BIM-based intelligent two-dimensional code bridge construction quality and progress management and control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, solves the technical problem that progress or quality data cannot be updated in real time due to difficulty in direct synchronous data feedback between a construction site and a management system, and particularly relates to a BIM-based intelligent two-dimensional code bridge construction quality and progress management and control system. The geometric information, the construction progress and the quality standard of the bridge structure are recorded in detail, and a unique two-dimensional code is generated for each construction node. A constructor obtains real-time node information by scanning the two-dimensional code, updates the construction progress and uploads quality detection data, and analyzes and feeds back the construction data in real time, so that efficient management and control of the construction progress and quality are ensured. The system overcomes the defects in the prior art, has the characteristics of timely information updating, accurate data, automatic management, high traceability and the like, and can remarkably improve the management efficiency and the quality control level of bridge construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, and in particular to a BIM-based smart two-dimensional code bridge construction quality and progress control system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the quality and progress management of bridge construction mainly relies on manual records and on-site inspections, which are inefficient, prone to errors and information lags. Manual records are not only time-consuming and laborious, but also prone to errors in the process of data entry and transmission, affecting construction progress management and quality control. When problems arise, the best time for intervention has often been missed, resulting in reduced project efficiency and potential safety hazards.

[0003] With the application of BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, construction management has been optimized. Through three-dimensional digital modeling, BIM can simulate the structure, construction process and resource allocation of the bridge in detail before construction, providing accurate planning and control for the construction process. BIM technology also has visualization and real-time adjustment functions. Managers can track the progress of construction through BIM models to ensure that the design is consistent with the actual construction.

[0004] However, although BIM can optimize design and planning, it is difficult to directly synchronize feedback with on-site construction data, resulting in the inability to update progress or quality data in real time, seriously reducing the coordination between the construction site and the management system, making it difficult to grasp the project status in real time and to discover and solve problems in a timely manner, reducing the efficiency of construction quality and progress control. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a BIM-based intelligent QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system, which solves the technical problem that it is difficult to directly synchronize data feedback between the construction site and the management system, resulting in the inability to update the progress or quality data in real time.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a BIM-based intelligent QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system, the system comprising:

[0007] The BIM model building module uses BIM modeling tools to build a three-dimensional digital model of the bridge based on the data from the bridge design phase, which records in detail the geometric information of the bridge structure, construction progress and quality standards;

[0008] Smart QR code generation module, which extracts data related to bridge structure and construction process from the BIM model building module, and generates unique QR codes for each structural member, construction stage and material test block of the bridge for information tracking and data recording in site management;

[0009] Concrete test sampling and test block management module, which is used to sample concrete during the concrete pouring process and make material test blocks for subsequent strength testing and quality assessment;

[0010] The data collection module is used to collect real-time construction data from the construction site, update it immediately and synchronize it with the remote management system to achieve control and update of the construction progress;

[0011] A data transmission module, used to transmit the real-time construction data collected by the data collection module to a cloud database;

[0012] The data analysis and progress control module is used to analyze and judge the real-time construction data uploaded by the data transmission module, automatically evaluate whether the construction quality meets the design standards, and monitor the construction progress in real time;

[0013] The data storage and traceability module is used to securely store and classify all data during the construction process.

[0014] Furthermore, the BIM model building module includes a bridge design phase data collection module for acquiring key data for bridge modeling in the design phase, wherein the key data includes geometric design data, material properties and construction procedures of the bridge; and

[0015] An integration and processing module that standardizes, integrates, verifies and outputs key data; a 3D model creation module that uses BIM modeling tools to construct a 3D digital model of the bridge; and a construction process simulation module that annotates each construction step in the 3D digital model and displays the sequence and time nodes of the construction process in accordance with the construction timeline.

[0016] Furthermore, the integration and processing module performs standardized processing, integration, verification and output of key data, and the specific process includes:

[0017] Convert each geometric dimension G in the geometric design data into a standard value G norm ,Right now:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, μ is the mean value of the geometric size parameter, and σ is the standard deviation;

[0020] Verify construction step C i Dependency D i Is there a dependency loop? If yes, go to the next step; otherwise, return to the previous step.

[0021] According to the dependency relationship D i Construction Step C i Sort and determine construction steps C iThe start time t start (C i ) and end time t end (C i ),Right now:

[0022]

[0023] t end (C i ) = t start (C i )+t i

[0024] Among them, t end (C j ) is the end time of the preceding step; C j ∈dependencies(C i ) means C j It is C i A dependency of dependencies(C i ) indicates construction step C i The set of all dependencies of C i All prerequisite tasks that must be completed before execution; i Construction step C i Duration of

[0025] Computational Design of Bridge Components j Need to match the corresponding material M k The matching function between them is:

[0026]

[0027] in, is the design strength grade of the component, σ j is the design specification of the component, is the strength grade of the material, σ k is the material specification, w f and w σ is the weight of intensity and specification, and the superscript norm indicates the converted standard value;

[0028] The integrity of the integrated data is checked using JSON Schema, and the integrated data is output in JSON format for building a three-dimensional digital model.

[0029] Furthermore, the dependency relationship D of the verification construction steps i Whether there is a dependency loop, the specific process is:

[0030] Consider each construction step as a construction node N in the graph i, dependency D i Treat it as a directed edge to construct the graph G construction =(V,E), where V is the set of construction phase nodes and E is the set of dependency edges;

[0031] Calculate each construction node N i The in-degree is calculated as:

[0032]

[0033] Where j∈dependencies(N i ) indicates that j is N i A dependency of i ) represents the construction node N i The set of all dependencies, that is, N i All prerequisite tasks that must be completed before execution;

[0034] Use a queue to process each construction node N with zero in-degree i , if the queue is empty and there are still construction nodes N i If it is not processed, it means there is a dependency loop.

[0035] Furthermore, the intelligent QR code generation includes a data extraction module that extracts data related to the bridge structure and construction process from the BIM model establishment module, a QR code generation module that generates a unique QR code identifier for the construction node, and a QR code data embedding module that embeds data related to the bridge structure and construction process into the unique QR code identifier, and a QR code application module that applies the unique QR code identifier to the construction site.

[0036] Furthermore, the unique QR code identifier of the construction node is expressed as:

[0037] H(Q)=Hash(G,M,P)

[0038] Among them, H(Q) is the unique QR code identifier of the node, G is the geometric information, M is the material property, and P is the progress information;

[0039] The expression for measuring the information content of a unique QR code identifier is:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, S(Q) is the information entropy that measures the amount of information; p i represents the probability distribution of each information field in the QR code; n is the total number of information fields contained in the QR code;

[0042] The feedback information F of the unique QR code identifier is expressed as:

[0043] F(Q)=(G i ,S i ,Q i )

[0044] Among them, G i is the geometric data information, S i For the construction phase, Q i For quality inspection requirements.

[0045] Furthermore, the concrete test sampling and test block management module includes a specimen sampling key information acquisition module for acquiring key information of concrete test block sampling, and a strength detection and test block full life cycle management module that automatically updates the sampling key information of the concrete test block during the strength test and associates it with other construction process information, wherein the sampling key information includes sampling location, production time, and material ratio.

[0046] Furthermore, the data acquisition module includes a field information data acquisition module that obtains node information from a unique QR code identifier on the construction node and updates the construction status, a construction node quality inspection information acquisition and recording module that collects and records construction node quality inspection information, and a construction site environment data acquisition module that collects environmental data of the construction site and the usage of equipment.

[0047] Furthermore, the data analysis and progress control module includes a construction quality analysis and judgment module that performs real-time analysis on construction real-time data and automatically determines whether the construction quality meets the design standards, and a construction quality analysis and judgment module that automatically determines whether the construction quality meets the design standards according to the construction plan in the BIM model. actual and planned progress planned A construction progress monitoring module that conducts comparisons to determine the actual progress of construction nodes, as well as a report generation and decision support module that regularly generates quality reports and progress analysis reports and provides risk warning prompts based on real-time data.

[0048] Furthermore, the determination of whether the construction quality meets the design standards includes:

[0049] Assign a weight w to each feature i , and obtain the comprehensive score Q of different characteristics on the construction quality score , and according to the comprehensive score Q score Determine whether the construction quality meets the design standards and give a comprehensive score Q score The calculation formula is:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, x i is the standardized value of feature i, n is the number of features i, and w iis a weight, satisfying ∑w i =1;

[0052] Compare predicted values ​​y pred Design standards design The difference between the construction quality and the design quality is used to judge whether the construction quality meets the design standards. The predicted value y pred The calculation formula is:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, β0, β i All are regression coefficients;

[0055] The deviation D between the construction quality characteristics and the ideal standard is calculated using the Euclidean distance, namely:

[0056]

[0057] Among them, x i,design is the characteristic value under the design standard;

[0058] The actual progress of the construction node is evaluated by the following formula, namely:

[0059] ΔP=P planned -P actual

[0060] If the ΔP value is positive, it means that the progress is lagging behind. The system will issue an early warning notification and prompt the management personnel to take appropriate remedial measures.

[0061] Through the above technical solution, the present invention provides a BIM-based intelligent QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system, which has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0062] 1. The present invention uses intelligent QR codes to conduct all-round management of quality inspection and progress tracking during bridge construction, which can not only effectively reduce errors in manual recording, but also achieve real-time control of the construction process through automatic data transmission and analysis. It has the advantages of strong real-time information, accurate data, high degree of automation, strong adaptive ability, etc., and can significantly improve the efficiency of bridge construction quality and progress management.

[0063] 2. The present invention not only realizes digitization and real-time information, but also greatly improves the transparency and traceability of data. The seamless connection between the construction site and the management system helps managers to grasp the project status in real time, discover and solve problems in a timely manner, thereby improving the efficiency of construction quality and progress control.

[0064] 3. The present invention realizes intelligent management of each node in the bridge construction process through the combination of QR code and BIM model. By generating QR code corresponding to the construction node, construction personnel can obtain node information in real time, update construction status, and synchronize data to the cloud to ensure real-time monitoring and management of construction quality and progress.

[0065] 4. The present invention generates a unique identifier for each construction node or concrete test block. Construction personnel only need to scan the QR code to automatically obtain relevant information and upload the progress or quality data to the system in real time, reducing errors in manual entry. The application of QR codes in concrete sampling management is particularly critical. The sampling location, production time and other information of the test block can be automatically recorded and traced through the QR code.

[0066] 5. The present invention can analyze and judge the real-time construction data uploaded to the cloud from the construction site, automatically evaluate whether the construction quality meets the design standards, and monitor the construction progress in real time to ensure that the project can proceed as planned, thereby greatly improving the control of construction quality and progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0068] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the smart QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 Establish a schematic diagram for the BIM model of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of generating a smart QR code in the present invention;

[0071] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of concrete test sampling and test block management in the present invention;

[0072] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of data storage and tracing in the present invention;

[0073] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional parameters of the box girder entities A and B in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods, so that the implementation process of how the present application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

[0075] In the existing technology, although BIM can optimize design and planning, it is difficult to directly synchronize feedback with the on-site construction data, resulting in the inability to update the progress or quality data in real time. In order to make up for this deficiency, the introduction of smart QR code technology provides a new solution. The QR code can generate a unique identifier for each construction node or concrete test block. Construction personnel only need to scan the QR code to automatically obtain relevant information and upload the progress or quality data to the system in real time, reducing errors in manual entry. The application of QR codes in concrete sampling management is particularly critical. The sampling location, production time and other information of the test block can be automatically recorded and traced through the QR code.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 6 , this embodiment proposes a BIM-based smart QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system, which can collect, track and analyze construction data in real time during the bridge construction process. At the same time, combined with BIM and QR code technology, construction management not only realizes digitization and real-time information, but also greatly improves the transparency and traceability of data. The seamless connection between the construction site and the management system helps managers to grasp the project status in real time, discover and solve problems in a timely manner, thereby improving the efficiency of construction quality and progress control. The system consists of a BIM model building module, a smart QR code generation module, a concrete test sampling and test block management module, a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data analysis and progress control module, and a data storage and traceability module.

[0077] In the early stage of construction, BIM technology is used for comprehensive modeling, covering every structural detail, construction process and resource allocation of the bridge, and integrating this data into a visual digital model. Through the BIM model, not only can the design and construction process of the bridge be displayed in detail, but also progress tracking, quality management and information synchronization with the construction site can be carried out during the construction process. The BIM model building module uses BIM modeling tools to build a three-dimensional digital model of the bridge based on the data of the bridge design stage, which records in detail the geometric information of the bridge structure, construction progress and quality standards;

[0078] like Figure 1As shown, the BIM model establishment mentioned above includes: data collection in the bridge design phase, integration and processing of key data, creation of a three-dimensional model, and simulation of the construction process. Specifically, the BIM model establishment module includes a bridge design phase data collection module for obtaining key data for bridge modeling in the design phase, where the key data includes the geometric design data, material properties, and construction process of the bridge; and an integration and processing module for standardizing, integrating, verifying, and outputting key data; a three-dimensional model creation module for using BIM modeling tools to construct a three-dimensional digital model of the bridge, and a construction process simulation module for marking each construction step in the three-dimensional digital model and displaying the sequence and time nodes of the construction process in the order of the construction timeline.

[0079] Specifically, the data collection module in the bridge design phase obtains the geometric design data of the bridge, such as specific size, shape, span, curvature, etc., to ensure that the model is consistent with the spatial layout and form of the actual bridge. Secondly, the material properties of bridge components are crucial, including the strength grade of reinforced concrete, the specifications of steel structures, etc., to ensure that different materials are correctly reflected in the BIM model and provide guarantees for accurate application in construction. At the same time, detailed planning of the construction process must also be included in the collection scope, including the steps and sequence of each stage from foundation construction, pile foundation pouring to main beam hoisting, so that the model can intuitively display the construction progress. By integrating this data, the BIM model forms an accurate digital model of the bridge, providing a reliable basis for construction and management.

[0080] During the bridge modeling data integration process, key data is standardized, integrated, verified and output to ensure that data is seamlessly combined from multiple sources and generated into a data format suitable for BIM modeling.

[0081] in:

[0082] Data Standardization

[0083] For the geometric dimensions G in the geometric design data, these parameters can be standardized to a unified scale. For example, each geometric dimension parameter can be converted to a standard value through min-max scaling to ensure that they are in the same numerical range, which is convenient for subsequent calculations and comparisons. Mathematical expression:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, μ is the mean of the geometric size parameters and σ is the standard deviation.

[0086] Dependencies of construction steps D iIt is necessary to verify whether a DAG is formed. Use a topological sorting algorithm to verify whether there is a dependency cycle. The existence of a dependency cycle indicates that there is a dependency relationship between the construction steps. i , thus ensuring the logic of the construction process. Each construction step is regarded as a construction node N in the graph. i , dependency D i As directed edges. Construct graph G construction =(V,E), where V is the set of construction stage nodes and E is the set of dependency edges.

[0087] Calculate each construction node N i The incoming degree is calculated as:

[0088]

[0089] Where j∈dependencies(N i ) indicates that j is N i A dependency of i ) represents the construction node N i The set of all dependencies, that is, N i All prerequisite tasks that must be completed before execution.

[0090] Use a queue to process each construction node N with zero in-degree i , if the queue is empty and there are still construction nodes N i If it is not processed, it means there is a dependency loop.

[0091] Data Integration

[0092] During the design phase, each designed bridge component C j Need to match the corresponding material M k The matching can be done by calculating the matching degree between the design bridge component requirements and the material properties. Assume that the bridge component C j The design requirement is Material M k The characteristics are in, is the design strength grade of the component, σ j is the design specification of the component, is the strength grade of the material, σ k is the specification of the material.

[0093] Matching function match(C j ,M k ) can be defined as the weighted absolute difference, then the bridge component C j The matching function is:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, w f and w σ are the weights of strength and specification, reflecting their importance in matching, and the superscript norm indicates the converted standard value.

[0096] For construction steps, they need to be ordered correctly according to dependencies. Assume construction step C i The duration is t i , and the dependency D i Affects the start time. Each construction step C can be determined by dynamic programming or greedy algorithm i The start and end time of the

[0097] For each construction step C i , whose start time is t start (C i ) is determined by the preceding steps it depends on, namely:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, t end (C j ) is the end time of the preceding step; C j ∈dependencies(C i ) means C j It is C i A dependency of dependencies(C i ) indicates construction step C i The set of all dependencies of C i All prerequisite tasks that must be completed before execution; i Construction step C i duration.

[0100] End time t end (C i ) is calculated as:

[0101] t end (C i ) = t start (C i )+t i

[0102] Data validation and output

[0103] Check data integrity before exporting to ensure that all required fields are filled and in the correct format. Use JSONSchema to automatically validate the structure to ensure that each design, material, and construction data field has the correct data type and non-null value. Check whether the dependencies of the construction steps are complete and whether the dependencies of all steps can be found in the previous steps. Export the integrated data in JSON format for subsequent modeling.

[0104] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment uses BIM modeling tools (such as Revit, Tekla) to build a three-dimensional digital model of the bridge, which is the core link of the entire bridge construction. Based on the design data collected in the early stage, all structural components of the bridge, such as piers, beams, bridge decks, bridge supports, etc., will be accurately digitally expressed in the BIM model.

[0105] First, the geometric information of each bridge component, such as geometric size and position, needs to be accurately modeled through formulas. For example, the geometric center point C (x, y, z) of the bridge can be determined in three-dimensional space by the coordinate expression, namely:

[0106]

[0107] Where (x start ,y start ,z start ) and (x end ,y end ,z end ) are the starting and ending coordinates of the component, ensuring the accurate positioning of the bridge component in space.

[0108] Secondly, the BIM model can dynamically adjust the size and material properties of each bridge component through parametric modeling. For example, the cross-sectional area A of the beam can be calculated using the following formula:

[0109] A=b×h

[0110] Where b is the width of the beam and h is the height. These parameters can be directly input into the BIM model to automatically generate the geometry of the beam.

[0111] In terms of material properties, the material strength (f) of the beam can also be set through the BIM model and is consistent with the actual material. For reinforced concrete, the material properties can be defined as the strength grade of the concrete (f c ) and the strength of the steel bars (f y ),Right now:

[0112]

[0113] Where P is the load and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the concrete.

[0114] In addition, the BIM model should also take into account the relative positions of the various components and their connection methods. The connection method between components can be expressed by constraints. For example, the constraint between the support and the beam can be expressed as:

[0115] F total =F support +F beam

[0116] Among them, F support is the support constraint force, F beam is the beam restraint force.

[0117] Make sure each component is consistent in force analysis and geometric construction to ensure that there will be no structural problems during construction.

[0118] In addition, when creating a 3D model, the deformation and force analysis of the components must also be considered. The deformation δ of the beam under its own weight and external load can be calculated using the elastic mechanics formula:

[0119]

[0120] Where P is the load, L is the span of the beam, E is the elastic modulus of the material, and I is the area moment of inertia of the beam.

[0121] By using these formulas, the BIM model can not only display the geometric characteristics of the bridge, but also simulate and verify the stress conditions of the bridge under different loads and working conditions. In the BIM modeling process, the detailed information of each component is accurately input to ensure the consistency of geometric dimensions, material properties and mechanical properties, so that the model can truly reflect the design requirements of the construction site and provide reliable technical support during the construction process.

[0122] Furthermore, in the process of creating a three-dimensional model, this embodiment takes a variable-section box girder as an example to introduce how to implement parametric modeling of a box girder. Figure 6 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0123] Step S1: Select a suitable family template. Analyze the box beam component and use the metric structural frame-beam.r family template to perform parametric modeling of the beam family. The beam template provides two parameters for the family: the start elevation offset and the end elevation offset. These two parameters can be used to easily control the longitudinal elevation change; the beam cross section rotation angle parameter can control the rotation angle of the box beam in the transverse direction, which can effectively control the cross slope of the bridge.

[0124] Step S2: Parametric design of variable-section box girders. The uniform-section box girder is the simplest form of box girder. It only needs to parametrically design one section of the box girder and then apply the stretch command to model it. The variable section is modeled using the fusion command. The fusion command requires parametric design of two sections of the box girder (section A and section B). The fusion command can only design one ring at a time for one section. The parametric design of the variable-section box girder is mainly achieved through the interactive use of dimensional constraints and geometric constraints. After the section design is completed, the design parameters and family parameters are bound. The hollow part of the box girder is parametrically designed using the hollow fusion command. The principle is the same as that of the solid fusion, and the parameters of the two sections need to be preset. After the hollow body is constructed, the solid part is usually automatically cut off; if it is not automatically cut off, it can be manually operated through the "cut geometry" function of Revit, and the hollow body and the solid to be cut can be selected in turn.

[0125] Step S3: Family parameter configuration and optimization. Use shared parameters to add family parameters to the box girder. These parameters are stored in a .txt file as identifiable fields in the detail table for easy management and statistics. After completing the parameter setting, it is necessary to debug it to verify whether it can drive model changes. If the parameter effectively drives the model, the setting is successful; otherwise, it is necessary to go back to the section design parameters for reset. Subsequently, configure and set the material parameters to finally generate a fully functional parametric box girder model.

[0126] Among them, the box girder family parameters mainly include: material and decoration, dimension marking (top plate width, top plate thickness A, bottom plate thickness A, web thickness A, bottom plate width A, box girder height A, top plate thickness B, bottom plate thickness B, web thickness B, bottom plate width B, box girder height B), others (upper haunch b×h(b), upper haunch b×h(h), lower haunch b×h(b), lower haunch b×h(h), flange root thickness, flange end thickness).

[0127] For the construction process simulation module, each construction step will be marked in detail in the BIM model, such as foundation construction, concrete pouring, steel structure installation and bridge deck laying. Each step is presented in the model according to the construction timeline sequence, ensuring that the construction team can clearly understand the sequence and time nodes of the process. This refined marking allows managers to track the progress of the project at any time and avoid delays caused by improper process arrangement.

[0128] 4D modeling combines time factors with 3D models to create a dynamic platform for displaying the construction process. In the BIM model, you can not only see the geometric shape of the bridge, but also dynamically view the time progress and future steps of each construction stage. This visual progress tracking can help project managers monitor the construction progress in real time and ensure that the project is completed on time. In addition, 4D modeling can also allow the construction team to plan the next construction task in advance and reasonably dispatch resources, thereby effectively avoiding delays in the construction period.

[0129] During the construction process, different processes may conflict in time and space, for example, if a process needs to be constructed at the same location or time. The conflict detection function of the BIM model can automatically identify these potential problems and issue an alert in advance by analyzing the timetable and geometric layout of each construction step, allowing managers to adjust the process schedule to avoid conflicts.

[0130] The smart QR code generation module extracts data related to the bridge structure and construction process from the BIM model building module, and generates a unique QR code for each structural member, construction stage and material test block of the bridge, which is used for information tracking and data recording in site management; The smart QR code generation module is a key part of the system. It is responsible for generating a unique QR code for each structural member, construction stage and material test block of the bridge, which is used for information tracking and data recording in site management. This module is not only associated with the BIM model, but also can combine multi-dimensional information such as construction progress and quality requirements to achieve accurate management of the construction process. Figure 3 As shown, the above-mentioned smart QR code generation includes: a data extraction module that extracts data related to the bridge structure and construction process from the BIM model building module, a QR code generation module that generates a unique QR code identifier for the construction node, and a QR code data embedding module that embeds data related to the bridge structure and construction process into the unique QR code identifier, and a QR code application module that applies the unique QR code identifier to the construction site.

[0131] Specifically, the smart QR code generation module first extracts data related to the bridge structure and construction process from the BIM model. The geometric information, material, location, construction stage, and quality inspection requirements of each bridge component will be included in the QR code. This data can be identified by the unique ID of the bridge component. For example, the geometric data G of a bridge structure component i It is expressed as:

[0132] G i =(L i ,W i ,H i )

[0133] Among them, L i , W i , H iThey represent the length, width and height of the component respectively. By accurately extracting these data, the information contained in the QR code is ensured to be accurate.

[0134] Generate a unique QR code identifier. Each QR code must be unique to ensure that the information of the construction node can be uniquely identified. To this end, the system uses a hash algorithm to encode the relevant information of each node (such as geometric data, material properties, construction progress, etc.) into a unique string. Assuming that the geometric information of a construction node is G, the material information is M, and the construction progress is P, the hash value H(Q) of the QR code can be expressed as:

[0135] H(Q)=Hash(G,M,P)

[0136] Among them, H(Q) is the unique QR code identifier of the node, G is the geometric information, M is the material property, and P is the progress information. The unique identifier generated by the hash function ensures that each QR code is unique.

[0137] QR code data embedding. After the QR code is generated, the system embeds the extracted geometric data, material properties, construction stages and quality requirements into the QR code. The amount of information in the QR code can be measured by the information entropy formula to ensure that the QR code contains enough key information. The formula for information entropy S(Q) is as follows:

[0138]

[0139] Among them, p i represents the probability distribution of each information field in the QR code, and n is the total number of information fields contained in the QR code. By calculating the information entropy, it can be ensured that the construction information contained in the QR code is rich enough, such as geometric data, material properties, construction progress, etc.

[0140] Step S2-4: Application of QR code at construction site. At the construction site, construction workers can scan the QR code through a mobile terminal (such as a smartphone or tablet) to obtain detailed information of the construction node. Through the digital management of the QR code, construction workers can quickly view the geometric dimensions, construction progress and quality requirements of the node, reducing the time of manual query and improving efficiency.

[0141] Assume that the information obtained by the construction worker after scanning the unique QR code identifier includes geometric data G i , Construction Phase i ,Quality inspection requirementsQ i , then the feedback information F of the unique QR code identifier can be expressed as:

[0142] F(Q)=(G i ,S i ,Q i )

[0143] Among them, G i is the geometric information, S i For the construction phase, Q i By scanning the QR code, construction personnel can obtain and update the construction status of the node in real time and upload the new progress information to the system to ensure the real-time construction management and data accuracy.

[0144] The concrete test sampling and test block management module is used to sample concrete during the concrete pouring process and make material test blocks for subsequent strength testing and quality assessment. During the concrete pouring process, the construction team samples concrete according to design requirements and specifications and makes test blocks for subsequent strength testing and quality assessment. Each test block needs to be accompanied by a unique identification to ensure that it can be quickly and accurately identified and tracked during subsequent testing and management. Figure 4 As shown, the concrete test sampling and test block management module includes a test piece sampling key information acquisition module for obtaining the sampling position, production time, and material ratio information of the concrete test block, and a strength detection and test block full life cycle management module that automatically updates the sampling key information of the concrete test block during the strength test and associates it with other construction process information. The sampling key information includes the sampling position, production time, and material ratio.

[0145] The system generates a unique QR code for each concrete test block, which contains key sampling information such as sampling location, production time, material ratio, etc.

[0146] Sampling location: The QR code records the sampling location of the concrete test block to ensure that the concrete test block corresponds to the specific physical location of the construction site, which is convenient for subsequent tracking and quality analysis. For example, a concrete test block comes from a specific support section of a bridge, and the QR code can accurately identify its sampling point.

[0147] Production time: The QR code contains the time information of the concrete test block production, ensuring that the strength test can be carried out strictly according to the age (such as 7 days, 28 days, etc.), ensuring the scientificity and accuracy of the test results. The test time of the concrete test block is directly related to the production time, which is convenient for calculating the actual age of the concrete test block.

[0148] Material Proportion: The QR code records key information such as the concrete material proportion, aggregate, cement grade, etc. used in the concrete test block. This information ensures that the material properties of the concrete test block are consistent with the materials used in actual construction, providing reliable data support for quality assessment.

[0149] Strength testing and test block full life cycle management. During the strength test of the concrete test block, the construction personnel only need to scan the QR code on the test block, and the system can automatically retrieve the historical data of the test block, including sampling location, production time, material ratio and other detailed information. This method not only improves the efficiency of the test process, but also avoids the data errors that may be caused by manual recording, ensuring the accuracy of the test. After the test is completed, the strength test results will be automatically recorded in the electronic file of the concrete test block, forming a complete concrete test block test record.

[0150] In the strength test, it is assumed that the actual strength of the concrete specimen is f test , the design standard strength is f design , then eligibility can be measured by the following formula:

[0151]

[0152] When R ≥ 100%, it means that the strength of the concrete test block meets the design requirements. The test data will be automatically stored in the system together with other information of the test block (such as sampling location, material properties, construction stage, etc.), providing complete data support for subsequent quality assessment and traceability.

[0153] Through QR code management, concrete test blocks have achieved full life cycle management from sampling to testing. The system will automatically update the status of the concrete test blocks at each stage (such as sampling, production, and testing) and associate it with other construction process information. This full life cycle management method ensures that the quality of each concrete test block does not depend on the results of a single strength test, but rather fully guarantees the construction quality through continuous tracking and monitoring of the entire process. Construction management personnel can view the status and historical information of each concrete test block at any time to ensure the comprehensiveness, transparency, and reliability of concrete test block management.

[0154] like Figure 5 As shown, the data acquisition and transmission module is the core bridge between the system and the construction site. It is responsible for collecting real-time data from the construction site and transmitting it efficiently and securely to the cloud database for subsequent management, analysis, and decision-making. Through this module, all key information on the construction site can be updated in real time and synchronized with the remote management system to ensure the real-time and accuracy of construction progress and quality monitoring. Specifically, the data acquisition module is used to collect real-time construction data from the construction site, update it in real time and synchronize it with the remote management system to ensure the real-time and accuracy of construction progress and quality monitoring;

[0155] The data collection module includes a field information data collection module that obtains node information from the unique QR code identifier on the construction node and updates the construction status, a construction node quality inspection information collection and recording module that collects and records construction node quality inspection information, and a construction site environment data collection module that collects construction site environment data and equipment usage, as follows:

[0156] The on-site information data collection module collects various types of data from each construction node on site by scanning a QR code. Construction workers can use smartphones, tablets, or dedicated industrial terminals to scan the QR code on the construction node to quickly obtain node information and update the construction status. The QR code contains specific information about the construction node, such as location, current process, completion status, etc.

[0157] Whenever a construction worker scans the QR code on a node, the module automatically obtains construction progress information and records the status of each construction node. The construction progress P(t) is the key data and is defined as:

[0158]

[0159] Among them, W completed Indicates the amount of work completed, W total is the total amount of construction tasks, and P(t) represents the percentage of construction progress at time t.

[0160] The module for collecting and recording quality inspection information of construction nodes also collects and records quality inspection information of construction nodes, such as concrete pouring quality, steel bar installation accuracy, etc. For the inspection results of concrete test blocks, the system will automatically collect the strength test value f test And with the design standard strength f design For comparison, the formula is:

[0161]

[0162] When S≥1, it indicates that the test block meets the design strength requirements.

[0163] The construction site environmental data collection module can automatically collect environmental data (such as temperature, humidity) and equipment usage at the construction site. For example, the ambient temperature T collected by the sensor ambient , the optimum temperature for concrete curing is T optimal , to ensure that the temperature of the concrete curing environment is in the optimal range, namely:

[0164] T optimal -T ambient ≤ΔT

[0165] ΔT is the allowable temperature difference range. Exceeding this range may affect the construction quality.

[0166] The data transmission module is used to transmit the real-time construction data collected by the data collection module to the cloud database; once the data is collected, the data transmission module is responsible for quickly and securely transmitting the information to the cloud database. This module uses advanced compression algorithms and data encryption technology to ensure that data can be transmitted smoothly even at construction sites with poor network conditions. The above-mentioned data transmission modules include: data compression, data encryption, data synchronization and decision support.

[0167] Data compression. Due to the large amount of construction data, especially image and video files, the system compresses the data before uploading. Assuming the data packet size is D raw , the compressed size is D compressed , the compression ratio R is expressed as:

[0168]

[0169] Through data compression, the transmission time T is reduced and can be expressed by the following formula:

[0170]

[0171] Where B is the network bandwidth. Compression algorithms ensure that data can be transmitted quickly, keeping transmission time short even at lower bandwidths.

[0172] Data encryption. To ensure data security, encryption technology is used in the transmission process. The encryption algorithm E(k,D) uses the key k to encrypt the data D to ensure that the data is not intercepted or tampered with during the transmission process:

[0173] C=E(k,D)

[0174] Among them, C is the encrypted data, which is decrypted and restored in the cloud to ensure the security of data transmission.

[0175] Data synchronization and decision support. After all data is uploaded to the cloud, managers can view the construction progress through the system interface. Data such as construction progress P(t) and quality results Q(t) will be continuously updated on the timeline. Data synchronization can be described by the following expression:

[0176]

[0177] Among them, D sync (t) is the total amount of data synchronized by the system at time t.

[0178] Real-time data transmission provides managers with a wealth of decision support tools to make decisions on adjusting construction plans based on real-time data, avoiding construction delays or quality issues caused by information lags. Through these real-time data analyses, managers can more accurately predict project progress and potential risks.

[0179] The data analysis and progress control module is used to analyze and judge the real-time construction data uploaded by the data transmission module, automatically evaluate whether the construction quality meets the design standards, and monitor the construction progress in real time to ensure that the project can proceed as planned; the data analysis and progress control module is the core decision-making unit of the entire system, and is mainly responsible for analyzing and judging the real-time construction data uploaded to the cloud from the construction site. Through this module, the control of construction quality and progress has been greatly improved. This module combines the planning information in the BIM model with big data analysis and artificial intelligence technology, and can automatically evaluate whether the construction quality meets the design standards, and monitor the construction progress in real time to ensure that the project can proceed as planned.

[0180] The data analysis and progress control module includes a construction quality analysis and judgment module that analyzes the real-time construction data in real time and automatically determines whether the construction quality meets the design standards, as well as a construction quality analysis and judgment module that automatically analyzes the actual construction progress P according to the construction plan in the BIM model. actual and planned progress planned A construction progress monitoring module that conducts comparisons to determine the actual progress of construction nodes, as well as a report generation and decision support module that regularly generates quality reports and progress analysis reports and provides risk warning prompts based on real-time data.

[0181] Specifically, the construction quality analysis and judgment module can analyze the real-time construction data uploaded to the cloud in real time, and automatically judge whether the construction quality meets the design standards. The comprehensive scoring, regression model prediction and deviation method can be used to achieve analysis and judgment, specifically:

[0182] Different features have different effects on construction quality, and each feature is assigned a weight w i , and the comprehensive score is:

[0183]

[0184] Among them, x i is the standardized value of feature i, n is the number of features i, and w i is a weight, satisfying ∑w i =1. If Q score If the set threshold is exceeded, the quality is qualified.

[0185] Use a regression model to predict whether the construction quality meets the design standard. Assume that the design standard is y design , the eigenvector Q is used as the independent variable, then the regression model is:

[0186]

[0187] Among them, β0, β i are regression coefficients obtained by least squares fitting. Compare the predicted values ​​y pred Design standards design If the predicted value is greater than the design standard value, the quality is considered to meet the standard.

[0188] The deviation of construction quality characteristics from the ideal standard is calculated using the Euclidean distance, i.e.:

[0189]

[0190] Among them, x i,design It is the characteristic value under the design standard. If D is less than a certain threshold, the quality is considered to meet the standard.

[0191] The thresholds involved in this embodiment need to be determined through repeated experiments according to actual construction conditions and design standards. In this embodiment, no limitation is made and thus no detailed description is given.

[0192] In terms of progress monitoring, the actual construction progress can be monitored based on the construction plan in the BIM model. actual and planned progress planned The actual progress of the construction node can be evaluated by the following formula:

[0193] ΔP=P planned -P actual

[0194] If the ΔP value is positive, it means that the progress is lagging behind, and the system will issue an early warning notification and prompt the management personnel to take appropriate remedial measures. For example, if it is found that a process of a certain node is not completed on time, the system will analyze the reasons for the delay (such as equipment failure, untimely material supply, etc.) and predict its impact on the subsequent construction period through the data model.

[0195] Report generation and decision support, through automated analysis processes, regularly generate quality reports and progress analysis reports, and provide risk warning prompts based on real-time data. These reports not only help managers to keep abreast of construction dynamics, but also provide clear directions for solving potential problems. The quality report includes the evaluation results of construction quality, the analysis of the pass rate, and the cause analysis of nodes with abnormal quality. The system automatically determines whether the quality meets the design standards based on the inspection data of each construction node, and marks unqualified nodes when problems occur.

[0196] At the same time, the progress analysis report lists the actual progress of each construction node in detail, and compares it with the planned progress to help managers evaluate the overall progress of the construction and potential risks in the construction period. In addition, the system automatically predicts the future progress of the project through big data analysis, generates a progress forecast report for the entire project, and provides managers with a scientific basis for construction period evaluation.

[0197] When the system detects that the construction quality is not up to standard or the progress is seriously behind schedule, it will immediately generate an abnormal report and send a risk warning to relevant managers via email or mobile terminals. The warning content not only includes the location and cause of the problem node, but also analyzes the impact that the problem may have on the overall progress and quality of the project. Based on these detailed reports, managers can take timely remedial measures, adjust construction plans, increase the frequency of inspections, or dispatch more resources to handle problem nodes to ensure the smooth progress of the project.

[0198] At the same time, the data analysis module provides strong support for construction decision-making. Managers can adjust the construction process in real time based on progress reports, optimize resource allocation, and ensure that key nodes are completed as planned. When the system detects unqualified quality, managers can increase the inspection frequency or adjust the construction method through system feedback to ensure that the problem is handled in a timely manner. Data analysis can also identify the construction efficiency of different nodes, put forward suggestions for optimizing the use of construction personnel, equipment and materials, and further improve the utilization of construction resources.

[0199] The data storage and traceability module is used to securely store and classify all data during the construction process; this module is a key component of the entire construction management system and is responsible for securely storing and classifying all data during the construction process. This module not only ensures the real-time preservation and traceability of data during construction, but also provides an important basis for subsequent quality review, acceptance and project maintenance. Through long-term preservation and precise classified storage, managers can easily trace back to any stage of the construction to ensure that construction quality issues can be quickly located and properly handled. Figure 5 As shown, the data storage and traceability module includes a data storage and classification management module, a data storage technical mechanism establishment module, and a data analysis and visualization module.

[0200] Specifically, the data storage and classification management module stores various types of collected construction data (such as construction progress, quality inspection results, test results of concrete test blocks, etc.) in a structured manner. All data will be classified and managed according to time sequence and construction nodes to form a complete digital archive. These archives can be stored and managed based on the following three dimensions:

[0201] Time dimension: The system classifies and stores data according to the construction date. For example, a construction node N iThe data at time t is recorded as D(N i ,t). Through time dimension storage, managers can quickly view the construction status and quality inspection results at any time point.

[0202] Construction node dimension: Each construction node N i Each node has a corresponding record sheet, which contains detailed construction progress, material usage, quality inspection data and other information. i ) indicated that the construction data of each node is continuously updated and saved to facilitate subsequent tracing.

[0203] Data type dimension: The module classifies information according to data type, such as construction progress, concrete strength testing, environmental monitoring, etc. For example, construction progress data P(N i ,t) represents the construction node N at time t i Progress of quality data Q(N i ,t) represents the construction node N i Quality inspection results at time t.

[0204] These multi-dimensional storage mechanisms ensure that data is organized and can be quickly retrieved when needed.

[0205] The technical mechanism for data storage is established. To ensure the long-term preservation and retrieval efficiency of large-scale data, the data storage module adopts efficient database management technology. Common storage technologies include relational databases (such as MySQL, PostgreSQL) and NoSQL databases (such as MongoDB). These technologies can meet the efficient storage needs of different data types.

[0206] Time Series Database: Since construction data has temporal continuity, Time Series Database (TSDB) can be used to efficiently store and query time-related data. i The progress at time t1, t2, and t3 is recorded as P(N i ,t1),P(N i ,t2),P(N i ,t3), the system can efficiently retrieve the progress changes of the node at different times through TSDB.

[0207] Data compression and encryption: In order to save storage space and ensure data security, the system compresses and encrypts the stored data. The compression algorithm converts the original data into raw Compressed to D compressed , its compression ratio R is:

[0208]

[0209] The data is encrypted using the standard encryption algorithm E(k,D), where k is the key and D is the original data. The encrypted data is C=E(k,D). The encryption mechanism ensures the security of data transmission and storage, preventing data leakage or tampering.

[0210] Data analysis and visualization. In addition to storage and traceability, the data storage module also provides powerful data analysis and visualization functions to help managers gain in-depth understanding of the progress of each stage of the project. By analyzing the stored data, the system can generate useful information such as construction progress reports and quality trend analysis to support managers' decision-making.

[0211] Progress trend analysis: By analyzing the progress data P(N i ,t) analysis, the system can generate a trend chart of the construction progress. For example, the system can analyze the completion status of each construction node in different time periods and predict future construction progress.

[0212] Quality trend analysis: The system can analyze the quality test results Q(N i ,t), identify possible quality risks. For example, if the quality qualification rate of certain construction nodes continues to decline, the system will generate a trend report and issue an early warning to remind managers to take measures in advance.

[0213] Data visualization: The system provides a variety of visualization tools, such as line graphs and bar graphs, to show the changing trends of construction data and help managers understand the progress of the project more intuitively. For example, the system can draw a line graph of the construction progress over time to evaluate whether it is proceeding as planned.

[0214] The present invention realizes efficient management and information tracking during the construction process by integrating BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology and QR code technology. The three-dimensional digital model of the bridge is established by using BIM technology, and the geometric information, construction progress and quality standards of the bridge structure are recorded in detail, and a unique QR code is generated for each construction node. Construction personnel obtain real-time node information by scanning the QR code, and update the construction progress and upload quality inspection data. Through modules such as data acquisition, transmission, analysis and control, construction data can be analyzed and fed back in real time to ensure efficient control of construction progress and quality. The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, has the characteristics of timely information update, accurate data, automated management, strong traceability, etc., and can significantly improve the management efficiency and quality control level of bridge construction.

[0215] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned embodiment method can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, so the present application can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0216] The above implementation methods have been described in detail. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based intelligent QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system, characterized in that: The system includes: The BIM model building module uses BIM modeling tools to build a three-dimensional digital model of the bridge based on the data from the bridge design phase, which records in detail the geometric information of the bridge structure, construction progress and quality standards; Smart QR code generation module, which extracts data related to bridge structure and construction process from the BIM model building module, and generates unique QR codes for each structural member, construction stage and material test block of the bridge for information tracking and data recording in site management; Concrete test sampling and test block management module, which is used to sample concrete during the concrete pouring process and make material test blocks for subsequent strength testing and quality assessment; The data collection module is used to collect real-time construction data from the construction site, update it immediately and synchronize it with the remote management system to achieve control and update of the construction progress; A data transmission module, used to transmit the real-time construction data collected by the data collection module to a cloud database; The data analysis and progress control module is used to analyze and judge the real-time construction data uploaded by the data transmission module, automatically evaluate whether the construction quality meets the design standards, and monitor the construction progress in real time; The data storage and traceability module is used to securely store and classify all data during the construction process.

2. According to the smart two-dimensional code bridge construction quality and progress control system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The BIM model building module includes a bridge design phase data collection module for acquiring key data for bridge modeling in the design phase, wherein the key data includes geometric design data, material properties and construction procedures of the bridge; and An integration and processing module that standardizes, integrates, verifies and outputs key data; a 3D model creation module that uses BIM modeling tools to construct a 3D digital model of the bridge; and a construction process simulation module that annotates each construction step in the 3D digital model and displays the sequence and time nodes of the construction process in accordance with the construction timeline.

3. The smart QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The integration and processing module performs standardized processing, integration, verification and output of key data. The specific process includes: Convert each geometric dimension G in the geometric design data into a standard value G norm ,Right now: Among them, μ is the mean value of the geometric size parameter, and σ is the standard deviation; Verify construction step C i Dependency D i Is there a dependency loop? If yes, go to the next step; otherwise, return to the previous step. According to the dependency relationship D i Construction Step C i Sort and determine construction steps C i The start time t start (C i ) and end time t end (C i ),Right now: t end (C i )=t start (C i )+t i Among them, t end (C j ) is the end time of the preceding step; C j ∈dependencies(C i ) means C j It is C i A dependency of dependencies(C i ) indicates construction step C i The set of all dependencies of C i All prerequisite tasks that must be completed before execution; i Construction step C i Duration of Computational Design of Bridge Components j Need to match the corresponding material M k The matching function between them is: in, is the design strength grade of the component, σ j is the design specification of the component, is the strength grade of the material, σ k is the material specification, w f and w σ is the weight of intensity and specification, and the superscript norm indicates the converted standard value; The integrity of the integrated data is checked using JSON Schema, and the integrated data is output in JSON format for building a three-dimensional digital model.

4. The smart two-dimensional code bridge construction quality and progress control system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The verification construction step dependencies D i Whether there is a dependency loop, the specific process is: Consider each construction step as a construction node N in the graph i , dependency D i Treat it as a directed edge to construct the graph G construction =(V,E), where V is the set of construction phase nodes and E is the set of dependency edges; Calculate each construction node N i The in-degree is calculated as: Where j∈dependencies(N i ) indicates that j is N i A dependency of i ) represents the construction node N i The set of all dependencies, that is, N i All prerequisite tasks that must be completed before execution; Use a queue to process each construction node N with zero in-degree i , if the queue is empty and there are still construction nodes N i If it is not processed, it means there is a dependency loop.

5. According to claim 1, the intelligent QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system is characterized in that: The intelligent QR code generation includes a data extraction module that extracts data related to the bridge structure and construction process from the BIM model establishment module, a QR code generation module that generates a unique QR code identifier for the construction node, and a QR code data embedding module that embeds data related to the bridge structure and construction process into the unique QR code identifier, and a QR code application module that applies the unique QR code identifier to the construction site.

6. The smart QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The expression of the unique QR code identifier of the construction node is: H(Q)=Hash(G,M,P) Among them, H(Q) is the unique QR code identifier of the node, G is the geometric information, M is the material property, and P is the progress information; The expression for measuring the information content of a unique QR code identifier is: Among them, S(Q) is the information entropy that measures the amount of information; p i represents the probability distribution of each information field in the QR code; n is the total number of information fields contained in the QR code; The feedback information F of the unique QR code identifier is expressed as: F(Q)=(G i ,S i ,Q i ) Among them, G i is the geometric data information, S i For the construction phase, Q i For quality inspection requirements.

7. The intelligent QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The concrete test sampling and test block management module includes a specimen sampling key information acquisition module that obtains the key information of concrete test block sampling, and a strength detection and test block full life cycle management module that automatically updates the sampling key information of the concrete test block during the strength test and associates it with other construction process information, wherein the sampling key information includes the sampling location, production time, and material ratio.

8. The smart QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a field information data acquisition module that obtains node information from a unique QR code identifier on a construction node and updates the construction status, a construction node quality inspection information acquisition and recording module that collects and records construction node quality inspection information, and a construction site environment data acquisition module that collects environmental data of the construction site and the usage of equipment.

9. The smart QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data analysis and progress control module includes a construction quality analysis and judgment module that analyzes the real-time construction data in real time and automatically determines whether the construction quality meets the design standards, and a construction quality analysis and judgment module that automatically analyzes the actual construction progress P according to the construction plan in the BIM model. actual and planned progress planned A construction progress monitoring module that conducts comparisons to determine the actual progress of construction nodes, as well as a report generation and decision support module that regularly generates quality reports and progress analysis reports and provides risk warning prompts based on real-time data.

10. The smart QR code bridge construction quality and progress control system according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The judgment of whether the construction quality meets the design standards includes: Assign a weight w to each feature i , and obtain the comprehensive score Q of different characteristics on the construction quality score , and according to the comprehensive score Q score Determine whether the construction quality meets the design standards and give a comprehensive score Q score The calculation formula is: Among them, x i is the standardized value of feature i, n is the number of features i, and w i is a weight, satisfying ∑w i =1; Compare predicted values ​​y pred Design standards design The difference between the construction quality and the design quality is used to judge whether the construction quality meets the design standards. The predicted value y pred The calculation formula is: Among them, β0, β i All are regression coefficients; The deviation D between the construction quality characteristics and the ideal standard is calculated using the Euclidean distance, namely: Among them, x i,design is the characteristic value under the design standard; The actual progress of the construction node is evaluated by the following formula, namely: ΔP=P planned -P actual If the ΔP value is positive, it means that the progress is lagging behind. The system will issue an early warning notification and prompt the management personnel to take appropriate remedial measures.

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