Method for harvesting floating rice on shoreside based on combine harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses a harvesting method for harvesting floating rice on the shoreside based on a combine harvester. The harvesting method comprises the following steps that firstly, mature floating rice is selected; 2, performing unit construction and splicing on the mature floating rice; 3, the planting units constructed and spliced in the step 2 are conveyed to the shore, and a harvesting device is adopted for harvesting; fourthly, after the floating rice in the third step is harvested, the planting cup and the planting floating plate are separated through a separating device; and 5, recovering the soil matrix and the planting floating plate. The harvesting device comprises a combine harvester, a conveying platform, an adjustable support, a winding device, a combine harvester working platform and a separating device. The combine harvester is arranged on the combine harvester working platform, the conveying platform is arranged on the adjustable support, the winding device is arranged at one end of the conveying platform, and the separating device is arranged at the other end of the conveying platform. The structure is simple and reasonable, and the working efficiency of large-scale floating rice harvesting is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop harvesting, and in particular to a harvesting method based on harvesting floating rice on the shore by a combine harvester. Background Art

[0002] The distribution of coal resources and cultivated land resources in many mining areas in my country is highly overlapped, which inevitably leads to land subsidence and damage caused by coal mining activities. For example, in the Lianghuai mining area, a total of more than 1.1 million mu of coal mining subsidence has been formed. Therefore, it is crucial to coordinate the relationship between coal resource exploitation and cultivated land protection. While protecting traditional land resources, exploring non-traditional cultivated land resources to expand the area of ​​grain cultivation and breaking through the natural conditions of scarcity of traditional cultivated land are the key to solving the problem.

[0003] Floating rice refers to a new type of planting mode that uses floating beds, floating islands, floating boards and other technical means to plant rice on the water surface, so that the rice grows suspended in the water. This planting mode can effectively solve the problem of reduced arable land and ensure food security in coal mining subsidence areas. However, there is currently no supporting mechanized equipment for harvesting floating rice on the water surface.

[0004] The main difficulty in floating rice harvesting is that mechanical equipment is difficult to operate on water, and manual harvesting is inefficient and cost-effective. Therefore, designing a floating rice harvesting method is both necessary and urgent for realizing large-scale floating rice planting and harvesting. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a harvesting method for floating rice based on a combine harvester on the shore, which can not only improve work efficiency but also save a lot of labor costs and ensure the possibility of large-scale promotion of floating rice.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: providing a harvesting device, including a combine harvester, a transmission platform, an adjustable bracket, a hoisting device, a combine harvester working platform, and a separation device; the combine harvester is placed on the combine harvester working platform, the transmission platform is placed on the adjustable bracket, one end of the transmission platform is provided with a hoisting device, and the other end of the transmission platform is provided with a separation device;

[0007] The hoisting device is used to hoist the floating rice planting float after being harvested by the combine harvester;

[0008] The conveying platform is used to convey the floating rice planting floating board hoisted by the hoisting device, and the planting cups on the floating rice planting floating board are separated by the separating device.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveying platform includes main conveyor belts located on both sides, auxiliary conveyor belts located between the main conveyor belts, a control console, and a power mechanism; the surface of the auxiliary conveyor belts is provided with protrusions for increasing the friction between the auxiliary conveyor belts and the floating rice planting float; the power mechanism is the power system of the conveying platform and the winch device, and the control console is used to adjust the speed and direction of the conveyor belts.

[0010] Furthermore, a claw hook is arranged on the pulley at one end of the main conveyor belt to assist in grabbing the floating rice planting float after being harvested by the combine harvester.

[0011] Furthermore, the hoisting device includes a steel cable and a hook, which is arranged on a rotating shaft at one end of the two main conveyor belts and is used to lift the floating rice planting float after being harvested by a combine harvester.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable bracket is installed below the conveying platform and is used to adjust the slope and height of the conveying platform.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the legs of the combine harvester working platform are adjustable legs for adjusting the height of the combine harvester.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of one end of the conveying platform where the hoisting device is arranged is lower than the height of the working platform of the combine harvester.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the separation device includes an outer frame, a crank, a connecting rod, a gear fan, a group of interconnected and evenly spaced pressure rods and corresponding pressure rod sleeves, a pressure plate is provided at the lower end of the pressure rod, the crank, the connecting rod and the gear fan are rotatably connected in sequence, the gear fan is in contact with a pressure rod, power is transmitted to the pressure rod to make it move up and down in the corresponding pressure rod sleeve, and when the pressure rod is downward, the pressure plate applies pressure to the planting cup to make it separate from the floating rice planting float.

[0016] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a harvesting method for floating rice harvested by a combine harvester on the shore using the harvesting device as described in any one of the above items, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Select mature floating rice;

[0018] Step 2: Unit construction and splicing of mature floating rice;

[0019] Step 3: transport the plantation units constructed and assembled in step 2 to the shore and harvest them using a harvesting device;

[0020] Step 4: After the floating rice in step 3 is harvested, a separation device is used to separate the planting cup from the planting floating plate;

[0021] Step 5: Recover the soil substrate and planting float.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 2, the specific method of constructing and splicing mature floating rice units is: aligning the long sides of several planting floats and splicing them to form a harvesting unit with half the length, and then splicing several harvesting units with four-corner frames to form a floating rice harvesting chain.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes a front-end combine harvester to harvest floating rice, controls the harvesting speed of floating rice through a transmission platform, and can realize mechanized harvesting by a combine harvester, greatly improves harvesting efficiency, and saves human resources. The present invention has a simple and reasonable structure, and improves the work efficiency of large-scale floating rice harvesting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a harvesting method based on harvesting floating rice on the shore by a combine harvester according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the harvesting unit;

[0026] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the harvesting device;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the hoisting device described in;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the separation device.

[0029] The markings of the components in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. Conveying platform, 11. Main conveyor belt, 12. Auxiliary conveyor belt, 13. Claw hook, 14. Control console, 15. Power mechanism, 16. Chain guard plate, 17. Pulley, 2. Adjustable bracket, 21. First I-frame, 3. Winch, 31. Steel cable, 32. Hook, 4. Combine harvester working platform, 41. Outrigger, 42. Second I-frame, 43. Steel plate, 5. Combine harvester, 6. Separation device, 61. Crank, 62. Connecting rod, 63. Gear fan, 64. Outer frame, 65. Pressure rod, 66. Pressure rod sleeve, 67. Fixed rod, 68. Pressure plate, 69. Connecting rod, 7. Four-corner frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1 , the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0032] A harvesting method based on harvesting floating rice on the shore by a combine harvester comprises the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Select mature floating rice;

[0034] Step 2: Unit construction and splicing of mature floating rice;

[0035] In this example, the minimum planting unit of floating rice is a planting float with a length of 1m and a width of 0.5m. The construction and splicing of the rice harvesting unit are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, 12 planting floats with a length of 1m and a width of 0.5m are aligned and spliced ​​together, and the splicing is fixed by nuts to form a small harvesting unit with a length of 6m and a width of 1m. The construction of this small harvesting unit is convenient for the subsequent recovery of the planting floats, and the small harvesting units are spliced ​​together to form a floating rice harvesting chain. In this example, the small harvesting units are spliced ​​together with a four-corner frame. Preferably, in order to prevent the floating rice planting float from falling off during the transmission process, the four legs of the four-corner frame 7 are tilted inward by 5°. At the same time, considering the maximum pulling force of the harvesting device and the bearing capacity between the floating plates, the number of small first units spliced ​​at a time is not more than 4.

[0036] Step 3: transport the plantation units constructed and assembled in step 2 to the shore and harvest them using a harvesting device;

[0037] Step 4: After the floating rice in step 3 is harvested, a separation device is used to separate the planting cup from the planting floating plate;

[0038] Step 5: Recover the soil substrate and planting float.

[0039] See also Figure 3 The harvesting device includes a combine harvester 5, a conveying platform 1, an adjustable bracket 2, a hoisting device 3, a combine harvester working platform 4, and a separation device 6. The combine harvester 5 is placed on the combine harvester working platform 4, the conveying platform 1 is placed on the adjustable bracket 2, and the hoisting device 3 is arranged at one end of the conveying platform 1, and the separation device 6 is arranged at the other end. The hoisting device 3 is used to hoist the floating rice planting floating board harvested by the combine harvester 5; the conveying platform 1 is used to convey the floating rice planting floating board hoisted by the hoisting device 3, and the separation device 6 separates the planting cups on the floating rice planting floating board.

[0040] The conveying platform 1 includes chain guard plates 16 located on both sides, a main conveyor belt 11, an auxiliary conveyor belt 12 located between the main conveyor belts 11, a power mechanism 15, and a control console 14. A claw hook 13 is respectively arranged on the two pulleys 17 at one end of the main conveyor belt 11, which is used to assist in grabbing the floating rice planting float after being harvested by the combine harvester 5. The surface of the auxiliary conveyor belt 12 is provided with rubber protrusions to increase the friction between the floating rice planting float and the floating rice planting float; the power mechanism 15 is the power system of the conveying platform 1 and the hoisting device 3, which can be a motor, etc. The control console 14 is used to adjust the speed and direction of the conveyor belt, thereby controlling the rice harvesting speed.

[0041] The structure diagram of the hoisting device 3 is as follows Figure 4 As shown, it includes a steel cable 31 and a hook 32, which are arranged on a rotating shaft between two pulleys 17 with claw hooks 13, and are used to lift the floating rice planting float after being harvested by the combine harvester 5.

[0042] The adjustable bracket 2 is installed below the conveying platform 1 to adjust the slope and height of the conveying platform 1. Specifically, the adjustable bracket 2 is connected to the chain guard plate 14 to support the conveying platform 1. The legs of the adjustable bracket 2 can be adjusted up and down. At the same time, the first I-shaped frame 21 is fixed between the four legs to reinforce the stability of the adjustable bracket 2. In actual applications, the height of one end of the hoisting device 3 provided on the conveying platform 1 is slightly lower than the height of the working platform of the combine harvester 5, so that the floating rice planting float after harvesting can fall on the conveying platform 1 for transmission.

[0043] The combine harvester work platform 4 includes a steel plate 43 and legs 41 at four ends of the steel plate 43. The legs 41 are adjustable legs for adjusting the height of the combine harvester 5. Specifically, the adjustable bracket 2 and the adjustable legs can be automatically adjusted by hydraulic legs or manually adjusted. In order to increase the stability of the combine harvester work platform 4, a second I-shaped frame 42 is provided between the four legs 41. When the combine harvester work platform 4 is fixed to the shore, the steel plate 41 is adjusted to be about 5 cm away from the water surface to ensure that the planting float can pass smoothly from under the combine harvester work platform 4 to complete the rice harvesting while leaving shorter rice roots.

[0044] Combination Figure 5The separation device 6 includes an outer frame 64, a crank 61, a connecting rod 62, a gear fan 63, a group of pressure rods 65 connected to each other and arranged at equal intervals, and corresponding pressure rod sleeves 66. There are four pressure rods 65, which are arranged at equal intervals in the plane where the outer frame 64 is located, and are connected by a connecting rod 69 so that they can move synchronously. A pressure plate 68 is provided at the lower end of the pressure rod 65 to increase the contact area with the planting cup. There are four pressure rod sleeves 66, and the four pressure rods 65 pass through the corresponding pressure rod sleeves 66 respectively. The four pressure rod sleeves 66 are connected and fixed to the left and right sides of the outer frame 64 by a fixing rod 67, and the pressure rod 65 can slide up and down in the pressure rod sleeves 66. The crank 61, the connecting rod 62, and the gear fan 63 are connected in rotation in sequence. The handle of the gear fan 63 is fixed to one side of the outer frame 64 by a pulley structure. The gear fan is connected with a pressure rod 65 in meshing contact, and the power is transmitted to the pressure rod 65 to make it move up and down in the corresponding pressure rod sleeve 66. When the pressure rod 65 is downward, the pressure plate 68 applies pressure to the planting cup to make it separate from the floating rice planting float.

[0045] The working process of the rice harvesting device is described below:

[0046] 1. Placement of harvesting equipment;

[0047] Choose a relatively flat bank, place the combine harvester work platform 4 close to the bank, adjust the legs 41 so that the platform steel plate 43 is about 5 cm away from the water surface, and after the combine harvester work platform 4 is firmly placed, place the combine harvester 5 on the work platform. The harvesting head of the combine harvester 5 is parallel to the work platform and exceeds the work platform by 10 cm to ensure that the rice is harvested smoothly when it reaches the harvesting head. After the front harvesting part is placed, dig a slope with a slope of 20 to 30 degrees directly behind the combine harvester work platform 4, place the floating plate transmission part in the dug slope, and adjust the adjustable bracket 2 so that the height of the front end of the transmission platform 1 is slightly lower than the height of the combine harvester work platform 4.

[0048] 2. Rice harvesting;

[0049] After the harvesting device is installed, the constructed harvesting unit is dragged to the front end of the combine harvester working platform 4, the power mechanism 15 is started, the conveyor belt is reversed through the control console 14 to loosen the steel cable 31 of the winch device 3, and the steel cable 31 is guided to pass under the combine harvester working platform 4. After reaching the harvesting unit, the hooks 32 are hung on both sides of the harvesting unit, the combine harvester 5 is started, the conveyor belt is controlled to rotate forward to drag the harvesting unit toward the conveying platform 1. When the harvesting unit reaches the front end of the conveying platform 1, it is unhooked and hung on the claw hooks 13 of the two main conveyor belts 11. The harvesting unit moves backward with the conveyor belt to complete the rice harvesting.

[0050] 3. The planting cup is separated from the planting float;

[0051] After harvesting, the planting cup moves together with the planting float through the conveying platform 1 toward the separation device 6. When reaching the bottom of the separation device 6, the control console controls the pressure rod 65 to press down, and the pressure plate 68 contacts the planting cup, and the planting cup is separated from the planting float under the action of pressure.

[0052] 4. Recycle the separated soil matrix and planting float.

[0053] The present invention utilizes a front-end combine harvester to harvest floating rice, controls the harvesting speed of floating rice through a transmission platform, and can realize mechanized harvesting by a combine harvester, greatly improves harvesting efficiency, and saves human resources. The present invention has a simple and reasonable structure and improves the work efficiency of large-scale floating rice harvesting.

[0054] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A harvesting device, characterized in that: It comprises a combine harvester, a transmission platform, an adjustable bracket, a hoisting device, a combine harvester working platform, and a separation device; the combine harvester is placed on the combine harvester working platform, the transmission platform is placed on the adjustable bracket, a hoisting device is arranged at one end of the transmission platform, and a separation device is arranged at the other end; The hoisting device is used to hoist the floating rice planting float after being harvested by the combine harvester; The conveying platform is used to convey the floating rice planting floating board hoisted by the hoisting device, and the planting cups on the floating rice planting floating board are separated by the separating device.

2. The harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying platform includes main conveyor belts located on both sides, auxiliary conveyor belts located between the main conveyor belts, a control console, and a power mechanism; protrusions are provided on the surface of the auxiliary conveyor belts to increase the friction between the floating rice planting floats; the power mechanism is the power system of the conveying platform and the winch device, and the control console is used to adjust the speed and direction of the conveyor belt.

3. The harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A claw hook is arranged on a pulley at one end of the main conveyor belt, which is used to assist in grabbing the floating rice planting floating board harvested by the combine harvester.

4. The harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hoisting device comprises a steel cable and a hook, which is arranged on a rotating shaft at one end of two main conveyor belts and is used for lifting the floating rice planting floating board harvested by a combine harvester.

5. The harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable bracket is installed below the conveying platform and is used to adjust the slope and height of the conveying platform.

6. The harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The legs of the combine harvester working platform are adjustable legs, which are used to adjust the height of the combine harvester.

7. The harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of one end of the conveying platform where the hoisting device is arranged is lower than the height of the working platform of the combine harvester.

8. The harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation device includes an outer frame, a crank, a connecting rod, a gear fan, a group of interconnected and equally spaced pressure rods and corresponding pressure rod sleeves. A pressure plate is provided at the lower end of the pressure rod. The crank, the connecting rod and the gear fan are rotatably connected in sequence. The gear fan is in contact with a pressure rod to transmit power to the pressure rod so that it moves up and down in the corresponding pressure rod sleeve. When the pressure rod moves downward, the pressure plate applies pressure to the planting cup to make it separate from the floating rice planting float.

9. A harvesting method for floating rice on the shore using a combine harvester using the harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Select mature floating rice; Step 2: Unit construction and splicing of mature floating rice; Step 3: transport the plantation units constructed and assembled in step 2 to the shore and harvest them using a harvesting device; Step 4: After the floating rice in step 3 is harvested, a separation device is used to separate the planting cup from the planting floating plate; Step 5: Recover the soil substrate and planting float.

10. The harvesting method for floating rice based on a combine harvester on the shore according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 2, the specific method of constructing and splicing the mature floating rice into units is: align the long sides of several planting floats and splice them to form a harvesting unit with half the length, and then splice several harvesting units to form a floating rice harvesting chain.

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