Frequency expansion defense line control system and control method with decentralized response and additional centralized control

Abstract

The invention discloses a frequency expansion defensive line control system and a control method thereof with decentralized response and additional centralized control, the system realizes stable control of power system frequency by establishing a layered architecture, in a two-layer architecture, a decentralized execution station is responsible for monitoring bus frequency, and in the two-layer architecture, the decentralized execution station is responsible for monitoring bus frequency; when the frequency is abnormal, the controllable quantity or the actual control quantity is reported to the additional control substation, and the additional control substation is responsible for summarizing information, judging whether the control quantity is sufficient or not and adding the control quantity to the decentralized execution station when the control quantity is insufficient; in the three-layer architecture, aiming at the situation of cross-resource stations, an additional centralized control master station is added and used for coordinating the control quantity among different resource stations and ensuring the stability of the system frequency, and additional control substations report the coordinated or coordinated control quantity to the additional centralized control master station according to the control requirements of the additional control substations. And the master station performs resource optimization and control according to the priority. According to the method, the coordination capability of centralized control can be increased on the basis of ensuring the reliability of the decentralized action, so that the frequency emergency control defense line can accurately cut off controllable resources of a predetermined control quantity, and the defect of the capability of the existing frequency emergency control defense line is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power control, and in particular to a frequency extension defense line system and a control method for a distributed response supplemented with centralized control. Background Art

[0002] The existing frequency regulation resources are difficult to ensure that the system frequency remains within a safe range when the load continues to grow. There is a risk that the frequency will continue to drop, triggering low-frequency load shedding and causing a major power outage. In terms of frequency emergency control, the third line of defense frequency and voltage emergency control technology triggered by signals is mainly used. There is a lack of coordination of multi-type and multi-scale resources, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of online early warning reliability and sensitivity for the complex and changeable operation mode of a high-proportion new energy power system.

[0003] At present, the frequency emergency control device only responds to the changes in local electrical quantities and implements the cutting of locally determined load lines. On the one hand, this is conducive to ensuring the reliability of the device's own operation, but on the other hand, it is not conducive to the coordination and optimization of the overall control behavior of the system. Even in major power outages, it has been found that the frequency emergency control device cannot promptly and correctly reflect the system dynamics. This is also a manifestation of the complexity of the system stability characteristics caused by the development of the power system.

[0004] At the same time, the frequency emergency control device operates according to the fixed strategy set offline. In scenarios such as load line power changes, pumped storage power generation and pump state switching, and energy storage charging and discharging conversion, it faces under-control of the controllable resource volume in low-frequency or high-frequency scenarios, which has become a defect in existing frequency emergency control methods and systems. With the construction of new power systems, new energy storage, pumped storage, interruptible loads, direct current and other controllable resources have become important frequency control means for power grids. How to give full play to their control capabilities will greatly reduce the impact on people's livelihood loads and traditional power sources under abnormal frequency conditions, and enhance the power grid's safe and stable operation capabilities and supply guarantee capabilities. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a frequency extension defense line control system and control method with distributed response supplemented by centralized control, which increases the centralized coordination capability of centralized control on the basis of ensuring the reliability of distributed action, so that the frequency emergency control defense line can accurately cut off the controllable resources of the predetermined control amount, so as to make up for the insufficient capability of the existing frequency emergency control defense line.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a frequency extension defense line control system with distributed response and additional centralized control described in the present invention includes a hierarchical architecture of distributed response and additional centralized control established based on resource sites, wherein for a single resource site, a two-layer architecture includes a distributed execution station and an additional control substation, and for multiple cross-resource sites, a three-layer architecture of an additional centralized control main station for cross-resource coordination is added on the basis of the two-layer architecture; communications are established between the distributed execution stations and the additional control substations, and between the additional control substations and the additional centralized control main station for data exchange.

[0007] Among them, the distributed execution station includes collecting bus voltage to calculate bus frequency fi, collecting resource electrical quantity to calculate electrical power, and pre-setting the execution station frequency action value Fs, delay constant Ts, and control quantity constant Psi; when the bus frequency fi is not less than the frequency action value Fs, the distributed execution station sends the bus frequency fi and controllable quantity Pci of the station to the additional control substation in real time; when the bus frequency fi is less than the frequency action value Fs and the duration is greater than the delay constant Ts, the distributed execution station cuts off or modulates the power of the controllable resources according to the control quantity constant Psi, and at the same time sends the action time frequency value fai and the actual control quantity Pai to the additional control substation; wherein i represents the serial number of the distributed execution station.

[0008] The additional control substation is pre-set with a substation frequency action value and a total control quantity constant ∑Psj;

[0009] The additional control substation obtains the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj of all distributed execution stations based on the controllable quantity Pci sent by the distributed execution station i. When the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj is less than the substation total controllable quantity constant ∑Psj, the additional control substation reports an abnormal message of "insufficient controllable quantity";

[0010] The additional control substation is based on the actual control quantity Pai sent by the distributed execution station i, and sums up the actual total control quantity ∑Paj of all distributed execution stations. When the actual total control quantity ∑Paj is less than the total control quantity constant ∑Psj, it is further determined whether the substation total control quantity constant ∑Psj is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj. If ∑Psj is less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation adds (∑Psj-∑Paj) control quantities to the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and cuts off or modulates the power of the controllable resources. If ∑Psj is not less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation adds (∑Pcj-∑Paj) control quantities to the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and cuts off or modulates the power of the controllable resources; wherein j represents the serial number of the additional control substation.

[0011] Among them, for the three-layer architecture, when the total control quantity constant ∑Psj of the additional control substation j is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j calculates the coordinable control quantity ∑Pkj=∑Pcj-∑Psj of the station, and sends it to the additional centralized control master station, otherwise ∑Pkj is set to 0 and sent to the additional centralized control master station;

[0012] When the total control quantity constant ∑Psj of the additional control substation j is greater than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j performs additional control on the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and calculates the control quantity ∑Ptj=∑Psj-∑Pcj that needs to be coordinated by this station and sends it to the additional centralized control master station.

[0013] Among them, the additional centralized control main station sends the required coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj of the additional control substation j to the additional control substations of other resource sites according to the pre-set resource control priority based on the required coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj sent by the additional control substation j and the coordinable control quantity sent by the additional control substations of other resource sites, and the execution stations under the jurisdiction of other additional control substations execute the removal of controllable resources or power modulation.

[0014] Among them, the system deploys online monitoring modules according to the level of local control, provincial control and network control, and monitors the controllable resources within the control and management authority and the status of additional centralized control master stations, additional control substations and decentralized execution stations in real time.

[0015] The method for the online monitoring module to monitor the controllable resources within the control authority and the status of the additional centralized control master station, additional control substation, and decentralized execution station in real time is:

[0016] When the additional control substation detects that the distributed execution station without strategy setting value under its jurisdiction has abnormal communication, the controllable quantity of the distributed execution station is eliminated;

[0017] When the additional control substation detects that the distributed execution station with a strategic setting has abnormal communication under its jurisdiction, the action amount of the distributed execution station is assumed to be completely cut off during the abnormal period, and the total control amount setting of the additional control substation is reduced by the cuttable amount sent by the distributed execution station; the channel pressure plate of the distributed execution station is set, and when the distributed execution station is abnormal and cannot act, the additional control substation exits the channel pressure plate of the distributed execution station with communication abnormality, and the total control amount setting of the additional control substation is no longer reduced by the cuttable amount sent by the station;

[0018] When the additional control substation is abnormal and the distributed execution station detects the communication abnormality, the distributed execution station with policy settings will act according to the set value; the distributed execution station without policy settings will not receive the command and will not act; the additional centralized control master station defaults to the abnormal additional control substation as the overall resources are uncontrollable, and the resources under the additional control substation will not be included in the unified control resource pool;

[0019] When the additional centralized control master station is abnormal, each additional control substation will add according to the required cut-off value. If the control quantity is insufficient, it will no longer be sent to the additional centralized control master station.

[0020] The control method of the frequency extension defense line control system of the above-mentioned distributed response additional centralized control described in the present invention is that for a single resource site, the distributed execution station in the two-layer architecture monitors the bus frequency. When the bus frequency is higher than the set frequency action value, the distributed execution station reports the controllable quantity to the additional control substation. The additional control substation determines whether the total controllable quantity of all distributed execution stations meets the demand. If not, the additional control substation will send an abnormal message. When the bus frequency is lower than the frequency action value and the duration exceeds the set value, the distributed execution station will directly control the controllable resources and report the actual control quantity to the additional control substation. If the actual total control quantity of all distributed execution stations is insufficient, the additional control substation adds the control quantity to the distributed execution station.

[0021] For multiple cross-resource sites, in the three-layer architecture, when the total control quantity set value of the additional control substation is less than the total controllable quantity, the coordinated control quantity is calculated and reported to the additional centralized control master station; conversely, if the total control quantity set value is greater than the total controllable quantity, the coordinated control quantity is calculated and reported to the additional centralized control master station. The additional centralized control master station coordinates the control quantity of the additional control substations of each resource site according to the resource control priority based on the information reported by each additional control substation, so as to achieve cross-site resource optimization and control.

[0022] The control method of the two-layer architecture is specifically as follows:

[0023] (1) When the bus frequency fi calculated by the distributed execution station i is not less than the frequency action value Fs, the distributed execution station i sends the local bus frequency fi and controllable quantity Pci to the additional control substation in real time;

[0024] The additional control substation obtains the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj of all distributed execution stations based on the controllable quantity Pci sent by the distributed execution station i. When the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj is less than the substation total controllable quantity constant ∑Psj, the additional control substation reports an abnormal message of "insufficient controllable quantity";

[0025] (2) When the bus frequency fi calculated by the distributed execution station i is less than the frequency action value Fs and the duration is greater than the delay setting value Ts, the distributed execution station i removes or modulates the controllable resources according to the control quantity setting value Psi, and sends the action time frequency value fai and the actual control quantity Pai to the additional control substation;

[0026] The additional control substation is based on the actual control quantity Pai sent by the distributed execution station i, and sums up the actual total control quantity ∑Paj of all distributed execution stations. When the actual total control quantity ∑Paj is less than the total control quantity constant ∑Psj, it further determines whether the substation total control quantity constant ∑Psj is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj. If ∑Psj is less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation adds (∑Psj-∑Paj) control quantities to the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and cuts off or modulates the power of the controllable resources. If ∑Psj is not less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation adds (∑Pcj-∑Paj) control quantities to the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and cuts off or modulates the power of the controllable resources. Wherein, i represents the serial number of the distributed execution station, and j represents the additional control substation.

[0027] The control method of the three-layer architecture is specifically as follows:

[0028] (1) When the bus frequency fi calculated by the distributed execution station i is not less than the frequency action value Fs, the distributed execution station i sends the local bus frequency fi and controllable quantity Pci to the additional control substation j in real time;

[0029] The additional control substation j obtains the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj of all the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction based on the controllable quantity Pci sent by the distributed execution station i under its jurisdiction. When the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj is less than the substation total control quantity constant ∑Psj, the additional control substation reports an abnormal message of "insufficient controllable quantity";

[0030] (2) When the bus frequency fi calculated by the distributed execution station i is less than the frequency action value Fs and the duration is greater than the delay setting Ts, the distributed execution station i removes or modulates the controllable resources according to the control quantity setting Psi, and sends the action time frequency value fai and the actual control quantity Pai to the additional control substation j;

[0031] The additional control substation j is based on the actual control quantity Pai sent by the decentralized execution station i under its jurisdiction, and the actual total control quantity ∑Paj of all the decentralized execution stations under its jurisdiction is obtained by summing up. When the actual total control quantity ∑Paj is less than the total control quantity constant ∑Psj, it is further judged whether the substation total control quantity constant ∑Psj is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj. If ∑Psj is less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j adds (∑Psj-∑Paj) control quantity to the decentralized execution stations under its jurisdiction, and performs cut-off or power modulation on the controllable resources. If ∑Psj is not less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j adds (∑Pcj-∑Paj) control quantity to the decentralized execution stations under its jurisdiction, and performs cut-off or power modulation on the controllable resources.

[0032] When the total control quantity constant ∑Psj of the additional control substation j is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j calculates the coordinable control quantity ∑Pkj=∑Pcj-∑Psj of the station and sends it to the additional centralized control master station, otherwise ∑Pkj is set to 0 and sent to the additional centralized control master station; when the total control quantity constant ∑Psj of the additional control substation j is greater than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j performs additional control on the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and calculates the coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj=∑Psj-∑Pcj of the station and sends it to the additional centralized control master station;

[0033] The additional centralized control master station sends the coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj of the additional control substation j to the additional control substations of other resource sites according to the preset resource control priority based on the coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj sent by the additional control substation j and the coordinated control quantity sent by the additional control substations of other resource sites, and the execution stations under the jurisdiction of other additional control substations execute the removal of controllable resources or the modulation of power;

[0034] Among them, i represents the distributed execution station number, and j represents the additional control substation number.

[0035] Beneficial effects: The present invention has the following advantages: When the frequency of the power system is unstable, the system and method of the present invention can use non-load resources to perform actions in a decentralized control manner to ensure the reliability of the actions and complete the control of the basic resource quantity; on the basis of decentralized control, after collecting the action results, an additional centralized control method is adopted, so that the frequency emergency control line can accurately cut off the controllable resources of the predetermined control amount to make up for the insufficient capacity of the existing frequency emergency control line.

[0036] The system and method described in the present invention not only retain the basis of decentralized frequency emergency control actions to ensure the reliability of frequency control of massive resources, but also realize additional centralized control to ensure the accuracy of the control amount when the controllable amount of resources fluctuates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the two-layer architecture configuration of a distributed and additional centralized control system;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-layer architecture configuration of a distributed and additional centralized control system;

[0039] Figure 3 Frequency extension line of defense architecture;

[0040] Figure 4 The two-layer architecture adds control processes;

[0041] Figure 5 Three-tier architecture adds control flow;

[0042] Figure 6The system handles device exceptions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings.

[0044] A frequency emergency control system with distributed response and centralized control includes a two-layer architecture and a three-layer architecture, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 The two-layer architecture includes distributed execution stations and additional control substations; the three-layer architecture includes distributed execution stations, additional control substations, and additional centralized control master stations.

[0045] The two-layer architecture is arranged according to the type of resources. For example, when used for energy storage control, a distributed execution station is configured at the energy storage station to collect energy storage electrical quantities and calculate the frequency, power, and controllable quantity of the energy storage site; additional control substations are arranged at the central energy storage station or at multiple substations with close energy storage communications.

[0046] The three-tier architecture can coordinate across resources, deploy distributed execution stations at pumped storage, energy storage, load and other resource sites, collect electrical quantities at resource sites, and calculate frequency, power, and controllable quantities; additional control substations are set up according to resource types and deployed at central resource stations or substations with close communication between multiple resource stations; additional centralized control master stations are deployed in regional central substations.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, taking the frequency extension defense line as an example, the process of constructing a frequency emergency control system with decentralized response and additional centralized control and performing control is as follows.

[0048] 1. Establish a layered architecture with distributed response and additional centralized control based on resource sites.

[0049] 1) Arrange DC execution stations, pumped storage execution stations, load execution units and energy storage execution units according to the resource type; arrange load execution stations and energy storage execution stations according to cities and dispatching authority; arrange load control substations and energy storage control substations according to provinces; arrange DC control substations, pumped storage control substations and frequency defense control master stations according to regional power grids;

[0050] 2) The main part of the frequency extension defense line is a three-layer architecture of decentralized response and additional centralized control system: the DC execution station and the pumped storage execution station are decentralized execution stations, the load control execution station and the load execution unit together constitute the decentralized execution station function, and the energy storage control execution station and the energy storage control execution unit together constitute the decentralized execution station function; the DC control substation, the pumped storage control substation, the load control substation and the energy storage control substation realize the additional control substation function; the frequency defense control master station realizes the additional centralized control master station function;

[0051] 3) The DC execution station collects information such as the converter transformer bus voltage, DC transmission power, and modulated power, and calculates the bus frequency; the pumped storage execution station collects the voltage and current of the pumped storage unit and the bus voltage of the pumped storage power station, and calculates the power of the pumped storage unit and the bus frequency; the load execution unit collects the load line voltage, current, and line-connected bus voltage, and calculates the line power and bus frequency. The load execution unit serves as the action mechanism of the load control execution station. The load execution station collects the line power and issues a command to cut off the line of the execution unit; the energy storage execution unit collects the voltage and current of the energy storage battery. , connect the bus voltage, calculate the energy storage power and bus frequency, the energy storage control execution unit serves as the action mechanism of the energy storage control execution station, the energy storage execution station collects the energy storage power, and issues a command to cut off or modulate the battery power of the execution unit; the frequency action value Fs, the delay constant Ts and the control quantity constant Psi are set on the DC control execution station, the pumped storage control execution station, the energy storage control execution station and the load control execution station respectively; the total control quantity constant ∑Psj is set on the DC control substation, the pumped storage control substation, the energy storage control substation and the load control substation respectively;

[0052] 4) The monitoring auxiliary function of the frequency extension defense line is to deploy the local frequency defense online monitoring module on the local dispatching side to monitor the load and energy storage control quantity and other information within the frequency defense line under the jurisdiction of the local dispatching; to deploy the provincial frequency defense online monitoring module on the provincial dispatching side to monitor the load and energy storage control quantity and other information within the frequency defense line under the jurisdiction of the provincial dispatching; to deploy the grid dispatching frequency defense online monitoring module on the grid dispatching side to monitor the DC, pumped storage, load and energy storage control quantity and other information under the jurisdiction of the grid dispatching.

[0053] 2. Add control flow to the two-layer architecture, refer to Figure 4 .

[0054] 1) When the bus frequency fi of the execution station is not less than the frequency action value Fs, the bus frequency fi of the station and the controllable quantity Pci are sent to the control substation. After the substation collects the controllable quantity data Pci of each execution station, it sums the Pci sent by each execution station to obtain the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj. When the total controllable quantity ∑Pc is less than the substation total control quantity set value ∑Psj, the master station reports an abnormal message of "insufficient controllable quantity" to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to pay attention;

[0055] 2) When the bus frequency fi of the execution station is less than the frequency action value Fs, and the duration is greater than the delay setting value Ts, the execution station cuts off the line of the station or performs power modulation according to the control value Psi, and sends the frequency value fai at the action time and the actual control value Pai at the same time;

[0056] 3) After the control substation receives the actual control quantity of each execution station, it calculates and obtains the actual total control quantity ∑Paj. When ∑Paj is less than the total control quantity constant ∑Psj, it determines whether ∑Psj is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj. When ∑Psj is less than ∑Pcj, the additional control quantity calculated by the substation is (∑Psj-∑Paj), otherwise the additional control quantity calculated is (∑Pcj-∑Paj). The substation sends the additional control quantity to each execution station to implement power removal or modulation. When ∑Psj is greater than ∑Pcj, the coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj=∑Psj-∑Pcj is calculated.

[0057] 3. Additional control process of three-tier architecture, refer to Figure 5 .

[0058] 1) When the total control quantity constant ∑Psj of the control substation is less than the controllable quantity ∑Pcj under the control of the substation, the substation calculates the coordinated control quantity ∑Pkj=∑Pcj-∑Psj and sends it to the additional centralized control master station, otherwise ∑Pkj is set to 0 and sent to the control master station. While the substation performs additional control, the coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj calculated in step 2 is sent to the additional centralized control master station;

[0059] 2) After the additional centralized control master station receives the coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj, it performs additional control in the order of the DC coordinated control quantity ∑Pk1, the energy storage coordinated control quantity ∑Pk2, the pumped storage coordinated control quantity ∑Pk3, and the load coordinated control quantity ∑Pk4 sent by each resource control substation. If the coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj is greater than the DC coordinated control quantity ∑Pk1, the DC additional control quantity ∑Pc1=∑Pk1, otherwise ∑Pc1=∑Ptj; when the DC control quantity of priority 1 is insufficient, (∑Ptj-∑Pk1) is greater than the energy storage coordinated control quantity ∑Pk2, then the energy storage additional control quantity ∑Pc2=∑Pk2, otherwise ∑Pc2=∑Ptj-∑Pk1; when the energy storage control quantity of priority 2 is insufficient, (∑Ptj-∑Pk1- ∑Pk2) is greater than the coordinated controllable amount of pumped storage ∑Pk3, then the additional control amount of pumped storage ∑Pc3=∑Pk3, otherwise ∑Pc3=∑Ptj-∑Pk1-∑Pk2; when the pumped storage controllable amount of priority 3 is insufficient, (∑Ptj-∑Pk1-∑Pk2-∑Pk3) is greater than the coordinated controllable amount of load ∑Pk4, then the additional control amount of load ∑Pc4=∑Pk4, otherwise ∑Pc4=∑Ptj-∑Pk1-∑Pk2-∑Pk3;

[0060] 4. System handling of device abnormalities, refer to Figure 6 .

[0061] 1) The substation detects that the communication with the execution station without a strategy setting is abnormal, and subtracts the controllable quantity Pci of the station from the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj.

[0062] 2) When the substation detects communication anomalies with the execution station with strategic settings, the default action amount of the station is completely cut off during the abnormal period, and the total control amount constant ∑Psj needs to be reduced by the cuttable amount Pci sent by the station; set the execution station channel pressure plate, and when it is confirmed on site that the execution station is abnormal and cannot be operated, withdraw the pressure plate on the substation side, and the total control amount constant ∑Psj will no longer be reduced by the cuttable amount Pci sent by the station.

[0063] 3) If the substation itself is abnormal, after the execution station detects the communication abnormality, the execution station with policy settings will act according to the set values; the execution station without policy settings will not receive additional control commands and will not act; the third-layer control master station assumes that the overall resources of the substation are uncontrollable and does not include the resources under the jurisdiction of the substation into the unified control resource pool.

[0064] 4) If the master station is abnormal, the slave station will be added according to step 2 and step 3 will not be implemented.

Claims

1. A frequency extension defense line control system with distributed response and additional centralized control, characterized in that: It includes establishing a hierarchical architecture of distributed response and additional centralized control based on resource sites. For a single resource site, a two-layer architecture includes a distributed execution station and an additional control substation. For multiple cross-resource sites, a three-layer architecture is added to the two-layer architecture with an additional centralized control main station for cross-resource coordination. Communications are established between the distributed execution stations and the additional control substations, and between the additional control substations and the additional centralized control main station to exchange data.

2. The frequency extension defense line control system with distributed response and centralized control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distributed execution station includes collecting bus voltage to calculate bus frequency fi, collecting resource electrical quantity to calculate electrical power, and pre-setting the execution station frequency action value Fs, delay constant Ts, and control quantity constant Psi; when the bus frequency fi is not less than the frequency action value Fs, the distributed execution station sends the bus frequency fi and controllable quantity Pci of the station to the additional control substation in real time; when the bus frequency fi is less than the frequency action value Fs and the duration is greater than the delay constant Ts, the distributed execution station cuts off or modulates the power of the controllable resources according to the control quantity constant Psi, and sends the action time frequency value fai and the actual control quantity Pai to the additional control substation; wherein i represents the serial number of the distributed execution station.

3. The frequency extension defense line control system with distributed response and centralized control according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The additional control substation is preset with a substation frequency action value and a total control quantity constant ∑Psj; The additional control substation obtains the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj of all distributed execution stations based on the controllable quantity Pci sent by the distributed execution station i. When the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj is less than the substation total controllable quantity constant ∑Psj, the additional control substation reports an abnormal message of "insufficient controllable quantity"; The additional control substation is based on the actual control quantity Pai sent by the distributed execution station i, and sums up the actual total control quantity ∑Paj of all distributed execution stations. When the actual total control quantity ∑Paj is less than the total control quantity constant ∑Psj, it is further determined whether the substation total control quantity constant ∑Psj is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj. If ∑Psj is less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation adds (∑Psj-∑Paj) control quantities to the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and cuts off or modulates the power of the controllable resources. If ∑Psj is not less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation adds (∑Pcj-∑Paj) control quantities to the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and cuts off or modulates the power of the controllable resources; wherein j represents the serial number of the additional control substation.

4. The frequency extension defense line control system with distributed response and centralized control according to claim 3 is characterized in that: For the three-layer architecture, when the total control quantity constant ∑Psj of the additional control substation j is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j calculates the coordinable control quantity ∑Pkj=∑Pcj-∑Psj of the station and sends it to the additional centralized control master station, otherwise ∑Pkj is set to 0 and sent to the additional centralized control master station; When the total control quantity constant ∑Psj of the additional control substation j is greater than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j performs additional control on the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and calculates the control quantity ∑Ptj=∑Psj-∑Pcj that needs to be coordinated by this station and sends it to the additional centralized control master station.

5. The frequency extension defense line control system with distributed response and centralized control according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The additional centralized control master station sends the required coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj of the additional control substation j to the additional control substations of other resource sites according to the pre-set resource control priority based on the required coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj sent by the additional control substation j and the coordinable control quantity sent by the additional control substations of other resource sites, and the execution stations under the jurisdiction of the other additional control substations execute the removal of controllable resources or power modulation.

6. The frequency extension defense line control system with distributed response and centralized control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system deploys online monitoring modules according to the level of local control, provincial control and network control, and monitors the controllable resources within the control authority and the status of additional centralized control master stations, additional control substations and decentralized execution stations in real time.

7. The frequency extension defense line control system with distributed response and centralized control according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The method for the online monitoring module to monitor the controllable resources within the control authority and the status of the additional centralized control master station, additional control substation, and decentralized execution station in real time is: When the additional control substation detects that the distributed execution station without strategy setting value under its jurisdiction has abnormal communication, the controllable quantity of the distributed execution station is eliminated; When the additional control substation detects that the distributed execution station with a strategic setting has abnormal communication under its jurisdiction, the action amount of the distributed execution station is assumed to be completely cut off during the abnormal period, and the total control amount setting of the additional control substation is reduced by the cuttable amount sent by the distributed execution station; the channel pressure plate of the distributed execution station is set, and when the distributed execution station is abnormal and cannot act, the additional control substation exits the channel pressure plate of the distributed execution station with communication abnormality, and the total control amount setting of the additional control substation is no longer reduced by the cuttable amount sent by the station; When the additional control substation is abnormal and the distributed execution station detects the communication abnormality, the distributed execution station with policy settings will act according to the set value; the distributed execution station without policy settings will not receive the command and will not act; the additional centralized control master station defaults to the abnormal additional control substation as the overall resources are uncontrollable, and the resources under the additional control substation will not be included in the unified control resource pool; When the additional centralized control master station is abnormal, each additional control substation will add according to the required cut-off value. If the control quantity is insufficient, it will no longer be sent to the additional centralized control master station.

8. A control method for a frequency extension defense line control system based on the distributed response supplemented with centralized control according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: For a single resource site, the distributed execution station in the two-layer architecture monitors the bus frequency. When the bus frequency is higher than the set frequency action value, the distributed execution station reports the controllable quantity to the additional control substation. The additional control substation determines whether the total controllable quantity of all distributed execution stations meets the demand. If not, the additional control substation will send an abnormal message. When the bus frequency is lower than the frequency action value and the duration exceeds the set value, the distributed execution station will directly control the controllable resources and report the actual control quantity to the additional control substation. If the actual total control quantity of all distributed execution stations is insufficient, the additional control substation will add control quantity to the distributed execution station. For multiple cross-resource sites, in the three-layer architecture, when the total control quantity set value of the additional control substation is less than the total controllable quantity, the coordinable control quantity is calculated and reported to the additional centralized control master station; On the contrary, if the total control quantity constant is greater than the total controllable quantity, the control quantity that needs to be coordinated is calculated and reported to the additional centralized control master station. The additional centralized control master station coordinates the control quantity of the additional control substations of each resource site according to the information reported by each additional control substation and the resource control priority to achieve cross-site resource optimization and control.

9. The frequency extension defense line control method of decentralized response supplemented with centralized control according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control method of the two-layer architecture is specifically as follows: (1) When the bus frequency fi calculated by the distributed execution station i is not less than the frequency action value Fs, the distributed execution station i sends the local bus frequency fi and controllable quantity Pci to the additional control substation in real time; The additional control substation obtains the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj of all distributed execution stations based on the controllable quantity Pci sent by the distributed execution station i. When the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj is less than the substation total controllable quantity constant ∑Psj, the additional control substation reports an abnormal message of "insufficient controllable quantity"; (2) When the bus frequency fi calculated by the distributed execution station i is less than the frequency action value Fs and the duration is greater than the delay setting value Ts, the distributed execution station i removes or modulates the controllable resources according to the control quantity setting value Psi, and sends the action time frequency value fai and the actual control quantity Pai to the additional control substation; The additional control substation is based on the actual control quantity Pai sent by the distributed execution station i, and sums up the actual total control quantity ∑Paj of all distributed execution stations. When the actual total control quantity ∑Paj is less than the total control quantity constant ∑Psj, it further determines whether the substation total control quantity constant ∑Psj is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj. If ∑Psj is less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation adds (∑Psj-∑Paj) control quantities to the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and cuts off or modulates the power of the controllable resources. If ∑Psj is not less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation adds (∑Pcj-∑Paj) control quantities to the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and cuts off or modulates the power of the controllable resources. Wherein, i represents the serial number of the distributed execution station, and j represents the additional control substation.

10. The frequency extension defense line control method of decentralized response supplemented with centralized control according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control method of the three-layer architecture is specifically as follows: (1) When the bus frequency fi calculated by the distributed execution station i is not less than the frequency action value Fs, the distributed execution station i sends the local bus frequency fi and controllable quantity Pci to the additional control substation j in real time; The additional control substation j obtains the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj of all the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction based on the controllable quantity Pci sent by the distributed execution station i under its jurisdiction. When the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj is less than the substation total control quantity constant ∑Psj, the additional control substation reports an abnormal message of "insufficient controllable quantity"; (2) When the bus frequency fi calculated by the distributed execution station i is less than the frequency action value Fs and the duration is greater than the delay setting Ts, the distributed execution station i removes or modulates the controllable resources according to the control quantity setting Psi, and sends the action time frequency value fai and the actual control quantity Pai to the additional control substation j; The additional control substation j is based on the actual control quantity Pai sent by the decentralized execution station i under its jurisdiction, and the actual total control quantity ∑Paj of all the decentralized execution stations under its jurisdiction is obtained by summing up. When the actual total control quantity ∑Paj is less than the total control quantity constant ∑Psj, it is further judged whether the substation total control quantity constant ∑Psj is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj. If ∑Psj is less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j adds (∑Psj-∑Paj) control quantity to the decentralized execution stations under its jurisdiction, and performs cut-off or power modulation on the controllable resources. If ∑Psj is not less than ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j adds (∑Pcj-∑Paj) control quantity to the decentralized execution stations under its jurisdiction, and performs cut-off or power modulation on the controllable resources. When the total control quantity constant ∑Psj of the additional control substation j is less than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j calculates the coordinable control quantity ∑Pkj=∑Pcj-∑Psj of the station and sends it to the additional centralized control master station, otherwise ∑Pkj is set to 0 and sent to the additional centralized control master station; When the total control quantity constant ∑Psj of the additional control substation j is greater than the total controllable quantity ∑Pcj, the additional control substation j performs additional control on the distributed execution stations under its jurisdiction, and calculates the coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj=∑Psj-∑Pcj required by the station and sends it to the additional centralized control master station; The additional centralized control master station sends the coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj of the additional control substation j to the additional control substations of other resource sites according to the preset resource control priority based on the coordinated control quantity ∑Ptj sent by the additional control substation j and the coordinated control quantity sent by the additional control substations of other resource sites, and the execution stations under the jurisdiction of other additional control substations execute the removal of controllable resources or the modulation of power; Among them, i represents the distributed execution station number, and j represents the additional control substation number.

Images