum state is obtained, wherein the first global quantum state includes k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes, and the k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes together constitute a global target superposition state; A global amplitude amplification operator is constructed based on the first global quantum state and the global target superposition state, and the number of repeated iterative executions of the global amplitude amplification operator is determined, and the global amplitude amplification operator with the repeated iterative execution times constitutes a global operator; Based on the original operator, the node operator and the global operator acting on the n quantum bits, a second global quantum state is obtained; The second global quantum state is measured and counted, and the first k basis states in the measurement statistics, which are sorted in descending order according to probability, are determined as the global target basis states to be amplified.

2. The amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, the steps of constructing a corresponding node quantum state for each computing node include: Determine the number of node qubits n of each computing node based on the number of global qubits n, the number of computing nodes, and the number of qubits of each computing node j , where the total number of node quantum bits n j The sum of is the number of global quantum bits n; Assigning each node qubit of each computation node its position in the global qubits; Based on the number of node qubits n of each computing node j Determine the node base state of each computing node, where each computing node has 2 nj node ground states, each node ground state is a local quantum state of the global ground state; For each node basis state of each computing node, according to the position of the node quantum bit in the global quantum bit, the 2 containing the node basis state is determined from the global basis state of the initial global quantum state. n-nj A global ground state; Extract the 2 n-nj The amplitude of the global ground state is obtained to obtain a dimension of 2 n-nj A vector of Calculate the vector modulus and use the vector modulus as the amplitude of the corresponding node ground state, where 2 nj The node ground states with corresponding amplitudes determined constitute the node quantum state of the computing node.

3. The amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The node amplitude amplification operator includes a node target superposition state amplitude flip operator, a conjugate transpose of a node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude flip operator and a node original operator connected in sequence; Correspondingly, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a global target superposition state amplitude flipping operator, a conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude flipping operator and a first operator connected in sequence, wherein the first operator includes the original operator connected in sequence and all node operators.

4. The amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The node amplitude amplification operator includes a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, a conjugate transpose of a node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and a node original operator connected in sequence; Correspondingly, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, a conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and a first operator connected in sequence, wherein the first operator includes the original operator connected in sequence and all the node operators; Correspondingly, the measurement statistics of the second global quantum state include k basis states, which are k global target basis states to be amplified.

5. The amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: When the first global quantum state is the tensor product of the node terminal quantum states obtained after evolution through each computing node, the first global quantum state is measured and counted, and the first k basis states in the measurement statistical results sorted from large to small according to probability are determined as the global target basis states to be amplified.

6. An amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing, characterized in that: The device comprises: A parameter acquisition module is configured to acquire the number of global quantum bits n, the number of computing nodes, and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, and to acquire an initial global quantum state based on the original operator acting on the n global quantum bits, wherein the initial global quantum state includes 2 n The amplitude is a global ground state of arbitrary complex numbers, and the amplitude normalization condition is satisfied, 2 n The global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified; A node quantum state construction module is configured to construct a corresponding node quantum state for each computing node according to an initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes, and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, wherein each node ground state corresponding to each computing node is a local quantum state of a global ground state, the sum of the number of quantum bits of all computing nodes is equal to the number of global quantum bits n, and the node ground state corresponding to the local quantum state of the global target ground state in the node quantum state is determined as the node target ground state, and multiple node target ground states of each computing node together constitute a node target superposition state of each computing node; A first operator construction module is configured to construct a corresponding node amplitude amplification operator for each computing node based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state, and determine the number of repeated iterative executions of the node amplitude amplification operator, the node amplitude amplification operator with the number of repeated iterative executions constitutes a node operator, and the original operators connected in sequence and all the node operators constitute a first operator; A global operator construction module is configured to construct a global amplitude amplification operator based on a first global quantum state and a global target superposition state obtained after the original operator and the node operator acting on n quantum bits, and determine the number of repeated iterative executions of the global amplitude amplification operator. The global amplitude amplification operator with the repeated iterative execution times constitutes a global operator; A quantum circuit construction module, wherein the quantum circuit is configured to include a first operator module and a global operator module connected in sequence, wherein the first operator module includes a sequentially connected original operator module and all node operator modules, each node operator module includes a node amplitude amplification operator module that is repeatedly executed a certain number of times; and the global operator module includes a global amplitude amplification operator module that is repeatedly executed a certain number of times; The operation and measurement module is configured to operate the quantum circuit, measure and count the second global quantum state at the end of the quantum circuit, and determine the first k ground states in the measurement statistics sorted from large to small in terms of probability as the global target ground states to be amplified.

7. The amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the first operator construction module constructs the node amplitude amplification operator, the constructed node amplitude amplification operator includes the node target superposition state amplitude flip operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, the node all-zero state amplitude flip operator and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when the global operator construction module constructs the global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator includes the global target superposition state amplitude flip operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, the global all-zero state amplitude flip operator and the first operator connected in sequence.

8. The amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the first operator construction module constructs the node amplitude amplification operator, the constructed node amplitude amplification operator includes the node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, the node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when the global operator construction module constructs the global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator includes the global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, the global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and the first operator connected in sequence.

9. A computing device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer instructions, characterized in that: When the processor runs the computer instructions, it performs the amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that: When the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is executed.

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