River aquatic habitat condition evaluation method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a river aquatic habitat condition evaluation method and device, and belongs to the field of ecology. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring microhabitat feature information, aquatic organism resource feature information and human activity interference feature information of each river reach of a river; according to the information of each river reach, obtaining a river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, an aquatic organism resource characteristic evaluation value and a human activity interference characteristic evaluation value of each river reach; obtaining a river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value according to the evaluation value of each river reach; and determining a river aquatic habitat condition grade by using the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value and a preset corresponding relation. The device comprises a feature information obtaining module, a river reach evaluation value obtaining module, a river evaluation value obtaining module and a grade determining module. Therefore, the technical scheme is wide in adaptability, can be applied to evaluation of various river aquatic habitat conditions, can diagnose the aquatic habitat situation and existing problems, and provides a scientific basis for river water ecological protection and restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of ecology, and particularly relates to a method and a device for evaluating river aquatic habitat conditions. Background Art

[0002] River aquatic habitats are the basis of the structure and function of river water ecosystems. With the intensification of various human activities, many river aquatic habitats have changed, and the problem of water ecological degradation has gradually become prominent. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out aquatic habitat status evaluation, diagnose the current status and existing problems of aquatic habitats, and provide a scientific basis for river water ecological protection and restoration.

[0003] At present, there is still a lack of corresponding technical methods for evaluating the status of river aquatic habitats. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the status of river aquatic habitats, which comprises:

[0005] The microhabitat characteristic information, aquatic biological resource characteristic information and human activity interference characteristic information of each river section are obtained; the river microhabitat characteristics, aquatic biological resource characteristics and human activity interference characteristics of each river section are correspondingly evaluated according to the microhabitat characteristic information, aquatic biological resource characteristic information and human activity interference information of each river section, and the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and human activity interference characteristic evaluation value of each river section are obtained; the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value is obtained according to the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and human activity interference characteristic evaluation value of each river section; the river aquatic habitat condition grade is determined by using the corresponding relationship between the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value and a preset aquatic habitat condition grade and the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value.

[0006] In the evaluation method as described above, optionally, the microhabitat characteristic information includes: bottom characteristic information, microhabitat complexity information, water flow situation information, river channel hardening and channelization information, river channel meandering information, riverbank stability information, riverbank vegetation coverage information, riverbank vegetation bandwidth information and water environment status information.

[0007] In the evaluation method as described above, optionally, the characteristic information of aquatic biological resources includes: information on the number of fish species, information on the number of spawning grounds of important fish species that lay drifting eggs, and information on the number of rare and endemic fish species.

[0008] In the evaluation method as described above, optionally, the characteristic information of interference by human activities includes: coastal population density information, cultivated land area ratio information and construction land area ratio information.

[0009] In the evaluation method described above, optionally, obtaining the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value according to the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, the aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and the human activity disturbance characteristic evaluation value of each river section comprises:

[0010] Based on the river microhabitat characteristic assessment values, aquatic biological resource characteristic assessment values ​​and human activity disturbance characteristic assessment values ​​of each river section, the aquatic habitat condition assessment value of each river section is obtained; based on the aquatic habitat condition assessment values ​​of each river section, the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value is obtained.

[0011] In the evaluation method described above, optionally, obtaining the aquatic habitat condition evaluation value of each river section according to the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and human activity disturbance characteristic evaluation value of each river section includes:

[0012] It is calculated according to the following formula;

[0013] I i =Q i *0.3+N i *0.5+M i *0.2

[0014] In the formula, I i is the assessment value of the aquatic habitat status of the river section i, Q i is the final score of the microhabitat status assessment of the river section i, N i To investigate the final score of biological resource status assessment of river segment i, M i It is the final score of the assessment of the degree of disturbance caused by human activities on river section i.

[0015] In the evaluation method as described above, optionally, obtaining the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value according to the aquatic habitat condition evaluation value of each river section includes:

[0016] It is calculated according to the following formula;

[0017]

[0018] Where S is the assessment value of river aquatic habitat conditions, i max is the maximum value of the sequence number of each river section in the river, L i is the length of the i-th section of the river.

[0019] On the other hand, a device for evaluating river aquatic habitat conditions is provided, comprising:

[0020] A characteristic information acquisition module is used to acquire the microhabitat characteristic information, aquatic biological resource characteristic information and characteristic information disturbed by human activities of each river section; a river section assessment value acquisition module is used to evaluate the river microhabitat characteristics, aquatic biological resource characteristics and characteristics disturbed by human activities of each river section according to the microhabitat characteristic information, aquatic biological resource characteristic information and the information disturbed by human activities of each river section, and obtain the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and characteristic disturbed by human activities evaluation value of each river section; a river assessment value acquisition module is used to acquire the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value according to the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and characteristic disturbed by human activities evaluation value of each river section; a grade determination module is used to determine the river aquatic habitat condition grade by using the corresponding relationship between the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value and the preset aquatic habitat condition grade and the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value.

[0021] In the evaluation device as described above, optionally, the river evaluation value obtaining module includes:

[0022] The unit for obtaining the assessment value of the aquatic habitat condition of a river section is used to obtain the assessment value of the aquatic habitat condition of each river section based on the assessment value of the river microhabitat characteristics, the assessment value of the aquatic biological resources characteristics and the assessment value of the characteristics of disturbance by human activities of each river section;

[0023] The river aquatic habitat condition assessment value obtaining unit is used to obtain the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value based on the aquatic habitat condition assessment value of each river section.

[0024] In the evaluation device as described above, optionally, the unit for obtaining the river section aquatic habitat condition evaluation value is used to: obtain the evaluation value by calculation according to the following calculation formula;

[0025] I i =Q i *0.3+N i *0.5+M i *0.2

[0026] In the formula, I i is the assessment value of the aquatic habitat status of the river section i, Q i is the final score of the microhabitat status assessment of the river section i, N i To investigate the final score of biological resource status assessment of river segment i, M i It is the final score of the assessment of the degree of disturbance caused by human activities on river section i.

[0027] The beneficial effects brought about by the above technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] By obtaining the microhabitat characteristic information, aquatic biological resource characteristic information and human activity interference characteristic information of each river section; evaluating the river microhabitat characteristics, aquatic biological resource characteristics and human activity interference characteristics of each river section accordingly according to the microhabitat characteristic information, aquatic biological resource characteristic information and human activity interference information of each river section, obtaining the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and human activity interference characteristic evaluation value of each river section; obtaining the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value according to the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and human activity interference characteristic evaluation value of each river section; determining the river aquatic habitat condition grade by using the corresponding relationship between the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value and the preset aquatic habitat condition grade and the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value, the technical solution has a wide adaptability, can be applied to various river aquatic habitat condition evaluations, can diagnose the current status and existing problems of aquatic habitats, and provide a scientific basis for river water ecological protection and restoration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for evaluating river aquatic habitat conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 The distribution of important spawning grounds of drifting-egg fish in the Three Gorges Reservoir provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A population density distribution map along the main and tributary rivers of the Three Gorges Reservoir area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A distribution map of land use types along the main and tributary rivers of the Three Gorges Reservoir area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for evaluating river aquatic habitat conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] The present invention proposes a method for evaluating the status of river aquatic habitats, which can be used to evaluate the status of river aquatic habitats, thereby providing a scientific basis for river water ecological protection and restoration. Figure 1 , the river aquatic habitat status assessment method includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 101: Obtain characteristic information of microhabitats, characteristic information of aquatic biological resources, and characteristic information of disturbance by human activities for each river section.

[0037] Among them, microhabitat characteristic information includes: bottom characteristics, microhabitat complexity, water flow, channel hardening and channelization, river meandering, riverbank stability, riverbank vegetation coverage, riverbank vegetation bandwidth and water environment status. Aquatic biological resource characteristic information includes: fish species, important spawning grounds for drifting eggs and rare and endemic fish species. Human activity interference characteristic information includes: coastal population density, cultivated land area and construction land area.

[0038] The above-mentioned characteristic information can be obtained by collecting and collating historical survey and research data on microhabitat characteristics, aquatic biological resource characteristics, and characteristics of human disturbance, and conducting additional on-site surveys.

[0039] The river is taken as the object to be studied, and the river can be divided into multiple river sections. The river is divided according to the preset shoreline length value, and is numbered in sequence to obtain the sequence number of each river section. The division method can be equal division or unequal division. The preset shoreline length value can be any value in the range of 0.5-1km, such as 0.5km, 1km. The specific size of the shoreline length value is not specifically limited in this embodiment. In other embodiments, it can also be other values. It should be noted that the divided river section can be called a survey unit, or an observation unit. The river in this embodiment can be the entire river, or it can be a certain area section of the river. For example: when the river is the Yangtze River, a certain area section of the river can be the Fuling-Jiangjin River section. The Fuling-Jiangjin River section is taken as the object to be studied, and the Fuling-Jiangjin River section is further divided into multiple survey or observation units.

[0040] Step 102: Correspondingly evaluate river microhabitat characteristics, aquatic biological resource characteristics and human activity disturbance characteristics according to the microhabitat characteristic information, aquatic biological resource characteristic information and human activity disturbance characteristic information of each river section, and obtain the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value of each river section.

[0041] Among them, firstly, the microhabitat characteristics of the river are evaluated according to the microhabitat characteristic information to obtain the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value; the aquatic biological resource characteristics are evaluated according to the aquatic biological resource characteristic information to obtain the aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value; the characteristics disturbed by human activities are evaluated according to the characteristic information of interference by human activities to obtain the characteristic evaluation value of interference by human activities, and then, the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value is obtained according to the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, the aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and the characteristic evaluation value of interference by human activities.

[0042] Specifically, according to the various microhabitat characteristic information obtained from each survey unit, which includes 9 indicators, namely: bottom characteristic information, microhabitat complexity information, water flow situation information, river channel hardening and channelization information, river channel meandering information, river bank stability information, river bank vegetation coverage information, river bank vegetation bandwidth information and water environment status information, the 9 indicators are divided into multiple levels and scored, for example, divided into four levels: excellent, good, medium and poor. For any microhabitat status indicator (or microhabitat characteristic information), the average evaluation score of each survey unit of the river is calculated. On this basis, the average evaluation scores of each microhabitat status indicator are summed up to obtain the total score of the microhabitat status of each section of the river. These total score values ​​are normalized so that the evaluation score of the microhabitat status of the river (Q i ) is between 0 and 1, with the lowest score being 0 and the highest being 1. At this time, the score is the evaluation value of the river microhabitat characteristics.

[0043] The characteristic information of aquatic biological resources obtained from each river section includes three indicators: the number of fish species, the number of rare and endemic fish species, and the number of spawning grounds of important drifting fish. The survey value of each indicator is divided by the maximum value of the indicator surveyed in each river section to obtain the score of the indicator in a certain river section. The evaluation scores of the above three aquatic biological resource characteristic indicators are averaged to obtain the final evaluation score of the aquatic biological resource status of a certain river section (N i ), which is the characteristic assessment value of aquatic biological resources.

[0044] According to the characteristic information of human disturbance obtained from each river section, there are three indicators, namely, population density, proportion of cultivated land area and proportion of construction land. The three indicators are evaluated separately, and the evaluation scores are calculated using the following formula:

[0045]

[0046] In the formula, is the final evaluation score of a certain human activity disturbance evaluation index j for a certain river section i, is the value of index j of a certain river section i, C max is the maximum value of all river section indicators j. j is a positive integer, 1≤j≤3.

[0047] The average scores of the three evaluation indicators of the degree of human disturbance in each river section were taken to obtain the final evaluation score of the degree of human disturbance in each river section during the survey period (M i ), which is the characteristic assessment value of interference by human activities.

[0048] Step 103: Obtain river aquatic habitat condition assessment values ​​based on river microhabitat characteristic assessment values, aquatic biological resource characteristic assessment values, and human activity disturbance characteristic assessment values ​​of each river section.

[0049] Specifically, the aquatic habitat condition assessment value of each river section is obtained based on the river microhabitat characteristic assessment value, aquatic biological resource characteristic assessment value and human activity disturbance characteristic assessment value of each river section. Then, the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value is obtained based on the aquatic habitat condition assessment value of each river section.

[0050] Get the aquatic habitat status assessment value I of each river section i The method may be to take a weighted average of the river microhabitat characteristics, aquatic biological resource characteristics and the assessment values ​​of the disturbance caused by human activities.

[0051] The calculation formula is as follows: i =Q i *0.3+N i *0.5+M i *0.2

[0052] In the formula, Q i is the final score (i.e., evaluation value) of the microhabitat status of the investigated river section i, N i is the final score (i.e., assessment value) of the biological resource status assessment of the investigated river segment i, M i is the final score (i.e., evaluation value) of the degree of human disturbance in river section i. 0.3, 0.5, and 0.2 are the weights of each factor obtained by expert consultation. Theoretically, I i The highest score is 1 point.

[0053] The final score S of the aquatic habitat condition of the target river is calculated using the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] Where S is the final score (i.e., evaluation value) for evaluating the status of river aquatic habitats, i max is the maximum value of the surveyed river section number in the evaluated river, L i To evaluate the length of the i-th section of the river. Theoretically, the maximum expected score of S is 1 point.

[0056] Step 104: Determine the river aquatic habitat condition grade by using the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value and the correspondence between the preset aquatic habitat condition grade and the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value.

[0057] Specifically, based on the 85% quantile of the expected maximum score and the principle of grading, the final score of the river aquatic habitat condition was graded into 5 grades, and the 5 graded areas were defined as Class I (score ≥ 0.85), Class II (score 0.84-0.64), Class III (score 0.63-0.43), Class IV (score 0.42-0.22) and Class V (score 0-0.21) aquatic habitat areas. Class I to Class V areas are respectively areas with "very good", "good", "average", "poor" and "very poor" aquatic habitat conditions.

[0058] Based on the above evaluation results, an aquatic habitat status assessment is conducted to understand the current status and existing problems of the aquatic habitat.

[0059] A method for evaluating the status of river aquatic habitats is proposed, including evaluating the status of microhabitats, evaluating the status of aquatic biological resources, and evaluating the status of disturbance by human activities. The microhabitats, aquatic biological resources, and the status of disturbance by human activities are comprehensively considered to establish the level of aquatic habitat status and its scoring standard; the aquatic habitat status is evaluated according to the level classification and its scoring standard, etc., so that this technical solution has the following advantages over the existing technical solutions for evaluating the status of river aquatic habitats:

[0060] 1) The logical structure of river aquatic habitat assessment is more complete, and the indicators include those characterizing microhabitats, aquatic biological resources, and the status of disturbance by human activities;

[0061] 2) It has wide adaptability and can be used to evaluate the status of aquatic habitats in various rivers. It can diagnose the current status and existing problems of aquatic habitats and provide a scientific basis for the protection and restoration of river water ecology.

[0062] 3) The assessment scope is wider, and aquatic habitats are evaluated at the watershed scale.

[0063] Implementation Cases

[0064] The Institute of Water Engineering Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under the Ministry of Water Resources has carried out an evaluation of the aquatic habitat status of the main stream of the Three Gorges Reservoir according to the methods described in this application. Based on the evaluation results, a habitat protection and restoration plan was compiled, providing a scientific basis for the protection of the water ecology of the Three Gorges Reservoir. The plan includes: 1) Determining the key protection scope of habitat zoning, and class I-II areas with "very good" and "good" habitat quality, including the variable backwater area of ​​the Daning River, the main stream Fuling-Jiangjin section, and the variable backwater areas of the Wujiang River, Jialing River, Wujiang River, Xiaojiang River, Meixi River, and Shennong River, are determined as habitat areas that need priority protection. 2) Specific ecological protection targets for each river section or reach within each important habitat zone were proposed. For example, the habitat quality category I area mainly protects the spawning grounds and migration channels of fish species endemic to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, national protected fish species (Xichang Chinese loach, wide-mouthed smooth-lipped fish, multi-scaled white-armored fish, etc.) and important germplasm fish species, big-eyed mandarin fish, while the main stream Fuling-Jiangjin section in the habitat quality category II area mainly protects the spawning grounds, wintering grounds and migration channels of the four major carps, copper fish, cylindrical goby, carp, Chinese spiny barb, red-eyed trout, long thin loach, Chinese golden sand loach, etc. 3) Habitat protection countermeasures were proposed for each important habitat section. The protection countermeasures for habitat quality Class I areas are to maintain the existing habitat conditions and reduce or avoid possible interference from human activities; the protection measures for each river section or river section in Class II areas are mainly to implement ecological scheduling, water environment protection and management, and micro-habitat restoration, and at the same time, shipping management should be strengthened in some river sections; the protection measures for each river section or river section in Class III areas are mainly to implement ecological scheduling, basic ecological flow guarantee, water environment protection and management, and at the same time, micro-habitat restoration, river connectivity restoration and strengthening of shipping management should be implemented in some rivers.

[0065] According to the technical process method described in this application, the specific process of finally obtaining the evaluation results of the aquatic habitat status in the mainstream Fuling-Jiangjin River section is described as follows:

[0066] Step 1) Data collection and on-site supplementary investigation to obtain basic information

[0067] First, for the Fuling-Jiangjin section of the main stream of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, publicly available or published literature on the microhabitats, aquatic biological resources, and human activity interference in these sections was collected from various literature databases or platforms such as CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, the National Science Data Service Platform, and the Western Data Center. Subsequently, on this basis, a supplementary on-site survey was carried out in the Fuling-Jiangjin section of the main stream in 2020-2021 to understand the microhabitats, aquatic biological resources, and human activity interference in the Fuling-Jiangjin section. In the on-site supplementary survey, the bottom characteristics, microhabitat complexity, water flow conditions, river channel hardening and channelization, riverbank stability, and water environment conditions were investigated through field observation methods; the number of fish species, the number of rare and endemic fish species, and the distribution of important spawning grounds for drifting egg-laying fish were investigated through environmental DNA technology and early fish resource survey methods; through field investigations, the credibility of the results of characterization factors such as population density and land use conditions affected by human activities obtained by remote sensing methods was verified. Finally, by integrating historical documentary materials and supplementary on-site investigation data, the relevant information is obtained as follows.

[0068] In terms of microhabitat characteristics: the overall bottom characteristics are that there are 30% to 50% of the bottom that can be used as a stable habitat, which is suitable for the survival of benthic organisms and fish; the overall complexity of the microhabitat is deep pools and shallows. There are two types of microhabitats; the water flow situation is generally that the water velocity is large (greater than 0.6m / s) and the distribution is uneven, and the channelization degree of the river channel is generally characterized by a small amount of channelization and hardening; the overall degree of river channel winding is that the river channel has obvious bends and the winding river channel is long; the riverbank stability is generally stable, with a small amount of erosion; in terms of riverbank vegetation coverage, the river bank is covered with vegetation of more than 70%, and the width of the riverbank vegetation belt is generally between 12-18 meters. In terms of water environment conditions, the water quality is generally good and relatively clear.

[0069] In terms of aquatic biological resource characteristics: there are 92 fish species, 22 rare and endemic fish species, and 6 important spawning grounds for drifting fish. Figure 2 ).

[0070] In terms of human disturbance: From the population density distribution data extracted from satellite images, the population density is the highest in the Jiangjin-Fuling section ( Figure 3 ), construction land accounts for the highest proportion, and cultivated land also accounts for a certain proportion ( Figure 4 ), indicating that the area around the riverbank is highly developed and utilized, and the aquatic habitat is strongly disturbed by human activities.

[0071] In step 2, based on the information on various microhabitat characteristics obtained from the survey, the bottom characteristics, microhabitat complexity, water flow regime, channel hardening and channelization, channel sinuosity, riverbank stability, riverbank vegetation coverage, riverbank vegetation bandwidth and water environment conditions were divided into four levels: excellent, good, medium and poor, and the corresponding scores were assigned (Table 1), and the scores of the nine microhabitat conditions were obtained. In Table 1, a specific indicator within the same level may have different scores, and the score difference can be determined by the difference between the on-site characteristics of the indicator and the description standard of the indicator. According to the degree of difference, the scores were assigned according to the equidistant deviation method.

[0072] On this basis, the average evaluation scores of the nine aspects of microhabitat condition indicators were summed up to obtain the total score of the river microhabitat condition. These total scores were normalized so that the evaluation score of the river microhabitat condition (Q i ) is between 0 and 1, with the lowest score being 0 and the highest being 1. After normalization, the microhabitat status score of the Fuling-Jiangjin section is 0.65.

[0073] Table 1 Evaluation level and scoring standards of each microhabitat indicator

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] In step 3, the characteristic information of aquatic biological resources obtained from each river section includes the number of fish species, the number of rare and endemic fish species, and the number of spawning grounds of important drifting fish. Subsequently, the survey value of each indicator is divided by the maximum value of the indicator surveyed in each river section to obtain the score of the indicator in a certain river. The evaluation scores of the above three aquatic biological resource characteristic indicators are averaged to obtain the final evaluation score of the aquatic biological resource status in the area (N i ).

[0077] According to the investigation, the characteristic information of aquatic biological resources in the Fuling-Jiangjin section of the river, including the number of fish species, the number of rare and endemic fish species and the distribution number of important spawning grounds of drifting egg-laying fish, are all the highest values ​​among all investigated sections of the main stream. Therefore, its aquatic biological resource status evaluation score is 1.

[0078] In step 4, the three indicators of population density, cultivated land area ratio and construction land ratio are evaluated respectively, and the respective evaluation scores are calculated using the following formula:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, is the final evaluation score of a certain human activity disturbance evaluation index j for a certain river section i, is the value of index j of a certain river section i, C max is the maximum value of all river section indicators j. j is a positive integer, 1≤j≤3.

[0081] The average scores of the three evaluation indicators of the degree of human disturbance in each river section were taken to obtain the final evaluation score of the degree of human disturbance in the river during the survey period (M i ).

[0082] The population density and construction land ratio of the Jiangjin-Fuling section are the highest among all the sections of the main stream in the reservoir area, and its score is zero; the evaluation score of cultivated land ratio is 0.4. Therefore, based on the scores of the three indicators, the human activity interference score of the Jiangjin-Fuling section is 0.13.

[0083] In step 5, the following formula is used to calculate the score of aquatic habitat conditions in each river section (I i ) to calculate:

[0084] I i =Q i *0.3+N i *0.5+M i *0.2

[0085] In the formula, Q i To investigate the final score of the microhabitat status assessment of river segment i, N i To investigate the final score of the biological resource status assessment of river segment i, M i is the final score of the evaluation of the degree of human disturbance in river section i. 0.3, 0.5 and 0.3 are the weights of each factor obtained through expert consultation. i The highest score is 1 point.

[0086] In step 6, the final score S of the aquatic habitat condition of the target river is calculated using the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, S is the final score for evaluating the river aquatic status, i max is the maximum value of the investigated river section number in the evaluated river, L i To evaluate the length of the i-th section of the river. Theoretically, the maximum expected score of S is 1 point.

[0089] In step 7, based on the 85% quantile of the expected maximum score and the principle of grading, the final score of the river aquatic habitat condition was graded into 5 grades, and the 5 graded areas were defined as Class I (score ≥ 0.85), Class II (score 0.84-0.64), Class III (score 0.63-0.43), Class IV (score 0.42-0.22) and Class V (score 0-0.21) aquatic habitat areas. Class I to Class V areas are areas with "very good", "good", "average", "poor" and "very poor" aquatic habitat conditions, respectively.

[0090] According to the above evaluation method, the aquatic habitat status evaluation score of the Fuling-Jiangjin section is 0.721. According to the above grading standards, the aquatic habitat status of the Fuling-Jiangjin section is "good". Then the aquatic habitat status evaluation can be carried out to understand the current status and existing problems of the aquatic habitat.

[0091] See also Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for evaluating the status of a river aquatic habitat, which is used to execute the method for evaluating the status of a river aquatic habitat provided by the above embodiment, and includes: a feature information acquisition module 201, a river section assessment value obtaining module 202, a river assessment value obtaining module 203 and a grade determination module 204.

[0092] Among them, the characteristic information acquisition module 201 is used to obtain the microhabitat characteristic information, aquatic biological resource characteristic information and human activity interference characteristic information of each river section. The river section evaluation value acquisition module 202 is used to evaluate the river microhabitat characteristics, aquatic biological resource characteristics and human activity interference characteristics of each river section according to the microhabitat characteristic information, aquatic biological resource characteristic information and human activity interference information of each river section, and obtain the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and human activity interference characteristic evaluation value of each river section. The river evaluation value acquisition module 203 is used to obtain the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value according to the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and human activity interference characteristic evaluation value of each river section. The level determination module 204 is used to determine the river aquatic habitat condition level by using the corresponding relationship between the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value and the preset aquatic habitat condition level and the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation value.

[0093] Optionally, the microhabitat characteristic information includes: bottom characteristic information, microhabitat complexity information, water flow situation information, river channel hardening and channelization information, river channel meandering information, riverbank stability information, riverbank vegetation coverage information, riverbank vegetation bandwidth information and water environment status information.

[0094] Optionally, the characteristic information of aquatic biological resources includes: information on the number of fish species, information on the number of spawning grounds of important fish species that lay drifting eggs, and information on the number of rare and endemic fish species.

[0095] Optionally, the characteristic information disturbed by human activities includes: coastal population density information, cultivated land area ratio information and construction land area ratio information.

[0096] Optionally, the river assessment value obtaining module includes: a river section aquatic habitat condition assessment value obtaining unit and a river aquatic habitat condition assessment value obtaining unit. The river section aquatic habitat condition assessment value obtaining unit is used to obtain the aquatic habitat condition assessment value of each river section according to the river microhabitat characteristic assessment value, aquatic biological resource characteristic assessment value and human activity disturbance characteristic assessment value of each river section. The river aquatic habitat condition assessment value obtaining unit is used to obtain the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value according to the aquatic habitat condition assessment value of each river section.

[0097] Optionally, the aquatic habitat condition assessment results for the river segment are used to:

[0098] It is calculated according to the following formula;

[0099] I i =Q i *0.3+N i *0.5+M i *0.2

[0100] In the formula, I i is the assessment value of the aquatic habitat status of the river section i, Q i is the final score of the microhabitat status assessment of the river section i, N i To investigate the final score of biological resource status assessment of river segment i, M i It is the final score of the assessment of the degree of disturbance caused by human activities on river section i.

[0101] Optionally, the river aquatic habitat condition assessment values ​​are used to obtain units for:

[0102] It is calculated according to the following formula;

[0103]

[0104] Where S is the assessment value of river aquatic habitat conditions, i max is the maximum value of the sequence number of each river section in the river, L i is the length of the i-th section of the river.

[0105] It should be noted that: the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation device provided in the above embodiment only uses the division of the above functional modules as an example when evaluating the river aquatic habitat condition. In actual applications, the above functional distribution can be completed by different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation device provided in the above embodiment and the river aquatic habitat condition evaluation method embodiment belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0106] It is known from common technical knowledge that the present invention can be implemented by other embodiments that do not deviate from its spirit or essential features. Therefore, the above disclosed embodiments are only illustrative in all respects and are not exclusive. All changes within the scope of the present invention or within the scope equivalent to the present invention are included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the status of river aquatic habitats, characterized in that: The evaluation method includes: Obtain information on microhabitat characteristics, aquatic biological resources characteristics, and human activity disturbance characteristics of each river section; Correspondingly evaluating the river microhabitat characteristics, aquatic biological resource characteristics and human activity interference characteristics of each river section according to the microhabitat characteristic information, the aquatic biological resource characteristic information and the human activity interference information of each river section, and obtaining the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and human activity interference characteristic evaluation value of each river section; Obtain river aquatic habitat status assessment values ​​based on river microhabitat characteristic assessment values, aquatic biological resource characteristic assessment values, and human activity disturbance characteristic assessment values ​​for each river section; The river aquatic habitat condition grade is determined by utilizing the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value and the corresponding relationship between the preset aquatic habitat condition grade and the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value.

2. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microhabitat characteristic information includes: bottom characteristic information, microhabitat complexity information, water flow situation information, river channel hardening and channelization information, river channel meandering information, river bank stability information, river bank vegetation coverage information, river bank vegetation bandwidth information and water environment status information.

3. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristic information of aquatic biological resources includes: information on the number of fish species, information on the number of spawning grounds of important fish species that lay drifting eggs, and information on the number of rare and endemic fish species.

4. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristic information of interference by human activities includes: coastal population density information, cultivated land area ratio information and construction land area ratio information.

5. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation value of the river aquatic habitat condition is obtained according to the evaluation value of the river microhabitat characteristics, the evaluation value of the aquatic biological resources characteristics and the evaluation value of the characteristics of human activities disturbance of each river section, including: The aquatic habitat status assessment value of each river section is obtained based on the river microhabitat characteristic assessment value, aquatic biological resource characteristic assessment value and human activity disturbance characteristic assessment value of each river section; The assessment value of river aquatic habitat condition is obtained based on the assessment value of aquatic habitat condition of each river section.

6. The evaluation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The aquatic habitat condition assessment value of each river section is obtained based on the river microhabitat characteristic assessment value, aquatic biological resource characteristic assessment value and human activity disturbance characteristic assessment value of each river section, including: It is calculated according to the following formula; I i =Q i *0.3+N i *0.5+M i *0.2 In the formula, I i is the assessment value of the aquatic habitat status of the river section i, Q i is the final score of the microhabitat status assessment of the river section i, N i To investigate the final score of biological resource status assessment of river segment i, M i It is the final score of the assessment of the degree of disturbance caused by human activities on river section i.

7. The evaluation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value according to the aquatic habitat condition assessment value of each river section comprises: It is calculated according to the following formula; Where S is the assessment value of river aquatic habitat conditions, i max is the maximum value of the sequence number of each river section in the river, L i is the length of the i-th section of the river.

8. A device for evaluating river aquatic habitat conditions, characterized in that: The evaluation device comprises: The characteristic information acquisition module is used to obtain the characteristic information of microhabitats, characteristic information of aquatic biological resources and characteristic information disturbed by human activities in each river section; A river section evaluation value obtaining module is used to evaluate the river microhabitat characteristics, aquatic biological resource characteristics and human activity interference characteristics of each river section according to the microhabitat characteristic information, the aquatic biological resource characteristic information and the human activity interference situation information of each river section, and obtain the river microhabitat characteristic evaluation value, aquatic biological resource characteristic evaluation value and human activity interference characteristic evaluation value of each river section; The river assessment value acquisition module is used to obtain the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value based on the river microhabitat characteristic assessment value, aquatic biological resource characteristic assessment value and human activity disturbance characteristic assessment value of each river section; The grade determination module is used to determine the river aquatic habitat condition grade by using the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value and the corresponding relationship between the preset aquatic habitat condition grade and the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value.

9. The evaluation device according to claim 8, characterized in that The river assessment modules include: The unit for obtaining the assessment value of the aquatic habitat condition of a river section is used to obtain the assessment value of the aquatic habitat condition of each river section based on the assessment value of the river microhabitat characteristics, the assessment value of the aquatic biological resources characteristics and the assessment value of the characteristics of disturbance by human activities of each river section; The river aquatic habitat condition assessment value obtaining unit is used to obtain the river aquatic habitat condition assessment value based on the aquatic habitat condition assessment value of each river section.

10. The evaluation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The unit of the aquatic habitat condition assessment value of the river section is used for: It is calculated according to the following formula; I i =Q i *0.3+N i *0.5+M i *0.2 In the formula, I i is the assessment value of the aquatic habitat status of the river section i, Q i is the final score of the microhabitat status assessment of the river section i, N i To investigate the final score of biological resource status assessment of river segment i, M i It is the final score of the assessment of the degree of disturbance caused by human activities on river section i.

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