An adaptive chassis mechanism and a drip irrigation seeding machine including the mechanism

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive chassis mechanism and a drip irrigation seeding machine incorporating this mechanism. The adaptive chassis mechanism includes an upper frame, a lower frame, and a cross shaft mechanism connecting the two. A first shaft is connected to the lower frame via a bearing seat to achieve pitch compensation, and a second shaft is connected to the upper frame via a connector to achieve lateral tilt compensation. The lower frame is equipped with a limiting collar, and a buffer is located below the second shaft to absorb operational impact. An optional lateral displacement mechanism is driven by a chain-guide rod. The drip irrigation seeding machine integrates the aforementioned chassis. The upper frame is equipped with an adjustable drip irrigation tape / seed tape guiding system, and the lower frame connects a press roller and an adjustable ridging roller. Precise laying and rapid row spacing adaptation are achieved through an arc-shaped hollow guide and a multi-hole position adjustment mechanism. This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional equipment in terms of terrain adaptability, significantly improves operational accuracy and system reliability under complex working conditions, and is suitable for efficient combined operations of field crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machinery, and more specifically to an adaptive chassis mechanism and a drip irrigation seeding liner including the mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of precision agriculture technology, combined operation machinery integrating ridging, sowing, and drip irrigation has become an important piece of equipment for modern farmland operations. Such equipment needs to maintain stable operation under complex terrain conditions, which places stringent requirements on the adaptability of the chassis structure and the coordination of functional components. Existing technologies suffer from insufficient chassis terrain adaptability. Traditional seeders mostly use rigidly connected fixed chassis, which, when operating on slopes or uneven ground, results in uneven contact pressure between functional components (such as press rollers and ridging devices) and the ground, leading to twisted drip irrigation tape and inconsistent seed sowing depth. Although some equipment attempts to use a single-axis hinged structure to achieve pitch compensation, it cannot simultaneously solve the lateral tilt problem and lacks rotational limit protection, easily causing structural overload damage. Furthermore, there is a lack of multi-dimensional adjustment capabilities. Existing equipment generally lacks a lateral position adjustment mechanism; row spacing adjustment requires manual movement of the entire machine or replacement of parts after stopping the machine, severely restricting operational efficiency. While some models are equipped with sliding rail adjustment devices, they suffer from low positioning accuracy and poor resistance to lateral forces, making it difficult to maintain stability during dynamic operations. Meanwhile, poor coordination of functional components is also a challenge. Drip irrigation tape and seed tape guiding systems are mostly fixed installations, making it impossible to quickly adjust the guiding angle and position according to crop type. The ridging height adjustment mechanism often relies on screw lifting devices, which are time-consuming and easily affected by soil jamming. In addition, there is a lack of mechanical linkage design between functional modules, making the equipment prone to vibration interference under complex working conditions, reducing the quality of operation. Among the existing technologies, some propose seeder chassis with shock-absorbing springs to achieve pitch compensation through a single-axis swing structure, but they do not solve the problem of lateral tilt freedom compensation and lack displacement extension capability; some use hydraulic cylinders to drive the transverse slide to adjust the row spacing, which improves the convenience of adjustment, but the hydraulic system has the disadvantages of complex maintenance and high cost, making it unsuitable for small and medium-sized agricultural machinery; some modular seeding devices allow functional components to be replaced through quick-release interfaces, but there is a lack of mechanical coordination design between modules, and the overall stability of the machine does not meet expectations. Therefore, in summary, the existing technologies have failed to effectively integrate the needs of three-dimensional motion compensation, precise lateral adjustment, and multi-functional collaborative operation, resulting in the equipment's operating quality, efficiency, and reliability in complex terrain failing to meet the requirements of modern agriculture. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an adaptive chassis mechanism and a drip irrigation seeding machine including the mechanism. The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An adaptive chassis mechanism of the present invention includes an upper frame and a lower frame; a cross shaft mechanism is fixedly connected to the lower frame; a connecting member is fixedly connected to the cross shaft mechanism; the connecting member is connected to the upper frame, so that the lower frame is connected to the upper frame in sequence through the cross shaft mechanism and the connecting member; the cross shaft mechanism allows the lower frame to rotate freely relative to the upper frame along the X-axis and Y-axis directions. Further, the cross shaft mechanism includes a first shaft and a second shaft arranged perpendicularly to each other, fixedly connected to form a cross shaft; bearing seats are connected to both sides of the first shaft, and the bearing seats are fixedly connected to the lower frame; the second shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting member. The first shaft adopts a stepped shaft design, with the diameters at both ends smaller than the diameter of the middle intersection section to enhance torsional strength. The second shaft is fitted with a bushing, and the bushing is fixedly welded to the connecting member. The bearing housing is filled with lithium-based grease (NLGI grade 2), and a rotary skeleton oil seal (model SD 50×70×12) is installed on the outside to prevent mud and sand from entering. Furthermore, a buffer is provided below the second shaft; both ends of the buffer are fixedly connected to the first shaft and the lower frame, respectively; the buffer is a hydraulic damper or a spring buffer device. Furthermore, a limiting collar is rotatably connected to the lower frame; the limiting collar is annular, one end of which is rotatably connected to the lower frame via a rotating sleeve, and the other end is fitted onto the upper frame; the limiting collar allows the lower frame to rotate within a range of ±30° relative to the upper frame. Furthermore, the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the upper frame; or: the connecting piece and the upper frame are interconnected via a lateral displacement mechanism, allowing the connecting piece, the cross shaft mechanism, and the lower frame to move as a whole along the X-axis relative to the upper frame. The fixed connection scheme uses welding to achieve a rigid connection, suitable for conventional operation scenarios with terrain undulations of <10°. The lateral adjustment scheme is suitable for scenarios where the work row spacing needs to be adjusted, achieving ±250mm translation through a displacement mechanism to meet the operational needs of different terrains. Furthermore, the aforementioned lateral displacement mechanism includes a lateral chain, with support sprockets connected to both ends of the chain, and these support sprockets are respectively mounted on the upper frame. The aforementioned connecting piece is fixedly connected to the lateral chain and moves with the rotation of the chain. The connecting piece is slidably fitted with a guide rod. Both ends of the guide rod are fixedly connected to the upper frame, with its axis parallel to the lateral chain. One of the two support sprockets is coaxially fixedly connected to a transmission rod. The transmission rod is synchronously engaged with the operating wheel via sprockets and a transmission chain. A gantry frame is mounted on the upper frame, perpendicular to its main body, and the operating wheel is mounted on the gantry frame.Furthermore, the aforementioned connector is equipped with a supporting reinforcing rod; one end of the supporting reinforcing rod is fixedly connected to the connector, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve; the sliding sleeve is slidably fitted to the crossbar on the gantry frame; the sliding sleeve is equipped with fastening bolts for temporary fixation. In summary, the basic structure of the adaptive chassis mechanism includes an upper frame and a lower frame, which are non-rigidly connected by a cross shaft mechanism and connectors; the cross shaft mechanism consists of a first shaft and a second shaft fixedly connected perpendicularly to each other, wherein: both ends of the first shaft are fixed to the lower frame through bearing seats, allowing rotation around the X-axis; the second shaft is fixedly connected to the connector, allowing the lower frame to rotate relative to the upper frame around the Y-axis. The cross-axis mechanism comprises a first axis (X-axis) and a second axis (Y-axis) that are perpendicularly and fixedly connected, forming a spatial dual-degree-of-freedom rotational hub. The first axis is fixed to the lower frame via bearing seats at both ends, allowing the lower frame to rotate around the X-axis to compensate for pitch motion caused by terrain undulations. The second axis is rigidly connected to a connector that extends to the upper frame, allowing the lower frame to rotate around the Y-axis to absorb lateral sway. The power transmission path is as follows: ground reaction force is transmitted through the lower frame → cross-axis → connector → upper frame. The dual-axis rotation decomposes the multi-dimensional force state, preventing overall structural distortion. The adaptive chassis mechanism's motion compensation extension structure includes a buffer assembly, a rotation limit mechanism, and a lateral displacement mechanism. The lateral displacement mechanism is optional and can be used in scenarios requiring lateral adjustment of the lower frame. Buffer assembly: A buffer component (such as a hydraulic damper or spring) is installed below the second shaft, with its two ends connected to the first shaft and the lower frame respectively, to absorb operational impacts; Rotation limit mechanism: A rotatable limit collar is installed on the lower frame, one end of which is connected to the lower frame via a rotating sleeve, and the other end is fitted onto the upper frame, limiting the rotation angle of the lower frame to ±30°; Lateral displacement mechanism: The connecting piece is connected to the upper frame via a lateral chain, guide rod, and sprocket transmission assembly, realizing the overall translation of the lower frame along the X-axis, wherein: the lateral chain is installed on the upper frame via a support sprocket; the connecting piece is fixed to the chain and slides onto the guide rod; the operating wheel drives the sprocket via a transmission chain to achieve controlled translation. The adaptive chassis mechanism is equipped with a structural reinforcement design, that is, the connecting piece is equipped with a support reinforcement rod, one end of which is fixed to the connecting piece, and the other end is slidably connected to the crossbar of the upper frame via a sliding sleeve to form a support structure; the sliding sleeve is equipped with fastening bolts to fix the position after lateral displacement.A drip irrigation seeding machine including the aforementioned adaptive chassis mechanism, wherein a traveling mechanism is provided below the upper frame of the adaptive chassis mechanism, and functional components are provided below the lower frame of the adaptive chassis mechanism; a plurality of drip irrigation tape support frames, a plurality of seed tape support frames, and a pair of handles are provided above the upper frame; drip irrigation tape guides and seed tape guides corresponding to the number of drip irrigation tape support frames and seed tape support frames are provided on the upper frame; the drip irrigation tape guides are connected to a crossbar provided on the upper frame, and the drip irrigation tape guides are connected to the upper frame through sleeves. The sleeve is equipped with fastening bolts for temporary fixation; the drip irrigation tape guide is a hollow rod-shaped component with one end vertical and the other end curved, and both ends open; the size of the drip irrigation tape guide corresponds to the size of the drip irrigation tape; the seed tape guide is connected to another horizontal bar on the upper frame, and the seed tape guide is connected to the upper frame through a sleeve, which is equipped with fastening bolts for temporary fixation; the seed tape guide is a hollow rod-shaped component with one end vertical and the other end curved, and both ends open; the size of the seed tape guide corresponds to the size of the seed tape. Furthermore, the aforementioned functional component is a pressing roller; a ridging roller is provided at the front end of the aforementioned adaptive chassis mechanism; the aforementioned traveling mechanism is a tracked or wheeled drive mechanism; the aforementioned ridging roller is connected to the upper frame through a height-adjustable connector; the aforementioned height-adjustable connector includes a connecting rod, a roller support frame, and a sleeve, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the roller support frame, and the other end is sleeved with the sleeve, and the sleeve and the connecting rod are provided with several corresponding through holes, and fixing bolts are provided in the through holes for temporary fixed connection. In summary, the overall layout of the drip irrigation seeding machine is as follows: a traveling mechanism (tracked / wheeled) is installed below the upper frame of the adaptive chassis mechanism; a press roller is connected below the lower frame; and an adjustable-height ridging roller is installed at the front end. The upper frame has a drip irrigation tape support frame, a seed tape support frame, and corresponding guides and control handles. Functional component optimization includes a guidance system and a ridging roller adjustment mechanism. The drip irrigation tape guide and seed tape guide in the guidance system are both arc-shaped hollow rods, installed on the upper frame's crossbar via sleeves, and their positions can be adjusted by fastening bolts. The ridging roller of the ridging roller adjustment mechanism is connected to a sleeve-type height adjustment component via a connecting rod. The sleeve and connecting rod have multiple sets of through holes, and height adjustment is achieved through bolt fixing. The adaptive chassis mechanism and drip irrigation seeding machine described in this invention achieve significant technological breakthroughs through innovative structural design and system integration. Specific beneficial effects are as follows: I. The terrain adaptability has been comprehensively improved. The cross-axis mechanism rotates with dual degrees of freedom on the X and Y axes, allowing the lower frame to independently respond to the pitch and tilt movements caused by terrain undulations. The measured compensation angle range is ±30°, which is a significant improvement in terrain adaptability compared to the traditional single-axis hinge structure. This ensures that components such as the press roller and ridging roller maintain stable ground pressure in complex terrain.Ground reaction force is decomposed into rotational torque around the axis through the cross-shaft mechanism. Combined with the impact absorption function of the buffer, this significantly reduces the maximum stress on the frame, effectively extending the equipment's service life. II. Optimized Operational Accuracy and Efficiency: The lateral displacement mechanism achieves translational adjustment through chain-guide rod linkage, meeting the rapid switching needs of different crop planting modes. The arc-shaped bending section design of the drip irrigation tape and seed tape guide, combined with the adjustable sleeve installation method, minimizes the deviation of the tape release angle and reduces conveying resistance, significantly reducing operational defects such as tape twisting and seed misalignment. III. Significantly Enhanced System Reliability: The mechanical stop of the limiting collar and the energy dissipation of the buffer work together to significantly reduce the peak impact load under extreme conditions, preventing plastic deformation of key components. IV. Enhanced Multifunctionality and Economy: The chassis mechanism is compatible with both tracked and wheeled travel mechanisms, and the guiding system can adapt to different specifications of agricultural tape, meeting the combined operation needs of various crops such as cotton, corn, and wheat. Attached Figure Description

[0004] Figure 1 : A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Example 1; Figure 2 Another three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Example 1; Figure 3 : A schematic diagram of the cross shaft mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 : A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cross shaft mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 : A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Example 2; Figure 6 Another three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Example 2; Figure 7 : First three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Example 3; Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of Example 3; Figure 9 : A schematic diagram of the third three-dimensional structure of Example 3; Figure 10 : Front view of Example 3; Figure 11 Side view of Example 3; In the figure: 1-Adaptive chassis mechanism, 11-Upper frame, 12-Lower frame, 13-Cross shaft mechanism, 14-Connector, 15-Buffer, 16-Limiting collar, Lateral displacement mechanism, 171-Lateral chain, 172-Support sprocket, 173-Guide rod, 174-Transmission rod, 175-Transmission chain, 176-Operating wheel, 18-Support reinforcing rod, 19-Sliding sleeve, 2-Traveling mechanism, 3-Pressing roller, 4-Ridging roller, 5-Drip irrigation tape support frame, 6-Drip irrigation tape guide, 7-Seed tape support frame, 8-Seed tape guide, 9-Handle. Detailed Implementation

[0005] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Embodiment 1: As shown in the figure below... Figure 1-4As shown, an adaptive chassis mechanism 1 includes an upper frame 11 and a lower frame 12. A cross shaft mechanism 13 is fixedly connected to the lower frame 12. A connecting member 14 is fixedly connected to the cross shaft mechanism 13. The connecting member 14 is connected to the upper frame 11, allowing the lower frame 12 to be connected to the upper frame 11 sequentially via the cross shaft mechanism 13 and the connecting member 14. The cross shaft mechanism 13 allows the lower frame 12 to rotate freely relative to the upper frame 11 along the X-axis and Y-axis directions. The cross shaft mechanism 13 includes a first shaft and a second shaft arranged perpendicularly to each other, fixedly connected to form a cross shaft. Bearing seats are connected to both sides of the first shaft, and the bearing seats are fixedly connected to the lower frame 12. The second shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting member 14. A buffer 15 is provided below the second shaft. The two ends of the buffer 15 are fixedly connected to the first shaft and the lower frame 12, respectively. The buffer 15 is a hydraulic damper or a spring buffer device. A limiting collar 16 is rotatably connected to the lower frame 12. The limiting collar 16 is annular, with one end rotatably connected to the lower frame 12 via a rotating sleeve, and the other end sleeved on the upper frame 11. The limiting collar 16 allows the lower frame 12 to rotate within a range of ±30° relative to the upper frame 11. The connecting member 14 is fixedly connected to the upper frame 11. The basic structure of the adaptive chassis mechanism includes the upper frame 11 and the lower frame 12, which are non-rigidly connected via a cross shaft mechanism 13 and the connecting member 14. The cross shaft mechanism 13 consists of a first shaft and a second shaft fixedly connected perpendicularly to each other. The first shaft is fixed to the lower frame 12 at both ends via bearing seats, allowing rotation around the X-axis. The second shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting member 14, allowing the lower frame 12 to rotate around the Y-axis relative to the upper frame 11. The motion compensation extension structure of the adaptive chassis mechanism includes a buffer assembly and a rotation limiting mechanism. Buffer assembly: A buffer component 15, such as a hydraulic damper or spring, is installed below the second shaft. Its two ends are connected to the first shaft and the lower frame 12 respectively, and it is used to absorb the impact of operation. Rotation limit mechanism: A rotatable limit collar 16 is installed on the lower frame 12. One end of the collar is connected to the lower frame through a rotating sleeve, and the other end is sleeved on the upper frame 11, limiting the rotation angle of the lower frame to ±30°.In summary, this embodiment provides an adaptive chassis mechanism with pitch and roll compensation functions. The specific implementation is as follows: Frame connection structure: The upper frame 11 adopts a rectangular steel pipe welded frame; the lower frame 12 also adopts a rectangular steel pipe welded frame. The two are similar in size. A cross shaft mounting base is welded near the center of gravity of the lower frame 12. The cross shaft mounting base is connected to the cross shaft mechanism 3 to ensure that the lower frame 12 will not tilt in a free state; the cross shaft mechanism 13 is composed of a first shaft 131 (X-axis) and a second shaft 132 (Y-axis) made of 45# steel, which are orthogonally welded together. A reinforcing rib is provided at the intersection; the two ends of the first shaft 131 are installed in the bearing seats of the lower frame 12 through roller bearings 133 with sealing rings; the top end of the second shaft 132 is fixed by welding to the connecting piece 14. Buffer and limiting device: The buffer component 15 is a helical spring assembly, with two sets symmetrically installed below the second shaft 132: the upper end of the spring is fixed to the bushing of the first shaft 131 by a U-shaped buckle; the lower end of the spring is welded to the crossbar of the lower frame 12; the limiting device is the limiting collar 16. Connection method: The connecting component 14 is a square tube formed by stamping 20mm thick steel plate, which is sleeved with the cross shaft set on the upper frame 11 and welded to fix it, and the lower end is welded to the cross shaft mechanism 3. Working Principle: When the equipment travels on uneven ground: Pitch compensation: The lower frame 12 rotates around the first axis 131 (X-axis) with a maximum angle of ±30°; Tilt compensation: The lower frame 12 rotates around the second axis 132 (Y-axis); During the compensation process, the limiting collar 16 forms a mechanical limit; The compression or tension of the buffer 15 provides a tendency to return to its original position; Impact absorption: The ground impact force is transmitted through the lower frame 12 to the cross shaft mechanism 13, where it is buffered and attenuated by the buffer 15, resulting in a measured reduction of vibration acceleration of 55%-65%. Technical Effects: Field trials have verified (refer to GB / T 24675.2-2021): When operating on a 15° slope, the levelness deviation of the upper frame 11 is ≤2°; the buffer system reduces the peak impact load of the functional components by 58.7%; the limiting mechanism effectively prevents drip irrigation tape twisting failure caused by excessive deflection. Example 2: As shown. Figure 5-6As shown, an adaptive chassis mechanism 1 includes an upper frame 11 and a lower frame 12. A cross shaft mechanism 13 is fixedly connected to the lower frame 12. A connecting member 14 is fixedly connected to the cross shaft mechanism 13. The connecting member 14 is connected to the upper frame 11, allowing the lower frame 12 to be connected to the upper frame 11 sequentially via the cross shaft mechanism 13 and the connecting member 14. The cross shaft mechanism 13 allows the lower frame 12 to rotate freely relative to the upper frame 11 along the X-axis and Y-axis directions. The cross shaft mechanism 13 includes a first shaft and a second shaft arranged perpendicularly to each other, fixedly connected to form a cross shaft. Bearing seats are connected to both sides of the first shaft, and the bearing seats are fixedly connected to the lower frame 12. The second shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting member 14. A buffer 15 is provided below the second shaft. The two ends of the buffer 15 are fixedly connected to the first shaft and the lower frame 12, respectively. The buffer 15 is a hydraulic damper or a spring buffer device. A limiting collar 16 is rotatably connected to the lower frame 12. The limiting collar 16 is annular, with one end rotatably connected to the lower frame 12 via a rotating sleeve, and the other end sleeved on the upper frame 11. The limiting collar 16 allows the lower frame 12 to rotate within a range of ±30° relative to the upper frame 11. The connecting member 14 is interconnected with the upper frame 11 via a lateral displacement mechanism, allowing the connecting member 14, the cross shaft mechanism 13, and the lower frame 12 to move as a whole relative to the upper frame 11 along the X-axis. The aforementioned lateral displacement mechanism includes a lateral chain 171, with support sprockets 172 connected to both ends of the lateral chain 171, and the support sprockets 172 are respectively mounted on the upper frame 11; the aforementioned connecting member 14 is fixedly connected to the lateral chain 171 and moves with the rotation of the lateral chain 171; the aforementioned connecting member 14 is slidably fitted with a guide rod 173; the two ends of the aforementioned guide rod 173 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper frame 11, with its axis arranged parallel to the lateral chain 171; one of the two aforementioned support sprockets 172 is coaxially fixedly connected to a transmission rod 174; the aforementioned transmission rod 174 is synchronously engaged with an operating wheel 176 through a sprocket and a transmission chain 175; the aforementioned upper frame 11 is provided with a gantry frame arranged perpendicular to its body, and the aforementioned operating wheel 176 is mounted on the gantry frame. The aforementioned connector 14 is provided with a support reinforcing rod 18; one end of the support reinforcing rod 18 is fixedly connected to the connector 14, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 19; the aforementioned sliding sleeve 19 is slidably fitted and connected to the crossbar provided on the gantry frame; the aforementioned sliding sleeve 19 is provided with fastening bolts for temporary fixation.In summary, the basic structure of the adaptive chassis mechanism includes an upper frame 11 and a lower frame 12, which are non-rigidly connected by a cross-axis mechanism 13 and a connector 14. The cross-axis mechanism 13 consists of a first shaft and a second shaft that are perpendicularly and fixedly connected. The first shaft is fixed to the lower frame 12 at both ends by bearing seats, allowing rotation about the X-axis. The second shaft is fixedly connected to the connector 14, allowing the lower frame 12 to rotate relative to the upper frame 11 about the Y-axis. The motion compensation extension structure of the adaptive chassis mechanism includes a buffer assembly, a rotation limit mechanism, and a lateral displacement mechanism. The lateral displacement mechanism is an optional mechanism that can be used in scenarios where lateral adjustment of the lower frame 12 is required. Buffer assembly: A buffer component 15, such as a hydraulic damper or spring, is installed below the second shaft. Its two ends are connected to the first shaft and the lower frame 12, respectively, to absorb the impact of operation. Rotation limit mechanism: A rotatable limit collar 16 is installed on the lower frame 12. One end of the collar is connected to the lower frame through a rotating sleeve, and the other end is sleeved on the upper frame 11, limiting the rotation angle of the lower frame to ±30°. Lateral displacement mechanism: The connecting piece 14 is connected to the upper frame 11 through a lateral chain 171, a guide rod 173, and a sprocket transmission assembly to realize the overall translation of the lower frame along the X-axis. The lateral chain 171 is installed on the upper frame through a support sprocket 172. The connecting piece 14 is fixed to the chain and slides to the guide rod 173. The operating wheel 176 drives the sprocket through the transmission chain 175 to realize the translation. The adaptive chassis mechanism features a structural reinforcement design, specifically, the connecting piece 14 is equipped with a supporting reinforcing rod 18, one end of which is fixed to the connecting piece, and the other end is slidably connected to the crossbar of the upper frame through a sliding sleeve 19 to form a support structure; the sliding sleeve 19 is equipped with fastening bolts to fix the position after lateral displacement. In summary, this embodiment adds a lateral displacement mechanism based on embodiment 1, and the specific implementation method is as follows: Lateral adjustment core components: The lateral chain 171 is a 08B-1 roller chain of ISO 606 standard with a pitch of 12.7mm, arranged parallel to the inner side of the upper frame 11; the support sprocket 172 has a double-row tooth structure and is mounted on the upper frame 11 through a seated bearing; the guide rod 173 uses a chrome-plated optical shaft, installed parallel to the inner side of the chain, and both ends are fixed to the upper frame 11 through flanges; the transmission rod 174 is coaxially connected to the right support sprocket 172, and forms a 1:4 reduction transmission with the operating wheel 176 through the transmission chain 175. Working principle: When the working position needs to be adjusted laterally, loosen the wing bolt of the sliding sleeve 19 and rotate the operating wheel 176; the operating wheel 176 drives the support sprocket 172 to rotate through the transmission chain 175, which drives the transverse chain 171 to make the connecting piece 14 slide along the guide rod 173; after the adjustment is in place, tighten the wing bolt, and the support reinforcing rod 18 and the sliding sleeve 19 form a rigid triangular support.Example 3; A drip irrigation seeding machine including the adaptive chassis mechanism of Example 1 above, wherein a traveling mechanism 2 is provided below the upper frame 11 of the adaptive chassis mechanism 1, and a functional component is provided below the lower frame 12 of the adaptive chassis mechanism 1; a plurality of drip irrigation tape support frames 5, a plurality of seed tape support frames 7, and a pair of handles 9 are provided above the upper frame 11; drip irrigation tape guides 6 and seed tape guides 8 corresponding to the number of drip irrigation tape support frames 5 and seed tape support frames 7 are provided on the upper frame 11; the drip irrigation tape guides 6 are connected to a crossbar provided on the upper frame 11, and the drip irrigation tape guides 6 are connected to a crossbar provided on the upper frame 11. The sleeve is connected to the upper frame 11, and the sleeve is equipped with fastening bolts for temporary fixation; the drip irrigation tape guide 6 is a hollow rod-shaped piece with one end vertical and the other end curved, and both ends open; the size of the drip irrigation tape guide 6 corresponds to the size of the drip irrigation tape; the seed tape guide 8 is connected to another horizontal bar on the upper frame 11, and the seed tape guide 8 is connected to the upper frame 11 through a sleeve, and the sleeve is equipped with fastening bolts for temporary fixation; the seed tape guide 8 is a hollow rod-shaped piece with one end vertical and the other end curved, and both ends open; the size of the seed tape guide 8 corresponds to the size of the seed tape. The aforementioned functional component is a press roller 3; a ridging roller 4 is provided at the front end of the aforementioned adaptive chassis mechanism 1; the aforementioned traveling mechanism 2 is a tracked or wheeled drive mechanism; the aforementioned ridging roller 4 is connected to the upper frame 11 via a height-adjustable connector; the aforementioned height-adjustable connector includes a connecting rod, a roller support frame, and a sleeve, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the roller support frame, and the other end is sleeved with the sleeve, and the sleeve and connecting rod are provided with several corresponding through holes, and fixing bolts are provided in the through holes for temporary fixed connection. In summary, the overall layout of the drip irrigation seeding machine is as follows: the traveling mechanism 2 (tracked / wheeled) is installed below the upper frame 11 of the adaptive chassis mechanism 1, the press roller 3 is connected below the lower frame 12, and the height-adjustable ridging roller 4 is provided at the front end; the upper part of the upper frame 11 is provided with a drip irrigation tape support frame 5, a seed tape support frame 7, and corresponding guides 6, 8 and control handles 9. The functional component optimization includes the guiding system and the ridging roller adjustment mechanism; the drip irrigation tape guide 6 and seed tape guide 8 of the guiding system are both arc-shaped hollow rods, which are installed on the crossbar of the upper frame through sleeves, and their positions can be adjusted by fastening bolts; the ridging roller 4 of the ridging roller adjustment mechanism is connected to the sleeve-type height adjustment component through a connecting rod, and the sleeve and connecting rod are provided with multiple sets of through holes, and the height can be adjusted in stages by fixing with bolts.In summary, this embodiment provides a drip irrigation seeding machine integrating the adaptive chassis mechanism described in Embodiment 1. The specific implementation method is as follows: The traveling mechanism 2 adopts a rubber track drive with a single-side track width of 200mm and a ground contact length of 1200mm, and is driven by a 15kW diesel engine; the upper frame 11 has a height-adjustable connector welded to the front, which is connected to the ridging roller 4 through a connecting rod; the connecting rod has adjustment holes (Φ12mm) with a spacing of 50mm, which are fixed to the sleeve by M10 bolts to achieve five-level adjustment of the ridging height from 150-300mm. The drip irrigation tape support frame 5 is an arc-shaped bracket with a maximum load-bearing roll diameter of Φ600mm. Two frames are installed at the front end of the upper frame 11. The drip irrigation tape guide 6 is made of Φ25×1.5mm stainless steel tubing, bent with a bending radius R=150mm, an inlet section length of 300mm, and an outlet section length of 200mm. The guide is installed on the crossbar via Φ28mm sleeves 61, with an adjustable sleeve spacing of 400-800mm. The seed tape support frame 7 is a rod-shaped structure with a fixed end cap for fitting standard seed tape cores. The seed tape guide 8 has a bending radius R=100mm and an inner wall with a 2mm thick polyethylene wear-resistant bushing. The handle 9 is a U-shaped steel pipe structure, with both ends installed on the gantry of the upper frame 11 via quick-release connectors. The pressure roller 3 is connected to the lower frame 12 via a bearing seat and has a diamond-shaped embossed surface. Operational process: Terrain adaptation stage: When encountering slopes below 15°, the lower frame 12 automatically compensates for pitch / lateral tilt through the cross shaft mechanism 13, maintaining stable ground pressure of the press roller 3; Belt laying and sowing stage: The drip irrigation belt achieves unfolding angle control (outlet tilt angle 45°±5°) through the arc-shaped section of the guide 6; The seed belt reduces frictional resistance through the wear-resistant bushing of the guide 8 (actual resistance ≤5N). Example 4: As shown. Figure 7-11As shown, a drip irrigation seeding machine including the adaptive chassis mechanism of Embodiment 2 described above has a traveling mechanism 2 disposed below the upper frame 11 of the adaptive chassis mechanism 1, and a functional component disposed below the lower frame 12 of the adaptive chassis mechanism 1; a plurality of drip irrigation tape support frames 5, a plurality of seed tape support frames 7, and a pair of handles 9 are disposed above the upper frame 11; drip irrigation tape guides 6 and seed tape guides 8 are disposed on the upper frame 11, corresponding to the number of drip irrigation tape support frames 5 and seed tape support frames 7; the drip irrigation tape guides 6 are connected to a crossbar disposed on the upper frame 11, and the drip irrigation tape guides 6 are connected by... The sleeve is connected to the upper frame 11, and a fastening bolt is provided on the sleeve for temporary fixation; the drip irrigation tape guide 6 is a hollow rod-shaped piece with one end vertical and the other end curved in an arc shape, and both ends open; the size of the drip irrigation tape guide 6 corresponds to the size of the drip irrigation tape; the seed tape guide 8 is connected to another horizontal bar provided on the upper frame 11, and the seed tape guide 8 is connected to the upper frame 11 through a sleeve, and a fastening bolt is provided on the sleeve for temporary fixation; the seed tape guide 8 is a hollow rod-shaped piece with one end vertical and the other end curved in an arc shape, and both ends open; the size of the seed tape guide 8 corresponds to the size of the seed tape. The aforementioned functional component is a press roller 3; a ridging roller 4 is provided at the front end of the aforementioned adaptive chassis mechanism 1; the aforementioned traveling mechanism 2 is a tracked or wheeled drive mechanism; the aforementioned ridging roller 4 is connected to the upper frame 11 via a height-adjustable connector; the aforementioned height-adjustable connector includes a connecting rod, a roller support frame, and a sleeve, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the roller support frame, and the other end is sleeved with the sleeve, and the sleeve and connecting rod are provided with several corresponding through holes, and fixing bolts are provided in the through holes for temporary fixed connection. In summary, this embodiment deeply integrates the lateral adjustment type chassis mechanism of embodiment 2 with the sowing equipment to form an operating system with the position correction function of the lower frame 12, which has the same overall layout and working principle as the drip irrigation sowing machine of embodiment 3. Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive chassis mechanism, characterized in that, The adaptive chassis mechanism (1) includes an upper frame (11) and a lower frame (12); a cross shaft mechanism (13) is fixedly connected to the lower frame (12); a connector (14) is fixedly connected to the cross shaft mechanism (13); the connector (14) is connected to the upper frame (11), so that the lower frame (12) is connected to the upper frame (11) in sequence through the cross shaft mechanism (13) and the connector (14); the cross shaft mechanism (13) allows the lower frame (12) to rotate freely relative to the upper frame (11) along the X-axis and Y-axis directions; The cross shaft mechanism (13) includes a first shaft and a second shaft arranged perpendicularly to each other, which are fixedly connected to form a cross shaft; the first shaft is connected to bearing seats on both sides, and the bearing seats are fixedly connected to the lower frame (12); the second shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting piece (14); a limiting collar (16) is rotatably connected to the lower frame (12); the limiting collar (16) is annular, one end of which is rotatably connected to the lower frame (12) through a rotating sleeve, and the other end is sleeved on the upper frame (11); The connector (14) is connected to the upper frame (11) via a lateral displacement mechanism, allowing the connector (14), the cross shaft mechanism (13), and the lower frame (12) to move as a whole relative to the upper frame (11) along the X-axis. The lateral displacement mechanism includes a lateral chain (171), with support sprockets (172) connected to both ends of the lateral chain (171), and the support sprockets (172) are respectively mounted on the upper frame (11). The connector (14) is fixedly connected to the lateral chain (171) and moves with the rotation of the lateral chain (171). The connector (14) is slidably fitted to the guide rod (173); both ends of the guide rod (173) are fixedly connected to the upper frame (11), and the axis is arranged parallel to the transverse chain (171); one of the two support sprockets (172) is coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission rod (174); the transmission rod (174) is synchronously meshed with the operating wheel (176) through the sprocket and the transmission chain (175); the upper frame (11) is provided with a gantry frame arranged perpendicular to its body, and the operating wheel (176) is set on the gantry frame; The connector (14) is provided with a support reinforcing rod (18); one end of the support reinforcing rod (18) is fixedly connected to the connector (14), and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve (19); the sliding sleeve (19) is slidably fitted to the crossbar provided on the gantry frame; the sliding sleeve (19) is provided with fastening bolts for temporary fixation.

2. The adaptive chassis mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer (15) is provided below the second shaft; the two ends of the buffer (15) are fixedly connected to the first shaft and the lower frame (12) respectively.

3. A drip irrigation seeding machine with an adaptive chassis mechanism as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The adaptive chassis mechanism (1) has a traveling mechanism (2) below the upper frame (11) and a functional component below the lower frame (12). Several drip irrigation tape support frames (5), several seed tape support frames (7) and a pair of handles (9) are provided above the upper frame (11). The upper frame (11) is provided with drip irrigation tape guides (6) and seed tape guides (8) corresponding to the number of drip irrigation tape support frames (5) and seed tape support frames (7). The drip irrigation tape guide (6) is connected to a crossbar on the upper frame (11). The drip irrigation tape guide (6) is connected to the upper frame (11) through a sleeve. The sleeve is provided with fastening bolts for temporary fixation. The drip irrigation tape guide (6) is a hollow rod-shaped piece with one end vertical and the other end curved in an arc shape and open at both ends. The size of the drip irrigation tape guide (6) corresponds to the size of the drip irrigation tape. The seed belt guide (8) is connected to another crossbar on the upper frame (11). The seed belt guide (8) is connected to the upper frame (11) through a sleeve. The sleeve is provided with fastening bolts for temporary fixation. The seed belt guide (8) is a hollow rod-shaped piece with one end vertical and the other end curved in an arc shape and open at both ends. The size of the seed belt guide (8) corresponds to the size of the seed belt.

4. The drip irrigation seeding machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The functional component is a pressing roller (3); a ridging roller (4) is provided at the front end of the adaptive chassis mechanism (1); the traveling mechanism (2) is a tracked or wheeled drive mechanism; The ridging roller (4) is connected to the upper frame (11) through a height-adjustable connector; the height-adjustable connector includes a connecting rod, a roller support frame and a sleeve. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the roller support frame and the other end is sleeved with the sleeve. Several corresponding through holes are provided on the sleeve and the connecting rod, and fixing bolts are provided in the through holes for temporary fixing connection.

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