A broadband coaxial monopulse self-tracking feed

Abstract

This invention discloses a broadband coaxial monopulse self-tracking feed, belonging to the field of communication antenna technology. It includes a radiating horn with two radiation channels: an sum path radiation channel and a difference path radiation channel. The sum path radiation channel includes a shaped sidewall and a shaped metal rod. The shaped metal rod is located within the shaped sidewall, and the two are coaxially arranged. The shaped sidewall and the shaped metal rod are connected by a reflector located below them. A probe A, perpendicular to the axis of the radiating horn, is positioned above the reflector. The main body of the difference path radiation channel is an annular sidewall. The annular sidewall is fitted onto the top of the outer side of the shaped sidewall, and the two form an integral structure through a base plate. Eight probes B, extending into a slot, are also provided on the annular sidewall and evenly distributed along the annular sidewall. It can achieve broadband monopulse tracking with high illumination efficiency and complete tracking modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication antenna technology, and in particular to a broadband coaxial monopulse self-tracking feed. Background Technology

[0002] Broadband self-tracking feeds are widely used in remote sensing and control, reconnaissance and reception, and other fields. The single-pulse self-tracking feeds used in engineering are mainly based on waveguide systems, including TE21 mode feeds, TM01 mode feeds, multi-horn feeds, and perimeter-array feeds. TE21 mode feeds based on waveguide systems have advantages such as good pattern equalization, complete tracking modes, and high illumination efficiency, but they are large in size and have narrow bandwidth. TM01 mode feeds based on waveguide systems have advantages such as simple implementation and high illumination efficiency, but they have narrow bandwidth and incomplete tracking modes. Multi-horn feeds have advantages such as simple implementation and complete tracking modes, but they have narrow bandwidth and low illumination efficiency. Perimeter-array feeds have advantages such as wide operating bandwidth and complete tracking modes, but their network is complex and has high losses, are limited by manufacturing processes, and have low illumination efficiency. Therefore, broadband single-pulse self-tracking feeds with wide bandwidth, high illumination efficiency, complete tracking modes, and simple structure are currently the focus of research. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a broadband coaxial single-pulse self-tracking feed, which can realize broadband single-pulse tracking, and has high irradiation efficiency and complete tracking modes.

[0004] Based on the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A broadband coaxial monopulse self-tracking feed includes a radiating horn, wherein the radiating horn is provided with two radiating channels, namely a sum path radiating channel and a difference path radiating channel;

[0006] The radiation channel includes a shaped sidewall and a shaped metal rod; the shaped metal rod is located in the shaped sidewall, and the two are coaxially arranged; a cylindrical sidewall integrally formed therewith is provided below the shaped sidewall; the bottom of the shaped metal rod extends into the cylindrical sidewall and is connected to the bottom surface of the cylindrical sidewall as a reflector; there is a gap between the inner wall of the shaped metal rod and the cylindrical sidewall; an annular defect is provided at the bottom of the shaped metal rod; a probe A perpendicular to the axis of the radiation horn passes through the cylindrical sidewall, is partially connected to the shaped metal rod, and is partially located in the annular cavity formed by the annular defect;

[0007] The main body of the differential radiation channel is an annular sidewall; the annular sidewall is fitted on the top of the outer side of the shaped sidewall, and the two are integrated into a structure through the base plate 9; the annular sidewall, the base plate, and the outer wall of the shaped sidewall form a groove 10 with the opening direction in the same direction as the horn mouth of the radiation horn; a probe B is also provided on the annular sidewall that penetrates into the groove; there are 8 probes B, which are evenly distributed along the annular sidewall;

[0008] Both probe A and probe B are perpendicular to the axis of the radiating horn.

[0009] Furthermore, both probe A and probe B are connected to feed wires leading to the outside of the radiating horn.

[0010] Furthermore, both the profile curve of the shaped metal rod and the curve of the shaped sidewall are fitted curves;

[0011] Both the shaped metal rod and the shaped sidewall are obtained with the optimization objective of maximizing antenna efficiency. The contour curve of the shaped metal rod and the curve of the shaped sidewall are obtained by optimizing the coordinate values ​​of their respective discrete points.

[0012] Furthermore, the feed line is a coaxial cable, and the probe is integrated with the central core of the coaxial cable.

[0013] Furthermore, the annular sidewall of the differential radiation channel and the shaped sidewall of the combined radiation channel are at the same height at the horn opening, and the vertical distance between the bottom plate of the differential radiation channel and the horn opening is obtained through optimized calculation.

[0014] Furthermore, the shapes of probe A and probe B are obtained through optimized calculations. Probe B does not contact the shaping sidewall of the radiation channel, while probe A contacts the shaping metal rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. In this invention, the sum path radiation channel and the difference path radiation channel are two relatively independent channels with a high degree of isolation.

[0017] 2. In this invention, the optimal solution for antenna efficiency is obtained by optimizing the profile curve of the metal rod and the shaped sidewall curve in the middle of the radiation channel.

[0018] 3. In this invention, by optimizing the vertical distance between the differential radiation channel base plate and the horn mouth, better differential signal performance can be obtained.

[0019] 4. In this invention, by optimizing the shape of the differential radiation channel probe and the sum radiation channel probe, the sum signal and the differential signal can be well matched.

[0020] 5. In this invention, both the sum and difference signals of the radiating horn can be broadbanded, and the illumination efficiency is high with complete tracking modes.

[0021] In summary, the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to implement, has excellent electrical performance, can achieve broadband single-pulse tracking, and has high irradiation efficiency and complete tracking modes, which is an important improvement over the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a broadband coaxial single-pulse self-tracking feed source in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sum and radiation channel in the broadband coaxial single-pulse self-tracking feed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the differential radiation channel in a broadband coaxial single-pulse self-tracking feed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a broadband coaxial single-pulse self-tracking feed source in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] A broadband coaxial monopulse self-tracking feed includes a radiating horn with two radiation channels: an sum-path radiation channel and a differential-path radiation channel. The sum-path radiation channel has a shaped metal rod and a shaped sidewall coaxial with the metal rod in the middle. The metal rod and the shaped sidewall are connected by a reflector. Above the reflector, a probe perpendicular to the axis of the radiating horn is also provided. The differential-path radiation channel includes an annular sidewall coaxial with the sum-path radiation channel and a base plate for connecting the annular sidewall and the shaped sidewall. Under the obstruction of the base plate, the gap between the shaped sidewall and the annular sidewall forms a groove with an opening direction in the same direction as the horn's aperture. Eight evenly distributed, non-contact probes perpendicular to the axis of the radiating horn are provided on the annular sidewall.

[0028] Optionally, a feed wire leading to the outside of the radiating horn is connected to the end of a probe above the reflector and perpendicular to the axis of the radiating horn. The feed wire is a coaxial cable, and the probe and the central core of the coaxial cable are integrated.

[0029] Optionally, the ends of eight evenly distributed, non-contacting probes on the annular sidewall are fed by feed wires leading to the outside of the radiating horn. The feed wires are coaxial cables, and the probes and the central core of the coaxial cable are integrated.

[0030] Optionally, the heterogeneous radiation channel and the differential radiation channel are two relatively independent channels with a high degree of isolation.

[0031] Optionally, the metal rod and shaped sidewall in the middle of the radiation channel are both obtained with the optimization objective of maximizing antenna efficiency, and the contour curve of the metal rod and the curve of the shaped sidewall are obtained by optimizing the coordinate values ​​of their respective discrete points.

[0032] Optionally, the annular sidewall of the differential radiation channel and the shaped sidewall of the harmonic radiation channel are at the same height at the horn opening, and the vertical distance between the bottom plate of the differential radiation channel and the horn opening is obtained through optimization calculation.

[0033] Optionally, the shapes of the differential radiation channel probe and the sum radiation channel probe are both obtained through optimized calculations. The differential radiation channel probe does not contact the shaping sidewall of the sum radiation channel, while the sum radiation channel probe has good contact with the intermediate metal rod.

[0034] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a broadband coaxial monopulse self-tracking feed includes a radiating horn 1, which comprises an sum-path radiation channel 2 and a differential-path radiation channel 3. The sum-path radiation channel 2 has a shaped metal rod 4 and a shaped sidewall 5 coaxial with the metal rod in the middle. The metal rod 4 and the shaped sidewall 5 are connected by a reflector 6. Above the reflector 6, a probe 7 perpendicular to the axis of the radiating horn 1 is provided. The differential-path radiation channel 3 includes an annular sidewall 8 coaxial with the sum-path radiation channel 2, and a base plate 9 for connecting the annular sidewall 8 and the shaped sidewall 5. Under the obstruction of the base plate 9, the gap between the shaped sidewall 5 and the annular sidewall 8 forms a groove 10 with an opening direction in the same direction as the horn opening of the radiating horn 1. Eight evenly distributed, non-contacting probes 11 perpendicular to the axis of the radiating horn 1 are provided on the annular sidewall 8.

[0035] Optional, still see Figure 4 The probe 7 in the differential radiation channel 2 is connected to a feed wire 13 leading to the outside of the radiation speaker 1, and the probe 11 in the differential radiation channel 3 is connected to a feed wire 12 leading to the outside of the radiation speaker 1.

[0036] Optionally, both feeder wire 12 and feeder wire 13 are coaxial cables, and probes 7 and 11 are integrated with the central core wire of the coaxial cable.

[0037] Optionally, the heterogeneous radiation channel 2 and the differential radiation channel 3 are two relatively independent channels.

[0038] Optionally, both the shaped metal rod curve 4 and the shaped sidewall curve 5 are fitted curves.

[0039] Optionally, the annular sidewall 8 in the differential radiation channel 3 and the shaped sidewall 5 in the harmonic radiation channel 2 are at the same height at the flared opening.

[0040] Optionally, the probe 11 in the differential radiation channel 3 does not contact the shaping sidewall 5 in the neutral radiation channel 2.

[0041] Optionally, the probe 7 in the radiation channel 2 makes good contact with the intermediate metal rod 4.

[0042] In the above embodiments, the shaped metal rod in the radiation channel and the curves in the shaped sidewalls are obtained with antenna efficiency as the optimization target. The curves are represented by several discrete points, and the curve shape that meets the optimization target can be obtained by optimizing the coordinate values ​​of these discrete points. Furthermore, optimizing the curves can broadband the signal. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can calculate the various specific shapes and dimensions mentioned above using the hints provided in this patent, but this does not mean that the hints themselves belong to the prior art. In fact, these hints disclosed in this patent are themselves part of the technical features that contribute to the patentability of this patent.

[0043] In the above embodiments, the sum-path radiation channel and the difference-path radiation channel are two relatively independent channels with high isolation. The vertical distance between the base plate and the horn opening in the difference-path radiation channel is obtained with the differential signal performance as the optimization target. The probe shape in the sum-path radiation channel and the probe shape in the difference-path radiation channel are obtained with the voltage standing wave ratio as the target.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the differential radiation channel has eight evenly distributed feed lines that lead out the signal. The rear ends of the eight feed lines are connected to multiple bridge circuits to achieve simultaneous single-pulse signal tracking. The differential signal implemented in this way can achieve broadband.

[0045] In summary, the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to implement, has excellent electrical performance, can achieve broadband single-pulse tracking, and has high irradiation efficiency and complete tracking modes, which is an important improvement over the prior art.

[0046] It should be understood that the above description of the specific embodiments of this patent is merely an exemplary description provided to facilitate understanding of the patent solution by those skilled in the art, and does not imply that the scope of protection of this patent is limited to these specific examples. Those skilled in the art can obtain more specific embodiments without any creative effort by combining technical features, replacing some technical features, adding more technical features, etc., of the various examples listed in this patent, provided that they have a full understanding of the technical solution of this patent. All of these specific embodiments are within the scope of the claims of this patent, and therefore, these new specific embodiments should also be within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A broadband coaxial monopulse self-tracking feed, comprising a radiating horn, characterized in that, The radiating horn has two radiation channels, namely the sum path radiation channel and the difference path radiation channel; The radiation channel includes a shaped sidewall and a shaped metal rod; the shaped metal rod is located in the shaped sidewall, and the two are coaxially arranged; a cylindrical sidewall integrally formed therewith is provided below the shaped sidewall; the bottom of the shaped metal rod extends into the cylindrical sidewall and is connected to the bottom surface of the cylindrical sidewall as a reflector; there is a gap between the inner wall of the shaped metal rod and the cylindrical sidewall; an annular defect is provided at the bottom of the shaped metal rod; a probe A perpendicular to the axis of the radiation horn passes through the cylindrical sidewall, is partially connected to the shaped metal rod, and is partially located in the annular cavity formed by the annular defect; The main body of the differential radiation channel is an annular sidewall; the annular sidewall is fitted on the top of the outer side of the shaped sidewall, and the two form an integral structure through the base plate (9); the annular sidewall, the base plate and the outer wall of the shaped sidewall form a groove (10) with the opening direction being the same as the direction of the horn mouth of the radiation horn; a probe B is also provided on the annular sidewall that penetrates into the groove; there are 8 probes B, which are evenly distributed along the annular sidewall; Both probe A and probe B are perpendicular to the axis of the radiating horn.

2. The broadband coaxial single-pulse self-tracking feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both probe A and probe B have feed lines connected to their ends, leading to the outside of the radiating horn.

3. The broadband coaxial single-pulse self-tracking feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contour curve of the shaped metal rod and the curve of the shaped sidewall are both fitted curves; Both the shaped metal rod and the shaped sidewall are obtained with the optimization objective of maximizing antenna efficiency. The contour curve of the shaped metal rod and the curve of the shaped sidewall are obtained by optimizing the coordinate values ​​of their respective discrete points.

4. A broadband coaxial single-pulse self-tracking feed according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feed line is a coaxial cable, and the probe is integrated with the central core of the coaxial cable.

5. A broadband coaxial single-pulse self-tracking feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular sidewall of the differential radiation channel and the shaped sidewall of the combined radiation channel are at the same height at the horn opening. The vertical distance between the bottom plate of the differential radiation channel and the horn opening is obtained through optimized calculation.

6. A broadband coaxial single-pulse self-tracking feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shapes of probe A and probe B are obtained through optimization calculations. Probe B does not contact the shaping sidewall of the radiation channel, while probe A is in contact with the shaping metal rod.

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